Abstract: A user is provided with a transmitter, for example, an activated barrier movement operator code transmitter. The transmitter includes an indicator such as an illumination device. A proximity sensor senses the proximity of a portion of a user (e.g., the hand of the user) to the transmitter. Subsequently, the indicator (e.g., the illumination device) is actuated to illuminate a portion of the code transmitter to facilitate the visibility of at least one transmitter function to the user.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment, an apparatus is provided for generating an alert signal when a fastener for closing and opening a clothing item is open. The apparatus comprises a first unit for detecting that the fastener is open; a second unit for detecting that the clothing item is worn; and an alert mechanism for generating an alert signal when the first unit detects that the fastener is open and the second unit detects that the clothing item is worn.

Abstract: The system includes a number of first meters, which are typically battery powered transmit only devices. The system includes a number of two-way meters, which are operable to both transmit and receive data. The first meters transmit their data to the collector either directly or indirectly via the two-way meters, which serve as intermediaries. Multiple records from each first meter may be stored at each of the two-way meters, thereby ensuring that records from a one-way meter will not be blocked when an attempt is made to forward them to the collector. Furthermore, multiple records from each first meter may be stored at the collector, thereby enabling the transmission and storage of meter records in a number of different formats. Additionally, records from each first meter are marked to reflect a sequence in which they are generated, thereby ensuring that the collector will store the most recent data records available.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a NOTIFICATION APPARATUS comprising a behavior detecting unit for detecting a behavior of a vehicle, a video display unit for displaying a video, an imaging unit for acquiring a video showing the front of the vehicle in a traveling direction; and a control unit for controlling a display mode of the acquired video displayed by the video display means in accordance with the behavior detected by the behavior detecting unit, thereby displaying the video taken by the imaging unit selectively in a full screen of the video display unit by an interrupt way and a split screen of the video display unit while the television picture is displayed. The notification apparatus thus constructed can enhance riding comfort of vehicle passengers even though the vehicle passengers may watch, for example, a television picture.

Abstract: A system for displaying an external view of a vehicle is provided. The system may comprise a video camera for capturing images external to the vehicle and a display for displaying the images for the vehicle operator. The camera is powered by electrically connecting it to the reverse lamp power line and is operable to continuously capture images when powered. The camera may be mounted in a license plate frame to further simplify installation. The camera may communicate with the display through a wireless connection. The receiver and display may be mounted in the field of view of the vehicle operator, such as on the dashboard of the vehicle.

Abstract: A traffic sensor is mounted at a fixed location to monitor multiple lanes of traffic. The traffic sensor (a) generates a programmable time-varying modulating signal; (b) generates a modulated microwave signal based on the programmable time-varying modulating signal; (c) radiates the modulated microwave signal in a radiation beam at an object; (d) provides a proportional calibration signal based on the modulated microwave signal; (e) measures parameters of the calibration signal, and (f) corrects the programmable time-varying modulating signal based on the parameters of the calibration signal.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for acquiring data from an instrument panel or the like by obtaining images of the panel and optically identifying readings of the instruments in the image. The readings are in the form of geometrically identifiable forms having a meaning according to predetermined criteria. A coded data stream is created representative of the identified readings and transmitted to another location. The received data stream is then encoded and displayed on a virtual image of the instrument panel. The data stream can also be stored.

Abstract: In the measurement system for an aircraft according to the present invention, the three-axis components of the airspeed of the aircraft, the three-axis components of the wind speed currently encountered by the aircraft, and the wind speed distribution ahead of the aircraft, are measured simultaneously, by providing a Doppler anemometer which measures the airflow speeds at a plurality of points separated by a prescribed distance in the beam irradiation direction, and an inertial data measurement device which measures the movement information and positional information of the aircraft. Furthermore, in the measurement system for an aircraft according to the present invention, the measurement accuracy of the device is improved by providing means for obtaining information the movement and positional information of the aircraft during measurement, from the inertial data measurement device, and for correcting the measurement values from the Doppler anemometer by means of the information.

