Abstract: The invention includes an ion affinity material having an organic component which is sulfonated and which is chemically bonded to an inorganic substrate component. The invention includes a method of forming a metal binding material. A solid support material comprising surface oxide groups is provided and an organic component having at least one alkyl halide is covalently linked to at least some of the surface oxide groups to form a modified support material. The at least one alkyl halide is subsequently converted into an alkyl sulfonate. The invention further includes a method and system for extracting ions from a liquid. An ion exchange material having a sulfonated alkyl silane component covalently bonded to a metal oxide support material is provided and a liquid is exposed to the ion exchange material.

Abstract: A thermally sensitive recording medium including on a support a thermally sensitive color development layer containing: a compound represented by the following general formula (1) as an organic color developing agent; and an oxalate compound represented by the following general formula (2) as a sensitizer. (In the formula (1): M represents CO or NRCO; when M is CO, m1 is 1; and when m1 is 0 and M is NRCO, B is not 0.

Abstract: A thermosensitive recording material comprising a substrate sheet and a thermosensitive colored image-forming layer formed on at least one surface of the substrate sheet and comprising at least one colorless or light-colored dye precursor and a color-developing agent reactive with the dye precursor upon heating to thereby develop a color, wherein the color-developing agent comprises at least one compound of the formula (I): (wherein R1 represents a member selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon groups and substituted aromatic hydrocarbon groups with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of a methyl group and a chlorine atom, and R2 represents a divalent organic group).

Abstract: A base support for an image recording material strikes a balance between high flatness and superb stiffness and is favorably available for various image recording mediums capable of providing high quality. The base support comprising at least base paper satisfying a ratio of subsurface internal bond strength A relative central internal bond strength B that is represented preferably by A/B?0.7, and more preferably by 0.3?A/B?0.7. The subsurface internal bond strength is preferably from 90 to 150 mJ.

Abstract: A fungicidally active compound of formula (I): where X is (X1), (X2) or (X3); Het is a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring containing one to three heteroatoms, each independently selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur, provided that the ring is not 1,2,3-triazole, the ring being substituted by groups R4, R5 and R6; R1 and R2 are each, independently, hydrogen, halo or methyl; R3 is optionally substituted C2-12 alkyl, optionally substituted C2-12 alkenyl, optionally substituted C2-12 alkynyl, optionally substituted C3?12 cycloalkyl, optionally substituted phenyl or optionally substituted heterocyclyl; R4, R5 and R6 are each, independently, selected from hydrogen, halo, cyano, nitro, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 haloalkyl, C1-4 alkoxy(C1-4)alkylene and C 1-4 haloalkoxy(C1-4)alkylene, provided that at least one of R4, R5 and R6 is not hydrogen; and R7 and R8 are each, independently, hydrogen, halogen, C1-4 alkyl or Clue haloalkyl; the invention also relates to the preparation of these compounds, to novel intermediates use

Abstract: A description is given of 4-(4-trifluoromethylpyrazolyl)pyrimidines of the formula (I) and of their use as herbicides. In this general formula (I), R1, R2, R3 and R4 are various radicals and Y is an aromatic or heteroaromatic radical.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of Formula I: wherein Ar1 is aryl or heteroaryl, Ar2 is aryl or heteroaryl, and R is a suitable organic group. Herbicidal composition comprising such active compounds, and methods for controlling undesirable plants by applying such compounds, are also described.

Abstract: Rare earth metal containing compounds of the formula Sr2LuSbO6 and Sr2LaSbO6 have been prepared as high critical temperature thin film superconductor structures, and can be used in other ferroelectrics, pyroelectrics, piezoelectrics, and hybrid device structures.

Abstract: A water-base fluid for use in drilling, cementing, workover, fracturing and abandonment of subterranean wells through a formation containing shale which swells in the presence of water. In one illustrative embodiment, the drilling fluid is composed of an aqueous based continuous phase, a weighting agent, and a shale hydration inhibition agent. The shale hydration inhibition agent should have the general formula: in which R and R? independently selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or propyl, and X has a value from 1 to 6. The shale hydration inhibition agent is present in sufficient concentration to substantially reduce the swelling of shale drilling cuttings upon contact with the drilling fluid. The drilling fluid may be formulated to include a wide variety of components of aqueous based drilling fluids, such as weighting agents, fluid loss control agents, suspending agents, viscosifying agents, rheology control agents, as well as other compounds and materials known to one of skill in the art.

Abstract: A method and composition are described for improving recovery of oil from an oil reservoir. The method includes adding an effective amount of a fatty acid alkyl ester oil recovery composition to an oil reservoir and recovering oil from the reservoir. The composition may include in predominant proportion a fatty acid alkyl ester as well as effective concentrations of a surfactant, a colloid, and an acid. One exemplary composition includes 96% soy methyl ester, 3% surfactant, and 1% vinegar.

