Abstract: Disclosed is a phase-shifting mask having a pattern comprising a plurality of substantially transparent regions and a plurality of substantially opaque regions wherein the mask pattern phase-shifts at least a portion of incident radiation and wherein the phases are substantially equally spaced, thereby increasing resolution of a given lithographic system. Further disclosed is a semiconductor device fabricated utilizing the phase-shifting mask.

Abstract: Structure, methodology and performance involving and utilizing body armor strand material which includes an elongate strand body possessing elongate brittle ceramic surface structure, elongate ductile core structure disposed within that surface structure, and elongate brittle/ductile transition structure operatively interposed and joining the surface and core structures. Methodology includes the steps of preparing a defined mass of elongate ceramic-surfaced, ductile-cored strand elements, each including, along the outside of its length, elongate, sharp-angular edges, and placing that mass in the impact path of such a projectile in a manner whereby edges in the strands face the projectile impact path.

Abstract: A thermocautery block is formed by mixing alumina, zirconium silicate, feldspar, pottery stone, siliceous limestone, kaolin, Gairome clay (Japan), and black soil with water; evenly stirring the mixture; compressing, dehydrating, and extruding the mixture into polygonal blocks; and drying, kilning, and cooling the blocks. The thermocautery block has a high density and a hardness higher than 6.0, and could store thermal energy after being heated for a short time. The stored thermal energy is progressively released via superficial areas of the block other than corners thereof to produce the effect of progressive temperature rise.

Abstract: To protect individuals/animals inside an automobile form the harmful effects of an exhaust laden atmosphere containing volatile organic carbons, occurring in a variety of situations, such as in heavy traffic, tunnels, garages, smog and in areas of poor ventilation, to prolong breathable oxygen atmosphere within automobiles to prevent asphyxiation. Volatile organic carbons or VOC's and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are also a byproduct of vehicle exhaust and contribute to ground level ozone problems. The purpose of the invention of the activated mesh carbon laden with zeolite crystals/lithium hydroxide/lithium oxide acts to adsorb the volatile organic carbons in the surrounding atmosphere of the vehicle, and the net reactants are lithium carbonate solid and water, which is then absorbed by the Zeolite, and thereby prevent thousands of accidents and deaths, making the highways and our vehicles safer and healthier.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising at least one ZBM-30 zeolite, synthesized in the presence of a particular structuring agent such as triethylenetetramine, at least one porous mineral matrix, at least one hydro-dehydrogenating element, preferably chosen from the elements of Group VIB and Group VIII of the periodic table, is used in order to improve the pour point of charges containing long (more than 10 carbon atoms) linear and/or slightly branched paraffins, in particular in order to convert, with a good yield, charges having high pour points to at least one cut having a low pour point and a high viscosity index for oil bases.

Abstract: The invention relates to sulfur-functionalized polymer gels and carbon gels, including aerogels, and such carbon gels containing platinum or metal nanoparticles. The platinum-containing gels may be useful as fuel-cell electrodes.

Abstract: A process for preparing a catalyst support or a supported Group VIII metal catalyst or a precusor of the supported Group VIII metal catalyst, which process comprises (a) exerting mechanical power on a mixture comprising a refractory oxide and a first liquid to obtain a dough, (b) admixing the dough with a second liquid to obtain a slurry, (c) shaping and drying the slurry, and (d) calcining.

Abstract: Non-photosensitive direct thermographic materials comprise a reducing agent that is a catechol borate compound. These compounds can reduce silver(I) ion to metallic silver to produce a dense black silver image under the short time and high temperature conditions that occur when using thermal print-heads during direct thermal printing.

Abstract: A description is given of 4-trifluoromethylpyrazolyl-substituted pyridines and pyrimidines of the formula (I) and of their use as herbicides. In this formula (I), R1, R2, R3 and R4 stand for various radicals, A for an aromatic or heteroaromatic radical, and Z denotes a nitrogen or carbon atom.

Abstract: A decontamination formulation and method of making that neutralizes the adverse health effects of both chemical and biological compounds, especially chemical warfare (CW) and biological warfare (BW) agents, and toxic industrial chemicals. The formulation provides solubilizing compounds that serve to effectively render the chemical and biological compounds, particularly CW and BW compounds, susceptible to attack, and at least one reactive compound that serves to attack (and detoxify or kill) the compound. The formulation includes at least one solubilizing agent, a reactive compound, a bleaching activator, a sorbent additive, and water. The highly adsorbent, water-soluble sorbent additive (e.g., sorbitol or mannitol) is used to “dry out” one or more liquid ingredients, such as the liquid bleaching activator (e.g., propylene glycol diacetate or glycerol diacetate) and convert the activator into a dry, free-flowing powder that has an extended shelf life, and is more convenient to handle and mix in the field.

