Abstract: An electrodeless plasma lamp is described comprising a lamp body including a solid dielectric material. The lamp includes a bulb received at least partially within an opening in the solid dielectric material and a radio frequency (RF) feed configured to provide power to the solid dielectric material. A conductive material is provided adjacent to the bulb to concentrate the power proximate the bulb. The conductive material may be located below an upper surface of the solid dielectric material. The conductive material may modify at least a portion of an electric field proximate the bulb so that the portion of the electric field is oriented substantially parallel to an upper surface of the lamp body.

Abstract: A device and method is presented for achieving a high field emission from the application of a low electric field. More specifically, the device includes a substrate wherein a plurality of nanostructures are grown on the substrate. The relationship of the nanostructures and the substrate (the relationship includes the number of nanostructures on the substrate, the orientation of the nanostructures in relationship to each other and in relationship to the substrate, the geometry of the substrate, the morphology of the nanostructures and the morphology of the substrate, the manner in which nanostructures are grown on the substrate, the composition of nanostructure and composition of substrate, etc) allow for the generation of the high field emission from the application of the low electric field.

Abstract: A carbon nanotube field emitting display including a cathode substrate and an anode substrate is provided. The anode substrate is disposed on the cathode substrate and includes a first substrate, a fluorescence material layer, an anode electrode and a plurality of color filter membranes. The first substrate has a first surface and a second surface, and the first surface faces the cathode substrate. The anode electrode is disposed on the first surface of the first substrate. The fluorescence material layer is disposed between the anode electrode and the cathode substrate. The color filter membranes are disposed between the fluorescence material layer and the first substrate or on the second surface of the first substrate. As described above, a carbon nanotube field emitting display with better display quality is provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cathode plate of the field emission display and the fabrication method thereof. The emission layer is formed on the electrode layer within the trench in a self-aligned way by screen printing or ink-jetting. Since the emission layer is accurately aligned with the electrode layer, the pattern quality is improved and the overflow or disrupture problems in screen printing are alleviated.

Abstract: A field emission electron source includes at least one electron emission member. Each electron emission member includes a conductive body and an electron emission layer formed on the conductive body. The conductive body has an upper portion. The electron emission layer is formed on, at least, the upper portion of the conductive body. The electron emission layer includes a glass matrix; and at least one carbon nanotube, and a plurality of metallic conductive particles and getter powders dispersed in the glass matrix. A method for making such field emission electron source is also provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to a triode type cathode structure comprising a cathode conductor (22), an electrical insulation layer (24) and a grid electrode (25), superposed on a support (21), the electrical insulation layer and the grid electrode comprising openings exposing at least one electron emitting element, electrically connected to the cathode conductor (22) and comprising nanotubes (28) made of an electron emitting material. The cathode structure comprises protective means preventing the longest nanotubes from coming into contact with the grid electrode (25).

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment, the hollow cathode is comprised of a first tantalum tube, tantalum foil, and a second tantalum tube. The foil is in the form of a spiral winding around the outside of the first tube and is held in place by the second tube, which surrounds the foil. One end of the second tube is approximately flush with one end of the first tube. The other end of the second tube extends to a cathode support through which the working gas flows. To start the cathode, a flow of ionizable inert gas, usually argon, is initiated through the hollow cathode and out the open end of the first tube. An electrical discharge is then started between an external electrode and the first tube. When the first tube is heated to operating temperature, electrons are emitted from the open end of the first tube.

Abstract: A deflection device includes a first magnetic field generator, which generates a magnetic field of the same polarity as that of a vertical deflection magnetic field during upward deflection, on an upper side from an XZ-plane, a second magnetic field generator, which generates a magnetic field of the same polarity as that of a vertical deflection magnetic field during downward deflection, on a lower side from the XZ-plane, a third magnetic field generator, which generates a magnetic field of a polarity opposite to that of the vertical deflection magnetic field during upward deflection, on the upper side from the XZ-plane, and a fourth magnetic field generator, which generates a magnetic field of a polarity opposite to that of the vertical deflection magnetic field during downward deflection, on the lower side from the XZ-plane.