Abstract: A miniaturized keyboard clusters character input groups operable by one finger into an integrated single key. It has a keyboard base to hold a plurality of the integrated single keys. Each integrated single key has a touch sensitive pad and is divided into at least one segment. Each segment corresponds to a character. Thus the character input groups operable by one finger are clustered on one integrated single key. The integrated single key can generate different input characters depending on different finger positions. Hence the keyboard may be shrunk, and the number of keys and input error can be reduced.

Abstract: The present invention provides a component-based tool for converting a data source from a first format into a second format. Specifically, the present invention includes reusable importer and resource writer components. Each importer component is designed to import all or a portion of a data source of a particular first data type and convert this data source from the first data type into an intermediate data type. A resource writer component may then convert the data source in the intermediate data type into an application artifact in the specific second data format that corresponds to the resource writer. Furthermore, a framework may be included within which the appropriate importer and resource writer may be stored and/or chosen from a plurality of importers and resource writers for performing a required conversion.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a decoding device. The decoding device includes a scaling unit for adjusting a received signal according to a scaling coefficient to generate a scaled signal; a quantizer coupled to the scaling unit for generating a quantized signal by quantizing the scaled signal; a soft decision decoder coupled to the quantizer for decoding the quantized signal to generate a decoded signal; and a scaling coefficient generating unit coupled to the scaling unit for generating the scaling coefficient according to a system information of the decoding device.

Abstract: An error canceling comparator based switch capacitor (CBSC) circuit cyclically works through multiple phases including a sampling phase and a transfer phase. During the sampling phase, an input voltage and also an error due to circuit non-idealities are sampled. During the transfer phase, the sampled input voltage is amplified by a fixed ratio and transferred to an output load, while the error is cancelled by reversing the polarity of connection for an internal capacitor within the CBSC circuit.

Abstract: A noise shaping comparator based switch capacitor (CBSC) comprises a comparator, a charge pump, a plurality of capacitors, and a plurality of shufflers. Each shuffler is controlled by a logical signal to determine a polarity of connection for a circuit element within the CBSC circuit. The CBSC circuit operates cyclically through a sampling phase and a transfer phase. During the sampling phase, the CBSC circuit samples an input voltage; during the transfer phase, the CBSC circuit amplifies the sampled input voltage by a ratio and transfers a first resultant voltage to a load using the charge pump circuit. A noise induced by the CBSC circuit due to circuit non-idealities is thus modulated by the logical signal. The noise is therefore spectrally shaped into having a spectral characteristics determined by the logical signal.

Abstract: A circuit for converting the capacitive signal change of a differential capacitor into digital signals, the circuit including a sigma delta modulator. The differential capacitor is a component of the signal feed structure and the reference feedback structure of the sigma delta modulator.

Abstract: Ultrasound information for B-mode and CW Doppler mode use the same digital beamformer. Due to sigma-delta conversion or over sampling, sufficient dynamic range is provided for the desired bandwidth. By mixing the input ultrasound information to base band before conversion, additional dynamic range may be provided. The electrical impedance may be better matched to elements by connecting a different number of sigma-delta converters to an element. Elements with lower impedance may be connected to a plurality of sigma-delta converters. To increase the aperture size for elements with a higher impedance, the same sigma-delta converters may be used as separate receive beamformer channels without the summation.

Abstract: An analog-digital delta-sigma converter includes a plurality of continuous time integrators for performing a delta-sigma modulation. Each integrator includes at least one charge sharing integrator at a modulator input. One or more pure integrators follow the charge sharing integrator.

Abstract: A programmable Sigma-Delta Modulator (SDM) includes a first input to select an oversampling rate (OSR), which has a corresponding resonator coefficient value to provide an optimal notch in the Noise Transfer Function (NTF).

Abstract: Embodiments of a digital-to-analog converter are disclosed.

Abstract: Providing interpolated signals with enhanced signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR). In an embodiment, for each digital sample (of an analog signal) having strength Dn, N values are inserted, with the kth inserted value having a strength of Dn(1±Dk), wherein Dk is selected randomly from within a range set according to quantization noise. The received digital samples along with inserted digital values are provided as the interpolated signal corresponding to the input signal represented by the received digital samples.

