Abstract: A method of forming a silica-based film includes: applying a composition for forming an insulating film for a semiconductor device, which is cured by using heat and ultraviolet radiation, to a substrate to form a coating; heating the coating; and applying heat and ultraviolet radiation to the coating to effect a curing treatment.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a gate dielectric layer, including: providing a substrate; forming a silicon dioxide layer on a top surface of the substrate; performing a plasma nitridation in a reducing atmosphere to convert the silicon dioxide layer into a silicon oxynitride layer. The dielectric layer so formed may be used in the fabrication of MOSFETs.

Abstract: Fluids for use in immersion lithography systems are disclosed. A resistivity-altering substance is introduced into a fluid, making it more conductive. The fluid is then disposed between an immersion head of a projection lens system and a semiconductor wafer during an exposure process. Because the fluid is conductive, electrostatic energy that may develop during the movement of the semiconductor wafer with respect to the projection lens system during the exposure process is discharged through the conductive fluid, preventing damage to an immersion head of the projection lens system, the semiconductor wafer, and sensors of a stage that supports the semiconductor wafer.

Abstract: Durable non-electrically conductive metal treatments (such as coatings or finishes) for yarns and textile fabrics. Such treatments preferably comprise silver and/or silver ions; however, other metals, such as zinc, iron, copper, nickel, cobalt, aluminum, gold, manganese, magnesium, and the like, may also be present or alternatively utilized. Such a treatment provides, as one example, an antimicrobial fiber and/or textile fabric which remains on the surface and does not permit electrical conductivity over the surface. The treatment is extremely durable on such substrates; after a substantial number of standard launderings and dryings, the treatment does not wear away in any appreciable amount and thus the substrate retains its antimicrobial activity (or other property).

Abstract: The invention relates to crystallizable aluminosilicate magnesium-containing glass which is used for producing extremely solid and break-resistant glass-ceramics having an easily polished surface. The inventive crystallizable glass contains 5-33 mass % of SiO2, 25-40 mass % of Al2O3, 5-25 mass % of MgO, 0-15 mass % of B2O3, 0.1-30 mass % of Y2O3, Ln2O3, As2O3 and/or Nb2O5 and 0.1-10 mass % of P2O5.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a synergistic composition for preparing high concentration fullerene (C60)-glass and a method for preparing glass doped with fullerene (C60) in bulk monolith using the synergistic composition, which may be used as a nonlinear photonic material and more particularly as a nonlinear optical medium and optical limiter.

Abstract: A low melting glass, which contains substantially no lead and contains 70-90% of Bi2O3, 1-20% of ZnO, 2-12% of B2O3, 0.1-5% of Al2O3, 0.1-5% of CeO2, 0-5% of CuO, 0-0.2% of Fe2O3 and 0.05-5% of CuO+Fe2O3 in mass %, wherein a content of alkali metal oxides in the glass composition is less than 0.1%, and the glass does not crystallize by pre-baking at a sealing temperature or more, can be used for sealing later, and can suppress deterioration of a material such as platinum or platinum-rhodium to provide a stable melting operation for a long period.

Abstract: A zirconia sintered body having high strength and high toughness is provided, and a method for producing the same is also provided. The zirconia sintered body comprising tetragonal zirconia, wherein a full width at half maximum at (111) plane of the tetragonal zirconia obtained by X-ray diffraction pattern is from 0.38 to 4 degree. A method for producing the zirconia sintered body, wherein the method comprises steps of; molding zirconia powder having an average particle diameter of from 0.1 to 0.6 ?m, a maximum particle diameter of 5 ?m or less and a substantially polyhedral shape, and then sintering the molded green body under the temperature of from 1200 to 1400° C.

Abstract: A catalyst composition, and olefin polymerization process using same, formed from a mixture of a non-aluminoxane aluminum compound, an inorganic oxide and a transition metal bidentate or tridentate complex in certain prescribed proportions. The composition can be formed in a single step or in-situ in the polymerization reaction zone. The resultant catalyst has high activity and is capable of producing high molecular weight olefin products without reactor fouling.