Abstract: A grease for rock bit lubrication and other high temperature bearing applications is provided comprising a high viscosity index polyalphaolefin synthetic base fluid in combination with an alkylated naphthalene base fluid.

Abstract: A cleaning solution for semiconductor substrates comprising a nonionic surface active agent of the formula (1) and/or the formula (2), a chelating agent and a chelating accelerator: CH3—(CH2)l—O—(CmH2mO)n—X ??(1) wherein l, m and n independently represent a positive number, and X represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group; CH3—(CH2)a—O—(CbH2bO)d—(CxH2xO)y—X ??(2) wherein a, b, d, x and y independently represent a positive number, b and x are different, and X represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group.

Abstract: Described are polyalkylbicylic chemical derivatives for use a fragrance ingredients having the generic structure: wherein m=0 or 1; wherein X is methyl or hydrogen; wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 each represents methyl or ethyl with the proviso that when X is methyl, each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is methyl and when X is hydrogen, one of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is ethyl; and wherein R6 represents hydrogen or methyl. Methods for using and making these compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are excellent ?-secretase inhibitors, that is, compounds represented by the general formula (1) or prodrugs thereof: wherein A is amino or protected amino; B1 and B2 are each a single bond, alkylene of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or the like; D is a single bond, —NHCO, or the like; E is —COOH, tetrazole ring, or the like; n is an integer of 1 to 3; m is an integer of 1 to 3; G is hydroxyl, a group represented by the general formula (2), or the like: in which Z is —NH, -Asp-Ala-NH—, -Asp-Ala-, -Asp-NH—, or the like; L is a 5-to 10-membered ring optionally containing a heteroatom and/or unsaturated bond; X is —COOH, tetrazole ring, or the like; Y is hydrogen, —COOH, or the like; and k is an integer of 1 to 4; and R1, R2, and R3 are each alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides a therapeutic agent for treating inflammatory bowel diseases comprising as an active ingredient at least one member selected from polypeptides belonging a family exhibiting thioredoxin activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides peptides and peptide analogues that mimic the structural and pharmacological properties of human ApoA-I. The peptides and peptide analogues are useful to treat a variety of disorders associated with dyslipidemia.

Abstract: Conjugated nitro alkene compounds hamper or prevent proliferation of cancer cells in cell culture and in cancer patients, which can result in a decrease in tumor size and/or disappearance of the cancer. The compounds may act by interference with cancer cell biochemistry, in which isoprenoid groups such as farnesyl and geranylgeranyl become bonded to various oncogenic proteins such as Ras, RhoA, RhoB, or some other growth-related cellular protein(s).

Abstract: Methods for synthesizing proinsulin polypeptides are described that include contacting a proinsulin polypeptide including an insulin polypeptide coupled to one or more peptides by peptide bond(s) capable of being cleaved to yield the insulin polypeptide with an oligomer under conditions sufficient to couple the oligomer to the insulin polypeptide portion of the proinsulin polypeptide and provide a proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugate, and cleaving the one or more peptides from the proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugate to provide the insulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugate. Methods of synthesizing proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugates are also provided as are proinsulin polypeptide-oligomer conjugates. Methods of synthesizing C-peptide polypeptide-oligomer conjugates and other pro-polypeptide-oligomer conjugates are also provided.

Abstract: Phosphopeptides containing the Ser(P) cluster sequence motif Ser(P)-Ser(P)-Ser(P)-Glu-Glu- can stabilize their own weight in amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) [Ca3(PO4)1.87(HPO4)0.2xH2O] and amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate (ACFP) [Ca8(PO4)5F x H2O]. The amorphous phases stabilised by the phosphopeptides are an excellent delivery vehicle to co-localise Ca, F, and phosphate at the tooth surface in a slow-release amorphous form producing superior anticaries efficacy. These amorphous phases stabilised by the phosphopeptides also have utility as dietary supplements to increase calcium bioavailability and to help prevent diseases associated with calcium deficiencies.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds which are useful in the delivery of a wide variety of therapeutically useful molecules. In particular, the invention relates to compounds which are able to act as carriers for therapeutically useful molecules, and to pharmaceutical agents comprising these carriers. The compounds of the invention comprise a mono- or oligosaccharide, a lipidic moiety, and optionally a linker and/or a spacer. The pharmaceutical agents of the invention are particularly useful for oral administration.

