Abstract: A liquid crystal television includes a base unit, a rear cover, a support member, an audiovisual circuit unit, and an audiovisual output unit. The rear cover is coupled to and is disposed on top of the base unit, and has an inner cover surface that confines a cover space. The support member is received in the cover space and is disposed to lie against the inner cover surface of the rear cover. The support member includes a main wall, and a flange extending from a periphery of the main wall and cooperating with the main wall to define a compartment for mounting of the audiovisual circuit unit therein. The audiovisual output unit is disposed forwardly of the audiovisual circuit unit, is secured to the flange of the support member, and includes a display panel and a speaker that are connected electrically to the audiovisual circuit unit.

Abstract: A projection display apparatus includes a screen; an optical engine projecting an image beam to the screen; a driving unit having a first circuit part and a second circuit part driving the optical engine; an upper cabinet supporting the screen, and allowing the image beam to be projected; and a lower cabinet provided under the upper cabinet, and including an accommodating part accommodating the optical engine and the driving unit, one of the first circuit part and the second circuit part being supported to an upper part of the lower cabinet, and the other thereof being supported to another part of the lower cabinet.

Abstract: A thin film transistor (TFT) array panel includes: a substrate; gate lines including gate electrodes and storage electrode lines including storage electrodes, the gate lines and the storage electrode lines being formed on the substrate; a gate insulating layer formed on the substrate; a semiconductor layer formed on the gate insulating layer; data lines and drain electrodes formed on the gate insulating layer and the semiconductor layer; storage conductors formed together with the data lines on the gate insulating layer and connected with the drain electrodes; a passivation layer formed on the data lines, the drain electrodes, and the storage conductors; and pixel electrodes formed on the passivation layer, connected with the drain electrodes, and having a plurality of cutout portions, wherein each storage electrode and each storage conductor has slant portions that overlap with the cutout portions and overlap with each other with the gate insulating layer interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A data line repair structure for a liquid crystal display panel. The data line repair structure includes a first repair line parallel to a scan line and crossing the first end of a data line; a second repair line parallel to the data line and connected to a gate driving chip; and a third repair line parallel to the scan line and crossing the second end of the data line. When the data line has a broken point, the source driving chip transmits a data signal to a pixel electrode through the first repair line, the second repair line, and the third repair line.

Abstract: A display device including supporting members suitable for supporting an organic luminescent display panel is provided. The display device includes a panel assembly displaying images, a first supporting member supporting the panel assembly and contacting a front surface of the panel assembly, and a second supporting member interconnected with the first supporting member, supporting the panel assembly and contacting a rear surface of the panel assembly, wherein the panel assembly is an organic luminescent display panel.

Abstract: In a display device, a backlight unit emits light forward. Picture elements are arranged in columns and rows to define a picture element plane and each of the picture elements has a transmitting region to transmit light coming from the backlight unit. Collecting elements are arranged in front of the backlight unit to transmit and collect the light on the picture element plane. Each collecting element is associated with the transmitting region of one of the picture elements. The light transmitted through each collecting element forms a beam spot on the picture element plane. The center of the beam spot is located within the transmitting region associated with the collecting element. Two beam spots, formed on two picture elements that are adjacent to each other in a row direction, have their centers of mass shifted from each other in a column direction on the picture element plane.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device, in which a liquid crystal layer is supported by a liquid crystal substrate, in which an orientation-controlling layer is formed on a surface of the liquid crystal substrate to regulate an orientation of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer in the predetermined direction, and the orientation-controlling layer is formed by an incorporated additive added to the liquid crystal.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes: a light-enhancing layered structure of a hexagonal crystal system, the light-enhancing layered structure including a light-enhancing layer having a planar surface that is formed with a plurality of light-enhancing units thereon, each of the light-enhancing units extending in a normal direction relative to the planar surface, being tapered from the planar surface, and having three inclined faces that are adjoined side-by-side and that are respectively parallel to corresponding symmetrical ones of the crystal planes {11 2 k} of the hexagonal crystal system, where k=2 to 5; and a light emitting layered structure formed on the light-enhancing layered structure.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the provision of a liquid crystal display apparatus that can produce a bright display state without utilizing birefringence.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprising an upper substrate, a lower substrate, and a liquid crystal layer filled between the upper substrate and the lower substrate. A color filter layer and a first alignment layer are disposed on an inner surface of the upper substrate and adjacent to the liquid crystal. An array of transistors and a second alignment layer are disposed on an inner surface of the lower substrate and adjacent to the liquid crystal. An upper polarizer and a lower polarizer are respectively disposed on both sides the liquid crystal display panel, wherein the upper polarizer is disposed on an outer side of the upper substrate and the lower polarizer is disposed on an outer surface of the lower substrate, and wherein the upper polarizer comprises a plurality of microparticles. The first alignment layer provides a first orientation and the second alignment layer provides a second orientation.

