Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a light-emitting element that can be driven with low voltage or utilizes current more efficiently without damaging an organic compound, and a light-emitting element formed by the method. According to the present invention, a rubbing treatment is performed on a surface of an electrode on which an organic layer is formed so as to control a molecular arrangement of an organic compound included in the organic layer. A second electrode is formed over the organic compound.

Abstract: Provided are an organic electroluminescent device having better performances in luminous efficiency, device life and driving voltage, a display unit equipped with the same and a lighting instrument equipped with the same. The organic electroluminescent device comprises an electron transport layer containing a specific arylamine-substituted coumarin compound.

Abstract: Provided is an organic EL element including: a first electrode 13; a protection layer 15 that is formed on the first electrode 13 and has an opening portion through which the first electrode 13 is exposed; an insulation layer 17 that is formed on the protection layer 15; an organic layer 19 that is formed over the insulation layer 17 and the first electrode 13 exposed through the opening portion, and includes an emission layer; and a second electrode 21 formed on the organic layer 19, wherein a film thickness of the protection layer 15 is less than that of the organic layer 19.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes a transparent substrate, a transparent adhesive layer on the transparent substrate, a first transparent conductive layer on the transparent adhesive layer, a multi-layer epitaxial structure and a first electrode on the transparent conductive layer, and a second electrode on the multi-layer epitaxial structure. The multi-layer epitaxial structure includes a light-emitting layer. The transparent substrate has a first surface facing the transparent adhesive layer and a second surface opposite to the first surface, wherein the area of the second surface is larger than that of the light-emitting layer, and the area ratio thereof is not less than 1.6.

Abstract: Provided are a composition for an electron transport layer which can be wet coated at a low temperature, an electron transport layer manufactured by coating and drying the composition, and an organic electroluminescent device including the electron transport layer. The organic electroluminescent device including the electron transport layer manufactured by wet coating the composition for an electron transport layer has an improved electron injection into a light emitting layer, thereby having an excellent light emitting efficiency, low operating voltage, and improved lifespan.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display and a method of fabricating the same, and more particularly, an organic light emitting display in which the surface of a substrate contacted to a frit is made non-planar to improve an adhesive force and a method of fabricating the same are disclosed. The organic light emitting display includes a first substrate including a pixel region in which at least one organic light emitting diode (OLED) is formed and a non-pixel region formed on the outer circumference of the pixel region so that one region of the non-pixel region is made with one or more non-planar structures, a second substrate attached to the first substrate so that the OLED is encapsulated with a frit interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and contacted to the non-planar structures.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display includes a first substrate including a pixel region in which organic light emitting diodes are formed and a non-pixel region formed on the outer circumference of the pixel region. A second substrate is attached to the first substrate, and a sealing is provided between the first substrate and the second substrate. The sealing includes a first frit layer and a second frit layer which melts substantially more easily than the first frit layer upon irradiation of a laser or infrared beam thereto.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic light-emitting display device capable of blocking the infiltration of oxygen and moisture, etc. by encapsulating an array of pixels by interconnecting first and second substrates with a frit. The organic light-emitting display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate opposing the first substrate, an array of pixels interposed between the first and second substrates, and a frit positioned between the first and the second substrate to adhere the first substrate to the second substrate. The frit is formed to overlap with at least a part of scan drivers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of making a flat panel display device including a first substrate, an array of pixels, a second substrate opposing the first substrate, and a frit formed between the first substrate and the second substrate to encapsulate the array. A buffer layer is formed on the first substrate, an insulating film is formed on the buffer layer, and a portion of the insulating film is etched. A metal conductive line is formed on the etched portion and on the non-etched portion of the insulating film. A protective film is formed on the insulating film and the conductive line.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of making a flat panel display device. The flat panel display device includes a first substrate, an array of pixels formed on the first substrate, a second substrate opposing the first substrate, and a frit formed between the first substrate and the second substrate to encapsulate the array of pixels. On the first substrate, a buffer layer is formed, a first insulating film is formed on the buffer layer, and a first metal line is formed on the first insulating film. A second insulating film is formed, a second metal line is formed on the second insulating film, and a protective film formed on the upper of the second insulating film. A portion of the protective layer is etched to expose a portion of the second electrode. The frit overlaps with the portion of the second electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic light-emitting display device capable of blocking the infiltration of oxygen and moisture, etc. by encapsulating a first and a second substrate with a frit, simplifying the process and effectively preventing light leakage. In one embodiment, the organic light-emitting display device is a bottom emission type organic light-emitting display device including a first substrate with a pixel region including a plurality of organic light-emitting diodes and a non-pixel region around the pixel-region, a second substrate disposed on the upper part of the first substrate to be overlapped with the pixel region and at least part of the non-pixel region, and a frit formed in the entire inner side of the second substrate, wherein the frit corresponding to at least the non-pixel region is formed to be thicker than the frit overlapped with the pixel region, and the first and the second substrates are bonded to each other by the frit in the non-pixel region.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic light-emitting display device capable of blocking the infiltration of oxygen and moisture, etc., simplifying the process and effectively preventing light leakage. In one embodiment, the organic light-emitting display device is a double side emission type organic light-emitting display device having at least two pixel regions emitting light in different directions The device includes a first substrate with first and second pixel regions wherein a plurality of organic light-emitting diodes are formed.

