Abstract: Smoking articles having reduced ignition proclivity characteristics are disclosed. Smoking articles include a paper wrapper that is treated with a film-forming composition. The film-forming composition forms treated discrete areas on the wrapper. The treated discrete areas reduce ignition proclivity properties of the smoking article made with the wrapper. The film-forming composition contained a film-forming material blended with a burn promoting agent in the absence of a burn retardant. In one embodiment, for instance, the film-forming composition consists essentially of a film-forming material and a burn promoting agent. Various advantages and benefits are realized by blending a film-forming material with burn promoting agent without also incorporating a burn retardant into the composition.

Abstract: an illuminated artificial nail for human fingernails and toenails includes a base substrate having a top view footprint of a shape and size to fit onto at least a portion of a human nail, and having sufficient flexibility to form into, or having a general curvature of, a human nail, and attachable to a human fingernail. There is a lamp atop the base substrate and a power source connected to the lamp to illuminate it. There is also a top member having a single planar smooth top surface, the top member being selected from the group consisting of a top portion of the lamp, and a cover on top of the lamp. The top member has at least a portion thereof light transmittable, i.e., translucent or transparent.

Abstract: A nit picking device and method for mechanically stripping nits, eggs, and lice from human hair. The device includes a pair of cooperating tongs each of which is elongated and joined at one end to the juxtaposed end portion of the cooperating tong. The opposite ends of the tong serve to carry an abrasive pad capable of stripping nits from nit laden human hair shafts. As the pads with human hair gripped there between are moved along the length of the hair, the nits are removed from the shafts and in one embodiment captured at least in part in the pads carried by tongs.

Abstract: A kit for use in masking a scalp of a person to minimize the appearance of hair loss includes a container of powdered masking material, and at least one applicator brush. The applicator brush is operable to transfer the powdered masking material to at least a portion of the person's scalp. At least some bristles of the applicator brush have a varying length such that distal ends of the at least some bristles collectively define an angled application profile.

Abstract: Eyelash extensions and a method for applying the same are described. The eyelash extensions comprise a first filament having both a proximal end and a distal portion with a distal end. The method for applying the eyelash extensions comprises acts of fastening the user's eyelashes against the user's face and attaching multiple layers of eyelash extensions (the proximal end) to the user's eyelashes. Each of the multiple layers is applied one layer at a time, thereby providing a user with eyelashes having eyelash extensions attached thereto.

Abstract: Eyelash extensions and a method for applying the same are described. The eyelash extensions comprise a first filament having both a proximal end and a distal portion with a distal end. Each of the proximal end and distal end are tapered and of a size such that the proximal end can be attached with a single eyelash. In some aspects, the filament can be branched to form a branched eyelash extension. The eyelash extensions come in multiple sizes, shapes, and colors to provide the user with increased aesthetics and comfort.

Abstract: A kit for dental cleaning, comprising a toothpaste dispenser, provided with at least one opening for dispensing toothpaste and with at least one hollow receptacle arranged proximate to the opening, and at least one toothbrush provided with a handle for supporting a bristly head; the toothbrush is suitable to be arranged so that the head is protected at the receptacle and so that a portion of the handle faces the opening in order to close it.

Abstract: To provide a method and apparatus for cleaning a substrate to effectively remove an organic type or metallic type contaminant from a to-be-cleaned surface of a substrate by an increase in the intensity of UV light at the to-be-cleaned surface of the substrate and by an increase in the concentration of ozone O3, excited state oxygen atoms O(1D) and active oxygen.

Abstract: The method and apparatus of the embodiments of the present invention employ an in-situ particle decontamination technique that allows for such decontamination while a wafer is a vacuum tool or deposition chamber, thereby eliminating the need for another device for performing decontamination. This in-situ decontamination is effective for particle contamination resulting, for example, from tool resident mechanical component. Furthermore, particle decontamination is performed in the presence of plasma, having a potential for helping to maximize a “self bias” voltage, under RF conditions, and is integrated into the vacuum process.

Abstract: A method of removing a metal includes exposing at least a portion of a metal-to-metal removal chemistry, wherein the metal removal chemistry comprises a chlorine-rich superoxidizer. In one embodiment, the metal being removed is a metal, such as a noble metal, that did not react with the semiconductor device during a salicidation process. In one embodiment, the chlorine-rich superoxidizer is formed by mixing hydrochloric acid in gas form with hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid. The metal can be exposed to the chlorine-rich superoxidizer in various ways, such as through an immersion or spray process.

