Abstract: A kind of block for building wall and the wall built with said blocks. There are many analogous blocks laid to overlap and stagger with upper/nether block continuously in said wall. The block extends lengthways and comprises top surface (1), bottom surface (2) and two end surfaces (3); the cross section thereof on the whole is a converse trumpet shape; the top surface (1) has a mid ridge (4) higher than the two sides of the surface so as to form the left/right supporting slope (5); the top surface (1) and the bottom surface (2) are formed in this way: when a block overlap with a analogous block thereunder to form a wall, the left and right supporting slope (5) become a blocking structure to lock the two blocks neighbored up and down, the raised dimension of the mid ridge (4) can cut off space-time trochoid. This invention also provides the assistant blocks, which cooperate with said blocks when building wall.

Abstract: The present invention provides in one aspect for a bracket for use in a metal stud wall having internal bridging members for tying the metal studs and bridging members together. The bracket comprises an L shaped bracket having a leg for overlying the bridging member joined to an upright for overlying the metal stud. The outside corners of the leg and upright of the L shaped bracket are truncated so that the bracket may be inserted within the channel of a metal stud and rotated to the proper position for attaching to the bridging member and metal stud. In an aspect of the invention, there is provided a bridging member for a metal stud partition wall, the bridging member being provided with openings at regular intervals along its length thereof to aid in spacing of the studs in the metal stud partition wall. In an aspect of the invention, the bracket is provided with a downwardly extending tab at the junction of the leg and the upright sized to fit within the opening of the bridging member.

Abstract: The invention relates to a profiled rail system for covering joints between bottom and/or wall linings, consisting of a base rail and a covering rail which are connected by means of an intermediately placed retaining part, wherein the base rail is provided with an upright web with a retaining head formed on one end and which is held by the intermediately placed retaining part such that it is rotationally moveable and the retaining part is embodied essentially as a U-shaped rail which is open in a downward direction and provided with retaining elements, wherein the outer walls of the U-shaped rail are held by webs formed in a downward direction on the covering rail.

Abstract: A self-seal ring for creating a water tight seal around a nail used in affixing a roof shingle, underlayment and insulation to a roof deck. Also disclosed is a method for installing the self-seal ring and nail to the underlying support.

Abstract: A cart that uniformly transverses floor decking that has sequential peaks and valleys. The cart comprises a wheel assembly having an array of wheels forming rows and columns of wheels positioned under the cart wherein at any given instant of time a number of the wheels of the rows and columns contact peaks of the floor decking and while other wheels extend over and free from contacting the valleys such that the cart uniformly traverses the floor decking.

Abstract: A structural system that is capable of absorbing high impactive and impulsive loads comprises of the following elements: (a) Main Structure: should be one of certain types of structures such as: containments, reservoirs, tanks, storages, etc. (b) Crushable Filling Layer: a layer made of crushable, thermally isolating and fire resisting material surrounding the outer walls of the main structure and filling a space between the main structure and an outer shield. (c) Outer Shield: an outside hardened structure fixed by an anchorage system and resting on a sliding-plane. (d) Anchorage System: a set of anchors that hold the outer shield in place and collapses if the impactive or impulsive load exceeds certain level allowing the outer shield to slide crushing the filling layer and absorbing substantial amount of energy.

Abstract: Herein described is a device for sealing and cutting film in packaging systems for loose product, comprising transversal rotating shafts synchronised with each other, to which a couple of pincers is engaged comprising sealing and cutting means. Said pincers are connected to mechanisms comprising lower prestretching plates and upper prestretching plates forced in predefined positions by springs that react to a set almost circular path that brings the two pincers into contact one in front of the other so that the upper ones hold back the loose product and the lower ones carry out a prestretching of the film, so as to prepare the film for sealing and cutting without any interpositioning of loose product.