Abstract: A personal care composition is provided formulated with glycerin and a moisturization enhancing agent which is a salt of structure AB, wherein A is a cationic charged component, B is an anionic charged component, and A has at least one quaternized nitrogen atom and at least two hydroxyl groups and a molecular weight no higher than about 400.

Abstract: An automatic dishwashing composition in unit dose form for delivery into the main-wash cycle of an automatic dishwashing machine, the composition comprising a phosphate or non-phosphate detergency builder and a sulfonated anti-scaling polymer.

Abstract: A binder system for applying microcapsules to textile materials includes microcapsules in a binder composition. The binder composition includes: (i) a component selected from the group consisting of: an alkoxylated fatty acid amide, alkyl sulfonate salt, an amino-silicone softener, and mixtures thereof; an (ii) a component selected from the group consisted of: a global type wrinkle resistant resin, an imidazole type wrinkle resistant resin, a cationic polyamide, a curable silicone resin, a polyurethane resin, and mixtures thereof. Methods for making the binder system as well as methods for applying the binder system to textile materials are also provided.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of detergents involving separating the hydrocarbonaceous product stream from a Fischer-Tropsch process producing normally liquid and normally solid hydrocarbons into a light fraction and one or more heavy fractions, hydrogenating at least part of the light fraction to convert unsaturated hydrocarbons and/or oxygenates into saturated hydrocarbons, distilling product thus obtained into at least one fraction comprising detergent hydrocarbons, dehydrogenating at least part of the detergent hydrocarbons to obtain a detergent hydrocarbon stream having mono-olefins and converting the mono-olefins into detergents. The invention further concerns a process for the preparation of detergents in which process a hydrogenated product, which is obtained according to the above process, is dehydrogenated to obtain a detergent hydrocarbon stream of mono-olefins, followed by conversion of the mono-olefins into detergents.

Abstract: The present invention provides lysis reagents, containers, methods and kits relating to the extraction or the extraction and isolation of a cellular component from a host cell. More specifically, the invention provides combinations of zwitterionic compounds that may be employed to aide in the extraction or the extraction and isolation of a cellular component from a host cell.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are modified proaerolysin (PA) peptide. In some examples, the proteins include a prostate-specific protease cleavage site and can further include a prostate-tissue-specific binding domain which functionally replaces the native PA binding domain. In other examples, the proteins include a furin cleavage site and a prostate tissue-specific binding domain which functionally replaces the native PA binding domain. Methods of using such peptides to treat prostate cancer are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are Cystatin C (CysC) homologues, including CystC homologues that act as antagonists or inhibitors of transforming growth factor-? (TGF-?). Also disclosed are methods to identify CystC homologues that are antagonists or inhibitors of TGF-? and compositions and therapeutic methods using CystC and homologues thereof to regulate the activity of TGF-?, and TGF-?-mediated tumor malignancy and invasion and other TGF-?-mediated fibrotic or proliferative conditions and diseases.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a hyperthermia agent for malignant tumor which comprises cytokine or a vector in which a cytokine gene is integrated so that cytokine can express in malignant tumor cells, and magnetic fine particles, and a hyperthermia method using the same.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to sustained-release pharmaceutical formulations of therapeutic proteins containing carboxymethyl ether cellulose polymer and methods of manufacture and use thereof.

Abstract: A heparin-binding protein functionalized by covalently bonding thereto a sugar chain, a method for producing the protein and a pharmaceutical composition containing the protein as an active ingredient, as well as a method of functionalizing a natural protein having no sugar chain by covalently bonding thereto a sugar chain.

Abstract: This invention pertains to the discovery that nerve growth factor (NGF) is capable of preventing further demyelination of nervous tissue in pathologies characterized by the demyelination of nervous tissue (e.g. multiple sclerosis). In one embodiment, this invention provides a method for inhibiting demyelination in a subject having an inflammatory disease of a nervous tissue. The method involves administering an effective amount of NGF, an NGF analogue, or an active fragment of NGF where the effective amount is sufficient to downregulate the production of interferon ? by T cells infiltrating the central nervous system and/or to upregulate IL-10 production by glial cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides DNA sequences coding for a TNF-binding protein and for the TNF receptor of which this protein constitutes the soluble domain. The DNA sequences can be used for preparing recombinant DNA molecules in order to produce TNF-binding protein and TNF receptor. Recombinant TNF-binding protein is used in pharmaceutical preparations for treating indications in which TNF has a harmful effect. With the aid of the TNF receptor or fragments thereof or with the aid of suitable host organisms transformed with recombinant DNA molecules containing the DNA which codes for the TNF receptor or fragments or modifications thereof, it is possible to investigate substances for their interaction with the TNF receptor and/or for their effect on the biological activity of TNF.