Abstract: An EL panel which can retard the advance of external components more in a resin is provided. An EL panel 10 in accordance with the present invention comprises a substrate 12, an EL device 14 formed on the substrate 12, a sealing plate 16 facing the substrate 12 and covering the EL device 14 on the substrate 12, and a resin 20 interposed between the substrate 12 and sealing plate 16 and added a filler 22, wherein a predetermined cross section of the filler 22 forms a non-closed shape including a curved part 22a. Therefore, in the EL panel 10, an external component reaching the curved part 22a of the filler 22 by advancing through the resin 20 retracts along the curved part 22a in order to bypass the filler 22. The retraction of external components greatly extends their path. Consequently, the EL panel 10 in the present invention can retard the advance of external components in the resin 20 more than conventionally done.

Abstract: Provided is a plasma display panel that includes a plurality of substrates disposed facing each other, a plurality of discharge electrodes disposed within the substrates and a predetermined discharge voltage is applied to the discharge electrodes, barrier ribs which are disposed between the substrates and define discharge cells, and a plurality of phosphor layers coated in the discharge cells to emit a plurality of colors for color images, wherein a raw material for forming at least one phosphor layer of the phosphor layers is mixed in the barrier ribs. The plasma display panel can increase luminous efficiency of discharge cells that have low luminous efficiency and can increase color temperature at full white.

Abstract: A plasma display panel having improved luminous efficiency is disclosed. The plasma display panel according to an embodiment includes a first panel and a second panel. At least one pair of tips are formed at a dielectric layer disposed on the first panel at a surface thereof contacting a discharge space.

Abstract: The invention discloses a plasma display panel (PDP). The PDP grounds an exposed transparent conductive layer to the inner component thereof, so as to shield off electromagnetic interference (EMI). Accordingly, there is no metal structure in the second protective layer formed on the transparent conductive layer, such that the second protective layer can be easily attached onto the transparent conductive layer. Therefore, the manufacturing of PDP is getting much easier, and the yield rate will then increase.

Abstract: An external-electrode fluorescent lamp has two external electrodes disposed on its ends, wherein each external electrode has an extended portion flattened to form two substantially flat circumferential areas. With such flattened circumferential areas, the electric contact made to the conductive strip can be improved. For mounting a row of external-electrode fluorescent lamps, a mounting base with two electrically conductive strips are used. Each electrically conductive strip has a plurality of curved sections to fit the extended portion of the external electrode. The curved section has two substantially sidewalls to make contact with the flat circumferential areas of the extended portion of the external electrode. The extended portion can also be slightly tapered.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel compact fluorescent lamp with a helical discharge tube 2 and a tube piece 8 which is fitted to it and can serve to accommodate an Hg source 14 and also as an exhaust tube, and to a corresponding production process.

