Abstract: An electric field sensor may be used to detect accumulation of frozen material. In one embodiment, an e-field system includes a first electrode, a second electrode located at a distance from the first electrode, the second electrode forming a capacitive element with the first electrode, wherein a gap is present between the first and second electrodes, and an electric field sensor having an electrode terminal coupled to the first electrode and providing an electric field output value representative of an amount of frozen material located in the gap between the first and second electrodes. The system may also include a first insulator adjacent the first electrode and outside the gap, and a conductive layer adjacent the first insulator, where the first insulator is between the first electrode and the conductive layer, and where a shield output of the electric field sensor is coupled to the conductive layer.

Abstract: A method of measuring strain in a test specimen comprises the steps of placing a pattern of marks on a surface of the test specimen, wherein the pattern of marks includes a plurality of target marks and a plurality of sets of coded marks, using the sets of coded marks to identify locations of at least two of the target marks, and using a change in distance between at least two of the marks to determine strain in the test specimen. An apparatus that performs the method is also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing bending strength is provided. The apparatus includes a frame, a motor, and a control part. The frame includes an impingement board. The motor includes a piston. A piston head is mounted on an end of the piston for impacting the impingement board. The piston head defines a space configured for receiving a hand-held device. The control part is for controlling the piston to move up and down repeatedly. The apparatus can be used to test a hand-held device's bending strength conveniently.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a component of a fluid pressure measurement unit includes the step of providing a measurement element with a measurement chip arranged on a first side of the chip carrier and a plurality of socket-shaped terminal contacts for contacting contact terminals of the measurement chip, wherein the socket-shaped terminal contacts protrude from a second side of the chip carrier opposite from the first side of the chip carrier.

Abstract: A magnetism generation portion 4 is provided at a first shaft 2, and a first magnetic yoke 7 and a second magnetic yoke 8 bent in L shape are provided at a second shaft 3 so that a magnetic flux generated at the magnetism generation portion 4 can be detected on the outer circumference side of the second shaft 3, and a magnetism detecting device for detecting the magnetic flux can be provided on the outer circumference side of the second shaft.

Abstract: A seat load measuring apparatus which can be effectively adopted to various kinds of motor vehicles without requiring various load sensors having cables of different lengths according to the kinds of motor vehicles, thereby providing improved installation, maintenance and manufacturing benefits. A seat load measuring apparatus may include a connector of a load sensor is a male connector having terminals projecting downwardly. The entry of the male connector faces the open bottom of a protector. On the other hand, a cable to be connected to an ECU is provided with a cable-side connector. The cable-side connector is composed of a female connector which is detachable relative to the male connector. Therefore, the load sensor and the cable are detachable from each other, thereby achieving the adaptability of the load sensor and the connector casing a relative to various kinds of motor vehicles.

Abstract: In a force-transmitting device of a force-measuring cell with a parallel-guiding mechanism in which a stationary parallelogram leg and a movably guided parallelogram leg are connected to each other by parallelogram guides, at least one of the parallelogram legs has a fastening part with at least two fastening portions. Each fastening portion has a fastening pad with a tapped hole normal to the fastening pad surface, for fastening the device to a housing or a load carrier. The parallelogram leg has slot-shaped incisions that serve to uncouple the fastening portions from the rest of the parallelogram leg, so as to prevent the propagation of assembly stresses from the fastening portions into the working parts of the force-measuring cell.

Abstract: The present application relates to a surface-coated SPME with an extracting tip that resists breaking during analysis. Rather than utilizing a hollow fiber tip, a resilient surface coated rod is utilized. Specifically, several grooves are machined into the tip of the SPME device, allowing an adsorbent material to be retained thereon. The resulting surface coated SPME device is more rugged in laboratory use and allows for testing of analytes in chemical environments that result in failures when using fiber tipped SPME devices.