Abstract: An exemplary data driver chip (23) includes a multiplexer (31); a first digital/analog (D/A) converter (32); and a second digital/analog (D/A) converter (33). The multiplexer receives a multiplex data stream and decomposes the multiplex data stream to a first signal and a second signal, and respectively sends the first and second signals to the first and the second D/A converters. The first D/A converter converts the first signal to an analog gamma voltage to the second D/A converter, and the second D/A converter converts the second signal to analog video signal according to the analog gamma voltage.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter based on an interleaving architecture is disclosed. The analog-to-digital converter can include a first sample and hold circuit for sampling and temporarily storing a first input signal. The analog-to-digital converter can also include a comparator for converting the sampled first input signal into a digital signal in a first time period. The analog-to-digital converter can further include a second sample and hold circuit for sampling and temporarily storing a second input signal in a second time period. The second time period at least partially overlaps with the first time period.

Abstract: An appliance-identifying unit identifies an appliance to be operated, by referring to room information and position information of the appliance stored in a room-information database, based on an operation vector generated from information on a direction and a distance of the appliance. An operation-contents recognizing unit recognizes contents of an operation of the appliance. An operation-command generating unit generates an operation command for operating the appliance from an operation-command database based on the recognized contents of the operation. An operation-command transmitting unit transmits the generated operation command to the identified appliance.

Abstract: A missile or other weapons countermeasure system includes a non-directional, modulated laser energy signal designed to protect an object (such as an aircraft, land vehicle, building, or vessel). Once a potential threat has been detected, a laser energy source generates a laser energy signal of sufficient power to provide the necessary coverage. The laser energy is modulated using an oscillator to create the appropriate countermeasure signal. Next, fiber optics or other coupling device distribute the modulated laser energy signal to one or more apertures, preferably wide angle lenses or the like, disposed about the outer surface of the object to be protected. The number and location of the apertures will depend upon the circumstances of the installation as well as the desired coverage.

Abstract: Weather radar reflectivity data is compressed by converting radar data to image pixels. Next, contours are traced from select groupings of the pixels. Control points are derived from the contours. The control points represent a compressed version of the radar data and may be used to recreate and fill the contours with predefined colors or effects for purposes of visually depicting weather phenomena.

Abstract: A compact and cost-effective infrared IFF alert system for small arm based on fiber-optical (FO) technology, comprising an optical interrogator and an optical transponder, is provided. The interrogator attached to a small arm, such as a rifle, includes a FO laser diode and FO receiver, which are connected to FO graded-index lens attached to sight of the small arm via a single-mode optic fiber, an electronic unit positioned in any convenient place of the small arm, and an alarm LED attached to the sight together with the lens. The transponder, which “a friendly target”—a soldier—is equipped with, contains a set of transmitter-receiver unit and an electronic unit that are mounted on a harness attached to soldier's helmet. This IFF system, when a friendly soldier is targeted, starts visual alarm signal for the shooter and sound signal for the “friendly target” so preventing “friendly fire”.

Abstract: A radar level gauging system comprising a microwave unit for transmitting and receiving first microwaves having a first and second distinguishable characteristics, a microwave absorber adapted to be arranged in a bottom region of the tank and adapted to absorb electromagnetic energy of microwaves having one of the first and second characteristics, and processing circuitry adapted to determine the product level based on a relationship between transmitted and received microwaves. The system thus emits microwaves in two channels, and the absorber is arranged to absorb energy in only one of the channels. Using the absorbed channel, it is possible to obtain a measurement with very limited interference from the bottom, which thus will be accurate also for levels close to the bottom. Using the unabsorbed channel, it is possible to obtain a reference measurement of the distance to the reflecting part of the absorber, thus enabling verification of the of the system.