Abstract: A cloth accessory and methods for the use thereof are disclosed and described. In one aspect, the cloth accessory may include a cover member forming an enclosure with a cavity therein, and a cloth attached to the cover member. The cloth may have a first configuration wherein the cloth is retracted substantially into the cover member, and a second configuration wherein the cloth is extended substantially out of the cover member without becoming detached therefrom.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed providing a portable, multi-purpose golf apparatus. The apparatus includes a casing, a cleaning device, and an opening. The cleaning device may be extendable through the opening an effective distance to clean a golf ball. A carrier may be mounted to the cleaning device within the casing. The carrier may slide within the casing to transition the cleaning device from a stored position to an extended position. The golf apparatus may further include a positioning mechanism coupled to the carrier. The apparatus may include a second opening through which a divot tool or other supplemental device may be extendable.

Abstract: A dishwashing machine is provided with a washing compartment and with devices for washing dishes using a washing solution as well as with a sorption drying device, which is connected to the washing compartment in an air-conducting manner via an outlet of the washing compartment and via an inlet of the washing compartment and which comprises a sorption column containing reversibly dehydratable material, the outlet of the washing compartment being connected to the sorption drying device via an air duct. In order to obtain an optimized sorption drying device, the air duct is provided, at least in part, in the form of a condensing surface.

Abstract: A spray device for a dishwasher is provided. The spray device includes a hub and a first spray arm mounted to the hub and having a first set of nozzles configured to introduce a solvent within the dishwasher in a first mode of operation. The spray device also includes a second spray arm mounted to the hub and having a second set of nozzles configured to introduce the solvent within the dishwasher in a second mode of operation, wherein the second spray arm is transverse to the first spray arm.

Abstract: A conveyor-type dish washer and method of operating it, wherein a cold water curtain in the form of a cold water spray mist is located near the exit opening of the dishwasher and items to be cleaned are passed through the cold water curtain prior to exiting the dishwasher.

Abstract: A cleaning method for cleaning a powder container by introducing a cleaning medium into the powder container from a first opening part of the powder container for attaching powder in the powder container to the cleaning medium and discharging the cleaning medium together with the powder from a second opening part situated opposite from the first opening part is disclosed. The method includes a step of releasing the cleaning medium from a position higher than the first opening part of the powder container.

Abstract: The invention relates to devices and methods for cleaning centrifugal separators for concurrent and countercurrent separation of solid and/or liquid particles suspended in gaseous media. The device comprises a rotor (12) which is provided with a multiplicity of sedimentation members (14) and which is mounted rotatably in a surrounding housing (20). In concurrent separation, a flushing nozzle (36) is arranged upstream of the sedimentation members (14) in order to supply a cleaning liquid for flushing the sedimentation members clean. In countercurrent separation, the flushing nozzle is arranged upstream and/or downstream of the sedimentation members in order to supply cleaning liquid from outside and/or from inside the rotor for flushing the sedimentation members clean.

Abstract: After rinsing, while rotating a substrate, a front layer part of a rinsing liquid (DIW) adhering to a substrate surface is drained and removed from the substrate surface. This is followed by supply to the substrate surface of a liquid mixture which is obtained by mixing IPA and DIW together. Since a majority of the rinsing liquid on the substrate surface is removed off from the substrate surface, even when micro patterns are formed on the substrate surface, the liquid mixture replaces the liquid component adhering to the gaps between the patterns. Further, the IPA concentration in the liquid mixture supplied to the substrate surface is set to 50% or below.