Abstract: A method for treating subjects with abnormal cell proliferation is provided. The method involves administering to subjects in need of such treatment an effective amount of an agent of Formula I, to inhibit cell proliferation such as that associated with tumor growth and metastasis. A method for inhibiting angiogenesis in an abnormal proliferative cell mass by the administration of an agent of Formula I is also provided.

Abstract: A method of obtaining D-glucuronic acid. The D-glucuronic acid and its derivatives (lactone, salts, amides, etc.) are biologically high-active compounds, which are widely used in medicine and pharmaceutical chemistry for the synthesis of modified drugs as well as used as food additives, skin-care preparations, and the like. This invention provides an environmentally friendly method of obtaining D-glucuronic acid which has widespread operational possibilities. The D-glucuronic acid is obtained by heating the salts of 1,2-0-isopropylidene-D-glucuronic acid in a water-containing solution in the presence of an acid agent, for which sulphonic acid cation exchanger resins are used.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel crystal forms of azithromycin, an antibiotic useful in the treatment of infections.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of treating a bacterial infection in a horse or a pig. The method involves administering to the horse or pig a composition comprising (i) a salt made from tilmicosin and a lipophilic acid and (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent combined together to form an injectable composition that precipitates when injected into water.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for treating a vascular graft that include introducing an effective amount of at least one nucleic acid encoding at least one agent that increases activated protein C (APC), expressing the agent in the cells; and increasing the APC sufficient to treat the blood vessel. Also provided are vascular grafts engineered to resist early and/or late graft failure.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions and methods for reverse gene therapy, wherein a gene therapy vector encoding a gene product (e.g. a protein) which is usually only expressed in cells of an abnormal tissue is delivered to a cell of an animal afflicted with a disease or disorder to alleviate the disease or disorder. In one embodiment, a plasmid vector encoding HERG (A561V) protein is delivered to a cell of an animal afflicted with re-entrant atrial flutter-mediated cardiac arrhythmia.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for reducing the amount of osteopontin in an osteopontin-expressing cell comprising introducing into the cell a nucleic acid which specifically inhibits osteopontin expression in the cell. This invention also provides methods for inhibiting the onset of, and treating, osteopontin-related disorders, as well as compositions for practicing the same. This invention further provides methods for determining the amount of osteopontin in a sample, and a kit for practicing the same. This invention also provides methods for determining whether an agent reduces the amount of osteopontin in an osteopontin-expressing cell. Finally, this invention provides methods for treating a subject afflicted with a disorder mediated by an endogenous protein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of treating Mycobacterium pathogen infection in a subject that involve: inhibiting proteasomal activity in a pathogen under conditions effective to make the pathogen susceptible to antibacterial host defenses; inhibiting enzyme activity in a pathogen under conditions effective to make the pathogen susceptible to antibacterial host defenses, where the enzyme is a DNA repair enzyme or a flavin-like co-factor synthesis enzyme, or inhibiting proteasomal and enzyme activity under conditions to make the pathogen susceptible to antibacterial host defenses. The present invention also relates to methods for screening compounds that inhibit proteasomal and protease activity, DNA repair enzyme activity, or flavin-like co-factor synthesis enzyme activity, where the inhibitory compounds have an ability to sensitize bacteria to the antibacterial effects of oxidative/nitrosative stress.

Abstract: An insecticidal composition having improved storage stability is disclosed. Said insecticidal composition comprises Dimethoate stabilized with maleic anhydride. Also a process for the control of insects is disclosed, wherein the insecticidal composition, possibly following a dilution, is apportioned to an area, in which crops are grown.

Abstract: The present invention provides analogs of benzoquinone-containing ansamycins and uses thereof for treating and modulating disorders associated with hyperproliferation, such as cancer. The present invention provides analogs of benzoquinone-containing ansamycins where the benzoquinone is reduced to a hydroquinone and trapped by reaction with a suitable acid, preferably ones that increase the solubility and air stability of the resulting 17-ammonium hydroquinone ansamycin analog.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel heteroaryl diazacycloalkane derivatives, which are found to be cholinergic ligands at the nicotinic Acetyl Choline Receptors. Due to their pharmacological profile the compounds of the invention may be useful for the treatment of diseases or disorders as diverse as those related to the cholinergic system of the central nervous system (CNS), diseases or disorders related to smooth muscle contraction, endocrine diseases or disorders, diseases or disorders related to neurodegeneration, diseases or disorders related to inflammation, pain, and withdrawal symptoms caused by the termination of abuse of chemical substances.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of formula I and the use thereof in the therapeutic treatment of disorders related to or affected by the 5-HT6 receptor