Abstract: A system includes a satellite antenna adapted to receive right hand circularly polarized radiation and left hand circularly polarized radiation over a satellite link, and a terrestrial multiple sector antenna adapted to receive terrestrial communication; wherein the satellite antenna is oriented in relation to an imaginary vertical axis that is substantially parallel to multiple elements of the terrestrial multiple sector antenna. A method includes determining an operational mode of a system that comprises a satellite antenna adapted to receive right hand circularly polarized radiation and left hand circularly polarized radiation over a satellite link, and a terrestrial multiple sector antenna adapted to receive terrestrial communication; and selecting, in response to the operational mode, which radiation to output out of the radiation received by at least one receiving element out of the satellite antenna and an antenna element of the terrestrial multiple sector antenna.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method of optimization of processing of signals from satellite positioning systems in the case where at least two satellite systems cohabit and are utilized to obtain the position of a receiver. One of the systems is given preference on the basis of a criterion of performance and the satellites of the other systems are eliminated that are situated at an azimuth/elevation angle difference less than a threshold relative to the satellites of the preferred system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mobile reference station for production of correction signals for a differential position-finding device. The system utilizes a position-finding signal receiver for reception of signals from satellites in a position-finding system, an electronic processor, which is connected by a transmission unit to a radio antenna and is designed to receive position signals from the position-finding signal receiver and to derive correction data from these position signals. The correction data can be modulated by the transmission unit onto radio frequencies and can be transmitted via the radio antenna. The processor is connected to an inertial sensor and can be operated to use signals from the inertial sensor to calculate any position change of the reference station, and to produce an error signal when the calculated magnitude of the position change exceeds a predetermined threshold value.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for estimating bias errors in a time-difference-of-arrival/frequency-difference-of-arrival (TDOA/FDOA) geolocation system using a reference signal transmitter in which position and/or motion information of the reference signal transmitter is encoded into the reference signal. The motion information may include the velocity and/or acceleration of the reference signal transmitter. The reference signal is received by multiple collection platforms operating in conjunction with a geolocation system and a reference correction processing system. The reference correction processing system receives, via the multiple collection platforms, the position and/or motion information, which is immediately and unambiguously associated with specific reference signal transmissions. The geolocation system estimates the position and/or velocity of the reference signal transmitter using conventional TDOA/FDOA techniques.

Abstract: A dual-band circularly polarized antenna is disclosed, more particularly a dual-band circularly polarized antenna being able to transmit and receive circularly polarized signals at two different frequency bands, simultaneously. The dual-band circularly polarized antenna of the present invention comprises a first polarized radiating element with at least one corner being chamfered, a plurality of second polarized radiating elements with each of the second polarized radiating elements having at least one corner being chamfered, a signal distributor for distributing an electrical signal, a signal coupling unit electrically connecting with the first polarized radiating unit and the signal distributor, and a ground plate. The dual-band circularly polarized antenna of the present invention not only can be manufactured with a low cost, but also has a simpler structure. As a result, the dual-band circularly polarized antenna of the present invention can be easily integrated into the antenna module of an RFID system.

Abstract: The invention relates to built-in antenna. Specifically, a multi-band built-in antenna having plurality of resonant frequencies and a method for adjusting resonant frequencies are provided, wherein resonant frequencies are able to be adjusted independently without affecting one another, for each resonant frequencies are adjusted separately through separate radiating elements.

Abstract: A dual-band inverted-F antenna includes a first radiating unit, a second radiating unit and a third radiating unit. The first radiating unit has a first long side and a first short side. The second radiating unit has a second long side and a second short side. The second long side is disposed opposite the first short side of the first radiating unit. The third radiating unit has a first radiating part, a second radiating part and a third radiating part. The second radiating part and the third radiating part are respectively extended from one side of the first radiating part. There is a gap between the third radiating unit and the first radiating unit.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface; a first through wiring penetrating through the semiconductor substrate from the first surface to the second surface; an antenna formed on the first surface and electrically connected to the first through wiring; a semiconductor element formed on the second surface and electrically connected to the first through wiring; a first sealing layer formed on the second surface to cover the semiconductor element; and a first external terminal having one end portion exposed from the first sealing layer and the other end portion electrically connected to the semiconductor element.

