Abstract: In a liquid crystal display unit where a matrix pattern of pixels are defined by gate lines and crosswise data lines, transparent pixel electrodes are formed on the same layer as the data lines and corresponding transparent common electrodes are formed above the transparent pixel electrodes. On the common electrodes the liquid crystal layer is provided. In the aperture of each pixel, the common electrode has a pattern of parallel stripe portions and a peripheral portion outside of the aperture for shielding the field of the corresponding data line. Each pixel electrode cooperates with that parallel stripe portions of the corresponding common electrode to produce inner fringe fields along such parallel stripe portions and has portions that overlap the peripheral portions of the common electrode to produce peripheral fringe fields so that liquid-crystal cells can be uniformly in-plane switched by the inner fringe fields as well as by the peripheral fringe fields.

Abstract: A display module includes a glass substrate, a first lead group, a second lead group, and a plurality of first dummy leads. The first lead group and the second lead group are disposed on a marginal area of the glass substrate. There is a flexible printed circuit (FPC) disposed on the first lead group and the second lead group after a first anisotropic conductive film (ACF) is applied thereon. The first dummy leads are disposed between the first lead group and the second lead group and also on the marginal area of the glass substrate. The first lead group and the second lead group are covered with the first ACF, and the first dummy leads are also covered by the first ACF to improve the performance of adhesion of the first ACF to the glass substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to displaying system having a display panel which comprises a sealing structure adapted for assembling a first substrate to a second substrate in an ODF process. The sealing structure comprises a sealant, applied between the substrates, and the panel comprises a black matrix, disposed along the first substrate, with a slot or windows disposed thereon for facilitating the passage of UV light. The sealant is at least partially exposed from the black matrix for curing by the UV light, which is projecting from the outer side of the first substrate. By using the mentioned structure, the dimensions of the LCD frame could be diminished, so that the displaying region could be efficiently utilized.

Abstract: An improved pair of safety glasses is provided with magnets to prevent flying debris, such as metal shavings, striking the face and endangering the eyes. Magnetic strips are disposed around the periphery of the safety glasses or embedded in grooves defined around the edge of the glasses. The magnetic strips will tend to attract any flying metal debris which may strike the safety glasses near the edges thereof, preventing metal particles from infringing the facial area, and, in particular, the area surrounding the eyes.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a spectacles and ornament assembly. The assembly comprises spectacles including a spectacle frame having a bridge connecting a pair of lens frames to each other, and a pair of temple arms connected to the spectacle frame, and at least one ornament selected from among a variety of ornaments having different shapes, designs, colors, and materials. Also, a plurality of magnets are provided at corresponding positions of the spectacle frame or each hinge and the ornament to detachably attach the ornament to the spectacle frame or each hinge, so as to achieve a variety of spectacle configurations in accordance with the wearer's different tastes.

Abstract: A pair of multi-purpose eyeglasses has a main frame and an inner frame. The main frame (110) includes a lens holder for holding lenses, a pair of temple arms (115) hingedly assembled with opposite side edges of the lens holder, and side assembling ribs (117) protruding from the side edges of the lens holder. The temple arms extends backward from and being capable of pivoting around the opposite side edges of the lens holder, and each of the side assembling ribs has a side assembling groove formed between the side assembling rib and the lens holder. The inner frame is detachably assembled with the outer frame and has side edges each of which can be inserted in the side assembling groove. A sealing member is attached to an inner surface of the inner frame. The inner frame and the outer frame can be easily assembled with or disassembled from each other according to a user's intention.

Abstract: A hybrid contact lens comprises a substantially rigid zone having a base curve with a first curved section defined by an apical radius and an aspheric section defined by a conic constant. A substantially flexible hydrophilic peripheral portion is coupled to the substantially rigid zone, the peripheral portion having one of a plurality of radii, wherein a conic constant of the aspheric section varies with apical radius, so as to provide a nearly constant deviation between the aspheric shape of the aspheric section and a sphere having a radius equal to the apical radius, regardless of the length of the apical radius.