Abstract: A large-sized display panel assembly includes an upper polarizing sheet, a lower polarizing sheet, a display panel and a polarizing axis changing unit. The upper polarizing sheet includes a first polarizing axis. The lower polarizing sheet faces the upper polarizing sheet and includes a second polarizing axis having a same direction as the first polarizing axis. The display panel is disposed between the upper and lower polarizing sheets and changes a light-transmissivity to display images. The polarizing axis changing unit is disposed between the upper and lower polarizing sheets and rotates the polarized light 90 degrees with respect to a predetermined direction.

Abstract: A display device that can selectively display 2D and 3D images is provided. The display device includes a backlight unit, a liquid crystal device, and a light control device including two polarizing plates interposed between the backlight and the liquid crystal device each of the polarizing plates having a polarized pattern, and one of the polarizing plates being moveable. Therefore, the display device can selectively display 2D and 3D images by moving one of the polarizing plates parallel to the other polarizing plate, and a width of a light valve can be controlled by the degree of non-alignment of the polarizing plates.

Abstract: Island-shaped portions of colored layers each of which constitutes a part of a sub pixel are formed so as to be continuous with each other over the gap between adjacent pixels. The area of the island-shaped portion can be secured even when the size of the pixel is reduced to enhance the fineness, and peeling of the island-shaped portions at the formation time of a color filter layer which occurs in connection with miniaturization of the island-shaped portions can be suppressed, so that the yield can be improved while enhancing the display quality.

Abstract: An LCD (liquid crystal display) panel is electrically connected to a control circuit board, which at least outputs a digital signal. The LCD panel includes a transistor substrate, a color filter plate, a liquid crystal layer, and at least one image data driving integrated circuit. The transistor substrate has at least one metal trace. The color filter plate is disposed opposite to the transistor substrate and has a common electrode layer. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the transistor substrate and color filter plate. The image data driving integrated circuit is disposed on the transistor substrate, and includes a digital-to-analog converting circuit. The digital signal is inputted into the digital-to-analog converting circuit through the metal trace. Then, the digital-to-analog converting circuit converts the digital signal to generate a common voltage, which is outputted to the common electrode layer.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a display apparatus that can partially eliminate the need for a backlight unit and that achieves a corresponding reduction in thickness. The display apparatus includes two display panels arranged one on top of the other and each having two transparent substrates disposed opposite each other with a liquid crystal layer provided therebetween, and the first display panel has a reflective layer, a light-guiding transparent substrate, and a light control layer, and the second transparent substrate, reflective layer, light control layer, and light source together constitute an illuminating means for illuminating the second display panel which is an illuminated member, with provisions made to illuminate the second display panel by the light emerging from the light-guiding transparent substrate.

Abstract: A first substrate 211 has reflective layer 212 formed thereon, and the reflective layer 212 has one aperture 212a formed therein at each pixel. The reflective layer 212 has coloring layers 214 formed thereon, and the coloring layers 214 have an overcoat layer 215 formed thereon. The overcoat layer 215 has apertures 215a directly above the corresponding apertures 212a. Liquid crystal 232 lies in surface depressions 210a formed so as to correspond to the apertures 215a of the overcoat layer 215 and is thick above the apertures 212a of the reflective layer 212.

