Abstract: A printer module includes a body that defines a print media feed path and a feed opening to permit print media to be positioned in the print media feed path. A pagewidth printing mechanism is positioned in the body to carry out a printing operation on the print media. At least one modular connector is arranged on the body to permit at least an image processing module to be connected to the body. A bus interconnects the printing mechanism and the image processing module to facilitate communication between the printing mechanism and the image processing module.

Abstract: There are provided an image forming apparatus and a method of controlling the same are provided, which are capable of conveying an insert sheet of a proper page in carrying out a recovery process and simplifying the recovery process, and a storage medium storing a program for executing the method. When a printing start instruction is input and an insert mode has been set, an insert sheet is fed. It is determined whether the insert sheet is for a top page of a copy (bundle) or not. When the insert sheet for the top page is detected, a proper printing operation in the insert mode is started. If the insert sheet is not determined to be for the top page, it is judged that the insert sheet has not been correctly set on the inserter tray, and then the insert sheet is discharged to a non-sort tray. Then, insert sheets are discharged to the non-sort tray until the insert sheet for the top page is detected.

Abstract: An image reader has an original tray for feeding an original from a bundle of originals, a first transport passage for transporting the original fed by the original tray, a scanner for reading an image on one side of the original from one side of the transported original, and a CIS for reading an image on the other side of the original from the opposed side to the one side of the transport passage. To read both sides of an original, the image reader is provided with a mode of reading both sides simultaneously using the scanner and the CIS and a mode of reading both sides of the original only by the scanner with the original reversed using a third transport passage, a fourth transport passage, and a fifth transport passage without using the CIS.

Abstract: Image processing operations, such as settings of copying conditions of a copier, are facilitated, with the setting being made on a terminal such as a personal computer or other copier. Data of the image processing operation settings to be executed by an image processing apparatus, are set on a terminal such as a personal computer which is interconnected with the image processing apparatus through LAN, and to which a user has been accustomed in operation. The set data are transmitted to the image processing apparatus and names of the image processing operations are displayed on a display window of the image processing apparatus, as candidates to be executed by the apparatus.

Abstract: A burst-mode data transfer arrangement for transferring a “LINE” of data, arranged in a four-subline array, between a 32-bit-subline memory and a cache memory having 64 bits per sub-line, where, in every such transfer, four sublines must be transferred successively in one of four different sequences, depending on whether the initial access-subline is subline-#1, -#2, -#3 or -#4; this arrangement being adapted to derive the address of the third subline by: deriving an “access address” for the initial subline of the “LINE” to be transferred; converting the result to binary code form; inverting the fourth bit of this binary code form, and then converting this result to the desired code form, to constitute the address of the third subline (of the four to be transferred).

Abstract: A demonstration system for a peripheral such as a printer connects an external, non-volatile memory to the printer in place of the host computer. One such peripheral uses a peripheral cable containing a controller or formatter that includes a computer interface for communications with the host computer and an interface for memory accesses. The peripheral cable connects to the computer interface for communications with the host computer. The demonstration system employs a controller or formatter of the same type as used in the peripheral cable and connects the interface for reading from the external memory. The controller can load both demonstration code and demonstration data from the external memory and direct the peripheral to perform a demonstration.

Abstract: Systems and procedures are described for an imaging device to download media parameters from a remote server computer that is connected to the imaging device across a network. Specifically, the imaging device detects a media ID from print media. Responsive to detecting the media ID, the imaging device downloads a set of media parameters that correspond to the Media ID from the server computer. The imaging device uses these downloaded media parameters to automatically configure itself.

Abstract: The present invention provides a print distribution system in which plural printing apparatuses are connected over a network, and printed data created by a data processing apparatus of a sender is distributed to plural distribution destinations. The print distribution system includes an association information holding unit that holds in advance information indicating correspondences between plural distribution destinations and plural printing apparatuses used in the plural distribution destinations, and a print setting management unit that collectively manages settings of print conditions of the plural printing apparatuses.