Abstract: A lens mold assembly and optical lens made by it. The lens mold assembly comprises: a lower mold, in each of four corners of the top surface of the lower mold is formed a protrusion, a polarizing film is disposed in an area defined by the four protrusions of the lower mold; and an upper mold, a space is defined between the bottom surface of the upper mold and a top surface of the lower mold, so that melted plastic material is poured into the space to form an optical lens after solidification. The polarizing film is attached to the optical lens at the right angle and position.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique for enabling a user of a personal computer, a television, or the like to relieve his or her fatigue without difficulties. The present invention provides a fatigue relief supporting apparatus wherein the apparatus has image generating means for generating an image of a predetermined object which shuttles on a screen of an image display device in a horizontal direction and displaying the object image on the screen of the image display device, and wherein the user looks down to follow the object image with the user's eyes to relieve the user's fatigue.

Abstract: A selectively marked contact lens having, in one aspect, marks in an optical zone region on a surface thereof and, in another aspect, different marks outside an optical zone region of the lens, for an in-vivo lens. With the lens in-vivo, the subject's eye is illuminated and the lens is imaged. A fast algorithm is used to determine the mark coordinates in relation to a measured pupil coordinate to determine position and/or orientation of the contact lens. A wavefront aberration measurement can also be obtained simultaneously with the contact lens position measurement, as well as pupil size. A fast algorithm provides for online measurements; i.e., at a repetition rate of 10 Hz or greater, over a selected time interval. Blinking periods are determined and anomalous lens position and/or wavefront information is discarded. A most frequently occurring wavefront and/or contact lens position/orientation is determined over the selected time interval.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ophthalmologic image taking apparatus in which, when a processed medical image is read, an intended purpose of image taking can be intuitively and speedy understood, so that an image reading operation is accurately and efficiently conducted. The ophthalmologic image taking apparatus includes: an image taking optical system for taking an optical image of an eye to be examined; an electronic image taking portion for converting the optical image of the eye to be examined, which is formed by the image taking optical system, into digital image data; an input portion for inputting at least a magnification; a processing portion for processing the digital image data at the magnification at least for a magnification changing process; a display portion for displaying an image obtained by the magnification changing process; and an image storing portion for storing the digital image data and at least the magnification.

Abstract: An improved method for treating the eye includes the step of providing an ophthalmic instrument including an integral wavefront sensor. The wavefront sensor measures phase aberrations in reflections directed thereto to characterize aberrations of the eye. The wavefront sensor may be operably coupled to a display device, which displays a graphical representation of the aberrations of the eye. Such graphical representation may include: two dimensional contour maps that graphically depict contribution of pre-specified terms (such as spherical aberration, astigmatism and coma) for the aberrations of the eye, coefficients corresponding to such pre-specified terms that characterize the aberrations of the eye, or predefined two-dimensional icons that provide a general graphical depiction of such pre-specified terms.

Abstract: An apparatus for obtaining a retinal image of an eye has a control logic processor for executing a sequence of operations for obtaining the image. A visual target orients the eye of a patient when viewed. An indicator element provides a signal that indicates that the patient is in position. A cornea focus detection section indicates cornea focus, in cooperation with the control logic processor. An alignment actuator aligns the optical path according to a signal obtained from the cornea focus detection section. A retina focus detection section detects retina focus in cooperation with the control logic processor. A focusing actuator is controlled by instructions from the control logic processor according to a signal obtained from the retina focus detection section. An image capture light source is energized by the control logic processor for illuminating the retina.

Abstract: Technique for providing an indication of viewer interest in response to visual stimuli. A viewer is exposed to visual stimuli. The viewer's saccadic eye motion occurring while the viewer is being exposed to the visual stimuli are measured. The visual stimuli are displayed together with the measured saccadic eye motion that occurred while the viewer was being exposed to the visual stimuli as an indication of the viewer's interest in such visual stimuli.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and device of measuring the retinal stray light in the eye of a subject, comprising presenting to the subject a flickering stray light from a stray light source; presenting to the subject compensation light so as to undercompensate said part of the flickering stray; presenting to the subject compensation light, the compensation light flickering with a modulation depth so as to eventually overcompensate the flickering light being imaged on the retina; and determining from the results of a sequence of comparisons using different parameter values between the resulting retinal light flickering as perceived by the subject for the undercompensated test area and the eventually overcompensated test area a stray light parameter.