Abstract: A semiconductor substrate cleaning liquid composition is provided that includes one or more types selected from the group consisting of a compound having at least two sulfonic acid groups per molecule, phytic acid, and a condensed phosphoric acid compound; an inorganic acid; and water. There is also provided a process for cleaning a semiconductor substrate that includes a first step of cleaning the semiconductor substrate using the semiconductor substrate cleaning liquid composition and, subsequent to the first step, a second step of cleaning the semiconductor substrate with pure water, ozone water formed by dissolving ozone gas in pure water, or aqueous hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for wet treatment of disk-like substrates comprising a first plate (10) with a size and shape being able to overlap a disk-like substrate to be treated, holding means (22) for holding a disk-like substrate (W) parallel to said first plate in a s distance of 0.2 to 5 mm, rotating means (37) for rotating the disk-like substrate (W) about a rotation axis (A) substantially perpendicular to said first plate, first dispensing means (14) with a first dispensing opening (16) in the first gap for introducing fluid into a first gap (11) between said first plate (10) and a disk-like substrate (W) when being treated, and shifting means (34) for shifting the position of said first dispensing opening (16) from a first position (P1) to a second position (P2) wherein the distance of said first position (P1) to the rotation axis (A) is smaller than the distance of said second position (P2) to the rotation axis (A). Furthermore an associated method is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to the formulation and application of water based predominantly pH neutral microemulsions and microemulsion forming surfactant systems essentially comprising a surfactant or surfactant˜end, lactates)—esters) of lactic acid—and water/brine and optionally solvent. Uniquely the formulations are acid and caustic free and also do not make use of alcohol, glycol and glycol ether components in the systems as co surfactant, co-solvent or mutual solvent. In particular the invention relates to the methods and the application of this microemulsion technology for use in industrial hard surface cleaning applications especially the inks and printing industries and the oil and gas industry. In addition the formulations can be used in the production of microemulsion based drilling muds (which may or may not be Oil Based Muds—OBMs) and they may be used to enhance the drill cuttings slurrification processes for re-injection purposes or for facilitated cuttings transport.

Abstract: An improved process for removal of particulate matter having airborne potential. The process includes applying a foam to the particulate matter in a particulate matter area to prevent the particulate matter from becoming airborne. The particulate matter area may then be removed, prior to the foam draining, and encased in a storage device.

Abstract: A dishwasher includes a washing container, devices for washing dishes by means of rinsing liquor, and a sorption drying device which is connected in an air-conducting manner to the washing container via an outlet of the washing container and an inlet of the washing container. The sorption drying device is provided with a sorption column encompassing reversibly dehydratable material and is disposed between a wall of the washing container and an exterior housing wall of the dishwasher.

Abstract: In a first aspect, a module is provided that is adapted to process a wafer. The module includes a processing portion having one or more features such as (1) a rotatable wafer support for rotating an input wafer from a first orientation wherein the wafer is in line with a load port to a second orientation wherein the wafer is in line with an unload port; (2) a catcher adapted to contact and travel passively with a wafer as it is unloaded from the processing portion; (3) an enclosed output portion adapted to create a laminar air flow from one side thereof to the other; (4) an output portion having a plurality of wafer receivers; (5) submerged fluid nozzles; and/or (6) drying gas flow deflectors, etc. Other aspects include methods of wafer processing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a microfluidic device, comprising: a substrate; a sample solution inlet provided on the substrate for introducing a sample solution; a washing solution inlet provided on the substrate for introducing a washing solution; a washing valve provided on the substrate at which the sample solution and the washing solution stops and in which passive washing is induced by pressure difference between the sample solution inlet and the washing solution inlet when the sample solution and the washing solution join together; and a plurality of channels connecting the sample solution inlet and the washing solution inlet to the washing valve, within which channels the sample solution and the washing solution can move by capillary force.

Abstract: A dishwashing machine is provided having a washing compartment and devices for washing crockery using a washing solution as well as with a sorption drying device, which is connected to the washing compartment in an air-conducting manner and which comprises a heater as well as a sorption column containing reversibly dehydratable material. The sorption drying device is placed inside a housing having an air inlet and an air outlet, and the heater is placed in the immediate vicinity of the air inlet of the sorption drying device.

Abstract: An apparatus for washing a vehicle that is relatively moved through the apparatus includes pivotal side arms with independently pivotal nozzles for the dispensing of cleansing fluids as well as a pivotal overhead boom that also includes independently pivotal nozzles so that the side arms and the boom as well as the nozzles associated therewith can be optimally positioned for directing high pressure liquid at the vehicle. The side arms and boom are also moved from retracted to extended positions with power cylinders and retracted from the extended to retracted positions by counter balancing weights.

Abstract: A substrate treating apparatus for drying substrates by moving the substrates out of a treating liquid into a solvent atmosphere.