Abstract: Provided is a method, system, and program for interfacing with a printer driver. Data and an acknowledgment request is received from the printer driver. The printer driver does not send further data to print until receiving an acknowledgment reply indicating that the transmitted data passed an initial check to improve printer performance. An acknowledgment reply is transmitted to the printer driver in response to the acknowledgment request before completing the initial check of the sent data to cause the printer driver to send further data. Data processing operations are resynchronized in response to detecting an error in the received data. The received data is rasterized and outputted.

Abstract: A printer server is connected to a plurality of terminals. The printer server includes a terminal status detecting unit that receives a piece of operation information ‘key’ indicating that a operation has been performed from each terminal, measures an elapsed time since each piece of operation information ‘key’ was received by referring to a timer, and sets a non-operational status ‘status’ for each terminal according to the length of the elapsed time, a priority determining unit that determines a priority level from the non-operational status ‘status’, and a print job processing unit that has print job processing performed by, when a plurality of print jobs are waiting to be processed, giving preference to print jobs transmitted from terminals with higher priority levels.

Abstract: When user specifies a desired minimum font size through a host computer 2, and issues a print instruction to a printer 3, a recommended N-up number operating section 37 of the printer 3 performs an arithmetic operation to obtain a maximum N-up number with which font size not larger than the desired minimum font size are not included. A printing section 35 of the printer 3 prints the obtained N-up number of sheets of original document images on one sheet of paper.

Abstract: A control device and a method for controlling scanning speed of a scanner. The control device includes a decision device and a driving device. The decision device further includes an image buffer, an up-down counter and a comparator. The decision device receives the input image data and utilizes the up-down counter to compute data access volume inside the image buffer. The comparator decides whether to increase or decrease the scanning speed according to the data access volume and also outputs decision data to the driving device.

Abstract: An optical scanner includes a first reference white board and a second reference white board perpendicular to two sides of a glass window that holds an object to be scanned. When the optical scanner is powered on, the optical module scans the first reference white board and the second reference white board to obtain data of image quality test and brightness variations in Y direction first, and through software compensation and correction, to obtain a normal digital image data thereby to achieve rapid preview and scanning.

Abstract: A holographic recording and reconstructing apparatus includes a laser light source for emitting a laser beam, a beam splitting element for splitting the emitted laser beam into a signal beam and a reference beam, a light modulating element for modulating the signal beam, an optical system for collecting the modulated signal beam and the reference beam onto a reflection hologram recording medium at substantially the same location, a light detection element for detecting a reconstructed light beam from the hologram recording medium, and wavelength shifting means for shifting the wavelength of the laser beam used during reconstruction from the wavelength used during recording.

Abstract: The invention provides a light scanning device for scanning light from a light source, the light scanning device having: a pivotably mounted mirror for receiving light from the light source; a counterbalance; and a drive for oscillatorily pivoting the mirror and the counterbalance simultaneously in opposite directions to reduce uncoupled forces.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical scanning system and an image forming apparatus having the same, wherein, in one preferred form of the invention, the optical scanning system includes a light source device, a deflecting device for scanningly deflecting a light beam from the light source device, and an imaging optical system for imaging, upon a scan surface to be scanned, the light beam deflected by the deflecting device, wherein the imaging optical system consists of a single imaging optical element with a light exit surface having a concave shape with respect to a main-scan sectional plane, and wherein relations 0.5??m/?p?0.9 0<dp/kp?0.

Abstract: An electrochromic window includes a first transparent, e.g., plastic, substrate having a first primer over at least a portion thereof and a first electrically conductive coating over at least a portion of the first primer. A second transparent plastic substrate has a second primer over at least a portion thereof and a second electrically conductive coating over at least a portion of the second primer. The first primer has a coefficient of expansion less than the coefficient of expansion of the first plastic substrate, and the second primer has a coefficient of expansion less than the coefficient of expansion of the second plastic substrate. An electrochromic medium is located between the first and second electrically conductive coatings. At least one of the first and second electrically conductive coatings has a metal layer located between first and second metal oxide layers.

Abstract: A spatial light modulation device capable of displaying a large number of gray scales is provided. The inventors of the present invention proposed a spatial light modulation device having: a first structure in which a switching transistor and an erasure transistor, each having its gate electrode connected to a different scanning line, are formed in each pixel, and whose switching is controlled separately; or a second structure in which two switching transistors, each having its gate electrode connected to a different scanning line, are formed in each pixel, and whose switching is controlled separately.