Abstract: Methods are provided for making slider-operated fasteners for use in reclosable plastic bags using at least a double index and dual unit operations. The methods involve forming two preseals, forming two notches within the preseals, applying two sliders into the previously formed notches, and applying two end stops proximate the previously applied sliders by having the various stations perform their respective functions, either simultaneously or at generally the same time, on different parts of the fastener spaced approximately at a double index. Also provided are methods of producing finished bags by applying the slider-operated fastener to a flat web of plastic film and conveying the web to a vertical or a horizontal form-fill-seal machine.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for laying a tow into a can, wherein a tow feed device advances the tow into the can, with the tow feed device being movable to oscillate in a plurality of directions of movement. To obtain the highest possible flexibility when laying the tow into the can, the invention provides for moving the tow feed device by a multiaxial robot, which mounts the tow feed device at the free end of a robot arm.

Abstract: To provide a packaging apparatus for packaging a granular object which can reduce the residual air in a package to prevent expansion thereof with an increase in temperature after sealing. The packaging apparatus comprises a charging device 30 for charging a granular object having adsorption ability into a storage bag 90 having an open end, an air removing device 50 for expelling air from the storage bag 90 into which the granular object has been charged, and a sealing device 40 for sealing the open end of the storage bag 90 from which air has been expelled, wherein the sealing device 40 is actuated with a slight delay after air has been expelled from the storage bag 90 by the air removing device 50.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a vacuum sealer, which exhausts air from a thermal adhesive vacuum bag containing products and then heats and seals the open end of the vacuum bag. The vacuum sealer includes a lower body. An upper body is pivotably mounted to the lower body in such a way as to engage with the lower body. A heater is installed in either or both the lower body or/and the upper body, and heats and seals a vacuum bag. A vacuum space creating member is installed in either or both the lower body or/and the upper body, and isolates an end of the vacuum bag which is evacuated from an exterior, thus creating a vacuum space. A vacuum pump is coupled via a tube to an exhaust hole communicating with the vacuum space created by the vacuum space creating member.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a cyclone dust collecting apparatus for a vacuum cleaner having a high fine dust collecting efficiency. The cyclone dust collecting apparatus includes a first cyclone having an air suction hole through which dust-laden air is drawn-in, the first cyclone forcing the dust-laden air to downwardly whirl in a space under the air suction hole so as to centrifugally separate dust from the dust-laden air; a second cyclone disposed inside the first cyclone, the second cyclone forcing semi-clean air entering from the first cyclone to downwardly whirl so as to centrifugally separate fine dust from the semi-clean air; and an air guiding member forcing the semi-clean air discharged from the first cyclone to directly enter the second cyclone and, the air guiding member having a plurality of guiding blades radially disposed in at least one circular shape based on a vertical axis of the second cyclone.

Abstract: A filter arrangement includes a filter element, a frame construction secured to the filter element, and a handle member secured to the filter element. In preferred embodiments, the handle member is secured to the frame construction. Preferably, the filter element includes a central core member, wherein fluted filter media is coiled around the central core member. Preferably, the central core member includes a plurality of corrugations, wherein the corrugations mateably engage at least some flutes. Preferably, the handle member is integral with the central core member, and also includes a fastening member for connection to a frame construction on the filter element. Methods for cleaning air and servicing an air cleaner preferably include constructions as described herein.

Abstract: A filter element (1) with a tubular folded bag (2) of folded filter material, which has a plurality of fold blades (3) adjacent each other in the longitudinal direction (10) of the folded bag (2) a closure cover (4) is attached at at least one axial end (7) of the folded bag (2). In order to provide a filter element which can be bent to any desired curved form while maintaining a high degree of filtration performance, and can be produced in a cost effective manner, the fold blades (3) of a folded bag (2) are provided with a combination of diagonal folds extending at an angle relative to each other such that the fold blades (3) in the longitudinal direction (10) of the folded bag extend back and forth and thereby form a three-dimensional crown structure (18). At least the outer margin of the closure cover (4) has a form corresponding to the crown structure (18) of the fold blades (3).

Abstract: An air cleaner for an enclosed electronic device such as an electronic slot machine, for use in areas that have a high level of air contamination from cigarette smoking such as casinos, includes an active field polarized media air cleaner or other filters for removing sub-micron particles, tars and/or volatile organic compounds (VOC's). In addition, a shared air cleaner for removing sub-micron particles, tars and/or VOCs is coupled to a plurality of enclosed electronic devices, such as a cluster of electronic slot machines.