Abstract: There is provided a method for inspecting a pattern of paste which a dispenser forms on a substrate, including putting the substrate on a stage; dispensing the paste on the substrate according to a relative distance between a nozzle and a surface of the substrate which a measuring unit measures in real time; storing data on the relative distance which is obtained from the measuring unit; selecting a point corresponding to data falling outside the predetermined range from among the stored data and designating the selected point as an inspection point; translating the data falling outside the predetermined range into a positional value and moving a dispensing head to a position over the inspection point on the pattern of paste corresponding to the positional value; and inspecting at the inspection point if there exists a defect on a pattern of paste.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a device and methods for dissolution or immersion testing and, in particular, a device and methods that improve the consistency of test results by limiting the ability of pharmaceutical or other dosage forms to move or reorient during testing.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus for a working vehicle has substantially symmetrically disposed first and second transaxles, each of which supports a single axle, and a working apparatus driving power take-off device including an input member. A gear casing is spanned between the first and second transaxles. A primary drive shaft is disposed in the gear casing so as to be drivingly connected to a prime mover. A traveling drive train is disposed in the gear casing so as to drivingly connect the primary drive shaft to the input shafts of the respective transaxles. A working apparatus drive train is disposed in the gear casing so as to drivingly connect the primary drive shaft to the input member of the working apparatus driving power take-off device.

Abstract: A power transmission apparatus for a working vehicle according to the present invention comprises: substantially symmetrically disposed first and second transaxles each of which includes an input shaft and a housing supporting a single axle; and a working apparatus driving power take-off device including an input member. A gear casing is spanned between the housings of the respective transaxles. A primary drive shaft is disposed in the gear casing so as to be drivingly connected to a prime mover. A traveling drive train is disposed in the gear casing so as to drivingly connect the primary drive shaft to the input shafts of the respective transaxles. A working apparatus drive train is disposed in the gear casing so as to drivingly connect the primary drive shaft to the input member of the working apparatus driving power take-off device.

Abstract: A device for moving articles between positions at time intervals, wherein the device includes at least two gates disposed sequentially in the direction of travel of the article which can controllably be opened and closed, and wherein upstream of each gate there is formed a temporary holding area for the article. The two gates (1, 2; 3, 4) are controllable by means of one single drive motor (8) or actuator. The two gates (1, 2; 3, 4) are each associated with one control element (5; 6) rotatable about a respective axis of rotation, and the drive motor or actuator (8) is adapted to move one actuating element (7) that is rotatable about an axis of rotation and which is common to the respective control elements (5; 6) of the two gates.

Abstract: A power transmission capable of regulating the disengagement of a nut part from a screw part, and the like are provided. The power transmission is constructed of a rotation shaft having a thread formed on a periphery thereof; a nut member capable of being opened and closed, the nut member having a thread engaged with the thread of the rotation shaft, and pinching the rotation shaft and moving as the rotation shaft is rotated; a regulating part enabling movement of the nut member by regulating opening of the nut member; and a regulation releasing part capable of releasing engagement between the nut member and the rotation shaft by opening the nut member.

Abstract: A system for actuating couplers to produce gear changes in a motor vehicle transmission includes first and second actuator drums supported for rotation, and first and second shift forks. Each first shift fork is driveably connected to a first actuator drum, secured to a first coupler, and displaced in response to rotation of a first actuator drum between a neutral state, wherein no gear is engaged, and at least one first drive state, wherein a gear of a first gear group is engaged. Each second shift fork is driveably connected to a second actuator drum, secured to a second coupler, and displaced in response to rotation of a second actuator drum between a neutral state, wherein no gear is engaged, and at least one second drive state, wherein a gear of the second gear group is engaged.

Abstract: A system for actuating gear changes in a motor vehicle transmission includes an electric motor including a motor shaft supported for rotation about an axis, first and second actuator drums supported for rotation substantially parallel to the axis, and a drive mechanism including a first power path driveably connecting the motor shaft and the first drum, and a second power path driveably connecting the motor shaft and the second drum.