Abstract: The present invention provides a color transflective liquid crystal display that is capable of display with good coloring and high visibility in both a reflective mode and a transmissive mode while suppressing deterioration in color reproduction caused by unevenness of the spectral properties of the illumination light, if any. The liquid crystal display can include a liquid crystal display panel including pixels formed of a plurality of sub-pixels each corresponding to different colors, and an illumination device, wherein the liquid crystal display panel includes a transflective layer and a color filter of color corresponding to each of the sub-pixels.

Abstract: An LCD panel having a novel substrate structure, which has optical characteristics that extend the range of horizontal viewing angles with improved contrast ratio, and that extend range of vertical viewing angles with reduced grayscale inversion effect. In one aspect, the substrate structure includes an alignment layer provided with a plurality of first alignment grooves that are aligned at an angle close to an axis parallel to one edge of the display area. The angle may be 0° or ranges from +20° to ?20° relative to the edge of the display area. The LCD panel comprises two opposing substrate structures, with the alignment grooves orthogonal to each other.

Abstract: A representative device comprises a plurality of pixel units configured for use in a vertical alignment liquid crystal display, wherein a first of the pixel units comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and liquid crystal material. The first substrate comprises a pixel layer thereon, wherein the pixel layer comprises a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode, and the pixel electrode in the first of the pixel units has first openings therein. The second substrate comprises a common electrode thereon, wherein the common electrode has second openings therein, and the second openings and the first openings are arranged in an overlying and cross-over relationship with respect to each other. The liquid crystal layer is between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A single mask process for a display backplane. The process includes depositing a blanket layer of a lateral semiconducting material, and depositing a layer of a conducting material. The conducting material is patterned into pixel electrodes and select lines, where the select lines are spaced from the pixel electrodes by a distance that allows the lateral semiconducting material to function as a diode between the select lines and the pixel electrodes.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device including a layer of liquid crystal material, and provided on one side of the liquid crystal material layer an array of conductors for generating electric fields therebetween to change the molecular orientation of pixel portions of the layer of liquid crystal material, wherein each pixel portion of the liquid crystal material layer is associated with a respective group of conductors distributed over the respective pixel area for the application of voltages across distances smaller than the pixel dimensions, wherein the conductors and the spacing therebetween within each group are sufficiently small with respect to the thickness of the liquid crystal material layer that each group can be used to generate an electric field that induces through at least a portion of the thickness of the liquid crystal material layer a different molecular orientation pattern that is substantially uniform across the whole area of the respective pixel portion.

Abstract: The invention provides a reflection type liquid crystal device, and a projection type display and electronic equipment in which display defects caused by disclination are reduced, minimized or prevented from being produced for a highly fine liquid crystal display with a space between pixels made to be narrow to make it possible to provide a high-contrast and bright display. A liquid crystal device includes a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a first substrate and a second substrate, and a first electrode and a second electrode formed on a face of the above-described second substrate on a side of the above-described liquid crystal layer. The above-described first electrode and the above-described second electrode are formed so that an electric field substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate with respect to the above-described liquid crystal layer can be applied thereto.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide the multi-domain system IPS (In-Plane Switching mode) liquid crystal display which has high contrast and does not have an improper image display. According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a black matrix formed between a pair of substrates and formed over a plurality of drain lines and gate lines, a plurality of spaces arranged under the black matrix, wherein a plurality of liquid crystal molecules lined to a boundary direction of the black matrix in “OFF” state, and having a first group and a second group in “ON” state, wherein a switching angle of the second group is opposite to a switching angle of the first group.

Abstract: A display panel includes a substrate, a plurality of data lines, a driver integrated circuit, and a plurality of connecting lines. The data lines of the display panel are disposed on a display area of the substrate for signal transmission. The driver integrated circuit is electrically connected to the data lines for providing driving signals required for panel operations. Each data line of the display panel is electrically connected to the driver integrated circuit via a corresponding connecting line. A first connecting line of the connecting lines includes a first section and a second section, wherein a thickness of the second section is substantially thinner than that of the first section.