Abstract: The present invention provides a regenerable catalyst composition suitable for entrapping SOx. The composition of the invention comprises a copper oxide having the formula (Cu/(A oxide) where A oxide is SiO2, Zr—SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2—Al2O3, ZrO2 and In2O3 or mixtures thereof. Copper loading may vary from about 10 to 60 mol % and is preferably about 25 mol %. The catalyst composition adsorbs SOx as metal sulfate under lean conditions and desorbs accumulated SOx as SO2 under rich conditions. Such reversible SOx trap are able to operate under conventional NOx trap operating conditions to prevent sulfur poisoning of the NOx trap. Furthermore, these traps may be regenerated under rich conditions at 300-450° C. In another embodiment of the present invention, an irreversible SOx trap capable of collecting SOx under lean conditions is provided. The traps of this embodiment include praseodymia, zirconia-praseodymia and mixed manganese-yttria and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A process for the production of a supported catalyst. The process comprises heating a slurry that comprises a catalyst support and at least one active catalytic ingredient precursor. Gas is introduced to the slurry at a sufficient pressure to reduce the at least one active catalytic ingredient precursor and deposit at least one active catalytic ingredient onto a surface of the catalyst support to form the supported catalyst. The supported catalyst has a large active catalytic surface area.

Abstract: Polymeric anion exchangers are used as host materials in which hydrated Fe(III) Oxides (HFO) are irreversibly dispersed within the exchanger beads. Since the anion exchangers have positively charged quaternary ammonium functional groups, anionic ligands such as arsenates, chromates, oxalates, phosphates, phthalates can permeate in and out of the gel phase and are not subjected to the Donnan exclusion effect. Consequently, anion exchanger-supported HFO micro particles exhibit significantly greater capacity to remove arsenic and other ligands in comparison with cation exchanger supports. Loading of HFO particles is carried out by preliminary loading of the anion exchange resin with an oxidizing anion such as MnO4? or OCl?, followed by passage of a Ferrous Sulfate solution through the resin.

Abstract: There is provided a thermal transfer image-receiving sheet which has none of the offset of an antistatic agent, the transfer of the antistatic agent onto a carrier roll of a thermal printer or the like, a lowering in whiteness, glossiness, and sensitivity in printing of the thermal transfer image-receiving sheet, and a remarkable lowering in coating strength under high-humidity environmental conditions and thus can realize stable and excellent antistatic properties. The thermal transfer image-receiving sheet comprises a substrate sheet and a dye-receptive layer provided on at least one side of the substrate sheet. An electrically conductive layer is provided as at least one layer between the substrate sheet and the receptive layer, or as at least one layer on the substrate sheet in its side remote from the receptive layer. The electrically conductive layer comprises electrically conductive synthetic phyllosilicate.

Abstract: 4-Aminopicolinic acids having (1,1-difluoroalkyl) substituents in the 6-position and their amine and acid derivatives are potent herbicides demonstrating a broad spectrum of weed control.

Abstract: Disclosed are borate and boronate compounds of the formulae where R1, R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, straight or branched chain alkenyl of 2 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms, aryl of 6 to 10 carbon atoms, aralkyl of 7 to 15 carbon atoms, alkaryl of 7 to 15 carbon atoms; Ar is substituted or unsubstituted aryl of 6 to 10 carbon atoms; and R4 and R5 are independently defined as for R1 and may also be hydroxyphenyl or alkylated hydroxyphenyl, or R4 and R5 together with the —OBO— group form a substituted or unsubstituted 5 or 6 membered ring. The borate and boronate compounds are effective as antiwear, extreme pressure, and friction modifying additives for lubricating oils and fuels.

