Abstract: A time-to-digital converter (TDC) is disclosed, the TDC comprising: a plurality of parallel circuits for receiving a common first clock and for generating a plurality of delayed clocks; a plurality of sampling circuits for receiving and sampling said delayed clocks at an edge of a second clock to generate a plurality of decisions, respectively; and a decoder for receiving said decisions and for generating a digital output accordingly.

Abstract: In a coded data generation method of resampling a road shape for setting a plurality of nodes, arranging position information of each node represented by a deflection angle from the immediately preceding node to generate a data string of the deflection angles, converting the deflection angles into predicted difference values each indicating the difference from the predicted value, and variable-length coding the data string of the predicted difference values, the data string of the predicted difference values when the deflection angles are converted into the predicted difference values is evaluated and a prediction expression to calculate the predicted value is selected adaptively from among a plurality of prediction expressions ?=1, ?=2, ?=3, and ?=4 based on the evaluation result. The prediction expression to calculate the predicted value is selected adaptively in response to road shape A, B, C, D, so that the data compression effectiveness is enhanced.

Abstract: A geolocation system and method uses a single platform for determining a Doppler measurement set of a targeted aircraft or signal of interest. The electronic warfare aircraft and the ejected aircraft expendables technology device determine the Doppler measurement set of the targeted aircraft or other signal of interest. The ejected aircraft expendables technology device is initially tuned to an expected frequency of the target of interest. Re-tuning may take place after an initial signal reading and computation has been performed by the electronic warfare aircraft.

Abstract: A radar sensor is described that includes a radar transmitter, a radar receiver configured to receive reflected returns of signals output by the radar transmitter, and a signal processing unit configured to process signals received by the radar receiver. The signal processing unit includes a comparator, a first filter comprising an output coupled to a reference input of the comparator, and a second filter comprising an output coupled to a signal input of the comparator. The first and second filters are configured to receive a common input related to the reflected returns. The first filter is configured to have a time constant such that a rise time of the first filter output is faster than a rise time of the second filter output.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for establishing and conducting communications within a network. The discloses systems and methods may include determining a scheduled time period for communications between a first communication node and a second communication node. Furthermore, the disclosed systems and methods may include determining a direction of transmission for transmitting data from the first communication node to the second transmission node and receiving data transmitted from the second transmission node and determining a direction of transmission for receiving data from the first communication node and transmitting data from the second transmission node to the first transmission node. Moreover, the disclosed systems and methods may include establishing communications between the first communication node and the second communication node.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed that enable an over-the-horizon-radar (OTHR) system to detect and track multiple target classes simultaneously, where target classes are defined by the speed and acceleration of the tracked objects. The OTHR is tasked in a staring mode, with a bandwidth and waveform repetition frequency that enable detection of Doppler shifts from all target types, with sufficient clutter reduction and range resolution. The backscattered echoes are buffered for each target class and processed independently. The output of an automatic tracking algorithm then preferentially plots target progress on a single digital map for all target classes.

Abstract: A distance measurement sensor and a distance measurement method using the same are disclosed. The distance measurement sensor can use all of a pulse method and a Continuous Wave (CW) method, can select an appropriate measurement method according to the distance to be measured, thereby accurately measuring the distance. The distance measurement sensor solves the reception-signal limitation caused by a transmission leakage signal in the case of the CW method, reduces an amount of power consumption, measures distances of several objects at the same time, and establishes the range of the distance.

Abstract: Apparatus and a method utilizing correlation interferometer direction finding for determining the azimuth and elevation to an aircraft at long range and flying at low altitudes above water with a transmitting radar while resolving multipath signals. The signals from the radar are received both directly and reflected from the surface of the water using horizontally polarized and vertically polarized antenna arrays, are digitized and are stored in separate covariant matrices. Eigenvalues for the eigenvectors of the matrices processed on signal samples recorded on horizontally polarized X arrays are compared to the eigenvalues for the eigenvectors of the covariance matrices processed on signal samples recorded on vertically polarized X arrays. Incident field polarization is associated with the antenna array measurements that yield the strongest eigenvalue. The eigenvector and eigenvalues for the strongest signal are selected and used for subsequent signal processing.

