Abstract: An apparatus and method is disclosed to display visual information in a swimming pool at least partially filled with water. The method disposes a plurality of light emitting devices on a surface of a swimming pool comprising a length, a plurality of sides and a bottom, wherein the surface is selected from the group consisting of one or more of the plurality of sides and the bottom. The method further sequentially energizes one or more of the light emitting devices.

Abstract: A TV main body (3) is connected, in a communication-enabled manner, with a wireless center that is connected to one or more external devices, The TV main body (3) receiving image and/or sound data from the wireless center. The TV main body (3) includes: an SS transmitting/receiving unit (61) for performing communication with the wireless center; and a TV microcomputer (64) for controlling the operation of the TV main body (3).

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method, a device and a system for implementing directional broadcast in mobile data broadcasting. In the method, upon receiving a broadcast message from a content server, a network element processes the broadcast message according to first location information carried in the broadcast message and second location information in the network element. In the embodiments of the present invention, with the first location information carried in the broadcast message and the second location information set in the network element, upon receiving the broadcast message, the network element processes the broadcast message according to the first location information and the second location information, so that the content server may implement directional broadcast for a special location area without directly accessing a directional location area, which reduces the network complexity.

Abstract: A display system that communicates with existing automated meter reading communications systems to provide information to a user. The display includes a radio that listens to communications between a utility meter and the reading system. When the display recognizes a particular utility meter identifier, it captures meter read information and stores it in memory. The information may then be presented to the user. Alternatively, a broadcast message may be communicated, that when received by the display, causes the display to extract information from the receiver. A manual override button may be provided to allow a user to manually request information from the meter. The display will extract information from the meter upon receipt of the manual request.

Abstract: An integral traffic signal, sign and information display device is comprised of LED array combined with traffic signal unit, traffic sign unit and traffic information unit, each unit having several pixels in a matrix pattern, each pixel being comprised with red, green and blue LED; traffic signal driver, traffic sign driver and traffic information driver for operating the red, green and blue LIED of each unit; controller for controlling each driver so that each unit the corresponding color; and communication unit receiving the traffic information transmitted from the traffic information center and transferring the traffic information to the controller. Various traffic boards can be made into a single board nice and neat. With even single device, much traffic information can be offered to the driver and the pedestrian.

Abstract: The device (1) comprises means (14) for detecting all the aircraft in the vicinity and means (2) for presenting, on a display screen (4) illustrating a vertical plane, characteristic symbols indicating the positions of these aircraft in the vicinity.

Abstract: A method and system is provided for the output of an information message in a vehicle, whereby an information message is stored, the current location of the vehicle is determined, a driver of the vehicle triggers an assignment of a stored information message to a location, and the information message assigned to a location is automatically emitted when the vehicle is situated at this location.

Abstract: A handheld electronic device useful for wireless communication has a keyboard including a plurality of externally accessible keys and each key has at most, one letter associated therewith. The keys can be disabled (i.e. the keyboard can be locked) to prevent accidental actuation thereof by using the navigation tool which has a depressible rolling member. Thus, for example, depression of the rolling member twice in succession or pressing and holding the rolling member down temporarily enables the keyboard lock. The lock can be disabled simply by depressing the rolling member and at least one other key.

Abstract: A handheld electronic device useful for wireless communication has a keyboard including a plurality of externally accessible keys, of which at least a portion have multiple letters associated therewith. The keys can be disabled (i.e. the keyboard can be locked) to prevent accidental actuation thereof by using the navigation tool which has a depressible rolling member. Thus, for example, depression of the rolling member twice in succession or pressing and holding the rolling member down temporarily enables the keyboard lock. The lock can be disabled simply by depressing the rolling member and at least one other key.

Abstract: A directional controller for a device is provided. The directional controller consists of keypad contacts, a keyboard, and a button. The keypad contacts are on a printed circuit board. The keyboard has more than four keys and each key is disposed adjacent to one of the keypad contacts. The button is operable for pivoting engagement with the more than four keys to promote contact between the more than four keys and the adjacent one of the keypad contacts.

Abstract: A hand-held device is provided. The hand-held device includes a rotary wheel, a switch, a character region, and a controller. The rotary wheel has a plurality of positioning inputs. The character region includes a plurality of icons corresponding to the positioning inputs. Each icon includes a character. The controller is responsive to operation on the rotary wheel and the switch, and inputs a corresponding character. The above-mentioned rotary wheel can replace keyboard in the hand-held device.