Abstract: Systems and methods presented herein provide for the control of electrical energy discharge from an electrode. In this regard, a sensor detects electrical energy discharged from the electrode and generates an electronic signal representative of a detected electrical energy discharge. Such a sensor may detect an electric field and/or light from the electrical energy discharge. The sensor may generate the electronic signal therefrom for subsequent processing. Accordingly, the system also includes a controller communicatively coupled to the sensor to determine a spurious discharge of the electrical energy discharge from the electrode. The controller processes the electronic signal to control at least one characteristic (e.g., voltage) of the electrical energy provided to the electrode. The controller may change a voltage of the electrical energy to the electrode in response to determining a spurious discharge of the electrical energy discharged from the electrode.

Abstract: A power supply circuit for plasma generation by which a large quantity of generated plasma can be smoothly obtained without increasing the sizes of an apparatus, a plasma generating apparatus, a plasma processing apparatus which can process a large quantity of objects to be processed at a low cost by using the plasma generating apparatus, and plasma processed objects having target quantities are realized. An electric discharge generating electrode is composed of two or more first electrodes and one or more second electrodes. An LC series circuit is provided by connecting a capacitor C and a coil L in series between one of outputs of an alternating high voltage generating circuit which generates an alternating high voltage to be applied between the electrodes of electric discharge generating electrode, and the first electrode.

Abstract: Discloses is an organic light emitting display device including a first substrate divided into a pixel region and a non-pixel region. An organic light emitting element includes a first electrode, an organic thin film layer and a second electrode formed in the pixel region. A scan driver and a metal film corresponding to a region of the scan driver are formed in the non-pixel region. A second substrate is spaced apart from the pixel region and the non-pixel region of the first substrate. A frit is formed along an edge of a non-pixel region of the second substrate, wherein the frit is formed so that it can be overlapped with an active area of the scan driver formed in the non-pixel region.

Abstract: A ballast operates lamps each including a pair of electrodes. A high frequency resonant circuit generates a high frequency bus, the resonant circuit is configured for operational coupling to the electrodes of each lamp, and includes a resonant inductor and a resonant capacitance.

Abstract: An apparatus supplies power to at least one discharge lamp. The apparatus includes a buck converter for regulating power supplied to at least one discharge lamp having a switching element driven by PWM pulses, and a control unit for supplying PWM pulses to the buck converter. The control unit includes a function for controlling an output power of the buck converter so as to be constant using PWM pulses of a first frequency; and a function for controlling an output voltage of the buck converter so as to be maximum using PWM pulses of a second frequency that is lower than the first frequency. The buck converter is capable of operating in discontinuous mode based on the PWM pulses of the second frequency.

Abstract: A control circuit for an inverter for driving a fluorescent lamp includes a first triangular wave signal generator for use in analog dimming control, and a second triangular wave signal generator for use in burst dimming. The first triangular wave signal generator oscillates at a frequency higher than that of the second triangular wave signal generator. A semiconductor substrate on which the control circuit is integrated is partitioned into at least two areas by a fixed potential wiring. A circuit block including the first triangular wave signal generator is placed in one of the areas, and a circuit block including the second triangular wave signal generator and the comparator for burst dimming is placed in the other area.

Abstract: There is provided a brushless motor drive control circuit capable of assuring an S/N ratio of a predetermined counter electromotive voltage and suppressing lowering of efficiency of a brushless motor at a high-speed rotation.

Abstract: Methods and devices for determining the position and/or angular orientation of a rotating shaft. Exemplary features include a sensor module and a position determination module. Sensor module may include a plurality of Hall Effect devices (HEDs) arranged at a specified angular separation to produce a signal in response to rotation of the shaft. Position module may be responsive to sensor module to produce a converted signal, determine an error term, and produce a position estimate. Converted signal may be produced by processing the HED signals into sinusoidal reference signals having offset scale and amplitude scale factors. Error term may be determined by processing the converted signals to produce an estimated position signal. Position estimate may be produced by processing the error term. Refined position measurement may be achieved by iterative elimination of regressive differences between position estimates with minimization of absolute magnitude of error term.