Abstract: A transflective electrophoretic display and a method for manufacturing the same are proposed. The transflective electrophoretic display including a top substrate and a bottom substrate, multiple separating walls disposed between the top and bottom substrates, a transflective film, and an electrophoretic display medium, can be designed to display colors by using multicolor electrophoretic display media or color filters. The display can be viewed with or without ambient light by adopting a backlight module, as well as to improve the overall display quality.

Abstract: An electrophoretic device including a pair of electrodes, an electrophoretic dispersion liquid including an electrophoretic particle and a dispersion medium and having electric properties of electric resistance Rep and capacitance Cep, a microcapsule in which the electrophoretic dispersion liquid is enclosed and provided between the pair of the electrodes and a binder layer fixing the microcapsule between the electrodes and having electric properties of electric resistance Rb and capacitance Cb, and wherein a ratio of the electric properties of the electrophoretic dispersion liquid and the binder layer satisfies a relationship RbCb?RepCep.

Abstract: WDM optical signals are amplified using optical parametric amplification by applying an appropriate separation of those optical signals according to their carrier angular frequencies. These angular frequencies are within the two principal amplification bands defined by the non-linear optical medium used for optical parametric amplification. It is advantageously proposed to launch into the non-linear optical medium in one direction the optical signals of carrier frequencies within the one amplification band, and in the opposite counter-propagating direction the optical signals of carrier angular frequencies within the other amplification band. The required pump radiation is launched co-linearly with the respective optical signals to be amplified.

Abstract: A wavelength-doubling optical parametric oscillator (OPO) comprising a type II nonlinear optical medium for generating a pair of degenerate waves at twice a pump wavelength and a plurality of mirrors for rotating the polarization of one wave by 90 degrees to produce a wavelength-doubled beam with an increased output energy by coupling both of the degenerate waves out of the OPO cavity through the same output coupler following polarization rotation of one of the degenerate waves.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for determining the gain spectrum of a Raman amplifier having an optical amplifier, which is connected in incoming circuit thereto, in a section of a WDM transmission system. A number of spectra are recorded at the output of the Raman amplifier during which the optical amplifier or the Raman amplifier is switched on and off and a high amplified spontaneous emission is generated at the input of the Raman amplifier. Afterwards, the gain spectrum is determined on the basis of the recorded spectra.

Abstract: An optical fiber for Raman amplification amplifies a signal light with a pumping light. A chromatic dispersion at a wavelength of 1,550 nm is in a range between ?70 ps/nm/km and ?30 ps/nm/km. Raman gain efficiency with a pumping light of 1,450 nm is equal to or more than 5 (W×km)?1. Nonlinear coefficient at the wavelength of 1,550 nm is equal to or less than 5.0×10?9 W?1. Zero-dispersion wavelength is neither at a wavelength of the signal light nor at a wavelength of the pumping light. Cut-off wavelength is equal to or less than the wavelength of the pumping light.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus and method for implementing an all-optical OR logic gate. The apparatus includes an optical pulse generator, a Mode-Locked Fiber Laser (MLFL), a first optical splitter, a first optical delay line means, an optical control means, a first optical coupler, a second optical splitter, a second optical delay line means, a third optical splitter, an Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), a Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA), a second optical coupler, and an optical analyzer. The first optical splitter divides light output from the MLFL. The first and second optical delay line means acquire time delay. The optical control means controls intensity and polarization of the light. The first optical coupler generates the first input signal pattern as a probe signal. The second optical splitter divides light output from the first optical coupler. The third optical splitter divides the second input signal pattern.