Abstract: The present invention provides an entropy coding method for coding video prediction residual coefficients, comprising the steps of: firstly, zig-zag scanning coefficients of blocks to be coded to form a sequence of (level, run) pairs; secondly, selecting a type of code table for coding a current image block to be coded according to a type of macro block; then switching and coding each (level, run) pair in the obtained sequence of (level, run) pairs with multiple tables, with the reverse zig-zag scanning order for the coding order of the pairs; at last, coding a flag of End of Block EOB with the current code table. The present invention of an entropy coding method for coding video prediction residual coefficients fully considers the context information and the rules of symbol's conditional probability distribution by designing different tables for different block types and different regions of level. The coding efficiency is improved and no impact to computational implementation complexity is involved.

Abstract: Techniques for efficiently performing computation for signal and data processing are described. For multiplication-free processing, a series of intermediate values is generated based on an input value for data to be processed. At least one intermediate value in the series is generated based on at least one other intermediate value in the series. One intermediate value in the series is provided as an output value for a multiplication of the input value with a constant value. The constant value may be an integer constant, a rational constant, or an irrational constant. An irrational constant may be approximated with a rational dyadic constant having an integer numerator and a denominator that is a power of twos. The multiplication-free processing may be used for various transforms (e.g., DCT and IDCT), filters, and other types of signal and data processing.

Abstract: An ACS circuit includes: a basic DPM retaining section (11) for retaining basic DPMs (differential path metrics); a basic DPM calculating section (12) for calculating the basic DPMs; a reference DPM calculating section (13) for calculating reference DPMs, which are DPMs other than the basic DPMs; a basic DBM calculating section (14) for calculating basic DBMs (differential branch metrics), which are DBMs necessary for calculating the basic DPMs; and a path selecting section (15) for selecting the most likely paths for Viterbi decoding in accordance with the basic DPMs, the reference DPMs and the basic DBMs. The basic DPM calculating section (12) calculates new basic DPMs in accordance with the basic DPMs, the reference DPMs, the basic DBMs, and the results of the most likely path selection by the path selecting section (15).

Abstract: A method for compensating a power amplifier based on operational-based changes begins by measuring one of a plurality of operational parameters of the power amplifier to produce a measured operational parameter. The method continues by comparing the measured operational parameter with a corresponding one of a plurality of desired operational parameter settings. The method continues by, when the comparing of the measured operational parameter with the corresponding one of a plurality of desired operational parameter settings is unfavorable, determining a difference between the measured operational parameter and the corresponding one of a plurality of desired operational parameter settings. The method continues by calibrating the one of the plurality of operational settings based on the difference.

Abstract: A multifunction radio for receiving radio signals from and sending transmissions to multiple radio systems comprises an antenna and a transmit/receive switch coupled to the antenna. The radio further comprises a receiver section coupled to the transmit/receive switch and configured to receive radio signals from one or more multiple radio systems. The receiver section includes a digital downconverter configured to digitally downconvert radio signals sent from one or more of the multiple radio systems and a digital signal processor coupled to the digital downconverter for processing the downconverted signals. A transmitter section is coupled to the transmit/receive switch and configured to generate a transmission signal for reception by one or more of the multiple radio systems.

Abstract: A method and arrangement of reducing inter-symbol interference occurring at the digital to analog conversion of a one bit digital signal is provided. During the generation of the one-bit digital signal in a sigma-delta converter the edge-density of the digital signal is measured, the result of the measurement is multiplied with the digital signal and the result of the multiplication is added to the input of the quantizer generating the digital signal. The invention also covers storage media comprising a one-bit digital signal generated in accordance with the invention.

Abstract: A digital-to-analog converter has a reference value source, a reference value divider arrangement with a tap, a first switch arrangement which is designed to produce an electrical connection between the tap and a first output of the digital-to-analog converter, and a second switch arrangement which is designed to produce an electrical connection between the tap and a second output of the digital-to-analog converter.

Abstract: Analog supply for an analog circuit and process for supplying an analog signal to an analog circuit. The analog supply includes a noise filter having a variable resistor, and a control device coupled to adjust the variable resistor. The control device is structured and arranged to set the resistance of the variable resistor to maximize noise filtering and optimize performance of the analog circuit.

Abstract: A method for operating a signal converter, and a signal converter is disclosed. One embodiment has at least one register and a plurality of input channels, wherein information stored in the register is variably assignable to at least one of the plurality of input channels by one or a plurality of corresponding assignment bits.

Abstract: A differential analog to digital converter (ADC) comprises a first resistance ladder leg including two resistances having first ends that communicate with a middle node. A second resistance ladder leg includes two resistances having first ends that communicate with a middle node. A first amplifier applies a voltage based upon a first phase of an input signal to said middle node of said first resistance ladder leg. A second amplifier applies a voltage based upon a second phase of the input signal to said middle node of said second resistance ladder leg.