Abstract: A four-wheel-drive-vehicle driving force distribution apparatus has an auxiliary transmission mechanism for switching motive power transmitted to an input shaft at least between two levels, a high speed and a low speed, and transmitting the motive power to a main output shaft; a friction clutch for selectively transmitting the motive power of the main output shaft to an auxiliary output shaft; a ball cam mechanism for changing the pressing force of the friction clutch in a non-step manner; and a shift mechanism for shifting the auxiliary transmission mechanism. A clutch control mechanism is provided between a drive member fixed to an output shaft of a motor and a pinion gear and changes the clutch pressing force caused by the ball cam mechanism corresponding to clockwise rotation of the drive member performed by a motor starting from a control starting point.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for automatically compensating for the clearance of a support yoke in a rack-and-pinion steering system by using a torsion spring and a cam mechanism so that, when the support yoke generates a clearance, it is automatically compensated for without separate adjustment. Unlike conventional apparatuses for reducing rattle noise resulting from the increased gap between the yoke plug and the support yoke, the disclosed apparatus maintains a constant gap. In addition, the first cam, the second cam, and the torque spring automatically compensate for the clearance of the support yoke.

Abstract: A steering assembly for use in turning wheels of a vehicle includes a rack and a pinion. A yoke is continuously pressed against the rack by a yoke spring. A damper, preferably arranged in series with the spring, produces damped resistance to displacement of the yoke away from the rack. The damper produces a relative high magnitude of damped resistance to displacement of the yoke away from the rack and a lower magnitude of damped resistance to displacement of the yoke toward the rack.

Abstract: A screw device is provided with a screw shaft 5 formed, on an outer peripheral surface thereof, with a ball member rolling groove 6 in form of spiral, a nut 1 formed, on an inner peripheral surface thereof, with at least single one-turn of groove 4 constituted by a loaded ball rolling groove 2 having a partial circle less than one circle of groove and corresponding to the ball rolling groove 6 of the screw shaft and a ball circulation groove 3 connecting one and other ends of the loaded ball rolling grove 2, and a plurality of balls arranged and accommodated between the ball rolling groove 6 of the screw shaft 5 and the loaded ball rolling groove 2 and the ball circulation groove 3 of the nut 1. The loaded ball rolling groove 2 and the ball circulation groove 3 of the nut 1 are formed by cutting the inner peripheral surface of the nut which was preliminarily heat-treated.

Abstract: The gear fork comprises a support portion arranged to be guided along a stationary rod of the gearbox, a pair of prongs which extend from the support portion and form at their distal ends respective finger-like portions adapted to act on a sliding coupling sleeve of the gearbox, and an actuating nose by means of which a sliding movement along the stationary rod for the engagement of the desired gear can be imparted to the fork. The support portion and the prongs can be integrally formed by a single sheet metal body obtained by blanking and bending or formed as two separate sheet metal pieces, each obtained by blanking and bending. The support portion is shaped and arranged with respect to the prongs so as to allow two forks having identical bodies to be mounted on the same stationary rod so as to at least partially overlap in the sliding direction along the rod.

Abstract: The soundproof geared cable 10 comprises a geared cable 13 having a core 11 composed of metal wires and gear teeth 12 provided around the periphery of the core and the tubular resin coat 14 provided around the geared cable 13. The tubular resin coat 14 has a concave part 18 and a convex part 19, where a space 20 is provided between the concave part 18 of the resin coat and the core 11. Further, the convex part 19 of the resin coat and the gear teeth 12 are contacted. The depth of the concave part 18 of the resin coat positioned between the gear teeth is 0.1 to 0.5 mm.

Abstract: A quick release device includes a tightening bar having an enlarged head and an actuated end outboard to two fork blades of a bicycle, and a cam member having front and rear ends, and a cam segment interposed therebetween and engaging a cam follower surface of the actuated end such that rotation of the cam segment results in movement of the actuated end between tightening and loosening positions relative to one of the fork blades. A cover includes front and rear walls which defines an accommodation space therebetween for receiving the actuated end and the cam segment. The front and rear ends extend outwardly of the front and rear walls, respectively. A lever includes front and rear lug portions which are coupled respectively with the front and rear ends of the cam member to enable the cam segment to be rotated by a turning movement of the lever.