Abstract: An aqueous liquid laundry detergent composition comprising an alkoxylated carboxylic acid surfcatant and a free radical scavenger in the mole ratio of from about 500:1 to about 20:1. The composition substantially prevents the degradation of the alkoxylated ester surfactant upon storage and is also color-stable.

Abstract: Use of metal complex compounds of formula (1) and/or (1?) [LnMemXp]zYq,??(1) [L?nMemXp]zYq,??(1?) wherein all substituents are as defined in the claims, as catalysts for oxidation reactions, and also novel metal complex compounds and novel ligands.

Abstract: Systems and methods for cleaning a material by applying a spot cleaning composition having biosurfactants and enzymes to said carpet, wherein said spray bottle maintains lubricant inside its piston and protected from the composition.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a sprayable, acidic hard surface cleaning and/or disinfecting composition which contains suspended inclusions which appear as visibly discernible, discrete particulate materials, preferably where said discrete particulate materials are based on alginates which are present as two or more classes of particulate materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising factor VII or a factor VII-related polypeptide, and TAFI or a TAFI-related polypeptide, and the use thereof for treating bleeding episodes.

Abstract: An immunogenic detoxified protein is provided which comprises the amino acid sequence of subunit A of an E. coli heat labile toxin (LT-A) or a fragment thereof in which at least amino acid Ala-72 of the A subunits mutated, preferably by substitution with Arg. The toxoid is useful as vaccine against an enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli and is produced by recombinant DNA means by site-directed mutagenesis. It is also an effective adjuvant.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of using Zven1 and Zven2 polypeptides to increase chemokine production. The present invention also provides methods for treating intestinal motility disorders and improving gastrointestinal function with Zven1 and Zven2 polypeptides.

Abstract: Peptides and mimetics of selected domains of mammalian serum amyloid A isoform 2.1 (SAA2.1) and compounds and compositions thereof are provided that enhance the effect on macrophage cholesterol ester hydrolase activity and/or inhibit acyl CoA:cholesterol acyl transferase activity. Methods of using these compositions in the treatment and/or prevention of atherosclerosis as well as coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease are also provided.

Abstract: The instant invention is directed toward a dermal delivery system composition comprising an aqueous base vehicle including Emu oil, at least one fatty acid alkyl ester, polyethylene glycol, and a gelling agent, in combination with a therapeutically effective amount of at least one species of insulin, and to processes for the manufacture and use thereof.

Abstract: Methods for treating a mammal suffering from massive blood loss comprising administering to the mammal a polymerized hemoglobin solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of FSH and/or a biologically-active analogue thereof in the production of a medicament for the treatment of infertility in women. The medicament is for administration at an initial dose in the range of from 100 to 600 IU followed by a second dose at least 3 days later in the stimulation phase. In one embodiment, the medicament is for administration of a dose in the range of from 300 to 600 IU on every third day of the first 6 days of the stimulation phase. In another embodiment, the initial dose is in the range of from 100 to 500 IU, with the second dose being administered between three and six, preferably four, days after the initial dose.

Abstract: A GLP-1 derivative is provided including an amino acid sequence of GLP-1 (7-35) having deletion, substitution and/or addition of one or more amino acids and having Waa-(Xaa)n-Yaa (in which Waa is Arg or Lys, Xaa is Arg or Lys, n is an integer of 0 to 14, and Yaa is Arg, Arg-NH2, Lys, Lys-NH2 or Hse) added to the C-terminus of the peptide having a GLP-1 activity. These derivatives are highly absorbable via a mucous membrane. The GLP-1 derivative can be conferred with resistance to dipeptidyl peptidase IV by substituting amino acid 8 in its GLP-1 amino acid sequence with Ser, or with resistance to trypsin by substituting amino acids 26 and 34 with Gln and Asn, respectively. The absorption efficiency of the GLP-1 derivatives via mucous membranes can be further improved by preparing a composition using a charge-regulated fat emulsion regulated to be negatively charged thereon.