Abstract: A radar apparatus including units for transmitting and receiving an electric wave to detect a target, a unit for detecting wave interference caused by surroundings, a unit for controlling the modulation state of the transmitted wave, a communication unit for acquiring modulation state information being used by the other radar apparatuses, and a unit for selecting such a modulation state as to avoid interference with the modulation state information when the wave interference detecting unit detects the wave interference.

Abstract: A semiconductor device for an ultra-wideband standard for ultra-high-frequency communication includes an ultra-wideband semiconductor chip and a multilayer circuit substrate with at least one lower metal layer and one upper metal layer, in which an ultra-wideband circuit with passive devices is arranged. The lower metal layer has external contact pads on which external contacts are arranged, via which the semiconductor device can be surface-mounted on a circuit board. In addition, the semiconductor device has an antenna which is operatively coupled to the ultra-wideband semiconductor chip via the circuit on the circuit substrate and is arranged above the semiconductor chip and the circuit substrate.

Abstract: Guided wave radar (GWR) pulses are launched onto an electromagnetic guide wire using a compact launcher that includes an impedance matching element. The impedance matching element produces reflections that cancel launcher reflections. Short range echoes can be accurately detected after impedance matching. GWR operation in small tanks and in tanks containing low dielectric constant materials, such as propane, can be enhanced with the compact impedance-matched launcher.

Abstract: A method of detecting radar returns and measuring their parameters with or without clutter present and no clutter cancellation employed which includes transmitting at least one pulse; processing the returns surpassing a threshold detected in one range azimuth bin and by processing and separating out the returns based on their different range and azimuth. Another method includes transmission of many pulses and has minimum of one channel return surpassing detected threshold, which is detected in one range Doppler bin. The method also includes processing and thereby separating out the returns based on their different radial velocity and or azimuth and comparing the returns to a database of expected returns and adaptively processing returns that do not correspond to the expected returns. The method identifies the non-corresponding returns as indicative of at least one of clutter, land sea interface, clutter discretes and antenna sidelobe returns each without utilizing clutter cancellation.

Abstract: A correlation processor for a receiver is capable of carrying out a correlation process with highly suppressed side lobes, improved resolution, and minimized S/N loss. The correlation processor is provided for a receiver that receives a signal having a specific time width and shape, for carrying out a correlation process on the received signal. The correlation processor has a filter coefficient unit to calculate a coefficient vector that zeroes sample values of all sample points except a peak center sample point of a main lobe of a correlation-processed waveform of the received signal and sample points on each side of the peak center and minimizes S/N loss of the sample value of the peak center sample point of the main lobe and a filter to carry out a correlation process on the received signal according to the coefficient vector calculated by the filter coefficient unit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for maintaining integrity of long-term-orbit information used by a Global-Navigation-Satellite-System or other positioning receiver is described. The method comprises obtaining a predicted pseudorange from a first set of long-term-orbit information possessed by a positioning receiver; obtaining, at the positioning receiver from at least one satellite, a measured pseudorange; determining validity of the predicted pseudorange as a function of the predicted pseudorange and the measured pseudorange; and excluding from the long-term-orbit information at least a portion thereof when the validity of the predicted pseudorange is deemed invalid. Optionally, the method may comprise updating or otherwise supplementing the long-term-orbit information with other orbit information if the validity of the predicted pseudorange is deemed invalid.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for locating position of a GPS device is described. In one example, a method for provisioning a mobile device with a model for determining a position of the mobile device in at least one geographic area is provided. The method includes obtaining an estimate of the position of the mobile device, forming one or more satellite orbit models from the estimate and a wide area model, and sending the at least one satellite orbit model to the mobile device. The wide area model is formed from measurements from a plurality of satellites of a Global Positioning System, and the measurements are obtained by a plurality of reference stations.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for locating position of a GPS device is described. In one example, a multi-function mobile device, which is operable to communicate with a data network using a radio frequency signal and to determine a position based on a positioning signal, includes processing elements, at least one memory, and a host processor. The processing elements are operable to perform real-time calculations with the positioning signal. The memory, which is coupled to the processing elements, is operable to receive and store, in real time, results of the real-time calculations. The results include a correlation relating the position signal with a source of the position signal and a delay value associated with the source. The host processor is operable to (i) retrieve the results from the memory, (ii) process the results to generate positioning information, and (iii) perform calculations for communicating with the data network.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention pertain to methods and systems for communicating information to a roving positioning device. In one embodiment, a cellular communication device, a non-cellular wireless communication device, and a computer networking device for forwarding data packets are coupled with a bus. A request originating from a roving positioning device for a location-specific position correction is received via the non-cellular wireless communication device. A controller coupled with the bus causes the request to be forwarded via the cellular communication device.