Abstract: A transmission signal generating unit has a window function calculator that generates a window function that makes all frequencies without a center frequency of an input signal and its adjacent frequencies zero and makes the signal to noise ratio of the center frequency maximum; and a transmission signal generator that generates a transmission signal whose amplitude is modulated in a shape of an envelope curve based on the window function generated by the window function calculator.

Abstract: Provided is a mobile satellite transceiver system for communicating with a Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite and a communications satellite. In on implementation, the mobile satellite transceiver system includes a GPS receiver configured to receive communications from the GPS satellite, a satellite modem configured to transmit and receive communications from the communications satellite, and an operating system. In some implementations, the operating system of the mobile satellite transceiver system is configured to send and receive text messages to/from the communications satellite via the satellite modem. In some implementations the mobile satellite transceiver system also includes a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) interrogator for communicating with RFID tags.

Abstract: In a method for relative time and position determinations for moving objects of a constellation, signals by the objects are isochronously transmitted, with each object transmitting a unique signal for that object. The received signals of each object of the constellation are transmitted to all other objects of the constellation after a predetermined waiting time.

Abstract: Navigation signal group delay calibration methods and systems are described. In an embodiment, a code signal generated in a navigation system platform can be measured where the code signal includes timing delay(s). An additional code signal generated in the navigation system platform can be measured where the additional code signal is designated as a timing reference signal. A differential group delay between the code signal and the timing reference signal can the be mathematically estimated in the navigation system platform to correct for an inaccurate position estimation that would result from the timing delay(s).

Abstract: A method for propagating ephemeris data for a satellite in Earth orbit is provided. The method includes the steps of receiving orbital positional data for a first time period of a satellite's Earth orbit, propagating orbital positional data for the satellite's Earth orbit during a second time period extending beyond the first time period, fitting a Keplerian ephemeris model to the propagated orbital positional data to estimate model coefficients, and sending the estimated model coefficients to receivers for determination of receiver position at a time during the second time period.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to a method of keeping track of and staying tuned to a transmitter even when a receiver is moving at a relatively high speed. Electronic equipment carried on fast moving vehicles and comprising receiving means can experience a shift in the frequencies received due to Doppler shift. Embodiments provide a way of taking such a Doppler shift into account by means of acceleration measurements of the electronic equipment. Some embodiments may be used in electronic equipment containing a GPS receiver or the like, where re-tracking of satellites can be power and time consuming.

Abstract: The present invention comprises methods and apparatus that enable a user of a portable computing device to selectively communicate with other users of portable computing devices while those devices are engaged in an ad-hoc network. More specifically, the present invention enables a first user of a first portable computing device to gain information about and/or send a message to a second user of a second portable computing device by pointing a portion of the first portable computing device at the then current physical location of the second user. In this way a first user of a first portable computing device may naturally and conveniently select a second user of a second portable computing device from among a plurality of users of other portable computing devices engaged in an ad-hoc network and selectively gain information about the second user and/or send a message to the second user.

Abstract: A receiver having an array antenna estimates arrival directions of multiple paths that arrive with an angular spread. Consequently, arrival direction estimation accuracy can be ensured without increasing throughput even if the power every path is low by estimating an average arrival direction of an entire set of multiple paths having the angular spread from a result of one angular spectrum by multiple correlation operation units that perform mutual correlation operations with pilot signals for baseband signals received by the array antenna, a path detection unit that detects multiple arrival path receiving timings by generating a delay profile based on output of each of the correlation operation units, a path correlation value synthesis unit that synthesizes a correlation operation value calculated in the multiple correlation operation units and an arrival direction estimation unit that collectively estimates multiple path arrival directions using output of the path correlation value synthesis unit.