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes a display electrode disposed in an image display region of a TFT array substrate, a pattern portion including at least one of wiring and a circuit element connected to the display electrode directly or through a pixel switching element and provided in a frame region, which defines the periphery of the image display region, and a lower shielding film for covering the TFT array substrate side of at least a portion of the pattern portion. Therefore, in the electro-optical device such as a liquid crystal device, a light-dark pattern due to the wiring and the circuit element provided in the frame region can be prevented from being projected near the edge of a display image.

Abstract: A protective measure against rainfalls or ultraviolet rays is applied to planar display devices which comprise a large-sized display apparatus thus allowing display modules which include display devices to be used outdoors and, at the same time, the structure of a frame is simplified thus realizing the reduction of weight, thickness and a manufacturing cost of the large-sized display apparatus. In a large-sized display apparatus arranging a plurality of planar display devices, as the planar display device, a display device which comprises a display device body which includes a display region in the inside thereof and has a peripheral portion of the display region sealed, and a protective glass which is fixedly mounted on a front surface of the display device body using an adhesive material is used.

Abstract: A layout of LCD panels and a size of the mother substrate are disclosed, to improve the efficiency in arrangement of the LCD panels, and to maximize the substrate efficiency, the layout comprising a mother substrate; a dummy region of 15 mm or less in a periphery of the mother substrate; and six LCD panels of the 26-inch model in a matrix of 2×3 on the mother substrate excluding the dummy region with a margin corresponding to 2˜4% of a length of the LCD panel.

Abstract: A layout of LCD panels and a size of the mother substrate are disclosed, to improve the efficiency in arrangement of the LCD panels, and to maximize the substrate efficiency, the layout comprising a mother substrate; a dummy region of 15 mm or less in a periphery of the mother substrate; and six LCD panels of the 26-inch model in a matrix of 2×3 on the mother substrate excluding the dummy region with a margin corresponding to 2˜4% of a length of the LCD panel.

Abstract: In order to improve the state of image irregularities of a liquid crystal panel, a plasma treatment is performed for an alignment film using a treatment gas such as hydrogen and/or deuterium, or a surface treatment is performed in which an alignment film is immersed in deuterium oxide. As a result, moisture contained in the alignment film is removed, and re-adsorption of moisture is also suppressed, thereby reducing image irregularities.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device of dropping liquid crystals to be interposed between a first substrate and a second substrate to one of the substrates. The method includes a step of applying the sealant to one of the substrates where a region closed by the sealant is formed by a sealant on the main surface of the substrate, and, in this closed region, a liquid crystal filling region as a display region and a capturing region to the outer periphery of the liquid crystal filling region for intaking surplus liquid crystals or voids are formed.

Abstract: An ophthalmic examination system comprising a headrest with a detection element, and an ophthalmic instrument (OI) having a microprocessor and a sensor in communication with the microprocessor. The sensor is configured to detect the presence of the detection element, and the headrest is configured for coupling to the OI.

Abstract: A stand-alone unit includes a plurality of screens which are panels for displaying images disposed in a pre-determined geometric configuration about a base likewise housing at least a fragrance dispensing mechanism and music-playing capacity, which is harmonized at a user's discretion to create a customized personal entertainment system. A method and apparatus selectively incorporated sights, smells and sounds via advanced microelectronics as needed, or allows a user to set fragrances and images statically to achieve a desired set of effects.

Abstract: A modulator and system used to display motion pictures is provided. The design comprises a sheet polarizer and a SMD electro-optical modulator configured to operate in a steady state (non-switching) mode. The modulator is formed from two substantially parallel relatively clear plates, such as glass, two coatings of a transparent conductor, such as indium tin oxide, located between the two substantially parallel relatively clear plates, two polyamide layers located between the two coatings of the transparent conductor, and a film of liquid crystal material located between the two polyamide layers.