Abstract: To obtain highly reliable position guarantee that makes it difficult for data to be tampered with and allows a prompt response. A position guarantee server includes: a communication section that receives from a positioning terminal transmission data including encoded data of a positioning code and a carrier wave from a positioning satellite by using the identification code of the positioning terminal itself; a decoding section (23) that stores the identification code of the positioning terminal and decodes the transmission data by using the identification code; a position computing section (24) that computes the position of the positioning terminal based on the positioning code decoded and the carrier wave decoded by the decoding section; and a certificate generating section (22) that certifies position information that is obtained by the position computing section.

Abstract: A method for providing information to a GPS receiver includes selecting an apparent location and receiving positioning information corresponding to the positions of a plurality of satellites. The positioning information is combined and transmitted as a radio frequency signal that can be received by a GPS receiver. When the GPS receiver demodulates the radio frequency signal and calculates its position, the calculated position will be approximately at the apparent location, regardless of where the GPS receiver is physically located.

Abstract: A method for operating a CDMA communications device includes receiving at an antenna array M different summations from a mixture of source signals provided by M signal sources, and providing the M different summations to a receiver assembly. The receiver assembly includes a first signal path and a second signal path parallel to the first signal path. In the first signal path, a mixing matrix including the M different summations of the M source signals is formed, and at least one source signal is separated from the mixing matrix. A determination is made if the separated source signal is an interferer source signal. In the second signal path, the M different summations are delayed corresponding to a delay introduced in the first signal path. The first signal path provides to a summer the separated source signal if the separated source signal is an interferer source signal, and the second signal path provides to the summer the M different summations after being delayed.

Abstract: A system and method for estimating the range between two devices performs two or more ranging estimates with subsequent estimates performed using a clock that is offset in phase with respect to a prior estimate. The subsequent estimate allows estimate uncertainties due to a finite clock resolution to be reduced and can yield a range estimate with a higher degree of confidence. In one embodiment, these additional ranging estimates are performed at n/N (for n=1, . . . N?1, with N>1 and a positive integer) clock-period offset introduced in the device. The clock-period offset can be implemented using a number of approaches, and the effect of clock drift in the devices due to relative clock-frequency offset can also be determined. To eliminate the bias due to clock-frequency offset, a system and method to estimate the clock-frequency offset is also presented.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for finding the direction to an emitter source by determining the spatial frequency of a signal received from the source in a sensor panel and comparing the spatial frequency with the instantaneous frequency. The panel includes a first matrix of sensors and a second matrix of sensors interleaved with the first matrix. The spatial frequency is determined by comparing the signals received by the first and second sensor matrices.

Abstract: Security of ADS-B transmissions is improved in a first embodiment to detect position spoofing. The annunciated position source may then be compared with the derived source and a determination is made regarding the difference between the results. Any position difference greater than an amount significantly greater than the combination of the error sources is then a cause for concern and can be used to generate an alert. In a second embodiment, alerting may be based on identification spoofing. From these sources a correlated ID is available which will have an associated confidence based on the number of sources and the level of agreement on the information. Aircraft dynamics may be correlated with the announced ID for consistency. A priori information on the aircraft and location, such as schedule information, and normal operations, may be used to assist in the confidence of aircraft identity. In a third embodiment, alerting may be based on spoofing of identity and position.

Abstract: A flat, ultra wideband, unidirectional antenna is disclosed, the antenna may comprise a pair of active elements having the shape of substantially half-circles or half-ellipsoids made of thin conductive material and a ground element made of thin conductive material placed parallel and against to the active electrodes and spaced from them, the antenna having a nominal gain of at least 6 dbi and variations of gain in that range of +/?1.5 dbi at its bore sight.

Abstract: A phased array antenna may include a first flexible layer, in turn, including a plurality of phased array antenna elements. The phased array antenna may further include a second flexible layer including an electrically conductive material that serves as a ground plane for the phased array antenna elements. In addition, spacer members may be between the first and second flexible layers to permit movement thereof between a collapsed-together stowed position and a spaced-apart deployed position.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a multilayer planar array antenna. The antenna includes a waveguide, a first dielectric layer, a radiating unit, a second dielectric layer, parasitic elements, and a feeding cover unit. The waveguide is configured to transmit signals. The first dielectric layer stacked on the waveguide. The radiating unit is formed in such a way that a plurality of radiating elements and a plurality of radiating element feeding portions, which are arranged on the first dielectric layer, are formed thereon, so that a dually polarized wave is transmitted and received in a single plane. The second dielectric layer is stacked on the radiating unit. The parasitic elements are formed on the second dielectric layer to correspond to the respective radiating elements. The feeding cover unit is formed on the parasitic elements to correspond to the plurality of radiating element feeding portions.