Abstract: This invention relates to cyclised conotoxin peptides, processes for their preparation and their pharmaceutical use.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a pharmaceutical formulation comprising an amylin agonist and optionally a buffer, a tonicifier or stabilizer, and a preservative in a container, for example, a vial, prefilled cartridge, prefilled syringe or disposable pen. This formulation may be in liquid, gel, solid or powdered form for delivery, for example, via nasal, pulmonary, oral, sublingual, buccal, transdermal, or parenteral routes. Formulation with biocompatible polymers and release modifiers, such as sugars, can facilitate controlled release after injection, minimizing the number of administrations to a patient. These formulations maintain stability upon storage under refrigerated or room temperature conditions. Such formulations can be further combined with insulin for administration to a patient.

Abstract: Isolated omentin polypeptides that selectively express in omental fat tissue and methods for the use of the polypeptides. The polypeptides can be used in a method for modifying insulin action and/or glucose metabolism in an animal. The polypeptides can be used to promote glucose uptake by animal adipocytes and other cells, tissues, and/or organs. The polypeptides can also used to provide a therapeutic treatment for diseases of or related to glucose metabolism and adipose tissues. The polypeptides are also incorporated into diagnostic tests and testing kits for diagnosing or detecting a disease or condition involving animal tissue that contains, uses, or expresses the polypeptide in an animal suspected of having the disease or condition.

Abstract: Methods for stimulating proliferation and inhibiting death of cells in the epidermis and dermis of wounded and non-wounded as well as transplanted mammalian skin and transplanted skin cell suspensions are described. The methods include the steps of administering to an area of wounded or non-wounded skin therapeutically effective amounts of ?1-antitrypsin, alkaline phosphatase (such as placental alkaline phosphatase), transferrin, and ?1-acid glycoprotein in compositions that contain at least two of these proteins, or their active derivatives, as the major active components. The compositions can be administered topically and/or by injection, or both. The invention also provides regimens for restoring or maintaining the strength and thickness of wounded, non-wounded and transplanted skin as well as developing new skin from skin cell suspensions comprising periodically administering one or more compositions topically and/or by injection.

Abstract: A process is provided for making (?)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) by subjecting a green tea extract to chromatography on a macroporous polar resin, eluting EGCG from the resin with a polar elution solvent, optionally concentrating the eluate, optionally regenerating the resin by desorbing the remaining catechins, and optionally concentrating the desorbed catechins.

Abstract: The present invention relates to derivatives of 9-keto spinosyns, which are substituted by a ?N—(O, NH or NRx)—Ry moiety in the C-9 position, to methods for their manufacture, and to their use for controlling animal pests.

Abstract: The present invention discloses compounds of formula I, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, or prodrugs thereof: which exhibit antibacterial properties. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the aforementioned compounds for administration to a subject in need of antibiotic treatment. The invention also relates to methods of treating a bacterial infection in a subject by administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds of the present invention. The invention further includes process by which to make the compounds of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chemically synthesized promoters that circumvent the disadvantages of the universal CMV promoter/enhancer elements. The promoter may be used in a variety of applications, particularly in genetic immunization. The chemically synthesized promoter overcomes the common problems of the CMV promoter element such as: low transgene expression levels, transient expression, and the large amount of plasmid DNA needed for intramuscular injection in subjects.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 1-aza-dibenzoazulene derivatives, to their pharmacologically acceptable salts and solvates, to processes and intermediates for the preparation thereof as well as to their antiinflammatory effects, especially to the inhibition of tumour necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) production and the inhibition of interleukin-1 (IL-1) production as well as to their analgetic action.

Abstract: The present invention relates to insecticidal mixtures of chloronicotinyl insecticides of the formula (I) in which R1 represents C1-C5-alkyl, R2 represents hydrogen or C1-C5-alkyl or R1 and R2 together represent —CH2—CH2—; —CH2—CH2—CH2— or X represents an NH group, NCH3 group or represents sulphur, Y represents nitrogen or a CH group and Z represents cyano or nitro, with one or more of the synergists mentioned in the description.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel betulinic acid derivatives with increased activity for the treatment of carcinomas and HIV diseases, a method for preparing such novel betulinic acid derivatives as well as their use as pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sterol derivative having a pKa value of 3.5-8 according to the general formula cation-spacer 2-Y-spacer 1-X-sterol, wherein Y and X represent bonding groups. The invention also relates to liposomes containing said sterol derivatives.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel mometasone furoate cream formulation for topical administration in a oleaginous base containing propylene glycol. This cream is a cosmetically elegant preparation of mometasone that is both stable and bioeffective.