Abstract: A display system includes a projection screen and a projector. The projection screen includes a retarder plate between a polarizer and a transparent screen. The projector projects an image through the polarizer and the retarder plate onto the transparent screen. The image is visible from a first side of the transparent screen but invisible from a second side of the transparent screen because any light passing twice through the retarder plate is blocked by the polarizer.

Abstract: An optical device is provided which includes a plurality of optical modulation devices, plurality of optical elements, and a prism having a plurality of luminous flux incidence surfaces positioned on a luminous flux irradiation-side of each optical element. The optical device includes a holding member which holds at least one of the plurality of optical modulation devices and a pair of light-transmissive substrates. In one implementation, an irradiation-side substrate disposed on the luminous flux irradiation-side of the optical element has a dimension larger than that of the optical element, and the irradiation-side substrate is secured to the luminous flux incidence surface of the prism, an aperture is formed in the holding member, and the holding member is attached to the irradiation-side substrate so as to cover the optical element. Detailed information is provided in the Description of Exemplary Embodiments below, and the inventions are defined by the appended claims.

Abstract: An optical device includes: a light modulation element that modulates a luminous flux emitted from a light source; a casing that houses the light modulation element; a holding member that holds the light modulation element and exposes a part thereof to outside; a refrigerant housed in a housing space surrounded by the casing, the holding member and the light modulation element; and a convection start unit that is provided in the casing and causes convection of refrigerant.

Abstract: An image distortion correction method is provided which is capable of correcting for distortion of a projected image by designating an arbitrary correction point by using a simple and easy operation without independently providing a display device and/or a pointing device.

Abstract: A rear projection display according to the present disclosure includes a complex mirror as an optical element to simplify the optical design. The mirror may be symmetrical about at least one axis to require optimization of only half the optical system. The mirror may also provide a geometrically distorted image that may be corrected in software of the image generator. This display uses a mathematical formulation which inherently creates a surface which is symmetric about one linear axis but free form in an orthogonal axis.

Abstract: A rear projection display apparatus is provided which includes a transmission type screen installed on the front face of an apparatus main body, and a video projector disposed inside the apparatus main body and projecting video on the transmission type screen from the rear side thereof. The transmission type screen includes a lens sheet having respective ribs attached to upper and lower sides thereof, the ribs having increased thickness, and an upper bracket and a lower bracket attached to the lens sheet so as to retainably embrace the respective associated ribs. The upper bracket is fixed to a frame on an apparatus main body side, whereby the lens sheet is installed so as to be pulled downward by the weight of the lower bracket. The rib is formed by laminating the same materials as a substrate of the lens sheet.

Abstract: An optical projection apparatus comprising an illumination system, a light valve, an imaging system, a power supply circuit and a generator are provided. The illumination system with a color wheel is providing a light beam. The light valve is disposed on the transmitting path of the light beam for transforming the light beam into an image light beam. The imaging system is also disposed on the transmitting path of the image light beam. The power supply circuit is electrically connected to the illumination system and the light valve is connecting with an external power supply. The generator is electrically connected to the power supply circuit. The color wheel connected to the generator drives the generator to generate electric power. The electric power is transmitted to the power supply circuit and powers the optical projection apparatus. Consequently, overall power consumption of the optical projection apparatus is reduced.

Abstract: A projector includes a lens cover which is slidable relative to a chassis for covering and exposing a projection aperture of a projection lens. A detecting section includes a light emitting portion which projects a light beam and detects the opened state or closed state of the lens cover depending on the absence or presence of the light beam received by a light receiving portion. The, light emitting portion and light receiving portion are disposed so that the optical path of the light beam projected from the light emitting portion and received by the light receiving portion intersects the slide direction of the lens cover A light shielding portion is provided in the lens cover. The light shielding portion is formed in a predetermined width in the slide direction of the lens cover.