Abstract: For enhancing emission efficiency and color rendering of light emitting device, it comprises: a light source 3; a first emitting section 4 having a luminescent material emitting light including a wavelength component longer than that of light from said light source 3 when excited by light from light source 3; a second emitting section 5 having a luminescent material emitting light including a wavelength component longer than that of light from first emitting section 4 when excited by light from light source 3 and first emitting section 4; and a light exit side 1A from which light from light source 3, first light-emitting section 4 and second light-emitting section 5 emerges outside; wherein first emitting section 4 and second emitting section 5 are opened at light exit side 1A, and area of boundary surface X1 between first emitting section 4 and second emitting section 5 is equal to or less than fifty percent of surface area of first emitting section 4.

Abstract: A light emitting device having a simple structure and high decorating characteristics is provided. The light emitting device comprises an emission source for outputting lights having different colors from different emission parts; and a transmitting resin having a conically shaped reflection surface for reflecting lights output from each of the emission parts, and covering the light emitting source, wherein the emission source is provided so that one or more of the emission parts are located away from a central axis of the conical shape.

Abstract: An image display apparatus is provided which is capable of suppressing generation of cracks to be caused by a load applied to a partition disposed between an anode panel and a cathode panel. The partition for retaining a predetermined distance between back and front substrates by using bonding material is constituted of a partition main body and an electric conducting layer coated on the outer peripheral surface of the partition main body. The partition main body has curved portions at the corners of upper and lower end portions, the curved portions contacting the back and front substrates. It is possible to prevent damages of an electrode to be caused by a mechanical load applied to cathode and anode panels having electrodes on opposing surfaces.

Abstract: A field emission double-plane light source includes a first anode, a second anode, and a cathode separately arranged between the first and second anodes. Each of the first and second anodes includes an anode substrate, an anode conductive layer formed on a surface of the anode substrate, and a fluorescent layer formed on the anode conductive layer. The cathode has a metallic based network with two opposite surfaces, each facing a respective one of the first and second anodes. Each of the surfaces of the network has a respective electron emission layer thereon facing a corresponding fluorescent layer of one of the first and second anodes. Each of the electron emission layers includes a glass matrix, and a plurality of carbon nanotubes, metallic conductive particles, and getter powders dispersed in the glass matrix. A method for making such field emission double-plane light source is also provided.

Abstract: A field emission plane light source generally incorporates an anode and a cathode. The anode includes an anode substrate, an anode conductive layer formed on a surface of the anode substrate, and a fluorescent layer formed on the anode conductive layer. The cathode includes a cathode substrate facing and separated from the anode substrate, a cathode conductive layer formed on a surface of the cathode substrate, and an electron emission layer formed on the cathode conductive layer and facing the fluorescent layer of the anode. The cathode and anode substrates have a seal formed therebetween. The electron emission layer includes a glass matrix and a plurality of carbon nanotubes, metallic conductive particles and getter powders dispersed therein. A method for making such field emission plane light source is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a low-cost light-emitting diode having little irregular color. A light-emitting diode converts light of a first light emission wavelength emitted from an LED as a primary light emission source into light of a second light emission wavelength, using one or a few kinds of phosphor materials. A thin film mainly made of a phosphor material is applied to a light extracting surface of the LED as the primary light emission source, thereby converting a wavelength and emitting light of the secondary light emission wavelength.

Abstract: A display device including an insulating substrate including a display region, a light emitting layer formed within the display region, a plurality of voltage pads formed in a non-display region of the insulating substrate and supplying a predetermined voltage to the display region, a circuit board connected with a lateral side of the insulating substrate and outputting a voltage to be supplied to the voltage pads, and a printed circuit film connecting the voltage pads and the circuit board. The printed circuit film is partially overlapped with the display region.

Abstract: A process for producing an emissive device including a first emissive layer composed of a first material that emits light of a first color, a second emissive layer composed of a second material that emits light of a second color different from the first color, and a third emissive layer that emits light of a third color by stacking at least the first material and the second material, the third color being different from both of the first color and the second color, the process includes (1) feeding the first material to a side adjacent to a first face of at least one first electrode by a gas-phase process with a first mask to form films, the first mask having an opening for forming the first emissive layer and having an opening for forming the third emissive layer; (2) feeding the second material to the side adjacent to the first face of each first electrode by a gas-phase process to form the emissive layers while a second mask having an opening for forming the second emissive layer and having an opening for f

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment of a display device includes a substrate, a transistor disposed on the substrate, a passivation layer which substantially covers the transistor, an organic layer disposed on the passivation layer which generates light to an outside, and a light efficiency improving layer including a first inorganic layer and a second inorganic layer which are sequentially disposed between the organic layer and the outside.