Abstract: The invention is based on the use of alpha-1 antitrypsin for the preparation of medicaments for the treatment of fibromyalgia, comprising the preparation of therapeutic concentrates of alpha-1 antitrypsin, in any form of administration tolerated by humans, the alpha-1 antitrypsin being obtained by purification of human plasma or being produced by recombinant or transgenic technology, with doses equal to or greater than 6 mg of alpha-1 antitrypsin per kg of body weight for a variable period of time.

Abstract: Disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a thrombin peptide derivatives and a chelating agent and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable thiol-containing compound. The pharmaceutical compositions optionally further comprise an antioxidant. Also, disclosed are methods for activating the non-proteolytically activated thrombin receptor in a subject in need of such treatment. The methods comprise the step of administering an effective amount of a thrombin peptide derivative in the pharmaceutical composition described above.

Abstract: Stem cells are mobilized into the peripheral blood by a method comprising the steps of: (i) administering to an individual at least one of the following: FGF1 and FGF2, and also at least one of the following: VEGF, VEGFA and VEGF165; (ii) isolating the peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) by apheresis; and (iii) injecting the PBSC into a patient suffering from chronic heart disease. Alternatively, gene therapy is used for the induction of the stem cells into the peripheral blood, wherein the gene therapy formulation comprises AD5FGF-4 or VEGF165 plasmid DNA. Additionally, the progress of the treatment of the chronic heart disease is monitored by using an echocardiogram unit.

Abstract: The invention discloses the nanoparticles composed of chitosan, poly-glutamic acid, and at least one bioactive agent characterized with a positive surface charge and their enhanced permeability for paracellular drug delivery.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases wherein mis-folded proteins accumulate in characteristic lesions and contribute substantially to a pathogenesis and to an inflammatory reaction magnifying the damage, by the isolated or joint effect of inhibitors of the alanyl amino peptidase (APN) and of the dipeptidyl peptidase N (DP IV). Our results show that the application of inhibitors of the above-referenced enzymes or of preparations and dosage forms containing such inhibitors is definitely suitable for a therapy and prevention of dementia diseases and conditions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a non-T cell binding peptide and its analogs used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The polypeptide therapeutic agent can specifically inhibit abnormal immune responses of the rheumatoid arthritis, and fundamentally control the progression of this disease with effect on the initiating factor of the disease development.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel peptides inhibitory of the activity of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and their use in the treatment of angiogenesis-related diseases, including cancer. A combinatorial library of peptides consisting of six amino acid residues were chemically synthesize and, from the library, specific amino acid residues for each amino acid position were screened by comparing their inhibitory activity against VEGF binding to the cell surface receptor. The novel peptide sequences thus obtained bind to VEGF and block the binding of VEGF to its receptors present on the surface of vascular endothelial cells, thereby inhibiting the hormonal activity of VEGF. The peptides inhibit the angiogenesis induced by VEGF and human cancer cells. Also, the peptides inhibit growth and metastasis of human cancer cells transplanted to mice. Thus, the peptides can be used to treat angiogenesis-related diseases, including cancer, diabetic retinopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.

Abstract: The present invention discloses compounds of formula I, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, or prodrugs thereof: which exhibit antibacterial properties. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the aforementioned compounds for administration to a subject in need of antibiotic treatment. The invention also relates to methods of treating a bacterial infection in a subject by administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds of the present invention. The invention further includes process by which to make the compounds of the present invention.

Abstract: The invention encompasses nucleoside compounds, compositions comprising the compounds and methods for treating or preventing diseases associated with nonsense mutations of mRNA by administering these compounds or compositions.