Abstract: The present invention provides a contact lens comprising a central portion including an optical zone, a peripheral portion surrounding the central portion and at least two areas of unequal size located on the peripheral portion, wherein the areas of unequal size have a thickness that is less than a thickness of the peripheral portion. According to some embodiments, the contact lens comprises a hybrid contact lens having a substantially rigid center portion and a substantially flexible peripheral portion.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a digital projector capable of projecting two-dimensional (2D) and stereoscopic images, and a controller to control the digital projector to project images based on the image signals. The controller controls the digital projector to switch from projecting stereoscopic images to projecting 2D images based upon a timer signal indicating that the digital projector has continuously projected stereoscopic images for a first preset period of time.

Abstract: An imaging unit including a first spectral splitting and illumination part and a second spectral splitting and recombination part. Within the first spectral splitting part received white light is split up into a first spectral component and a second spectral component. In the second spectral splitting part the second spectral component is split up into a third spectral component and a fourth spectral component. Additionally, first, second, and third partial images of an image to be generated are produced with respect to the first, third, and fourth spectral components of the white light. The first, second, and third partial images are recombined to obtain a recombined or reproduced image. The second spectral and polarization selective splitting and recombination part includes a dichloric beam splitting device and first and second polarization selective or polarizing beam splitting devices.

Abstract: A projector including: an adjustment image generation section which generates an adjustment image which allows adjustments of brightness and color difference; an input section to which operation information is input; an adjustment information generation section which generates brightness adjustment information indicating an adjustment value of the brightness and color difference adjustment information indicating an adjustment value of the color difference based on the operation information; and an adjustment section which adjusts the brightness and color of an image based on the brightness adjustment information and the color difference adjustment information.

Abstract: A briefing system is used to project images onto a projection screen to form a projection picture. The briefing system comprises a pointer, a projector and a computer electrically connected to the projector. The computer outputs an image signal to the projector. The projector projects an image corresponding to the image signal onto the projection screen to form the projection picture. The indicator is used to project an indication point. The projector also captures the image of the projection picture and the indication point and transfers the image to the computer. The computer then calculates a location where the cursor on the computer screen should reach according to the location of the indication point on the projection picture and moves the cursor on the screen to there.

Abstract: A video projector (1) comprises a light source (11) enclosed in a lamp box (12), an optical engine (100) including a color wheel (13), an optical tunnel (15), a mirror (16) and a DMD (Digital Micro-mirror Device) (17), and a blower fan (30a) disposed in the vicinity of the light source (11) and below the optical engine (100). The blower fan (30b) sucks air through a portion of the optical engine (100) where the optical tunnel (159 and so an are provided except the color wheel (13), generates a cooling air and exhausts a part of the cooling air toward the color wheel (13) and the rest of the cooling air toward the light source (11), so that the elements of the optical engine (100) and the light source (11) are cooled by the blower fan (30b) simultaneously.

Abstract: An angle adjusting mechanism (3) of a video projector (1) comprises a support (31) which can be pulled out downward from a bottom (2e) of a lower housing member (2b) to protrude a desired height, a lock member (32) to lock movement of the support (31), a link lever (33) to release locking of the support (31) by the lock member (32) when it is moved, and an operation button (35) having a top end portion (35e) inserted into a button hole (2c) of a upper housing member (2a) and movably held on a mounting base (33b) of the link lever (33) in a direction substantially parallel to the top face (2d) on which the button hole (2c) is formed.

Abstract: A projection system for forming an image, comprising a light source generating light beam; a color wheel used for performing color separation on the light beam of the light source, comprising a motor having a shaft, a carrier pivoted to the shaft of the motor, and a plurality of color filters fixedly disposed at the periphery of the carrier to form at least one gap; and a digital micromirror element used for reflecting the performed filtered light beams of the light source from the color wheel to form the image.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting a subject's eyes from being exposed to projected light when the subject is positioned in front of a background on which an image is displayed comprises capturing at least one image of the background including the displayed image, processing the captured image to detect the existence of the subject and to locate generally the subject and masking image data used by the projector to project the image corresponding to a region that encompasses at least the subject's eyes.