Abstract: A filter system for an air cleaner is provided according to an embodiment of the invention. The filter system includes one or more filter elements and a filter tray adapted to be received in a filter tray receptacle of the air cleaner. The filter tray includes a bottom surface and one or more bottom airflow apertures formed in the bottom surface. The filter tray receives the one or more filter elements.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention generally provide a frame assembly having an integral holding frame/clamp. The frame assembly is typically mounted in a housing of an air handler or other air moving conduit. The holding frame/clamp is coupled to the frame assembly by a hinge. The holding frame/lamp is configured to retain a prefilter. When the holding frame/clamp is to a closed position, the holding frame/clamp urges a final filter sealingly against the frame assembly. The clamp holding frame/clamp is maintained in the closed position by a latch. The latch facilitates removal and replacement of the final ter rapidly without tools, thereby substantially reducing the expense associated with filter change out.

Abstract: A pond rake includes an elongated handle and a head disposed adjacent one end of the handle and having plural tines extending therefrom. Means for enhancing downward force on the rake head as it travels through the water is provided in one preferred embodiment by a rotatable member that is actuated by the user by pulling on a rope that extends to shore. The rotatable member is generally aligned with a planar member to increase the distance the rake will travel from shore, and is then rotated to a second position that imparts the downward force on the rake head.

Abstract: The non chargeable electric lawn mower is the future. The gas power mower gives us air and noise pollution. The non chargeable electric lawn mower will not pollute the air, less noise, and no gas bill. The non chargeable electric lawn mower is as dependable as the gas power mower and also competitive in cost.

Abstract: A pull-type crop harvesting machine has a header carried on a frame mounted on ground wheels with a hitch arm extending from the frame over the header to a hitch connector of a tractor. The hitch arm is mounted for pivotal movement about a generally upright axis such that in a first position the tractor tows the frame in echelon to one side and in a second position the tractor tows the frame in echelon. There is provided connecting assembly for connecting the forward end of the hitch arm to a hitch connector of the tractor and a mechanical connection from the PTO of the tractor to a pump for hydraulically driving the cutting assembly. The connecting assembly provides three axes of pivotal movement for up and down, tilting and side to side movement of the header relative to the tractor.

Abstract: A pull-type crop harvesting machine has disk cutter carried on a frame mounted on ground wheels with a hitch arm extending from the frame over the header to a hitch connector of a tractor. The hitch arm is mounted for pivotal movement about a generally upright axis such that in a first position the tractor tows the frame in echelon to one side and in a second position the tractor tows the frame in echelon. The disks are hydraulically driven by a pump at the front end of the hitch arm and a motor at the frame with the hydraulic circuit including a sump tank defined by a hollow interior of the hitch arm and a cooling radiator defined by a tubular frame member which is preferably located at the disk drive as a support therefore as it is cooled by the air flow from the disks and contact with the crop and carries a low volume of fluid.

Abstract: An improved line trimmer and edging unit for lawn and garden use provides a multi-position accessory handle, a roller edge guide having a flange concentrically located about the motor shaft and being of sufficient diameter to maintain a consistent distance between the cutting plane and the object being edged around, symmetrically disposed safety switches, and a battery located symmetrically in-line with the center of the shaft of the unit. The combination lawn trimmer and edger unit may be used in a first, horizontal cutting plane position for lawn and weed trimming, and may be further used in a second, vertical cutting plane position for edging.

Abstract: The invention relates to a traveling mower including a traveling body 1 with a mower unit, and a grass collection box 22 for storing the mowed grass. The box is pivotally connected to the traveling body for switching between a grass collection posture for receiving grass and a discharge posture for discharging grass. The body 1 is provided with a posture change lever 12. The box 22 and the lever 12 are associated with each other via an interlock mechanism 44 so that the box 22 changes the posture in accordance with the manual operation of the lever 12. The change of the posture of the box 22 is performed with a small operation force that depends on the amount of the grass in the box 22. To enable this, the interlock mechanism 44 includes a switching mechanism for increasing the turning angle of the box 22, per unit operation of the lever 12, when the box 22 is empty or substantially empty and for reducing the turning angle when the box 22 holds much grass.