Abstract: The invention relates to an actuating device for a parking brake of a motor vehicle, with at least one lever which is operatively connected to the parking brake via traction means and which is mounted such that it can pivot between a rest position and a brake application position about a first pivot axis which is positionally fixed with respect to the vehicle body. A rod is coupled to the lever such that it can pivot about a second pivot axis which is moveable with respect to the vehicle body and is parallel to the first pivot axis, the rod bearing a handle element and being mounted on the vehicle body such that it can pivot about a third pivot axis, which is positionally fixed with respect to the vehicle body, and such that it can be displaced along its longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A device is provided for mounting a module carrier on a rotatable steering wheel of a motor vehicle in such a manner that the angular position of the module carrier remains constant during a rotation of the steering wheel, with a first toothed ring connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the module carrier, a lever, which is mounted on the steering wheel via a bearing section in a manner such that it can pivot to and fro between two positions, a first toothed wheel, which is mounted rotatably on a first arm of the lever and meshes with the first toothed ring in a first position of the lever, and elastic means for pressing the first toothed wheel elastically against the first toothed ring so that rotation of the steering wheel in one direction causes a rotation of the module carrier in the opposite direction. For actuating the lever, the lever has a second arm which is connected via the bearing section to the first arm of the lever.

Abstract: An engine noise engine noise baffle for a tractor brake shaft that extends laterally through openings in an engine compartment wall. The engine noise engine noise baffle has a cup-shaped portion pressed against the interior surface of the engine compartment wall, and a sleeve portion around the tractor brake shaft. The engine noise engine noise baffle has freedom of rotation with respect to the engine compartment wall. The engine noise engine noise baffle helps block and shield the operator cab from high engine temperatures, engine noise, dirt and dust, and engine fumes.

Abstract: A viscous damper having a sheet metal housing and cover for closing the housing is described. A flywheel ring is mounted in a fluid in a floating manner inside the housing, and the viscous damper includes a bearing borehole. An additional centering capability for the viscous damper is provided on the cover and/or on the housing, in the form of centering projections arranged on a common periphery. In this way, the viscous damper can be additionally or independently centered on a larger diameter than that of the bearing borehole. Other centering projections can be arranged on different peripheries.

Abstract: A piston rod assembly for coupling between a power end and a fluid end of a high pressure reciprocating pump. Part cylindrical members are clamped together via pistons arranged orthogonally to the rod axis. The members grip the power and fluid o end components in a knuckle joint or ball and socket. By providing orthogonal loading, a large contact area is obtained between the members and the components, which gives a mechanical advantage in keeping the parts together even when a maximum reciprocating force is applied by the pump.

Abstract: A folding pedal is disclosed to include a pedal body, which has a center spindle pivotally connectable to a crank of a bicycle, and two pedal blocks that are respectively pivotally coupled to top and bottom sides of the pedal body and turnable relative to each other between a first position where the two pedals are closed together and extending in same extending direction of the center spindle and a second position where the two pedals are opened and respectively extending in direction perpendicular to the center spindle.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a flaky copper powder composed of fine particles having a sharp distribution particle size, a large crystallite diameter and high oxidation resistance. The flaky copper powder of the present invention contains P and has a crystallite diameter/D1A ratio of 0.01 or more to achieve the object.

Abstract: A process for treating base metal smelter slag containing from about 20 to about 60 percent by weight iron and at least one further metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, copper and cobalt comprises mixing base metal smelter slag with calcium sulphate and carbon and melting the resultant mixture to produce a metallic sulphide matte containing substantially all the further metal or metals and a secondary slag substantially free of the further metal or metals suitable for use as a cement.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing alloy nanopowders is disclosed, which comprises a step in which a wire manufactured in such a manner that at least one hetero metal is coated on a metallic wire is used to manufacture alloy nanopowders. At least one hetero metal is coated on a pure metal wire or an alloy wire based on an electroplating method, an electroless plating or other methods. The alloy wire is electrically exploded for thereby manufacturing at least two-component alloy nanopowder.