Abstract: The adaptive beamformer unit (191) comprises: a filtered sum beamformer (107) arranged to process input audio signals (u 1, u2) from an array of respective microphones (101, 103), and arranged to yield as an output a first audio signal (z) predominantly corresponding to sound from a desired audio source (160) by filtering with a first adaptive filter (f1(-t)) a first one of the input audio signals (u1) and with a second adaptive filter (f2(-t)) a second one of the input audio signals (u2), the coefficients of the first filter (f1(-t)) and the second filter (f2(-t)) being adaptable with a first step size (a1) and a second step size ((x2) respectively; noise measure derivation means (111) arranged to derive from the input audio signals (u1, u2) a first noise measure (x1) and a second noise measure (x2); and an updating unit (192) arranged to determine the first and second step size (a1, (x2) with an equation comprising in a denominator the first noise measure (x1) for the first step size (a1), respectively the

Abstract: A locating arrangement has ultrasonic transmitters strung along a straight section. The use of the ultrasonic transmitters for determining a location along the section is possible with a high spatial resolution and for a multiplicity of identification units.

Abstract: An antenna includes a dielectric substrate, a radiator, and a grounding board. A chink is formed at the radiator and the chink is loaded with a resistor. The antenna of the present invention has the following merits. The chink on the radiator increases the current path of the radiator so as to increase the frequency bandwidth of the antenna. The resistor loaded in the chink can improve balance the gain balance in the bandwidth.

Abstract: A patch antenna includes a radiator part which includes at least one first radiator attached to an area of one surface of a dielectric, and at least one second radiator disposed within the dielectric and electrically connected to the first radiator; and a ground part which comprises at least one first ground disposed on other surface of the dielectric and at least one second ground disposed on the one surface of the dielectric, the first ground and the second ground electrically connected to each other. Accordingly, the size of the patch antenna is drastically reduced, and a wide bandwidth, high gain, and directionality are obtained.

Abstract: A communications device operates in a wireless local area network (WLAN), and includes a processor operating in accordance with an operating system that includes a standardized set of object identifiers (OIDs) associated therewith. An antenna steering algorithm is executed by the processor for generating a driver query. A driver generates an antenna query in response to the driver query. A smart antenna is driven by the driver and generates antenna beams for receiving signals, and generates metrics based upon the received signals. The smart antenna provides to the driver a metric associated with the antenna query. The driver associates the metric received from the smart antenna with one of the object identifiers from the standardized set of object identifiers, and provides the same to the antenna steering algorithm.

Abstract: An antenna having an extended operation frequency bandwidth that includes: a feed, and a plurality of radiators which are connected to the feed to receive current and divided at the feed. Accordingly, the RFID radio signals and the mobile communication radio signals can be transmitted and received via the single antenna because the frequency bandwidth is expanded. Therefore, the efficiency of the antenna can be improved and the mobile communication terminal can be miniaturized. Furthermore, since the antenna obtains the increased gain, the communication quality of the antenna can be enhanced and the power consumption can be reduced.

Abstract: A broadcast receiving antenna system mounted in a wireless terminal. The antenna is bendable, and functions as a PIFA antenna or a monopole whip antenna according to whether it is bent or not. Accordingly, since the length and the type of the antenna are adjustable according to the magnitude of the DMB or DVB-H signal, optimum broadcasting services can be provided and the length of the antenna can be shortened. Ultimately, Intenna-type antenna can be mounted.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antenna structure in which an antenna pattern is formed on an inner surface of a case of a terminal device, and a method of manufacturing an antenna. In the present invention, an optimal antenna pattern is shaped in accordance with a frequency characteristic of a terminal device and the antenna pattern is directly printed on an inner surface of the terminal device through a vacuum evaporation or sputtering method. At this time, a mask member having the same shape as that of the antenna pattern is further provided. Alternatively, a transfer paper with the antenna pattern printed thereon may be attached to the inner surface of the terminal device. Therefore, even a complex antenna pattern can be easily implemented in the terminal device. Further, an optimal antenna characteristic can be obtained since the antenna is spaced apart from a printed circuit board by a predetermined distance.

Abstract: An antenna device includes an element part for transmitting and receiving a radio signal. A grounding part is placed to form a certain gap to the element part. A power supply part is formed in the grounding part and element part, and connected with a communication cable for supplying power. A part of the element part is bent to the communication cable.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a laptop personal computer comprises a display housing with a display unit, a main body housing which houses a radio communication module, a connecting unit which rotatably connects between the display housing and the main body housing, a first radio communication antenna as a main antenna which is formed at an end part of the display housing almost orthogonal to the connecting unit, a second radio communication antenna as a sub antenna which is formed at an end part of the display housing in almost parallel with the connecting unit, the second radio communication antenna making a pair with the first radio communication antenna, a first cable which connects the first radio communication antenna to the radio communication module through the connecting unit, and a second cable which connects the second radio communication antenna to the radio communication module through the connecting unit.