Abstract: A drive-assisted scan mirror reduces flyback time in a lightweight, compact image projection module operative for causing selected pixels in a raster pattern to be illuminated to produce a non-distorted image of increased brightness and in color.

Abstract: A exemplary system embodiment for supporting a cantilevered lens assembly positioned in a projection display device includes a first support member and a second support member. The first support member is configured to be coupled to the projection display device and is shaped to receive a portion of the cantilevered lens assembly. The second support member is configured for coupling the cantilevered lens assembly to the projection display device.

Abstract: A system and method of multi-directional projection in which the optical output from a projector is modified in response to characteristics of nearby surfaces, upon which projection can be directed. The multi-directional projection system can provide beneficial output as a primary indicator or a secondary indicating device that can be controlled by itself or synchronously with other devices, such as output from a computer monitor. One implementation incorporates an optical sensor coupled to the projector for registering object characteristics (e.g., distance, reflectance, texture, color, and ambient lighting), such as during a mapping operation performed across the pan and tilt range of the projector. The projection system preferably incorporates a focusing assembly and may include other controllable optical elements such as zoom. Control is preferably provided through commands within an application programming interface (API), such as executing on a personal computer or other form of computer device.

Abstract: A video projector (1) comprises a projection lens (18) which projects an image on a screen (S), a zoom ring (19) which varies a magnification ratio of the projection lens (18), a drive wheel (32) which is partially protruded from a bottom face of a housing (2), and a plurality of gears (310, 311, 312) that constitutes a power transmission mechanism (31) between the drive wheel (32) and the zoom ring (19). When the video projector (1) is moved in an anteroposterior direction to the screen with rotating the drive wheel (32), the zoom ring (19) is turned in conjunction with the rotation of the drive wheel (32) through the power transmission mechanism (31). Since the magnification ratio of the projection lens (18) is varied with the turning of the zoom ring (19), the size of the image projected on the screen is varied without a direct operation of the zoom ring (19) by a user.

Abstract: There is disclosed a light projection optical system comprising a light source; a relay lens unit which has a negative lateral magnification and which converts a luminous flux that has diverged from the light source into converged light; and a projection lens unit which reduces a divergent angle of the luminous flux from the relay lens unit to convert a state of the luminous flux into a state close to that of a parallel luminous flux and which projects light toward a target region, wherein the following conditions are satisfied: 0.9<?r<3.0 ; and ??(1) 1.0<(1+?r)(fr/|fo|)<6.0 , ??(2) in which ?r is an absolute value of the lateral magnification of the relay lens unit, fr is a focal length of the relay lens unit and fo is a focal length of the projection lens unit.

Abstract: A portable data processing apparatus includes a storage storing code associated with a computer program that generates at least one of (a) stereoscopic image data and (b) image data associated with images having two groups of primary colors. A keyboard allows a user to input data used by the computer program or entering commands to control execution of the computer program. A built-in digital projector integrated within the portable data processing apparatus projects onto an external display screen at least one of (a) stereoscopic images and (b) images having two groups of primary colors, the built-in digital projector being integrated within the portable data processing apparatus. A microprocessor executes the code and controls the built-in digital projector to project images based on the image data generated by the computer program.

Abstract: A projector includes: an image forming unit that forms an image using light emitted from a solid-state light source; a diffusion unit which is provided at focal positions of light components of the image formed by the image forming unit and diffuses the light; and a projection optical system that projects the light emitted from the diffusion unit.

Abstract: Lithography apparatus comprises a lithography tool housed in a first chamber, and a source of radiation at or below ultra violet wavelengths housed in a second chamber connected to the first chamber to enable radiation generated by the source to be supplied to the tool. A cryogenic vacuum pump is provided for at least one, preferably for each, of the chambers. A target material, such as xenon, supplied to the source for the generation of radiation is pumped from the second chamber, cryogenically purified and re-supplied to the source. A cryogenic refrigerator supplies cryogen to the cryogenic purifier and to the cryogenic vacuum pump(s).