Abstract: A dust prevention mechanism of a spindle device that ensures prevention of cutting liquid etc. from entering an inner portion of the spindle device, which saves energy and reduces noise upon stop of rotation of a spindle is provided. In a dust prevention mechanism 1, a spindle device 2 starts operating upon a command from a controller 4. Then, a 2-port solenoid valve 7 is opened to supply a predetermined amount of compressed air into the inner portion of the spindle device 2. In contrast, the spindle stops rotating upon a command from the controller 4. The controller 4 closes the 2-port solenoid valve 7, while it opens a 2-port solenoid valve 10 in a bypass route B. The controller 4 supplies compressed air, whose amount is reduced by a diaphragm 9, into the inner portion of the spindle device 2 during a predetermined time set by a timer 8.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for producing staple fibers, wherein in a first step a tow is formed from melt spun filaments and deposited into a can, and wherein in a second process step the tows of a plurality of cans in a can creel are withdrawn, treated, and cut to staple fibers. To obtain as much as possible short times of interruption between the first and second process steps, the invention provides for depositing the tow in the first process step directly into the can accommodated in the can creel, with the cans of the can creel being filled one after the other.

Abstract: To provide a sealed chain joint structure that connects both ends of the sealed chain by fitting a seal ring concentrically around a pin in a gap formed between an inner plate of an inner link and an outer plate of an outer link, in which a coupling plate can be easily installed using ordinary tools. A coupling link joins together inner links of both ends, a coupling pin passed through a bush hole projects from the outer plate, a tip portion of the coupling pin is a stepped tip portion of reduced diameter, and a ring groove is formed in an outer periphery of the stepped tip portion. A separate seal ring is fitted to the ring groove and the stepped tip portion protruding from an opposite side of the inner link is inserted into a hole to mount the coupling plate, and a clip engages a clip groove formed in the tip of the stepped tip portion and installed.

Abstract: A combustion engine that has at least a plurality of power strokes during a complete cycle of engine operation that is of compact packaging and Brayton cycle or modified Brayton cycle operable. In some embodiments, a piston-cylinder arrangement is used to compress air and deliver it to a combustion chamber where it is combusted along with fuel, while in some embodiments, at least some of the compressed air is delivered to and stored in a pressure vessel. The pressurized air stored in pressure vessel can be delivered to the combustion chamber or can pneumatically power various engine or vehicle accessories. Combustion gases are returned back to the piston-cylinder arrangement where they act on the piston to output power in a power stroke.

Abstract: A closed loop oxy-fuel combustion power generation cycle is disclosed. The closed cycle has a gas generator which combusts oxygen with a hydrocarbon fuel to produce a drive gas mixture of steam and carbon dioxide that drives a turbine directly with the drive gas mixture. The drive gas mixture then enters a condenser where carbon dioxide is removed and water is recirculated to a heat exchanger where heat is transferred from the drive gas mixture to the water, to produce high pressure steam. This high pressure steam acts as a separate drive gas for a steam turbine. This steam is only indirectly heated by the gas generator through the heat exchanger, such that the cycle includes both direct and indirect heating of working fluids. Water/steam downstream from the steam turbine is then routed back to the gas generator or downstream of the gas generator to close the cycle.

Abstract: A fuel control system (10) for a gas turbine engine includes a main fuel inlet line (18), an auxiliary fuel inlet line (20) and an engine fuel outlet line (16). A first flow path extends from the main fuel inlet line (18) to the engine fuel outlet line (16) and a second flow path extends from the auxiliary fuel inlet line (20) to the engine fuel outlet line (16). A check valve (22) in the first flow path allows fuel flow through the first flow path in a direction from the main fuel inlet line (18) to the engine fuel outlet line (16) and substantially prevents fuel flow through the first flow path in a direction from the engine fuel outlet line (16) to the main fuel inlet line (18). The check valve (22) is shiftable between a first position connecting the auxiliary fuel inlet (20) to the engine fuel outlet (16) and a second position blocking the second flow path. Also a method of controlling fuel flow in a fuel control system of a gas turbine engine.