Abstract: An antenna device is provided which is capable of operating in a wider band of frequencies (in a plurality of transmitting and receiving frequency bands), achieving an excellent gain, maintaining non-directivity of vertically polarized waves in each of the transmitting and receiving frequency bands, and saving space. The antenna device includes the first antenna 101 being a chip-type antenna operating in a GSM band, second antenna 102 being a pattern antenna operating in DCS and PCS bands, third antenna 103 being a layer-stacked antenna operating in an UMTS band, all being mounted on a substrate 100. The second antenna 102 is connected to a line 105 extending from a power feeding port 104 connected to the first antenna 101. A gap is interposed between the second antenna 102 and third antenna 103 wherein the second antenna 102 is capacitively coupled to the third antenna 103 on the substrate 100 with no antenna switch being provided.

Abstract: An antenna for a wireless device is provided. The antenna mounts on a substrate such as a printed circuit board. The antenna includes a carrier having sidewalls with inside surfaces defining an internal recess. A conductive trace resides on the carrier. The conductive trace having a first end and a second end opposite the first end with at least one lead extending from an end and extending the sidewall. The lead terminates in a hook that traversing the sidewall and has a portion extending along the inside surface of the internal recess. A locking clip is sized to fit in the internal recess and frictionally lock the portion between an outside surface of the locking clip and the inside surface of the internal recess such that the locking clip locks the portion, the at least one hook, the at least one lead, and the conductive trace in position on the carrier.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide an antenna structure comprising a dielectric substrate and a transmitting portion provided on one surface of the dielectric substrate, wherein the transmitting portion has one end formed with first and second radiators and the other end bent toward the other surface of the dielectric substrate, the first radiator has one end coupled to the transmitting portion and the other end extended away from the transmitting portion for receiving signals of a first operating frequency, and the second radiator has one end coupled to a joining portion of the first radiator and the transmitting portion and the other end extended around one end of the first radiator and is spaced from the first radiator by a gap for receiving signals of a second operating frequency. Thus, the antenna structure is capable of receiving signals of two different operating frequencies.

Abstract: Disclosed is an antenna device arranged inside a display module of an electronic device with an anti-EMI plate. The antenna device includes an antenna element with a ground connecting end and a signal feeding end for transceiving a wireless signal, a ground connecting line coupled to the ground connecting end of the antenna element and the anti-EMI plate, and an antenna signal feeding line coupled to the signal feeding end of the antenna element for feeding the wireless signal transceived by the antenna element.

Abstract: A mobile communication terminal and an internal multi-band antenna are described. The internal antenna is formed on a substrate and has a first pattern and a second pattern. Both patterns may be formed on one side of the substrate, or one pattern may be formed on each side of the substrate. The first pattern and the second pattern have different widths. The terminal may be of any type such as a folding type terminal, a slider-type terminal, or a bar type terminal.

Abstract: Disclosed is an antenna device with an antenna element with a predetermined shorten length, and a resonance circuit coupled to the antenna element, having a predetermined resonance frequency for matching the shorten length of the antenna element to adaptively make the antenna element in response to and transceive a wireless signal with a predetermined frequency.

Abstract: An antenna includes a first antenna element and a second antenna element. The first antenna element and the second antenna element are configured to transmit and receive signals in a first band of frequencies and in a second band of frequencies. A first pair of delay lines is coupled to the first antenna element and a second pair of delay lines coupled to the second antenna element. A first delay line in the first pair of delay lines and the second pair of delay lines is configured to phase shift electrical signals coupled to the first antenna element and the second antenna element such that a first impedance of the antenna is approximately equal in the first band of frequencies and the second band of frequencies. A second delay line in the first pair of delay lines and the second pair of delay lines is configured to convert the first impedance to a second impedance.

Abstract: A wireless apparatus capable of controlling radiation patterns and directions of antenna is provided. It comprises an antenna element, a ground plane, an antenna feed-point, and at least one slot or slit formed on the ground plane. The inclusion of such slots or slits in the wireless apparatus improves the radiation directivity of antenna, and greatly enhances the antenna gain on the horizontal plane. It also resolves the problems caused by shift of radiation patterns of antenna and the poor antenna gains for a conventional antenna apparatus. The wireless apparatus of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure and easy fabrication. The invention can be applied to various kinds of antennas, such as monopole antenna, shorted-monopole antenna, dipole antenna, loop antenna, and planar inverted-F antenna, etc.