Abstract: The present invention provides a light-emitting device having an excitation source which emits a light having a wavelength of from 420 to 500 nm and a phosphor in combination, and having a high luminance. A light-emitting device having a first illuminant which emits a light having a wavelength of 420 to 500 nm and a second illuminant which emits a visible light when irradiated with the light from the first illuminant, characterized in that the second illuminant contains a phosphor, and the object color of the phosphor satisfies L*?90, ?22?a*??10, and b*?55, in the L*, a*, b* color system.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode (OLED) formed on an opaque flexible substrate is disclosed. The opaque flexible substrate is composed of one of the following: (i) a plastic layer laminated to or coated with a metal layer, (ii) a metal layer sandwiched between two plastic layers, or (iii) a metal foil. When the OLED is formed on a metal surface of the flexible substrate, the metal surface may be coated with an isolation layer. The isolation layer may be a spin-coated polymer layer or a dielectric layer. The metal in the flexible substrate serves as a barrier to minimize the permeation of oxygen and moisture to the OLED. In addition, the OLED is provided with a transparent or semi-transparent upper electrode so that light can emit through the upper electrode.

Abstract: A top-emitting OLED device including a substrate; a reflective and conductive first electrode including a metal or metal alloy or both formed over the substrate; at least one organic layer formed over the first electrode and including an emissive layer having electroluminescent material; and a semitransparent, reflective and conductive second electrode provided over the organic layer, wherein the second electrode includes a first layer having material M, wherein M is a metal, and a second layer providing an anti-absorption function in contact with the first layer and having a compound M?X , wherein M? is a ‘metal and X is a non-metal, wherein M?X has a free energy of formation [equal to or ]more negative than the free energy of formation of MX.

Abstract: A bottom-emitting organic light-emitting diode (OLED) device, comprising: a transparent substrate; an optical isolation cavity formed over the substrate having a refractive index lower than the refractive index of the substrate; a transparent electrode formed over the optical isolation cavity; one or more layers of organic light-emitting material formed over the transparent electrode; a second electrode formed over the one or more layers of organic light-emitting material; and a light-scattering layer formed over the optical isolation cavity; wherein the transparent electrode or a second layer formed between the optical isolation cavity and the transparent electrode comprises one or more openings leading to the optical isolation cavity, and the cavity is formed by etching a sacrificial layer deposited between the substrate and the transparent electrode or the second layer through the one or more openings.

Abstract: A material for an organic EL device conatining a novel naphthacene derivative; a luminescent material containing a novel naphthacene derivative; and an organic electroluminescent device including one or more organic layers interposed between a cathode and an anode, and at least one layer of the organic layers containing a naphthacene derivative represented by the following formula (1) or (2).

Abstract: It is an object to provide a novel bipolar organic compound. In particular, it is an object to provide a bipolar organic compound excellent in thermal stability. Further, it is another object to provide a bipolar organic compound which is electrochemically stable. A quinoxaline derivative represented by a general formula (1) is provided. Further, since the quinoxaline derivative represented by the general formula (1) is bipolar, the use of the quinoxaline derivative of the present invention allows fabrication of a light-emitting element and a light-emitting device with a low driving voltage and low power consumption. Furthermore, a light-emitting element with high luminous efficiency can be obtained.

Abstract: Systems for displaying images and fabrication method thereof are provided. A representative system incorporates an active matrix electroluminescent device that comprises a plurality of pixel area. An ink-jet printing color filter layer is formed in each pixel area. Each ink-jet printing color filter layer is surrounded with a dam. A planarization layer is formed on the pixel areas, covering the ink-jet printing color filter layers and the dams. An organic light diode, comprising an anode, electroluminescent layers, and a cathode, is formed on the planarization layer, directly over the ink-jet printing color filter layer.