Abstract: Oxidation catalyst compositions for treating diesel exhaust include ceria and, optionally, alumina, each having a surface area of at least about 10 m2/g, and a zeolite, e.g., Beta zeolite. Optionally, platinum may be included in the catalytic material, preferably in amounts which are sufficient to promote some gas-phase oxidation of carbon monoxide (“CO”) and hydrocarbons (“HC”) but which are limited to preclude excessive oxidation of SO2 to SO3. Alternatively, palladium in any desired amount may be included in the catalytic material. The zeolite is optionally doped, e.g., ion-exchanged, with one or more of hydrogen, a platinum group metal or other catalytic metals. The catalyst compositions may be used in a method to treat diesel engine exhaust by contacting the hot exhaust with the catalyst composition to promote the oxidation of gas-phase CO and HC and of the volatile organic fraction component of particulates in the exhaust.

Abstract: When a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst is being regenerated, the regeneration may be terminated for example as a result of a premature load change in the engine, which can lead to incomplete emptying of the storage catalyst. The residual filling level which remains in the catalyst following an incomplete regeneration of this nature is used as the starting value for calculation of the filling level during the next storage phase. After incomplete regeneration, the nitrogen oxide conversion rate is initially greater than would be expected, on account of the residual filling level. By taking this increased conversion rate into account when calculating the filling level during the storage phase, it is possible to further improve the accuracy of the calculation.

Abstract: In order to control an internal combustion engine, a fuel mass that is to be supplied to the respective cylinder is determined according to a load variable. An additional fuel mass to be measured once is determined, when the measuring signal of an oxygen probe arranged downstream from a three-way catalytic converter is characteristic of at least one pre-determined residual oxygen part, according to the course of the measuring signal. A once reduced fuel mass is determined, when the measuring signal is characteristic of at least one pre-determined residual fuel part, according to the course of the measuring signal. A corrected fuel mass to be measured is determined according to the fuel mass to be supplied and optionally less the once reduced fuel mass or the fuel mass to be measured once. An actuating signal for controlling the injection valve is generated according to the corrected fuel mass to be supplied.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine that includes right and left banks, first and second catalysts provided in the right and left exhaust pipes, respectively, and a downstream catalyst provided in a common exhaust pipe downstream of the upstream catalysts is adapted to alternately switch execution of catalyst degradation minimization and execution of fuel cut between the two banks if at least one of the temperature of the first catalyst and temperature of the second catalyst is higher than a predetermined value during deceleration of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A control system for a power system is disclosed. The control system has a first valve mechanism, a second valve mechanism, and a controller in communication with the first and second valve mechanisms. The controller is configured to direct a single electronic control signal to the first and second valve mechanisms. Actuation of the first valve mechanism is initiated in response to the value of the single electronic control signal exceeding a first threshold value, and actuation of the second valve mechanism is initiated in response to the value of the single electronic control signal exceeding a second threshold value.

Abstract: When urea water U is injected by an addition nozzle 7 upstream of NOx reduction catalyst 6 incorporated in an exhaust passage 5 of a diesel engine 1 so as to reduce and purify NOx in exhaust G, both a value measured by a NOx concentration sensor 9 upstream of the nozzle 7 and a value measured by a NOx concentration sensor 12 downstream of the catalyst 6 are corrected by using a primary response model depending upon a flow rate and a temperature of exhaust G. The NOx reduction ratio is obtained on the basis of these corrected NOx concentration values. Rectified are time lag of measuring of a value by the downstream NOx concentration sensor 12 from measuring of a value by the upstream NOx concentration sensor 9 in a case of the exhaust G having a lower flow rate, and error due to lowering of NOx reduction processing speed in a case of the exhaust having a lower temperature.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to defrost a reducing agent with cooling water of an engine and to prevent water scale from being deposited and accumulated on a cooling water pipe for circulating the cooling water. A frozen reducing agent is defrosted by being heated with cooling water of an engine. A cooling water pipe for guiding the cooling water to a reducing agent tank is provided with a cutoff valve. To defrost the reducing agent, the cutoff valve is opened. Even in the case where the reducing agent is not frozen, the cutoff valve is opened for a predetermined period after start of the cutoff valve to circulate the cooling water in the cooling water pipe.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification apparatus includes an NOx reduction catalytic converter disposed in an engine exhaust passage to reductively purify NOx in exhaust gas using ammonia or its precursor as a reducing agent, a first concentration sensor which detects an ammonia concentration in an exhaust gas moving on a downstream side of the NOx reduction catalytic converter, and a control unit which incorporates therein a computer. The control unit conducts calculation to estimate an ammonia concentration in the exhaust gas moving on the downstream side of the NOx reduction catalytic converter, and when a difference between the ammonia concentration detected by the first concentration sensor and the estimated ammonia concentration by the calculation becomes larger than a first predetermined value, determines that the NOx reduction catalytic converter is deteriorated.