Abstract: A common-aperture, multispectral device uses a folded beamsplitter to simultaneously image near infrared (NIR) and long wave infrared (LWIR) spectral bands. The folded-path optical design makes the sensor extremely compact and lightweight without compromising the F/# or field of view. The design is split into two channels; a NIR channel and a LWIR channel. A Zinc Sulfide environmental window provides the input to the device. The input first is split into the two channels via a Germanium (Ge) beam-splitter. For the NIR Channel, the input is focused directly onto a faceplate through a series of optics. For the LWIR Channel, the input is focused onto the Ge window via a folded design including a first Ge lens, a fold mirror, and then a second Ge lens. From the faceplate of the NIR channel and the Ge window of the LWIR channel, the input is then processed by respective focal planes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a surgical microscopy system, comprising a surgical microscope, a stand comprising a base and a plurality of pivotally connected arms, the surgical microscope being mounted to one of the arms, wherein the pivotally connected arms are arranged to be movable with respect to each other such that the surgical microscope is movable relative to the base, and wherein a conventionally provided lead is replaced by one or more leads fulfilling the function of the single lead together. The present invention also relates to a surgical microscopy system, wherein data or/and energy is transmitted to the surgical microscope by wireless transmission.

Abstract: A microscopic image capturing apparatus and method are provided. First, the entire area of a slide glass on a stage is divided into field size sections (low-magnification sections) of a low-powered objective lens. The stage is transferred perpendicular to an optical axis, and image information is sequentially obtained for each low-magnification section. Each low-magnification section is divided into high-magnification size sections (high-magnification sections), and a high-magnification image is captured using a high-powered objective lens only in high-magnification sections corresponding to a sample. A high-magnification image is generated by correctly maintaining the relative position between the obtained image information and an area corresponding to high-magnification sections which are not captured, and high-magnification composite image information of the sample is generated.

Abstract: The invention provides a microscope having high utilization efficiency of light from a light source and capable of using a bright, uniform line illumination. The microscope includes a plurality of light sources; a collimator lens that substantially collimates light from the light sources; a cylindrical lens having a flat surface orthogonal to the optical axis of light emitted from the collimator lens, and a cylindrical surface whose longitudinal axis is disposed parallel to the arrayed direction of the light sources; and an objective lens that illuminates a specimen with light from the cylindrical lens.

Abstract: Two reflective surfaces disposed in a predetermined angular orientation inside the optical tube assembly of a telescope intercept the optical beam and deliver it from the objective to the eye-piece. By translating these surfaces simultaneously along the axis bisecting the angle between them, the separation between the focal points of the objective and the eye-piece is adjusted as required to re-focus the telescope in a continuous and reversible fashion without changing its overall dimensions.

Abstract: A projection screen has first transparent particles tinted a first color and second transparent particles tinted a second color.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a microlens array sheet of a projection screen including a lens sheet having a predetermined area, microlenses arranged on one surface of the lens sheet in the horizontal and vertical directions, a black matrix including apertures corresponding to the microlenses, and being adhered to the other surface of the lens sheet, an optical diffusing layer formed on the lens sheet to cover the black matrix, for widening a viewing angle, and a protecting film for protecting the optical diffusing layer. The microlens array sheet of the projection screen is manufactured by using a process for manufacturing a semiconductor device, a reflow process and a plating process for a mold, thereby improving luminance and definition of the projection screen at a low unit cost of production.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a color display apparatus using a one-panel diffractive-type optical modulator. The color display apparatus includes a plurality of light sources, an illumination lens system, a diffractive-type optical modulator, a filter system, and a projection system. The light sources simultaneously emit the light beams of corresponding wavelengths. The illumination lens system allows respective light beams to be converted into linear parallel light. The diffractive-type optical modulator forms diffractive light by diffracting incident light when the locations of at least two neighboring reflection parts vary to a predetermined distance by an actuating means. The filter system allows diffractive light having a desired diffractive order for respective wavelengths to pass therethrough when diffractive light having a plurality of diffractive orders for the respective wavelengths enters from the diffractive-type optical modulator.

Abstract: An optical lens includes a hologram, a refractive lens, and a phase level difference. The hologram has a sawtooth shape grating having a sawtooth shape in cross-section, and generates +2nd-order diffracted light most strongly with respect to blue light and +1st-order diffracted light most strongly with respect to red light, by setting a height of the sawtooth shape grating. The +2nd-order diffracted light of blue light is condensed through a substrate with a thickness t1, and the +1st-diffracted light of red light is condensed through a substrate with a thickness t2 (t1<t2). The difference in optical path length occurring when the blue light passes through the phase level difference is five times the wavelength of the blue light.