Abstract: Information equipment according to an embodiment includes a display housing with a display unit, a first radio communication antenna disposed at an end part of the display housing, a second radio communication antenna using a frequency band adjacent to or overlapped with that of the first radio communication antenna, and a third radio communication antenna disposed at an end part between the first and the second radio communication antennas, and uses a frequency band not adjacent to nor overlapped with those of the first and the second radio communication antennas.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus of the present invention has an antenna having a core (2) around which an insulative covered conductor (3) is wound. The core has a magnetic core (1) and a wiring layer which are laminated on each other. The magnetic core (1) is made of flexible soft magnetic material. A wiring space is formed inside of the antenna apparatus. With this structure, the packing density is enhanced.

Abstract: A rear window glass sheet 10 includes a plurality of heating wires 2 and a plurality of bus bars 5a and 5b for feeding the heating wires 2, the heating wires 2 and the bus bars form a defogger, the heating wires 2 extend in a horizontal direction of the rear window glass sheet 10, and an antenna conductor 6 is disposed in an upper blank region of the rear window glass sheet 10 except for a defogger region. When it is assumed that there is a line, which passes through the center of the antenna conductor 6 in a left-to-right direction of the antenna conductor or the center of gravity thereof, and which extends parallel to the heating wire at the highest position, is called an imaginary parallel line 11, an island-like conductor 1a is disposed in an region of the rear window glass sheet 10 between the imaginary parallel line 11 and the heating wire 2a at the highest position as viewed three-dimensionally.

Abstract: An easy-to-install Luneberg lens antenna device is constituted by combining a hemispherical Luneberg lens and a radio wave reflector. The Luneberg lens antenna device comprises an antenna fixing jig (2), and a fixing means, e.g., a bolt (3), for fixing the radio wave reflector (1b) of the antenna device (1) removably to the antenna fixing jig (2). The reflector (1b) and the antenna fixing jig (2) are previously provided, respectively, with fixing parts for fixing by the fixing means, the antenna fixing jig (2) is fixed to an antenna installing section and the reflector (1b) is fixed to the antenna fixing jig (2) by the fixing means.

Abstract: An antenna is provided. The antenna may include at least one open-ended structure extending from a surface of a waveguide. The open-ended structure may have a cross section of many different shapes. The walls of the structure may be movable. The antenna structure may be rotated. The antenna may incorporate a number of different wave feeds. The antenna may provide two-dimensional beam steering.

Abstract: A magnetic member is interposed and arranged between an antenna element and a printed circuit board, and an air member or a dielectric member is interposed between the antenna element and the magnetic member. The magnetic member is constituted of a nanogranular structure in which magnetic nanoparticles with ferromagnetism are three-dimensionally dispersed and arranged in an insulating matrix substrate.

Abstract: A signal transmission line for a high resolution multi-media interface, comprises a plurality of transmission lines; each of the transmission lines having three conductive wires; two conductive wires being twisted and the other conductive wire being an independent wire; wherein each conductive wire has a plurality of twisting points, the twisted points of two adjacent transmission lines are alternatively arranged. The signal transmission line further comprises an isolating sheet alternatively passing through the gaps between two adjacent transmission lines. Furthermore a connector with the signal transmission line has an upper cover, a lower cover, a joint and a bridge device; wherein the upper cover and lower cover encloses the joint, bridge device and the signal transmission line; one end of the signal transmission line has bared wires; the bridge device has a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface.

Abstract: A mobile wireless communications device includes a housing and circuit board carried by the housing and having RF circuitry comprising at least one RF component and plurality of other components mounted on the circuit board. An RF metal shield is secured to the circuit board and surrounds and isolates the at least one RF component and plurality of other components within the RF metal shield. An RF absorber is positioned adjacent an area of the RF component that radiates energy to aid in reducing energy radiated from the RF component into the RF metal shield.