Abstract: An antenna includes first, second and third waveguides in direct communication with a base waveguide at first, second and third positions, respectively, the base waveguide forming a continuous loop. The second position, at which the second waveguide is in direct communication with the base waveguide, is spaced apart from the first position by about one-sixth the circumference of the loop. The third position, at which the third waveguide is in direct communication with the base waveguide, is spaced apart from the first position by about one-sixth the circumference of the loop, and is uninterruptedly spaced apart from the second position, without extending through the first position, by about two-thirds the circumference of the loop. The first, second and third waveguides comprise closed-channel waveguides, and the second and third waveguides have an open end and are configured to radiate electromagnetic waves and/or focus radiating electromagnetic waves.

Abstract: There is described a mobile data memory for RFID application or a mobile sensor unit having an integrated circuit and an antenna. These are provided with a first and a second oscillating circuit, which are both coupled to one another by means of a coupling element. The first oscillating circuit features the integrated circuit and the second oscillating circuit features the antenna.

Abstract: An electronic control unit has a cover that also serves as a ground plane for an antenna, such as a GPS antenna or other type of antenna. The antenna may be fastened directly to the cover, or mounted internally to the electronic control unit, printed circuit board, and protrude through an opening in the cover serving as the ground plane.

Abstract: A antenna made from a photonic band-gap (PBG) material, includes: a lateral wall (4) which is made from a PBG material and which completely surrounds a central axis (6), the wall being disposed at a distance from the central axis such as to form a central resonant cavity; and at least one radiating element (34) which is placed inside the cavity. Each radiating element is positioned inside the cavity in order to excite an electromagnetic field parallel to the central axis and the radiating element(s) can excite the modes of the central cavity having a radial resonance more strongly than the other modes of the cavity.

Abstract: A three dimensional (3D) fractal structure with H as the mother element is hereby disclosed. Such a 3D structure can act as selective total microwave reflectors or selective microwave filters in transmission. When excited through current injection, such a 3D fractal structure can act as highly efficient antenna for radiating or detecting pre-determined microwaves, with the relevant wavelength much larger than the size of the radiation or detection structure.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a notebook including a main display, a main graphics subsystem, and an auxiliary display subsystem, but typically not an auxiliary display, wherein the notebook is configured to display on the main display one or both of data from the auxiliary display subsystem (or a scaled or otherwise processed version of such data), and data from the main graphics subsystem. Preferably, the notebook is configured to display a scaled version of data from the auxiliary display subsystem on part of the main display's screen. Other embodiments are timing controllers and other circuitry for use in such a notebook and methods for displaying data from such a notebook's auxiliary display subsystem on all or part of the main display's screen. The notebook can include a timing control subsystem for asserting to the main display one or both of display data from the auxiliary display subsystem (or a processed version thereof) and display data from the main graphics subsystem.

Abstract: There is provided with a computing device including: a coupler configured to couple to a display device having a chargeable first battery and be able to be separated from the display device, wherein charging to the first battery and wired communication with the display device can be performed via the coupler at a time of being coupled to the display device; a detector configured to detect whether the coupler is coupled to the display device; a wireless communicator configured to communicate wirelessly with the display device when separated from the display device; a connector configured to be supplied with power from an external power supply; a chargeable second battery; a further detector configured to detect whether power is supplied to the connector; and a controller configured to control charging and discharging of the first and second battery based on whether the power is supplied when coupled to the display device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to an ornamental system, apparatus and method that is dynamically modifiable. Embodiments of the ornament system comprise a processor, at least one ornamental member and a data controller. The processor is a computer which stores user input data for transmission and transmits a request for the transmission of data files. The ornamental member is configured to receive and display image data stored in a database, wherein the stored data can be changed at any time. Embodiments of the present invention can be coupled to other ornamental systems across a wide area network, wherein users can share data files for display.