Abstract: Drugs useful for the treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia, moreover drugs useful for the treatment and prevention of cholestasis-caused hepatopathy, particularly primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis, and drugs for the treatment and prevention of obesity, fatty liver and steatohepatitis, containing as active ingredients benzothiazepine compounds having a thioamide bond and a quaternary ammonium substituent, represented by formula (1) below are provided. Also, drugs containing ileal bile acid transporter inhibiting compounds as active ingredients for the treatment and prevention of cholestasis-caused hepatopathy are provided.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula (I), wherein R3 is selected from H, OH and NH2; R30 is selected from ?O and ?S; W is —C(?O)—, —S(?O)—, or —S(O)2—; or W may be —CH2— if X is —C(?O)—; X is selected from —CH2—, —N(R4)—, and —O—, except that when W is —CH2—, X is —C(?O)—; Y is a bond or —C(R40)(R45)—; Q is a linker; Z is optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; and R1, R2, R24, and R25 are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel pyrrolo [2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine compounds. This invention also provides a process for the preparation of novel pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine compounds. These novel pyrrolo [2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine compounds are useful as antitumor agents. It also provides a process for the preparation of 7-methoxy-8-{n-[4-(2-oxo-2H-4-chromenyl)piperazino]alkyl}-oxy-(11aS)-1,2,3,11a-5H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepin-5-one and 7-methoxy-8-{n-[4-(7-alkoxy-8-methyl-2-oxo-2H-4-chromenyl)piperazino]alkyl}-oxy-(11aS)-1,2,3,11a-5H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]. benzodiazepine-5-one with aliphatic chain length variations for these compounds.

Abstract: Disclosed are cathepsin S, K, F, L and B reversible inhibitory compounds of the formulas (Ia) and (Ib) where R2, R3, R4, R6, R8 and Y are defined herein. The compounds are useful for treating autoimmune and other diseases.

Abstract: Piperidine derivatives and pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof useful in methods of treatment of bacterial infections in mammals, particularly in man.

Abstract: A compound selected from those of formula (I): wherein: W1, with the carbon atoms to which it is bonded, represents phenyl or pyridyl, Z represents a group selected from hydrogen, halogen, linear or branched (C1-C6)alkyl, aryl, aryl-(C1-C6)alkyl, aryloxy, aryl-(C1-C6)alkoxy, hydroxy and linear or branched (C1-C6)alkoxy, R1 is as defined in the description, R2 represents hydrogen or —CH2CH2O—R8, R3 and R4 each represents hydrogen, linear or branched (C1-C6)alkyl, aryl or aryl-(C1-C6)alkyl, n represents an integer of from 1 to 6 inclusive, its isomers, and addition salts thereof with a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base, and medicinal products containing the same which are useful in the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: The present application describes 1,1-disubstituted cycloalkyl compounds and derivatives thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms thereof, which are useful as inhibitors of factor Xa.

Abstract: Benzimidazole derivatives having the general formula I are provided. These compounds are useful as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, especially for the treatment of cancer.

Abstract: The invention relates to N-phenyl-2-pyrimidine-amine derivatives of formula I wherein the substituents are defined as indicated in the description, to processes for the preparation thereof, to medicaments comprising those compounds, and to the use thereof in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the therapeutic treatment of warm-blooded animals, including humans.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide dosage forms and methods for treating a patient with an inflammatory disorder with a therapeutically effective amount of aminopterin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, that achieve efficacy without concomitant toxicity. Within certain embodiments, the present invention provides a method for treating an inflammatory disorder in a patient with uninterrupted doses of aminopterin.

Abstract: The present application describes sulfonylaminovalerolactams and derivatives thereof of Formula Ia-If: or pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms thereof, wherein ring G is a mono- or bicyclic carbocycle or heterocycle. Compounds of the present invention are useful as inhibitors of trypsin-like serine proteases, specifically factor Xa.

Abstract: Novel FBPase inhibitors of the formula I and X are useful in the treatment of diabetes and other conditions associated with elevated blood glucose.

Abstract: Inhibitors of MIF are provided which have utility in the treatment of a variety of disorders, including the treatment of pathological conditions associated with MIF activity. The inhibitors of MIF have the following structures: including stereoisomers, prodrugs and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein n, R1, R2, R3, R4, X, and Z are as defined herein. Compositions containing an inhibitor of MIF in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier are also provided, as well as methods for use of the same.

Abstract: Inhibitors of MIF are provided which have utility in the treatment of a variety of disorders, including the treatment of pathological conditions associated with MIF activity. The inhibitors of MIF have the following structures: including stereoisomers, prodrugs and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein n, R1, R2, R3, R4, X, and Z are as defined herein. Compositions containing an inhibitor of MIF in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier are also provided, as well as methods for use of the same.

Abstract: The present application describes modulators of CCR3 of formula (I): or pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms thereof, useful for the prevention of asthma and other allergic diseases.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a metabolite of a xanthine Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor having the following structure derivatives, and formulations thereof, and processes for preparing the same.

Abstract: Pyrimidine derivatives of the formula (I) and physiologically acceptable salts thereof, in which R1, R2, R3, R4, W, X, Y and Z are as defined in claim 1, exhibit phosphodiesterase V inhibition and can be employed for the treatment of diseases of the cardiovascular system and for the treatment and/or therapy of potency disorders