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus is disclosed that has a heater configured to supply energy to a patterning device to heat the patterning device to form a desired thermal distortion pattern of the patterning device and a controller configured to effect an optical correction in the apparatus corresponding to the desired thermal distortion pattern to reduce the effect of thermal distortion of the patterning device on a pattern.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus is equipped with a laser unit that emits a laser beam, a memory that stores a first information which shows a first relation indicating a relation between a linewidth error of a pattern formed on a wafer and a spectral characteristic of the laser beam emitted from the laser unit, and a main controller that controls the spectral width of the laser beam via a laser controller, based on the first information and on information related to a reticle that is to be used. Main controller performs spectral width control of the laser beam so as to suppress linewidth error, based on the first information and on the information related to the reticle that is to be used.

Abstract: A method of transferring an image of a pattern layout onto a surface of a substrate including selecting a first illumination profile for a first area of the pattern layout and a second illumination profile for a second area of the pattern layout; switching illumination profile during transfer of the image of the pattern layout such that the first area of the pattern layout is illuminated with the first illumination profile and the second area is illuminated with the second illumination profile; and projecting an image of the illuminated first and second areas onto the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus includes a projection optical system which forms an image of a first pattern in a first exposure area and which forms an image of a second pattern in a second exposure area; and an adjusting device which adjusts a surface positional relationship between a surface of the substrate and a first image plane for forming the image of the first pattern thereon and which adjusts a surface positional relationship between the surface of the substrate and a second image plane for forming the image of the second pattern thereon when a shot area on the substrate is subjected to multiple exposure with the image of the first pattern and the image of the second pattern via the projection optical system. The substrate can be subjected to the multiple exposure satisfactorily and efficiently.

Abstract: A photomask for patterning an integrated circuit device using a patterning radiation may include a transparent substrate, a pattern of radiation blocking regions, an array of radiation blocking regions, and an array of shadowing elements. The transparent substrate may have first and second opposing surfaces, and the pattern of radiation blocking regions may be on at least one of the first and/or second surfaces of the transparent substrate. Moreover, the pattern of radiation blocking regions may define a pattern to be transferred to the integrated circuit substrate. The array of shadowing elements may be provided within the transparent substrate between the first and second opposing surfaces wherein a shadowing element of the array has a light transmittance characteristic different than that of an adjacent portion of the transparent substrate.

Abstract: A substrate stage is provided with an immersion liquid collection member that surrounds at least an alignment feature of the substrate stage used to align the substrate on the stage by engaging alignment structure of the substrate. The collection member is located at least partly below the periphery of the substrate held by the substrate holding member of the substrate stage. The collection member has an uppermost liquid-receiving surface that preferably is spaced below a lowermost surface of the substrate when the substrate is held by the substrate holding member. The collection member collects liquid that flows along the alignment feature so as to prevent that immersion liquid from flowing along the under-surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A liquid immersion exposure apparatus in which a substrate is exposed to an exposure beam, includes an optical member through which the substrate is exposed to the exposure beam, a cover member having a surface, a first holding system that detachably holds the cover member, and a second holding system that holds the cover member which is released from the first holding system. The surface of the cover member held by the second holding system is opposite to the optical member.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus includes: an optical system having an optical element on which a first exposure light and a second exposure light are incident, the first exposure light and the second exposure light from the optical element being irradiated onto a first exposure field and a second exposure field; and a detection device that detects at least one of the first exposure light and the second exposure light, which are from the optical element and are directed towards a different direction from directions towards the first and second exposure fields.

Abstract: An illumination optical apparatus includes a first fly-eye optical system having first optical components and a second fly-eye optical system having second optical components arranged in one-to-one correspondence to the first optical components. An illumination surface is illuminated with light from each of the second optical components in an overlapping manner. The correspondence relationship between the first optical components and the second optical components is established, so that the profile of light intensity distribution in the exit pupil of the illumination optical apparatus is almost rotationally symmetrical about an axis or substantially symmetrical about two directions perpendicular to each other, as well as almost symmetrical in shape.