Abstract: It is an object to provide an element structure which is suitable for a light-emitting element using a phosphorescent compound. It is another object to provide a light-emitting element with high luminous efficiency by using the element structure. In particular, it is another object to provide a light-emitting element with high luminous efficiency and long life. A light-emitting element is manufactured, which includes a first light-emitting layer and a second light-emitting layer provided to be in contact with each other between a first electrode and a second electrode, where the first light-emitting layer includes a hole transporting host material and a phosphorescent compound, and the second light-emitting layer includes an electron transporting host material and the phosphorescent compound.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes a plurality of pixels. Each of the pixels includes a light emitting element, a first thin film transistor, and a capacitor. The light emitting element has a light emitting region. The first thin film transistor is arranged outside the light emitting region in plan view. The capacitor is arranged inside the light emitting region in plan view.

Abstract: An organic EL element has a capping layer formed on a cathode layer. The capping layer contains a pigment that absorbs light that has a wavelength that is different from a wavelength of the light emitted from a light emitting layer, and has a reflectance that is higher at interface in multi-layered structure than a reflectance of the light emitted from the light emitting layer. The capping layer prevents incident light from outside from returning to the outside of the organic EL element.

Abstract: When a light-emitting element having an intermediate conductive layer between a plurality of light-emitting layers is formed, the intermediate conductive layer can have transparency; and thus, materials are largely limited and the manufacturing process of an element becomes complicated by a conventional method. A light-emitting element according to the present invention is formed by sequentially stacking a pixel electrode, a first light-emitting layer, an intermediate conductive layer (including an electron injecting layer and a hole-injecting layer, one of which is island-like), a second light-emitting layer and an opposite electrode.

Abstract: A display device in which variations in luminance due to variations in characteristics of transistors are reduced, and image quality degradation due to variations in resistance values is prevented. The invention comprises a transistor whose channel portion is formed of an amorphous semiconductor or an organic semiconductor, a connecting wiring connected to a source electrode or a drain electrode of the transistor, a light emitting element having a laminated structure which includes a pixel electrode, an electro luminescent layer, and a counter electrode, an insulating layer surrounding an end portion of the pixel electrode, and an auxiliary wiring formed in the same layer as a gate electrode of the transistor, a connecting wiring, or the pixel electrode. Further, the connecting wiring is connected to the pixel electrode, and the auxiliary wiring is connected to the counter electrode via an opening portion provided in the insulating layer.

Abstract: A light emitting device and the method for producing the same are disclosed. The light emitting device has at least a light emitting unit with a first electrode and a second electrode for generating a light source when powered on, a conductive element electrically coupled to the first electrode of the light emitting unit and a substrate having a carrier portion for carrying the light emitting unit and a heat dissipating portion extending from the carrier portion and electrically coupled to the second electrode of the light emitting unit, in which the conductive element is disposed on a side of a planar face of the heat dissipating portion, thereby allowing large contact area to be established between the heat dissipating portion and a sub-heat-dissipating system or air so as to achieve good heat dissipation.

Abstract: A organic light-emitting device includes a substrate including at least a base material, at least one organic light-emitting element which includes (a) a pair of electrodes provided on the substrate and an organic compound layer disposed between the pair of electrodes, and (b) provides a light-emitting area, an inorganic sealing layer provided on the organic light-emitting element and the surface of the substrate, and an adhesion layer which is provided between the substrate and the inorganic sealing layer and only on the periphery of the light-emitting area for closely contacting the surface of the substrate and the inorganic sealing layer, and inhibits moisture from intruding at an edge of the inorganic sealing layer.

Abstract: An organic light emitting apparatus obtained by dividing a plurality of organic light emitting apparatuses that are integrally formed, including a substrate; an organic light emitting device which is placed on the substrate and has a first electrode, an organic compound layer and a second electrode provided on the substrate in this order; and an inorganic moisture barrier layer formed on the organic light emitting device to cover the organic light emitting device. The inorganic moisture barrier layer has, around the organic light emitting device, a division end formed by dividing the inorganic moisture barrier layer, and the division end of the inorganic moisture barrier layer has a thickness smaller than the inorganic moisture barrier layer on the organic light emitting device.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic light-emitting device which can prevent a covering member from being damaged or peeled off, and which can be manufactured with excellent productivity and cost performance; and a method for manufacturing the organic light-emitting device. The covering member has a chamfer formed on the side of a face of the covering member on a reverse side to the side of an organic light-emitting element.