Abstract: A method of making a superfine alloy comprises: incorporating a grain growth inhibitor polymeric precursor into a composition for synthesis of a superfine material; synthesizing the superfine material from the composition comprising the incorporated precursor; incorporating an alloy additive into the composition for synthesis of the superfine material before synthesizing the superfine material, or alternatively, into the as-synthesized superfine material to produce a superfine alloy-grain growth inhibitor polymeric precursor composite; and treating the superfine alloy-grain growth inhibitor polymeric precursor composite to convert the grain growth inhibitor polymeric precursor to a grain growth inhibitor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of reducing a metal-oxygen compound wherein carbon acts as a reducing agent. The method includes in a first reaction stage, passing CO gas into a reaction chamber containing the metal-oxygen compound, under conditions such that CO is converted to solid carbon and carbon dioxide thereby introducing the solid carbon so formed to said metal-oxygen compound, and in a second reaction stage, causing the carbon, introduced to the metal-oxygen compound in the first reaction stage, to reduce the metal-oxygen compound. There is present, at least in the second reaction stage, a first promoter material effective to promote the reduction of the metal-oxygen compound. The first promoter material includes a first promoter metal and/or a compound of a first promoter metal. Also disclosed is an apparatus for carrying out the reduction of a metal-oxygen compound wherein carbon acts as a reducing agent.

Abstract: To produce metallic iron from iron ore, a composition comprising a mass of material formed from a mixture of iron ore particles and particles of a reductant that is either a biomass material in particulate form or a plastic resinous material in particulate form is used. The reductant can also be a mixture of biomass material and resin in any proportions. The mass of material comprises at least one body having a shape adapted for smelting such as pellets, briquettes, pieces or lumps. The pellets have sufficient cohesion to maintain the shape into which they have been formed.

Abstract: The present invention embodies a process for extraction of nickel, cobalt, and other metals from laterite ores by heap leaching, and of the product obtained as well, characterized by the fact that it is comprised of crushing (I), agglomeration (II), stacking (III), and heap leaching (IV) stages, with this last stage being a continuous, counter-current, heap leaching system with two or more stages, comprised of two phases, one of which is composed of the ore (solute), and the other is composed of the leaching solution, or solvent, which are supplied at opposite ends of the series of stages and flow in opposite directions. Upon cessation of leaching in the last stage, its solute is removed and a new stage is introduced at the first position, formed by new ore (solute) to be leached by the solvent solution, which is introduced from the last stage, percolating or flowing through all the previous stages until it reaches the first stage, being separated if loaded with target metals (PLS).

Abstract: A manufacturing method of briquette for use as metal stock is provided which is adapted for effective reduction of a drying time of a porous mass such that the quantity of energy required for the drying process may be reduced. A porous mass is formed by compressing cotton-like aggregates containing metal grinding dust under pressure. The resultant porous mass is immediately dipped in a heated solidification assistant. Subsequently, the porous mass impregnated with the solidification assistant is immediately transported to a drying furnace for drying.

Abstract: A hammering tool includes a hammer, a frame and a fastener. The hammer has a shaft and a hammer head, and the hammer head has a claw. The hammer head has two slots and two bores. The frame has a fulcrum portion and two arms, wherein the arms are received in the slots. The frame is moved along the slots between a first position, in which the fulcrum portion is proximal to the hammer head, and a second position, in which fulcrum portion is distal to the hammer head. The fastener has two pins to be inserted into the bores when the frame is moved to the first position or at the second position.

Abstract: The locking pliers comprise a first handle connected to a fixed jaw. A second handle and second jaw are pivotable relative to the first handle and first jaw such that relative movement of the handles causes the jaws to open and close. A toggle-locking mechanism locks the jaws in the closed position. An adjustment screw is provided to vary the effective length of the toggle locking mechanism to control the distance between the jaws in the closed position and to thereby control the force applied by the jaws. The adjustment screw comprises a head that has a knurled outer periphery that can be manually manipulated. A socket is formed in the transverse face of the screw head that is disposed along the longitudinal rotational axis of the screw. The socket has an internal configuration that receives a torque applying tool.

Abstract: A foldable tool kit including a case having two sideboards and several tools side by side arranged between the two sideboards. Each of the tools has a rod body, a pivoted end formed with a pivot hole and an operation end for driving a threaded member. The tools are pivotally disposed at at least one end of the case via a pivot shaft. The foldable tool kit is flattened and lightweight and has beautified appearance. The volume of the foldable tool kit is minimized so that it is easy to carry and store the foldable tool kit.