Abstract: A sparse array antenna is disclosed. The antenna comprises series-fed antenna array columns tuned to a respective transmit and receive frequency. The transmitting and receiving radiation elements are formed with a given distance between each transmitting radiator element and each receiving radiator element, and the series-fed antenna columns are arranged in parallel, perpendicular to a symmetry line forming a symmetric interleaved transmit/receive array. Furthermore the receiving array columns operate as parasitic elements in a transmit mode and transmitting array columns operate as a parasitic elements in a receive mode, thereby reducing creation of grating lobes. The created sparse array antenna may further be arranged to be scanable to also provide reduced sidelobes entering visual space when scanning the main radiation lobe from an off boresight direction. Typically the series-fed array columns may be formed as extended ridged slotted wave-guides tuned to a respective transmitting or receiving frequency.

Abstract: An ultra-wideband antenna structure is provided. The ultra-wideband antenna structure includes a substrate with an edge, a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface; a ground surface mounted on the first surface; a radiating element mounted on the second surface and near the edge, and being a bent metal piece; and a short-circuited metal unit mounted on the first surface having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is electrically connected to the ground surface and the second end is electrically connected to the radiating element.

Abstract: A metalized circuit suitable for application as a radio frequency antenna is produced by forming an antenna coil pattern on a flexible substrate. The antenna coil pattern is formed using a conductive ink which is patterned on the substrate. The conductive ink is cured and an electrical-short layer is formed across the coils of the conductive ink pattern. An insulating layer is formed over top of the electrical-short layer, a metal layer electroplated on top of the conductive layer, and then the electrical-short layer is removed. The use of the electrical-short layer during the electroplating allows for the voltage at the different points on the conductive ink layer to be relatively similar, so that a uniform electroplate layer is formed on top of the conductive ink layer. This results in a better quality radio frequency antenna at a reduced cost.

Abstract: An antenna system comprising a first antenna element, a second antenna element, the first and second elements defining at least in part a slot element, an active switching network in communication with one or both of the first and second antenna elements, the switching network operable to cause the antenna system to resonate in each of two modes: a first mode wherein the first element resonates at a first set of frequencies, and the first element and a second element resonate together at a second set of frequencies; and a second mode wherein the first element resonates at the first set of frequencies, and the slot element resonates at a third set of frequencies.

Abstract: An antenna array having a plurality of array elements is disclosed. The antenna array comprises a first array element (204A) having a first suspended radiator (207A) and a first ground conductor (206A), the first suspended radiator being displaced from the first ground conductor. The antenna also comprises a second array element (204B) being adjacent to the first array element, the second array element having a second suspended radiator (207B) and a second ground conductor (206B), wherein the second suspended radiator is displaced from the second ground conductor. In the antenna the first ground conductor is adjacent to and displaced from the second ground conductor and the first ground conductor is disposed on a first tier and the second ground conductor is disposed on a second tier to form an at least two-tiered ground conductor.

Abstract: An anisotropic reactive frequency selective surface (FSS) ground plane for controlling the beam pattern of an antenna. More specifically, the ground plane comprises a plurality of FSS unit cells arranged in an elongated shape and operable to control the beam pattern of the antenna in at least two orthogonal directions. The ground plane may be incorporated into a system including a vehicle windshield and the antenna, and is mounted at, or embedded in, a top-center portion of the windshield, substantially centered on the antenna.

Abstract: Enlarged display of part of display data on display by a first display section is performed to a second display section, based on a relative position of the second display section with respect to the first display section.

Abstract: A head-mounted display provides a user with an augmented view of an object being viewed; a tracking mechanism such as a camera repeatedly determine the position and orientation of the head-mounted display relative the object being viewed; and a computer system provides information for the augmented view and repeatedly updates the augmented view of the object being viewed based on the determined position and orientation of the display. The head-mounted display may be a see-through display; it may be video-based or optical-based, and it may be monoscopic and stereoscopic. The tracking mechanism determines its position using one or more markers or beacons on the object being viewed. The markers may be active or passive, including light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that emit invisible light.