Abstract: A plasma display panel includes a first panel. The plasma display panel also includes a second panel that includes a first protective film including a material having a work function that is lower than a work function of magnesium oxide, and a second protective film positioned between the first protective film and the first panel and including magnesium oxide. The plasma display panel also includes barrier ribs positioned between the first and second panels and configured to integrally join the first and second panels.

Abstract: The elongate bulb (1) of the lamp, which defines a longitudinal axis (A), is closed at opposite ends by sealing parts (6; 32), with in each case one cap being fitted at one end, the cap having an electrical contact element (13; 25) which is connected in an electrically conductive manner to a supply conductor (15; 21) leading to a luminous means, the contact element being accommodated in a tubular extension (11; 22) of the sealing part; the contact element (13; 25) has an attachment part (14; 24) which is directed inward toward the lamp interior and is equipped with at least two barbs (20; 26) which are in contact with the tubular extension (11; 21).

Abstract: A high-pressure discharge lamp for vehicle headlights has a power consumption of less than 100 watt. The high-pressure discharge lamp includes a quartz glass discharge recipient (10) having two opposing ends (101, 102) which are sealed by molybdenum films (103, 104). Two electrodes (11, 12) which are respectively connected to one of the molybdenum films (103, 104), and an ionisable filler containing xenon and a halogenide of sodium and scandium, are arranged in the inner region (106) of the discharge recipient (10), for producing a gas discharge. The minimum distance (A) between the respective molybdenum film (103, 104) and the end of the electrode (11, 12) which is connected thereto and protrudes into the inner region (106) of the discharge recipient (10) is more than 5 mm.

Abstract: A flat fluorescent lamp is provided. Wherein, a discharge gas is disposed in a chamber, and a fluorescent material is disposed on a first inner wall and a second inner wall of the chamber. First electrode sets are disposed on the first inner wall, and second electrode sets aligned with the first electrodes sets are disposed on the second inner wall. A dielectric layer overlies the electrode sets. Each first electrode set comprises two first electrodes and a second electrode disposed between these first electrodes. Each second electrode set comprises two third electrodes and a fourth electrode disposed between these third electrodes. A first light-emitting area and a second light-emitting area are formed in each pair of the corresponding first and second electrode sets, and the projections of the first and second light-emitting areas on the first inner wall are not overlaid or just partially overlaid.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a low-pressure gas discharge lamp provided with a gas discharge vessel containing a gas filling with an zinc compound and a buffer gas, which low-pressure gas discharge lamp is also provided with electrodes and means for generating and maintaining a low-pressure gas discharge.

Abstract: A vehicle LED lamp controller connected between one DC power source and multiple LED elements has a starting circuit, a preheating circuit and a current limitation circuit. The starting circuit is connected to the power source through the preheating circuit and connected to the multiple LED elements. The preheating circuit provides a continuous small current to the multiple LED elements to preheat the LED elements when the preheating circuit detects the temperature environment is low. The current limitation circuit is connected between the DC power source and multiple LED elements to automatically connect or disconnect a connection between the multiple LED elements and the DC power source according to changes of current supplied to the multiple LED elements. Therefore, the present invention provides a safety circuit loop.

Abstract: The invention provides an LED current balancing circuit, comprising a first and a second LED set coupled to a voltage source, a first transistor, and a second transistor. The first LED set comprises a first loader. The first transistor and the second transistor form a current balancing circuit for adjusting currents passing through the first and second LED sets.

Abstract: A driver for HID lamps comprises four switches and generates a constant DC current that is commutated at a low frequency. The driver comprises a filter capacitor. The occurrence of peak currents due to the charging or discharging of the filter capacitor is prevented by driving one of the switches at a high frequency immediately after commutation.

Abstract: The electron emitting device 10 includes a substrate 11, a lower electrode 12, an emitter section 13, an upper electrode 14. The upper electrode disposed above the emitter section to oppose the lower electrode so as to sandwich the emitter section with the lower electrode. The upper electrode has a plurality of micro through holes. The upper electrode is configured in such a manner that distance t1 (gap distance t1) between the lower surface of the upper electrode in the vicinity of the micro through holes 14c and the upper surface of the emitter section is substantially constant for any of the micro through holes.