Abstract: There is provided a transmission type screen that can suppress deterioration of image quality due to glare distortion of external light and the like that occurs on a screen surface while keeping a feeling (a glossy feeling of an image) as if a CRT-TV is directly viewed. The transmission type screen 10 is arranged by combining a plurality of screen members (for example, a lenticular lens sheet 11 and a Fresnel lens sheet 12), which realize various optical functions such as transmission, diffusion, condensing and the like of light, with each other. A smooth surface having a surface roughness Ra of 0 ?m?Ra?0.5 ?m is formed on the viewer side surface of a nearest-to-viewer side screen member (for example, the lenticular lens sheet 11) of the plurality of screen members, as well as the amount of warping D of the nearest-to-viewer side screen member (for example, the lenticular lens sheet 11) is ?10 mm?D?15 mm.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an optical film with array of microstructures, having a first optical surface and a second optical surface for receiving an incident light. The optical film comprises at least a transparent microstructure formed on the first optical surface, wherein the microstructure further comprises: a first side for scattering the incident light; and a second side for collimating the incident light.

Abstract: There is provided an optical substrate. The optical substrate includes at least one surface, The at least one surface includes at least one optical structure having a shape and dimensions, wherein the shape and dimensions of each optical structure represents in part a modulation of a corresponding idealized structure. The shape and dimensions of each of the at least one optical structure are determined in part by at least one randomly generated component of modulation wherein the modulation of each of the at least one optical structure is limited by a neighboring optical structure comprised by the surface.

Abstract: A microscopic lens, of size approximately 1 micron is used for its optical characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention provides a plastic optical component. The plastic optical component has superior characteristics including lightweightness, low cost and suitability for mass production. The plastic optical component exhibits superior moisture barrier quality while experiencing no uneven refractive index profile in their interior even if they are subjected to the effect of water in the environment. The plastic optical component has an optical component's body. A moisture-proof coating is directly or indirectly formed at least on surfaces of the optical component's body in contact with outside air. The moisture-proof coating is a multi-layered film including a lower inorganic layer and an upper organic layer. Sherwood number describing a water transfer process of the plastic optical component is in a range of 0.1 to 10, both inclusive.

Abstract: Provided is an optical deflector for deflecting radiation beams. The optical deflector includes: a peripheral region having a first effective refractive index; and a deflection pattern region having a predetermined shape and a second effective refractive index, wherein the second effective refractive index differs from the first effective refractive index. Here, due to the deflection pattern region having the predetermined shape, the radiation beams are deflected in a direction starting from a certain point. By using the optical deflector, the locus of a light source can be designed in one of various forms, such as a straight line, a circle, an ellipse, or a parabola.

Abstract: A wide-angle zoom lens system includes a negative first lens group, a positive second lens group, a negative third lens group and a positive fourth lens group), in this order from the object. Upon zooming from the short focal length extremity to the long focal length extremity, a distance between the negative first lens group and the positive second lens group decreases, a distance between the positive second lens group and the negative third lens group increases, and a distance between the negative third lens group and the positive fourth lens group decreases. The wide-angle zoom lens system satisfies the following conditions: 1.3<|f1|/fw<1.7 (f1<0)??(1) 2.5<f4/fw<3.3??(2) wherein f1 designates the focal length of the negative first lens group; f4 designates the focal length of the positive fourth lens group; and fw designates the focal length of the entire wide-angle zoom lens system at the short focal length extremity.

Abstract: At least one exemplary embodiment is directed to a zoom lens which includes a first lens group, which can have a positive refracting power; a second lens group, which can have a negative refracting power, and can move during zooming; a third lens group, which can have a positive refracting power; and a fourth lens group, which can have a positive refracting power, and can move during zooming, the lens groups being aligned in order from front to back, where the focal lengths fw and ft of the whole system at a wide-angle end and at a telescopic end, respectively, can satisfy the following conditions: 0.15<fw/f4 <0.26 1.0<f3/(fw·ft)1/2<1.2.

Abstract: A zoom lens system includes a first lens unit, a lens unit having a positive optical power placed on an image side of the first lens unit, and a lens unit having a negative optical power placed on the image side of the lens unit having a positive optical power. In the zoom lens system, the lens unit having a negative optical power is closest to the image side. A compact zoom lens system is obtained by adequately setting the movement of each lens unit during zooming and the optical power of each lens unit.