Abstract: When a HDD is operating at a temperature below a threshold, a partial sine wave is input to the spindle motor to activate the motor to reduce undesirable speed oscillations of the motor. At normal operating temperatures a full since wave is input for noise reduction.

Abstract: A first illustrative embodiment includes an actuator having both a Run state and a Hold state, the actuator including circuitry for detecting power supply abnormalities and causing the Run state to occur following a power supply abnormality. In another illustrative embodiment, the present invention includes an actuator having both a Run state and a Hold state, the actuator including a power detect circuit that keeps the actuator from entering the Hold state when the power supply is below a certain level.

Abstract: A servo drive with high speed wrapping function is applied for servo control of wrapping wire and method for the same. The servo drive includes a wrapping mechanism, a rotation control unit for controlling rotation of the wrapping mechanism, a lateral motion control unit for controlling lateral movement of the wrapping mechanism, a potentiometer, and an upper-layer controller. The lateral motion control unit of the servo drive cooperates with a command processor such that an inverter command of an inverter is calculated by wrapping parameter, external activating signal and a thickness detection signal. The induction motor is activated to drive the wrapping mechanism and an encoder linked with the induction motor moves the wrapping mechanism for lateral movement such that the wire is guided between two ends of wrapping cylinder.

Abstract: A method of optimizing a servo controller power required in the operation of two-dimensional flexure (Microelectronic Memory Storage) MEMS devices. Furthermore, provided is an arrangement for optimizing servo controller power in a two-dimensional flexure MEMS storage device through a utilization of the inventive method.

Abstract: A motor control apparatus 1 that controls a rotation speed of a motor driven according to a speed command includes an abnormal-rotation detector 21 which determines that the motor is in an abnormal-rotation state, such as a runaway, when a speed deviation Ver obtained by subtracting a detection speed TSA of a motor rotation from a speed command VCMD is equal to or larger than a threshold value, when a sign of a product of acceleration ?TSA obtained by subtracting a last detection speed from a detection speed this time that is detected in a predetermined cycle and a torque command Tc obtained by proportionally integrating the speed deviation is negative, and when an integration value VerSUM of the speed deviation Ver exceeds a predetermined value ALMlevel. With this arrangement, an abnormal rotation of the motor can be instantly detected even during acceleration or deceleration of the motor, thereby increasing the performance of protecting the motor.

Abstract: At least three alternative stiff current supply power converter topologies provide fixed current to a respective electric load such as a motor, or a non-inductive electric load using either a current source or a pseudo current source. The stiff current power converter topologies reduce the size of passive components within each of the topologies, thus reducing the overall packaging of each of the components and subsystems formed by each of the components. Each of the topologies have a stiff current source, a driver having power electronics formed therein to drive the associated electric load, wherein the stiff current source and the driver operate to deliver a stiff but controllable current to the electric load.

Abstract: An electric power converter which has improved accuracy in compensation of a dead time. A motor driving system employing the electric power converter is also provided. A power module includes a plurality of switching devices connected in series and converts DC power to AC power. A control circuit produces a voltage command value in accordance with a control command inputted from the exterior, and produces gate signals to drive the switching devices of the power module corresponding to a final voltage command value which is obtained from the voltage command value with dead time compensation. A dead time compensation logic circuit calculates a final dead time compensation voltage based on a change rate of the voltage command value, a gain (dead time compensation voltage value), and a polarity of a current, the gain being calculated from a DC voltage value supplied to the electric power converter, a dead time, and a switching frequency.

Abstract: A smart power conversion and control system and method converts source AC power at a first voltage level to DC power at a second voltage level that is less than the first voltage level. Upon receipt of a command signal, a portion of the system is enabled to further convert the source AC power to regulated DC power at a voltage level that is less than the first voltage level and greater than the second voltage level. One or more relatively high voltage DC loads are then energized with the regulated DC power. When the portion of the system is not enabled, the source AC power is not converted.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an electric motor, in which a current controller giving multiphase voltage commands to a drive circuit for an inverter includes a normal-mode current controller for use in a normal mode, an abnormal-mode current controller for use in an abnormal mode, and an abnormality decision device. In a case of an abnormality occurring to one phase of an electric motor or the inverter, the controller is altered, and the abnormal-mode multiphase voltage commands which are generated by the abnormal-mode current controller are set as the multiphase voltage commands for the inverter drive circuit.