Abstract: Movable-body apparatus, notably configured as stages, are disclosed that include at least one movable body and at least one respective actuator. The actuator drives the movable body in the direction of at least one axis in a predetermined plane. A waste-heat member is situated in a non-contacting manner with the movable body. The waste-heat member absorbs heat radiated from the movable body. Thus, adverse thermal influences of the movable body are suppressed without a need to connect a coolant conduit to the movable body, which eliminates decreases in movement accuracy conventionally caused by tension of such a conduit on the movable body.

Abstract: A stage device including a base, a stage movable portion being movable along said base without contact thereto, an interferometer configured to measure a position of the stage movable portion, at least one of a piping element and a wiring element connected to the stage movable portion, and at least one of a heat insulating material and a heat collecting unit configured to reduce a heat to be transmitted from the piping element or wiring element to a space through which measurement light of the interferometer passes.

Abstract: An improved technique for a laser rangefinder includes a pulsed laser sending out a repetition of light pulses and the received signal (light pulse and noise components combined) being analyzed by continuous averaging of successive received signal discrete time sequences, each sequence beginning with the onset of transmitted laser light. Also, a circuit generates high potentials for the laser diode driving circuitry that simultaneously drives the laser diode, having at least one of several beneficial characteristics: It is conveniently synchronous with the light pulse send/receive process to reduce the effects of noise on the receive section. It is energy efficient in converting low battery potentials to higher voltages. Finally, it utilizes a minimized number of components, leading to high product economy.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer program products are provided for accurately measuring frequency-and/or-phase-related parameters of a sinusoidal signal that varies non-linearly in frequency or phase. A sinusoidal signal is sampled over a finite period of time at a plurality of sample points. The sampled signals are pre-processed, and a Fourier transform is performed on the pre-processed sampled signals. Phases of the pre-processed sampled signals are extracted from the Fourier transform, and a measurement indicative of frequency of the sinusoidal signal is determined from slope of the phases of the pre-processed sampled signals. Range to a target may be determined using the exemplary signal processing described above on laser radar interference signals.

Abstract: An obstacle detection apparatus and method which can detect the state of an obstacle according to a signal generated when the obstacle detection apparatus collides with the obstacle and a change in the posture of the obstacle detection apparatus caused due to the collision with the obstacle. The obstacle detection apparatus includes a main body which can be moved along the surface of the ground, a movement amount determination module which determines whether the amount of movement of the main body is outside a predefined threshold range, a posture determination module which determines the changed posture of the main body with respect to the surface of the ground according to the amount of movement of the main body, and a state determination module which determines the state of an obstacle based on the results of determination of the movement amount determination module or the posture determination module.

Abstract: The stress of a sample semiconductor wafer is detected with high accuracy in the form of an absolute value without rotating the sample or the entire optical system. A laser light R is subjected to photoelastic modulation in a PEM 6 to generate a birefringence phase difference and then it is passed through first and second quarter wavelength plates and detected. This reference signal data is stored in a signal processor. The laser light R of polarized wave subjected to photoelastic modulation in the PEM 6 and passed through the quarter wavelength plate has a birefringence phase difference and passes through a semiconductor wafer D having residual stress. When it is passed through a test piece, the direction of the stress of the test piece is detected when the angle between the laser light R and a linear polarization light is 0 and 90 degrees.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining a tension in a target strand is disclosed. The method and apparatus provides a non-contact way for determining tension in any type of elongate element simply and efficiently.

Abstract: A process and an are described, which enable the analysis of very small amounts of sample (2) by infrared spectroscopy method. The invention relates in particular to a method which includes the following steps: aspirating the liquid sample (2) into a metering apparatus (1), metering the sample (2) onto the optical element (4) of an ATR apparatus, drying the sample (6), carrying out an ATR-IR spectroscopy measurement, forecasting the concentration of the analytes to be detected using a model-based calibration procedure.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an optical measurement apparatus equipped with an ion-exchange resin for pretreating a sample, thereby enabling the concentration of component in the sample to be measured with higher accuracy. The optical measurement apparatus of the present invention includes, in addition to the ion-exchange resin, an optical measurement section for measuring, based on the optical characteristics of the component, the concentration of the component in the sample after the sample is passed through the ion-exchange resin.