Abstract: An electronic imaging device is provided which includes a first lens group which takes in a luminous flux from a subject along a first optical axis, an optical axis conversion member which bends the luminous flux along a second optical axis which intersects with the first optical axis, a second lens which images the bent luminous flux to an imaging element, and an optical amount adjustment unit provided between the second lens group and the optical axis conversion member. An AF motor, a driving unit which drives the optical amount adjustment unit, and a zoom motor are each selectively arranged at one of four spaces formed by a first plane defined by the optical amount adjustment unit and a second plane defined by the first and second optical axes. The AF motor, the driving unit, and the zoom motor may all be arranged at one side of the second plane.

Abstract: An optical pickup lens device includes, in the order from the light source side, a collimating lens for converting a bundle of rays into parallel rays or predetermined convergent or divergent rays, the collimating lens being movably held along a direction of an optical axis of a bundle of rays emitted from a light source; an aberration correcting element for allowing a bundle of rays emitted from the collimating lens to be transmitted therethrough; and an objective lens element having a numerical aperture of 0.8 or more, and converging a bundle of rays coming from the aberration correcting element onto the information recording medium to form a spot. The aberration correcting element and the objective lens element are integrally held together in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis so as to perform tracking on the information recording medium, and satisfy predetermined conditions.

Abstract: An imaging optical system includes, in order from an object side, a first lens having positive refracting power, a concave surface of which is directed toward the object side, a third lens having positive refracting power, a convex surface of which is directed toward an image side and a fourth lens having negative refracting power, wherein the second lens and the third lens are cemented together. Having such a configuration, an angle made by the incident light and the exiting light to the cemented lens can be kept small, and accordingly, the generation of aberrations at the refracting surface and performance change of lenses when these are in a relative decentering position can be suppressed.

Abstract: A lens barrel is provided and includes a barrel main body; lens frames supported by the barrel main body so as to be movable in the direction of an optical axis; a focus ring and a zoom ring which are rotatably supported by the barrel main body and move the lens frames in the direction of the optical axis; and a diaphragm device attached to the barrel main body. The focus ring and the zoom ring come into contact with a rotation regulatory section of the diaphragm device, whereby rotation of the focus ring and rotation of the zoom ring are regulated.

Abstract: A transparent member has a light incident surface formed in such a manner as to be oriented downwards, a light emitting surface formed in such a manner as to be oriented towards a driver M and a reflecting mirror surface having a reflecting member integrally attached thereto which is formed into a convex surface relative to the driver on an opposite side to the light emitting surface. The light incident surface is formed into the shape of an integrally angled concave surface. The light emitting surface is formed into the shape of an externally angled convex surface. The reflecting mirror surface includes a central convex mirror surface portion which is oriented further downwards at a central portion of the reflecting mirror surface.

Abstract: A nonlinearity measuring method capable of measuring NLTS with a higher precision while taking the state of magnetization inversion of a preceding bit string into consideration. A constitution includes a first measuring section measuring a first predetermined higher harmonic component from a regenerated signal of the reference signal magnetically recorded on a medium, a second measuring section measuring a second predetermined higher harmonic component from regenerated signals with respect to plural kinds of signals to be measured magnetically recorded on the medium, and a calculating section calculating NLTS from the first component and the second component corresponding to each of the signals, wherein each of plural kinds of signals to be measured includes a magnetization inversion pattern string P1 preceding the objective bit to be measured of NLTS; thereby NLTS depending on the string P1 can be quantitatively measured easily.

Abstract: A disk writing apparatus includes: a temperature sensor sensing an ambient temperature of a disk; a sync mark generator generating a sync mark having a pattern when a writing temperature indicating an ambient temperature at which data is written on the disk is sensed, wherein the pattern of the sync mark corresponds to the sensed writing temperature; a writing controller outputting the writing temperature sensed by the temperature sensor to the sync mark generator; a multiplexer adding the sync mark generated by the sync mark generator to the data; and a writing unit writing the data to which the sync mark is added on the disk. Accordingly, error rates when data is written and when data is reproduced can be improved by optimally compensating for the disk writing temperature and the disk reproducing temperature using parameters of devices of an hard disk drive.