Abstract: A system and method for an antenna which is constructed into or conforming onto the roof or wall of a cargo container is provided. The antenna system may have multiple antennas for short range wireless, cellular, global positioning, or satellite built into a single functional element. The antenna system may utilize a patch or phased array design. The method of construction of the antenna system may as part of the container fabricated or installed at the factory, applied as an adhesive film kit, or applied as a successive spray coating and etching process.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention is an apparatus, comprising a tunable antenna including a variable reactance network connected to the antenna a closed loop control system adapted to sense the RF voltage across the variable reactance network and adjust the reactance of the network to maximize the RF voltage. The variable reactance network may comprise a parallel capacitance or a series capacitance. Further, the variable reactance networks may be connected to the antenna, which may be a patch antenna, a monopole antenna, or a slot antenna.

Abstract: An asymmetrical flat antenna contains an insulation layer. The antenna also contains a conductive power supply pattern that is provided on the insulation layer and a conductive antenna pattern that extends from the power supply pattern and is provided on the insulation layer. The conductive antenna pattern has an asymmetrical configuration with respect to the power supply pattern.

Abstract: A circuit with an integral antenna, including a hybrid circuit on a substrate, a patch antenna that is adapted to be positioned at a pre-selected distance above the hybrid circuit and coupled to the hybrid circuit to form a single physical unit, a feeder that electronically connects between the hybrid circuit and the patch antenna.

Abstract: In a broadband antenna unit having a ground plate and an elliptically shaped radiation element disposed at an upper portion of the ground plate in a plane where the ground plate extends, the ground plate has a semi-elliptically shaped upper edge and a lower portion where both side corner portions are deleted with a central portion left. The ground plate and the radiation element are formed on a substrate.

Abstract: An antenna system includes a dielectric structure formed on a substrate; an antenna, partially within the dielectric structure, and supported by the dielectric structure; a reflective surface formed on the substrate. A shield blocks radiation from a portion of the antenna and from at least some of the dielectric structure. The shield is supported by the dielectric structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a portable communication device and an antenna system. The device comprises an antenna feeding circuit and at least a first part having a hollow interior where different electrical elements are provided and provided with a main section having a certain width, length and a first height, and an antenna system. The antenna system comprises a ground plane (22, 24) located within and extending along essentially the whole width and length of at least the main section and an antenna element (28) located within the first part. The ground plane is provided in one piece and the only electrical elements of the first part being electrically connected to say ground plane are radio transmission elements.

Abstract: An antenna configuration for a flip type mobile phone is disclosed. The antenna configuration is designed to reduce, to a hearing aid compatibility (HAC) M3 rating or better, any scattered EM field effects that can cause interference to an active hearing aid. The antenna configuration comprises a halfwave type antenna extendable from the lower portion of the mobile phone. The antenna does not share the same vertical axis as the lower portion of the mobile phone when extended. Rather, it forms a tilt angle (?) that extends the antenna away from the upper portion of the mobile phone creating a greater separation distance between the speaker and the antenna. An antenna feed contact couples the antenna to components within the mobile phone. An antenna matching network can tune and attenuate the antenna configuration to enhance operation in the GSM frequency bands.

Abstract: Various embodiments of an internal diversity antenna architecture are described. In one embodiment, a wireless device may include a housing enclosing a printed circuit board, a first diversity antenna, and a second diversity antenna internal to the housing. The second diversity antenna may be positioned substantially near the bottom of the housing or the bottom the printed circuit board. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antenna for WWAN and an integrated antenna for WWAN, WLAN, and GPS. The integrated antenna comprises a ground metal plate, a coupled WWAN antenna, a WLAN antenna, an auxiliary grounding element, and at least one supporting element. The integrated antenna of the invention can be applied to a wireless electronic device with WWAN and WLAN by utilizing the coupled WWAN antenna to induce a WWAN frequency and the WLAN antenna to induce a WLAN frequency. In addition, the ground metal plate and the auxiliary grounding element are selectively connected or not connected to a ground end of the wireless electronic device, and can be separately used to provide grounding effect. Therefore, the integrated antenna can be mounted on any part of the wireless electronic device, and can have stable electrical characteristic.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an information processing apparatus includes a display unit on which an antenna is mounted, an LCD provided on the display unit, and a controller which controls the amount of radiation of an electromagnetic wave from the antenna, when the antenna is located in a downward direction of an image displayed on the LCD.