Abstract: Restenosis in a subject can be treated by administering to a tissue, e.g., a blood vessel, of the subject an agent that increases SERCA activity. For example, a stent that is coated with the agent can be introduced into a blood vessel.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for reversing the cancerous phenotype of a cancer cell by introducing a nucleic acid having the melanoma differentiation associated gene (mda-7) into the cell under conditions that permit the expression of the gene so as to thereby reverse the cancerous phenotype of the cell. This invention also provides a method for reversing the cancerous phenotype of a cancer cell by introducing the gene product of the above-described gene into the cancerous cell so as to thereby reverse the cancerous phenotype of the cell. This invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition having the melanoma differentiation associated gene (mda-7) or the gene product of the melanoma differentiation associated gene (mda-7) effective to reverse the cancerous phenotype of a cancer cell and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: Novel compositions and methods are provided for identifying agents which affect chromosomal stability and aging.

Abstract: Isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs) produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides ATCC 13146 fermentation with a sucrose:maltose ratio of 2:1 have been discovered to be effective prebiotics in mixed cultures of microbial populations, including cultures from chicken ceca. Surprisingly in mixed microbial cultures this IMO composition proved as effective as FOS. Thus, these IMOs can be used as effective prebiotics for both birds and mammals. Moreover, the IMOs were discovered to be effective non-competitive inhibitors of ?-glucosidase. These IMOs also will be useful, as an ?-glucosidase inhibitor, in a therapeutic application for several diseases, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, pre-diabetes, gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, caries, cancer, viral disease such as hepatitis B and C, HIV, and AIDS. A diet with 5-20% IMOs was also shown to reduce the abdominal fat tissue in mammals.

Abstract: There are provided compounds of formula (I) wherein the variables are as defined by the present specification; and solvates thereof, processes for preparing them and their use in therapy.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I): or a physiologically acceptable solvate thereof.

Abstract: The application discloses methods of treating mammalian diseases characterized by abnormal cell mitosis by administering estradiol derivatives including those comprising colchicine or combretastatin A-4 structural motifs of the general formulae found below in a dosage sufficient to inhibit cell mitosis. The application discloses novel compounds used in the methods.

Abstract: Benzimidazolidinone derivative compounds, which increase acetylcholine signaling or effect in the brain, and highly selective muscarinic agonists, particularly for the M1 and/or M4 receptor subtypes, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same, as well as methods of treating psychosis using these compounds are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel heterocyclic compounds, to methods for their preparation, to compositions containing them, and to methods and use for clinical treatment of medical conditions which may benefit from immunomodulation, including rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, diabetes, asthma, transplantation, systemic lupus erythematosis and psoriasis. More particularly the present invention relates to novel heterocyclic compounds, which are CD80 antagonists capable of inhibiting the interactions between CD80 and CD28.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods to inhibit p38-? kinase using compounds comprising saturated heterocycles coupled to a fused ring system.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved methods of converting R—N-(4-morpholiyl-3-fluorophenyl)-2-oxo-5-oxazolidinyl-methyl azide (III) to the intermediate S—N-(4-morpholinyl-3-fluorophenyl)-2-oxo-5-oxazolidinyl-methyl amine (II) that involve the production of fewer by-products than previous methods. The amine (II) may then be converted into linezolid (I) of high chemical purity with respect to the inactive R-enantiomer and bis-linezolid (IV), and is in high yield, without the need for tedious, complicated purification steps, such as chromatography.

Abstract: The present application describes modulators of MCP-1 of formula (I): or pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms thereof, useful for the prevention of rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, atherosclerosis and asthma.

Abstract: The invention relates to aryl triazines and uses thereof, including to inhibit lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase ? (LPAAT-?) activity and/or proliferation of cells such as tumor cells.

Abstract: An arylamidine derivative represented by a general formula described below or a salt thereof has an excellent antifungal action and high safety, and it is useful as an antifungal agent with good pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic properties wherein X represents an unsubstituted or substituted lower alkylene or alkenylene group; G1 represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or an imino group; G2 represents a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom; Ra represents at least one group selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, and unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl and alkoxy groups; R1 represents an unprotected or protected or unsubstituted or substituted amidino group; and R2 represents a substituted amino or substituted cyclic amino group, or the like.