Abstract: A flat panel field emission device includes a black matrix formed from an electrically insulative material such as praseodymium-manganese oxide. The insulative black matrix increases image contrast and reduces power consumption. For field emission devices which utilize a switched anode for selectively activating pixels, the insulative material reduces or eliminates problems associated with short circuiting of the pixels.

Abstract: A switching regulator includes a power stage, an output capacitor, a first reference voltage generator, a comparator, a constant-time trigger, a frequency-to-voltage converter, and an error amplifier. The power stage includes a first switch, a second switch coupled to the first switch, and an output inductor. The comparator is coupled to the output capacitor, and output inductor, and the first reference voltage generator. The constant-time trigger is coupled to the comparator and the power stage. The error amplifier includes a first input end coupled to the frequency-to-voltage converter, a second input end, and an output end coupled to the constant-time trigger.

Abstract: A projector includes a lamp drive circuit which drives a lamp, and a lamp drive current detection unit which detects the lamp drive current. Based upon the lamp drive current which is detected, the lamp drive circuit controls the lamp drive current by PWM control, so as to drive the lamp at constant power. A control unit detects the pulse width of this PWM control signal for the lamp several times, after a constant time period has elapsed from when the power supply is turned ON, and includes a lamp shorted out decision unit which decides that the lamp is shorted out, if all of these pulse widths which have thus been detected are less than or equal to a predetermined width.

Abstract: A hybrid electroluminescent (EL) device comprises at least one inorganic diode element and at least one organic EL element that are electrically connected in series. The absolute value of the breakdown voltage of the inorganic diode element is greater than the absolute value of the maximum reverse bias voltage across the series. The inorganic diode element can be a power diode, a Schottky barrier diode, or a light-emitting diode.

Abstract: A high efficiency electronic ballast for large power metal halide lamp includes a power input circuit, a power factor correction circuit, a secondary power supply, a control circuit, a half bridge power converter, a resonant starting circuit, and lamp current on/off detector. The half bridge power converter has two DC block output capacitor to protect the converter when the output is shorted to ground. The operation frequency of the converter is chosen in the weak area of the acoustic resonant to avoid the acoustic resonant in the lamp. The control circuit adds a method for deep frequency and amplitude modulation and delay control function to the converter. For fine sweep pass through the output resonance point for igniting high voltage, two sweep rate control circuits are added. The metal halide lamp can be operated with very stable from starting to normal operation with high electronic ballast system efficiency.

Abstract: A system of extra-low voltage outdoor lighting is disclosed in which any number of light fixtures each have an individual control module, internal to the fixture or external to the fixture. The control module allows for the use of a power supply transformer (120 volt AC) manufactured to supply power to the extra-low voltage secondary transmission conductors, ranging from 12 volts up to a maximum of 30 volts AC, thus in some instances carrying voltage which is significantly higher than standard to the said control module. Each extra-low voltage fixture of 12 volts is fed from this over-voltage transformer through extra-low voltage secondary transmission conductors and through the control module, which rectifies the supply voltage to DC and then regulates that same voltage.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments provide a method and apparatus for visual enhancement of liquid crystal displays. A microprocessor or embedded microcontroller associated with visual enhancement circuit modules allows a single inverter to control the intensity of illumination for an array of multiple CCFLs. The microcontroller continuously senses the operating currents of every lamp and adjusts for variations in illumination of individual lamps by parallel switching of capacitance that ensures an equal current is applied to each lamp. The microcontroller produces the appropriate control signals and executes a digital servo control algorithm to modify the currents for carrying out the luminance adjustments.

Abstract: A system is provided for positioning an article. In this regard, one embodiment of the system, among others, can be broadly summarized as follows. The system contains a frame and a series of actuators connected to the frame, where the series of actuators contains at least one armature therein. The at least one armature is connected to an article and the series of actuators provides a force on the at least one armature to actuate movement of the at least one armature, thereby causing movement of the article. Each actuator further contains at least one winding set capable of providing a coil flux, at least one permanent magnet capable of providing a permanent magnet flux, and a magnetically conductive core having the permanent magnet therein and at least a portion of the at least one winding set therein. The series of actuators provides the at least one armature and the article with more than one degree of freedom.