Abstract: A particulate trap regeneration system has an exhaust pipe that is connected between an engine and a particulate trap and an air pump that is connected to the exhaust pipe near the engine. The exhaust pipe has a double-walled configuration where the exhaust travels within the pipe and air from the air pump travels within the space between the walls, capturing heat from the exhaust. This configuration also keeps the outside of the exhaust pipe cool, improving safety and durability. Because the air entering the trap is near the exhaust temperature, the burner requires less energy to raise the temperature of the particulates sufficiently to promote burning.

Abstract: An apparatus for the reduction of nitric oxides (NOx) and particulate matter of exhaust emissions from a diesel engine having an electronic control module. The apparatus includes a first treatment device for reducing particulate matter and a second treatment device for reducing NOx emissions from the engine exhaust. The apparatus also includes a first valve in fluid communication with the exhaust inlet from the engine and a second valve in fluid communication with a common exhaust outlet. The first and second valves are in fluid communication with each other through a fluid connection extending therebetween.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present disclosure is directed to a particulate trap regeneration temperature control system. The system may include a particulate trap configured to remove one or more types of particulate matter from an exhaust flow of an engine. The system may also include a heating system configured to increase the temperature of the particulate trap. The system may further include a controller configured to control operation of the heating system during execution of a thermal regeneration event of the particulate trap. The controller may control operation of the heating system by effectuating a first temperature increase of the particulate trap at a predetermined rate up to a first predetermined temperature. The controller may also be configured to effectuate a first temperature hold by maintaining the temperature of the particulate trap at the first predetermined temperature for a predetermined amount of time.

Abstract: To provide an exhaust structure for a small watercraft that can cool exhaust gas, reduce the size and weight, and thereby cost of a backflow prevention chamber. An exhaust structure for a small watercraft is configured to be able to cool exhaust gas in the course of leading it to the outside when the exhaust gas of an engine is led to the outside for discharge. This exhaust structure includes a water muffler containing water therein. A backflow prevention chamber is disposed above the water muffler and adapted to prevent water from entering the side of the engine from the side of the water muffler. The backflow prevention chamber is provided with a cooling water injecting portion adapted to spray cooling water to the exhaust gas in an internal space. An outlet is formed in the bottom portion of the backflow prevention chamber to communicate with the water muffler.

Abstract: A controlled piston (20, 62, 102) having a first end (24, 64, 104) mounted in a controlled piston sleeve (22) and a spool (16) movably mounted in a spool sleeve (18), a first fluid passage (40, 66, 108) from the spool (16) to the controlled piston first end (24, 64, 104), the position of the spool (16) affecting a position of the controlled piston (20, 62, 102), an FFV (42, 68, 110) in an FFV sleeve (44, 70, 112) in the first fluid passage (40, 66, 108) having a first end section (46, 74, 116), a second end section (48, 78, 120) and a central section (50, 82, 126) having a third diameter less than the diameters of the first and second sections, the FFV (42, 68, 110) being shiftable between a first position blocking the first fluid passage (40, 66, 108) and a second position allowing fluid flow past the central section (50, 82, 126) to the controlled piston (20, 62, 102), and a second fluid passage (56, 88, 134) from the spool (16) to the FFV first end section (46, 74, 116).