Abstract: A tool is provided for driving fasteners that includes a torque limiting mechanism therein. The torque limiting mechanism includes a first frictional engagement member disposed on the drive shaft for the tool that is engaged by one or more second frictional engagement members disposed on one or more sides of the first frictional member. The second frictional engagement members are biased into engagement with the first member by biasing members disposed within the handle that can be adjusted in order to provide more or less of a biasing force to control the frictional engagement of the second member with the first member and thereby control the torque limiting function of the torque limiting mechanism. In addition, a drive shaft is also engaged with a ratcheting mechanism that enables the tool to drive a fastener into a suitable substrate in only a single direction.

Abstract: Fastening devices and apparatuses for providing an appropriate amount of torque in a fastening system. Particularly, fastening devices and apparatuses configured to inform a user when an appropriate amount of torque as been used when fastening the fastening device to a designated object.

Abstract: The present invention is a tool handle and method of use that has an ergonomic configuration including a proximal grip, medial portion and distal grip having three angular inflections in the same vertical plane allowing greater ease of use.

Abstract: A method of cutting a sheet of fiber-cement and cutting machine programmed to effect such a method is disclosed. The method includes aligning a cutting plane of the sheet with at least one blade of a first cutting station. The sheet is cut along the cutting plane to sever a strip from the sheet. A plank is formed either by the act of severing the strip from the sheet or by advancing the sheet along the path to align another cutting plane of the sheet and cutting the sheet along the cutting plane with the at least one cutting blade. The plank so formed is advanced along a path to a second cutting station.

Abstract: A Multi slicer comprised of 1 handle pressing mechanism 2 adjustable blade apparatus 3 hinging mechanism 4 blade locking mechanism 5 platform apparatus.

Abstract: A method of cutting a product of a predetermined shape from a sheet material (1) by firstly supporting a sheet material in a first position by a first support means (2) whereafter she sheet (1) may be cut through by moving a line type cutter (7) relative to the sheet material on a line or lines to define part of the predetermined shape. The sheet material may then be supported in a second position (whether by the first support means or another support means (2a, 2b)) and again cut by moving a line type cutter relative to the sheet material on a line or lines to define the remaining perimeter of the predetermined shape, to thereby cut the predetermined shape from the sheet material. In the second position the sheet material is provided with upward support to support the predetermined shape to be cut from the sheet material and wherein in the second position the or another support means includes a through cut commensurate to the line or lines to define the remaining perimeter of the predetermined shape.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for automatically trimming a plurality of printed products in a trimming apparatus having at least one trimming station including at least one blade positioned on a moveable yoke. The plurality of printed products are supplied successively through a feeding conveyor to the trimming station. Each of the plurality of printed products is transported within the trimming station via a trimming transport device to a predetermined position for trimming. The phase position of the feeding conveyor is adjusted relative to the moveable yoke for each of the plurality of printed products according to the format width of the printed product extending in a conveying direction.

Abstract: A power tool machine includes a base, a fence, a cutting arm, a motor, a saw blade and a holding apparatus. The base has an operating surface for supporting a workpiece. The fence mounted on the operating surface has a standing surface substantially perpendicular to the operating surface for abutted by a side of the workpiece. The cutting arm pivotally coupled to the base. The saw blade mounted to the cutting arm is rotatable by the motor. The holding apparatus includes a supporting device mounted on the base, a connecting device including a body connected to the supporting device, wherein a length direction of the connecting device is substantially perpendicular to a length direction of the supporting device, an adjustable device pivotally coupled to the connecting device, and a pressing device connected to the adjustable device for selectively pressing another side of the workpiece.

Abstract: A punch retainer can utilize a spring passage to retain a locking ball and a spring. A retaining member can be disposed in the spring passage to hold the spring and ball therein and to impart a desired compressive force on the spring. The retaining member can be axially aligned with the centerline of the spring passage and can axially compress the spring. The retaining member can be adjusted to adjust the compression of the spring. A single dowel passage can be utilized to accurately align the retainer in a desired orientation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device which is used to cut feedthroughs into a free surface (11) of a block (1) of insulating material, such as expanded polystyrene or polyurethane. The inventive device (2) comprises: a base (20) which rests on the free surface (11) by means of a lower face (21), a handle (30) which is fixed to the base (20), and blades (40) which are solidly connected to the base (20) or handle (30) and which project out beneath the lower face (21).