Abstract: Compounds of the formula are useful in treating disease conditions mediated by TNF-?, such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, sepsis, AIDS, ulcerative colitis, multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease, degenerative cartilage loss, graft rejection, cachexia, inflammation, fever, insulin resistance, septic shock, congestive heart failure, inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, inflammatory bowel disease and HIV.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (Ic) processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and to their use in medicine, particularly use in the amelioration of a clinical condition for which a Factor Xa inhibitor is indicated.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formula and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof wherein R, Ar, A, n, R1 and R2 are defined herein. These compounds are highly selective agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAA brain receptors or prodrugs of agonists, antagonists or inverse agonists for GABAA brain receptors and are therefore useful in the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety, depression, Down Syndrome, sleep and seizure disorders, overdose with benzodiazepine drugs and for enhancement of memory. Pharmaceutical compositions, including packaged pharmaceutical compositions, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds having pharmacological activity towards the sigma receptor, and more particularly to some pyrazole derivatives, to processes of preparation of such compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and to their use therapy and prophylaxis, in particular for the treatment of psychosis or pain.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I): or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, corresponding pharmaceutical compositions, use as Raf Kinase Inhibitors and treatment methods for neurotraumatic diseases and cancer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a compound of formula I, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, hydrates or stereoisomer thereof, which are useful in treating Syndrome X, Type II diabetes, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity, coagaulopathy, hypertension, arteriosclerosis, and other disorders related to Syndrome X as well as cardiovascular diseases.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds represented by Structural Formula I, which can bind to CCR9 receptors and block the binding of a ligand (e.g., TECK) to the receptors. The invention also relates to a method of inhibiting a function of CCR9, and to the use compounds represented by Structural Formula I in research, therapeutic, prophylactic and diagnostic methods.

Abstract: Disclosed are fungicidal mixtures containing a synergistically effective amount of A) a triazolopyrimidine of formula I, and B) imidazole derivatives of formula II, wherein X1 and X2 represent halogen and phenyl which can be substituted by halogen or alkyl, or X1 and X2 form a difluoromethylendioxyphenyl group along with the bridging C?C double bond, X3 represents cyano or halogen, and X4 represents dialkylamino or isoxazol-4yl that can carry two alkyl radicals. The invention also relates to methods for controlling destructive fungi by means of mixtures of compounds I and II, agents containing said mixtures, and the use of compounds I and II for producing such mixtures.

Abstract: The invention relates to inhibitors of kinases, compositions comprising the inhibitors, and methods of using the inhibitors and inhibitor compositions. The inhibitors and compositions comprising them are useful for treating disease or disease symptoms. The invention also provides for methods of making kinase inhibitor compounds, methods of inhibiting kinase activity, and methods for treating disease or disease symptoms.

Abstract: The present invention provides rapamycin polymorph Form II. This invention also provides processes for preparing rapamycin polymorph Form II and pharmaceutical compositions including rapamycin polymorph Form II.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of formula A: and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R1, R2, R2?, R3, R21, A1, A2, X, and Z are as defined herein. Compounds of formula A are useful in the treatment of diseases and/or conditions related to cell differentiation, such as cancer, inflammation, arthritis, angiogenesis, or the like. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of the invention and methods of treating the aforementioned conditions using such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel indole derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in the treatment of disorders and conditions modulated by the androgen receptor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel 4-phenyl-4-[1H-imidazol-2-yl]-piperidine derivatives according to Formula (I) the pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base addition salts thereof, the stereochemically isomeric forms thereof, the tautomeric forms thereof and the N-oxide forms thereof. In particular are claimed compounds according to Formula (I) in which A?B is C?O or SO2, X is a covalent bond, R1 is alkyloxy, alkyloxyalkyl, Ar or NR9R10, wherein R9 and R10 each independently are hydrogen or Ar; or A?B and R1 together form a benzoxazolyl radical; p is zero, R3 is benzyl optionally substituted with hydroxy, alkyl or alkyloxycarbonyl and R4 and R5 each are hydrogen. The invention also relates to processes for the preparation of the compounds according to the invention and their use in medicine, in particular as selective non-peptide ?-opioid agonists for use in the treatment of various pain conditions.

Abstract: The subject invention provides stereoisomeric compounds of formula (X): wherein the variables are as defined herein, and compositions for the safe and effective treatment of various gastrointestinal disorders including, but not limited to, gastroparesis, gastroesophageal reflux and related conditions. The compounds of the subject invention are also useful in treating a variety of conditions involving the central nervous system.

Abstract: This invention relates to neurotrophic N-glyoxyl-prolyl ester compounds having an affinity for FKBP-type immunophilins, their preparation and use as inhibitors of the enzyme activity associated with immunophilin proteins, and particularly inhibitors of peptidyl-prolyl isomerase or rotamase enzyme activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel isatin derivatives, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the isatin derivatives of the invention, methods of preparing the isatin derivatives of the invention, their use in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and for the regeneration or prevention of degeneration of lesioned and damaged neurons, and methods of treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and for the regeneration or prevention of degeneration of lesioned and damaged neurons.