Abstract: There is disclosed an actuator (5) having an actuator chamber (6) and actuator piston (9) therein defining an extend chamber (10) and a retract chamber (7) separated from the extend chamber by the actuator piston. A first fluid pump (A) is in fluid communication with the extend chamber and the retract chamber and is arranged to transfer therebetween volumes of fluid substantially equal in magnitude to changes in the volume of the retract chamber resulting from movement of the actuator piston within the actuator chamber. A second pump B connected to the extend chamber and to an accumulator (17) allows the differential volume between the extend and retract chambers to be displaced into the accumulator at a pressure. Stored accumulator fluid pressure enables pump B to be back-driven so that it behaves as a motor whenever the pressure in conduit 15 is less than in conduit 16. A pre-charge (20) unit pressurises the system until full mass counterbalance of the suspended load is achieved.

Abstract: A powertrain includes a first pump and a second pump. A conduit defines a passageway for providing hydraulic pressure from the first pump or the second pump to a transmission. A valve assembly is configured to selectively supply hydraulic pressure to the passageway solely from the first pump, solely from the second pump, and from both the first and second pumps. The valve assembly thus enables the first and second pump to augment one another, thereby enabling the size of at least one of the pumps to be smaller than would otherwise be possible without the valve assembly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an arrangement for recirculation of exhaust gases in a supercharged combustion engine. The arrangement comprises an exhaust line intended to lead exhaust gases out from the combustion engine, an inlet line intended to lead air at above atmospheric pressure to the combustion engine, a return line which comprises a connection to the exhaust line and a connection to the inlet line, so that via the return line it is possible to recirculate exhaust gases from the exhaust line to the inlet line. The arrangement comprises a charge cooler which is cooled by ambient air. The charge cooler is incorporated in the inlet line downstream from the connection of the return line to the inlet line so that, when the exhaust gases are returned via the return line, said charge cooler cools a mixture of exhaust gases and air before the mixture is led to the combustion engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine (100) includes a turbocharger having a turbine (108) and a compressor (118) with an air inlet (120) and a charge air outlet (119). An electronic actuator (200) has an internal cavity (226). An intake manifold (104) is in fluid communication with the charge air outlet (119) of the compressor (118) through a cooled charge air passage (126). A bleed air passage (136) fluidly connects the cooled charge air passage (126), at a bleed air point (134), with the internal cavity (226) of the electronic actuator (200).

Abstract: A bypass (26) around a charge air cooler (20) and a control system (28) for apportioning the amounts of charge air passing through the bypass and the charge air cooler.

Abstract: System, methods, and strategies for regulating charge air temperature in an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine (50) by controlling the flow rate and temperature of liquid engine coolant flowing through a liquid flow path of a charge air cooler (72) that is in heat exchange relationship with charge air entering the intake manifold over a range that provides for the charge air to be selectively heated and cooled by liquid engine coolant. The invention provides flexible control that is useful in controlling exhaust gas temperature for regeneration and/or efficiency restoration of exhaust after-treatment devices (66) as well as improved engine performance.

Abstract: An air intake structure for a small watercraft for ensuring the capacity of an inter-cooler and for connecting the inter-cooler to a supercharger by a simply shaped communicating portion. In an air intake structure for a small watercraft, an intake passage and an exhaust passage can be disposed on the left side and the right side, respectively, of a plurality of cylinders. A turbocharger is disposed rearwardly of the engine with the turbocharger is connected to an intake passage via an inter-cooler. In addition, the inter-cooler is disposed rearwardly of the engine, with the distribution passage being disposed forwardly of and on the left side of the inter-cooler so as to extend in the forward and rearward direction. The inter-cooler is connected to the rear end of the distribution passage with an intake pipe contiguous to cylinders being bent rearwardly along a side surface of the engine body.

Abstract: Torque being produced by a turbocharged internal combustion engine (12) during acceleration under load is calculated by processing (34) a value for actual boost MAP and a value MAP_NOMINAL selected from a map (32) that contains data values for boost that would prevail during steady state engine operation at a respective speed with the engine developing a respective torque. The selection is made using engine speed N and estimated torque TQI_SP that possesses some inaccuracy due to some disparity between the data value for actual boost and the data value selected from the map. The selection yields a boost disparity value that is used along with the estimated torque to select from a torque map (36) a value for calculated torque that provides a better correlation with actual torque than does the estimated torque during acceleration.