Abstract: Biosensor, communicator, and/or controller apparatus, systems, and methods are provided for monitoring movement of a person's eye. The apparatus includes a device configured to be worn on a user's head, a light source for directing light towards one or both eyes of the user, one or more image guides on the device for viewing one or both eyes of the user, and one or more cameras carried on the device and coupled to the image guides for acquiring images of the eyes and/or the user's surroundings. The apparatus may include a cable and/or a transmitter for transmitting image data from the camera to a remote location, e.g., to processor and/or display for analyzing and/or displaying the image data. A system including the apparatus may be used to monitor one or more oculometric parameters, e.g., pupillary response, and/or to control a computer using the user's eyes instead of a mouse.

Abstract: In a plasma display, an output terminal of a scan integrated circuit is coupled to a plurality of scan electrodes, a first input terminal of the scan integrated circuit is coupled to a voltage source supplying a VscH voltage, and a second input terminal thereof is coupled to a source of a transistor. A gate of a transistor is coupled to an output terminal of a gate driver, a first node of the gate driver is coupled to a first voltage source supplying a first voltage, and a second node thereof is coupled to the source of the transistor. A first terminal of a capacitor is coupled to the first node of the gate driver, and a second terminal thereof is coupled to the second input terminal of the scan integrated circuit.

Abstract: An exemplary light circuit includes a light unit (7) that includes a plurality of light branches (L1, L2 . . . and Ln) connected in parallel; an ambient light detector (9) for detecting an ambient luminance; an ambient light switch (101) for enabling/disenabling the ambient light detector; a control unit (3) for producing PWM waves with a particular duty cycle according to the detected ambient luminance; and a switching circuit (6) for alternatively switching on and off the light unit according to the PWM waves. An exemplary electronic book (1) configured with the lighting circuit is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for processing data of a picture to be displayed on a display panel with persistent luminous elements in order to reduce load effect in said display means. The method comprises the following steps: computing, for each subfield, the amount of activated luminous elements in each line of luminous elements of the display panel, called line load, calculating, for each subfield, the maximal difference of line loads of two consecutive lines of the display panel, and selecting, for each subfield, a sustain frequency in accordance with its maximal load difference in order to reduce line load effect.

Abstract: A driving method of a plasma display panel with discharge cells formed at intersections of scanning electrodes SC1 through SCn and sustaining electrodes SU1 through SUn with data electrodes D1 through Dm includes setting a voltage applied to sustaining electrodes SU1 through SUn in a writing period of a sub-field whose brightness weight is lowest of a plurality of sub-fields to be higher than a voltage applied to sustaining electrodes SU1 through SUn in a writing period of other sub-fields, and, when whether each of the sub-fields emit or not emit light is controlled to display a desired gradation at a discharge cell, letting a discharge cell that displays a gradation higher than a first threshold value emit even in a sub-field whose brightness weight is lowest.

Abstract: A driving method for a plasma display apparatus is provided. In the method, a first pulse is applied to a first electrode in a positive direction and a second pulse is applied to the first electrode in a negative direction alternately during the sustain period. a predetermined bias voltage is applied to a second electrode during applying the a first pulse to a first electrode in a positive direction and a second pulse to the first electrode in a negative direction. Then, a rising period of the first pulse is shorter than a falling period of the second pulse.

Abstract: A field emission device and a method for controlling the same which can control a drive voltage so as to place a density of electrons reaching an anode electrode or an anode current into a desired value. A field emission display is provided with a gate electrode 3, an emitter 2, between which and the gate electrode is applied a drive voltage to emit electrons, an anode electrode 5 having a phosphor 6 receiving electrons emitting from the emitter to emit light, a current detector 11 for detecting an anode current flowing through the anode electrode and a drive voltage control 12 for controlling the drive voltage applied between the gate electrode and the emitter on the basis of the anode current detected by the current detector.

Abstract: A pixel providing voltage compensation and comprising a compensation device, a first switch element, a driving transistor, and a display element. The compensation device generates a compensation voltage during a first period. The first switch element transfers a data signal during a second period following the first period. The driving transistor operates in a reverse-bias mode during the first period. The driving transistor operates in a forward-bias mode during the second period to generate a driving current according to the compensation voltage and the data signal. The display element emits light according to the driving current.