Abstract: When a battery pack, comprising an overcurrent protection section for stopping, when a current greater than a first threshold value passes, a current supply, is connected to a power supply terminal of an information processing apparatus, the information processing apparatus draws a current greater than the first threshold value. Thereafter, an output current and output voltage of the battery pack are detected, thereby measuring a time period from when a current drawing section draws the current greater than the first threshold value to when the battery pack stops the current supply. When the measured time period is within a first predetermined time range, the battery pack is permitted to supply an electric power. On the other hand, when the measured time period is not in the first predetermined time range, the battery pack is prohibited from supplying the electric power.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an automotive electrical system including a FET based rectifier and method of controlling the FET based rectifier without using either an alternator shaft position sensor or current sensors on each phase of the alternator output to control the switching of the FETs. In accordance with the teachings herein, the voltage and current on the DC bus of the automotive electrical system are sensed and switching of the FETs is controlled by a microcontroller that determines the appropriate switching times based on these sensed parameters.

Abstract: The invention intends to provide a technique that achieves a sufficient phase margin with ease. The circuit includes a power supply circuit that is formed with a phase compensating resistor and a phase compensating capacitor, between a second input terminal of a differential amplifier and a low supply voltage. Thereby, the first pole frequency in the overall gain is determined by the first pole frequency in the voltage-dividing resistor stage in the Bode diagram for the pole/zero compensation, which is shifted to a lower frequency. Also, the zero point cancels the first pole frequency in the differential amplifier stage, which reduces the phase delay to secure the phase margin.

Abstract: For a DC-to-DC converter including a plurality of channels for converting an input voltage to an output voltage, a control circuit comprises a load transient detector to detect the output voltage to provide a quick response signal. In a load transient, the quick response signal triggers a quick transient response period to increase the operational frequency of the converter.

Abstract: A constant voltage circuit is disclosed that includes an output voltage control transistor outputting a current to an output terminal; a first error amplifier circuit part controlling the operation of the output voltage control transistor; a second error amplifier circuit part causing the output voltage control transistor to increase the output current when there is a rapid decrease in an output voltage from the output terminal; and a current limiting circuit part controlling the operation of the output voltage control transistor so as to prevent the output current therefrom from exceeding a first predetermined value by gradually decreasing the output current and the output voltage alternately when the output current is greater than or equal to the first predetermined value. The current limiting circuit part stops the operation of the second error amplifier circuit part when the output voltage is less than or equal to a second predetermined value.

Abstract: A switching control circuit is provided which can increase the off period of a switching element when the on period of the switching element is equal to the sum of the minimum pulse period (blanking period (a fixed period during which drain current is not detected after the switching element is turned on)) and a detection delay period (a period from when the drain current is equal to or higher than a detection criterion to when the switching element is actually turned off) and PWM control is disabled. An off period adjusting circuit generates, when the on period of the switching element is equal to the minimum pulse period, an adjusting signal OFF_C for increasing the off period of the switching element and supplies the signal to an on/off circuit for controlling the periodic on/off operation of the switching element.

Abstract: A switched mode converter is disclosed that includes both voltage mode and current mode control. The switched mode converter also includes mode logic for switching between a voltage mode and a current mode. The converter includes current sensing circuitry for sensing the switcher current on the primary side of the transformer and the load current on the secondary side as well as voltage sensing circuitry for sensing the converter output voltage. When the load current is less than a predetermined value, the converter operates in a voltage mode. During the voltage mode, the output voltage of the voltage mode controller is used to control the duty cycle of a pulse width modulation (PWM) controller. When the load current is greater than a predetermined value, the converter operates in a current mode. In a current mode, the primary switcher current is used to control the PWM controller.