Abstract: A projection display system has at least one light-recycling illumination system and at least one imaging light modulator. The light-recycling illumination system includes a light source that is enclosed within a light-recycling cavity. The light source is a plurality of light-emitting diode that emits light, and a fraction of that light will exit the light-recycling cavity through an aperture. The light-recycling cavity recycles a portion of the light emitted by the light source back to the light source in order to enhance the luminance of the light exiting the aperture. The fraction of the light that exits the aperture is partially collimated and is directed to the imaging light modulator. The imaging light modulator spatially modulates the partially collimated light to form an image.

Abstract: Uniform light quantity distribution is achieved in an image display element by directing light beam reflected in an A quadrant of X-Y plane coordinate system of a reflector into a B quadrant of the X-Y plane coordinate system of the image displaying element, when the X-Y plane coordinate system is provided in a plane perpendicular to an optical axis of a light emitting part.

Abstract: A light-projecting system includes a lamp module, a lens module and a uniform light module. The lamp module has a light source and a reflector for surrounding a part of the light source, wherein the light source is used to produce light signals, and the reflector is used to receive and reflect light signals. The lens module is arranged beside the lamp module for receiving light signals from the reflector and projecting light signals. The uniform light module is arranged beside the lens module for receiving light signals from the lens module and uniforming light signals. Moreover, because the lens module replaces the plane glass of the prior art and the lens module has a light filtering coating coated thereon, not only is the distance between the lamp module and the uniform light module shortened, but the light-projecting effect is also increased.

Abstract: An exposure method for transferring a pattern on a mask onto a substrate using a catadioptric projection optical system having partial lens barrels that hold optical systems having optical axes that extend in mutually different directions. The method includes measuring an amount of rotation of the catadioptric projection optical system about an optical axis intersecting at least one of the mask and the substrate; and adjusting at least one of an attitude and a scan direction of at least one of the mask and the substrate based on a measurement result of the amount of rotation. The substrate is exposed by adjusting at least one of the attitude and the scan direction of at least one of the mask and the substrate so that the rotation of the projected image on the substrate attributable to the rotation of the projection optical system is offset; thus, excellent exposure accuracy is achieved.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the simultaneous determination of focus and source boresighting error for photolithographic steppers and scanners is described. A reticle containing custom arrays of box-in-box test structures specifically designed for performing source or exit pupil division using an aperture plate is exposed onto a resist coated wafer several times. The resulting exposure patterns are measured with a conventional overlay tool. The overlay data is processed with a slope-shift algorithm for the simultaneous determination of both focus and source telecentricity as a function of field position. Additionally, methods for ameliorating metrology induced effects and methods for producing precision Bossung curves are also described. This Abstract is provided for the sole purpose of complying with the Abstract requirement rules, it shall not be used to interpret or to limit the scope or the meaning of the claims.

Abstract: A method of controlling a component within a lithographic apparatus is presented. The component is moved relative to a reference within the lithographic apparatus by a first actuator. A second actuator that exerts a force between the component and a reaction mass is used to adjust at least one of a position, velocity and acceleration of the component relative to the reference within the lithographic apparatus.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus that forms a pattern by exposing a substrate is equipped with a first platform tower, a second platform tower installed at a predetermined distance, and an exposure main section arranged within the space between both platform towers that includes a plurality of high rigidity sections each including a high rigidity component. Accordingly, it becomes possible to use a module (a high rigidity section) of the preceding generation even when the generation changes.

Abstract: An illumination system for a microlithographic projection exposure step-and-scan apparatus has a light source, a first optical raster element and a second optical raster element. The first optical raster element extends in a first pupil plane of the illumination system and is designed such that the geometrical optical flux of the system is increased perpendicular to a scan direction of the projection exposure apparatus. The second optical raster element extends in a second pupil plane of the illumination system, which is not necessarily different from the first pupil plane, and is designed such that the geometrical optical flux of the system is increased in the scan direction and perpendicular thereto. This makes it possible to improve the irradiance uniformity in a reticle plane.

Abstract: Provided is a radiation distribution system for distributing the radiation from an illumination system to two or more patterning means, each for patterning beams of radiation, which are subsequently projected onto a substrate.