Abstract: A control system comprises a DC/DC converter that includes first and second inductances, that receives a first DC voltage and that generates a second DC voltage. A control module selectively charges or discharges the first inductance while discharging or charging the second inductance during a first mode and one of charges both of the first and second inductances or discharges both of the first and second inductances during a second mode.

Abstract: The mobile device for powering, recharging and/or controlling a height-fixed electric appliance includes a first connection structure which can co-operate with a second connection structure, belonging to an electrically-operating appliance. The first connection structure is disposed at the end of a stick or similar element, housing a linking means which connects the first connection structure to the control device, disposed at the other end of the stick or similar element.

Abstract: A DC to DC converter to convert an input voltage to an output voltage. The DC to DC converter may include a pair of switches including a high side switch and a low side switch, an inductor coupled to the pair of switches; and a controller. The controller may be configured to estimate a zero crossing of an inductor current through the inductor without directly measuring said inductor current. An associated method is also provided.

Abstract: A step-down switching regulator that converts an input voltage to a predetermined lower voltage than the input voltage for output as an output voltage which includes a first switch, an inductor, a second switch, a controller and a detector to detect a proportional voltage of the output voltage and output detection results to the controller when the proportional voltage exceeds a first predetermined reference voltage, or falls below a second predetermined reference voltage which is lower than the first predetermined reference voltage. The controller shuts the first switch off when the proportional voltage exceeds the first predetermined reference voltage and shuts the second switch off when the proportional voltage falls below the second predetermined reference voltage.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed to adjust a current limit in a switching regulator. One example switching regulator includes a switch to be coupled to an energy transfer element of a power supply. A controller to generate a drive signal is coupled to control switching of the switch to regulate an output of the power supply. A current limiter is included in the controller to adjust the drive signal to limit a current though the switch to a variable current limit value. The variable current limit value is set by the current limiter in response to an input line voltage to be coupled to the energy transfer element.

Abstract: Disclosed is a reference voltage circuit which includes control means for exercising control so as to equalize a divided voltage that is output from a first current-to-voltage converting circuit having a diode-connected MOS transistor and voltage-dividing resistors and a divided voltage that is output from a second current-to-voltage converting circuit having a diode-connected MOS transistor and voltage-dividing resistors; a first current mirror circuit having a non-linear input/output characteristic for supplying currents to the first and second current-to-voltage converting circuits, respectively; a second current mirror circuit having a linear input/output characteristic for outputting a current proportional to the value of the current supplied to the first current-to-voltage converting circuit; and a third current mirror circuit having a linear input/output characteristic for outputting a current proportional to the value of the current supplied to the second current-to-voltage converting circuit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a reference voltage generating circuit comprising a first reference current circuit including first and second current-to-voltage converting circuits, control means for exercising control in such a manner that prescribed output voltages of the first and second current-to-voltage converting circuits become equal, and a first current mirror circuit for supplying currents to respective ones of the first and second current-to-voltage converting circuits; a second reference current circuit having third and fourth current-to-voltage converting circuits, control means for exercising control in such a manner that prescribed output voltages of the third and fourth current-to-voltage converting circuits become equal, and a second current mirror circuit which has a linear input/output characteristic, for supplying currents to respective ones of the third and fourth current-to-voltage converting circuits; and means for outputting a difference current between output current of the first reference current circ

Abstract: The measurement unit measures a voltage by converting it from analog to digital and outputs a measurement value. The changeover unit, being connected to a battery and a reference voltage source generating a highly accurate fixed voltage, selects one of them and applies it to the measurement unit. The voltage value output unit makes the changeover unit select a fixed voltage generated by a predetermined voltage source, makes the measurement unit measure it as a reference voltage and generates calculation-use information for calculating a voltage value from a measurement result based on a measurement value of the fixed voltage and a voltage value of the reference voltage. The voltage value output unit, when making the changeover unit select a voltage of the battery and making the measurement unit measure it, uses the measurement value of it and the calculation-use information to calculate and output a voltage value of the battery.