Abstract: An umbrella handle structure includes a main body shaped as a dumbbell shape and having a through-hole, an upper end and a lower end. The through-hole runs through the upper and lower ends, a first positioning seat has a fastening portion and a second positioning seat has a thread hole therein, the fastening portion and the fastening hole are fastened to each other so that the first and second positioning seats are fixedly engaged to the main body. A soft glue cap under which the main body is sleeved so that a closed space is formed between the soft glue cap and the main body. A silicon glue is filled within the closed space so that a comfort feel may be brought to a user holding an umbrella having the umbrella handle structure.

Abstract: A tent having an electrical system. A single battery pack may be used to provide power for lights or other powered components. As examples of lights that may be used, an overhead light may be provided for a central room and a smaller light may be provided for a sleeping room of the tent. In addition, a tent finder, such as a small LED lamp, may be provided that may be attached to the outside of the tent and which may be used for finding the tent in the dark. The light system may utilize a number of extension cords for routing power to the various powered components. The modular tent system may include a variety of attachments or wire holders for routing the extension cords and other wires of the powered system through the modular tent system.

Abstract: The tent frame supports a traditional canopy, a tension canopy and a pagoda canopy and can be configured as a tent assembly kit. The tent frame includes uprights removably fitted into respective corner fittings along with generally horizontal tent frame cross members also fitted into the corner fittings. Canopy support members have one end removably coupled to the corner pieces and a crown fitting receives the other end of the canopy support member. A removable vertical extension piece is removably mounted atop the crown fitting such that when the extension piece is threaded to the crown fitting, the pagoda canopy can be utilized with the assembled tent frame or, in a different tent assembly without the extension piece, the tent frame retains and supports either the traditional canopy or the tension canopy.

Abstract: A boat lift canopy comprises a truss type framework with a base frame that may be rectangular, comprised of side and end horizontal members. The framework is comprised of channel-ridge interlocking extruded components, enabling easy construction with minimal or no welded parts. Joined to the base frame and circumscribed by it is a tie bar frame, which may be discontinuous. A fabric cover snugly encloses the outside of the framework, wrapping around the base frame and secured to the tie tube frame with canopy ties. The boat lift canopy is held above the boat lift by vertical members connecting to supporting legs. The canopy is releasably coupled to the vertical members at the tie tube frame, facilitating adjustable extension of canopy overhang or length by the addition of frame members extending the canopy framework. The framework of the canopy employs a truss design such as Howe kingpost to maximize framework strength to support substantial cantilevered canopy overhangs.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pavilion, particularly for protection from the sun, light, wind and rain and for providing privacy. In contrast to conventional awnings or beach tents, the size and inclination of the transportable pavilion can be altered. To this end, a dome-like roof element is mounted in an articulated arrangement situated on both sides of the roof element in such a manner that the tensioning braces that tension the roof element are accommodated in accommodating shafts, which are mounted in a manner that enable them to rotate individually, thereby enabling the inclination of the roof element to be altered relative to the surface upon which the pavilion is placed. By moving the tensioning braces relative to one another, the tensioning angle and thus the size of the roof element can be altered.

Abstract: A surface electrode (5) is installed on the light receiving surface of a solar cell element, the surface electrode (5) comprises three bus bar electrodes (5a) for extracting light-produced at the solar cell element to the outside and collecting finger electrodes (5b) connected to these bus bar electrodes (5a), and the bus bar electrodes (5a) are not less than 0.5 mm and not more than 2 mm in width and the finger electrodes (5b) are not less than 0.05 mm and not more than 0.1 mm in width. A high-efficient solar cell module can be obtained with substantially lowered resistance by increasing the number of bus bar electrode (5a) and thereby decreasing the lengths of the finger electrodes (5b).

Abstract: Supporting frame structure for installing plain solar cell module plates and incidental facilities on a house roof is provided. The supporting structure is in the shape of pluralities of slope structured solar cell plate mount accompanied by cleaning accesses mounted on a rectangular cube frame. Side view of the solar cell plate mount forms a rectangular triangle on a square. The angle between the sloped top surface and the horizontal base is 3 to 75 degrees, depending on the latitude of the geometric location of the place where the solar cell plate modules are installed. Pluralities of cooling frames are installed between the solar cell panels and solar cell plate mounts to eliminate heat accumulated in the solar cell module plates and maintains temperature of the solar cells therein under 80° C. The cooling frame is comprised of 5 cm by 10 cm square wood frame with pass ways for air and mist of water.

Abstract: The present embodiments are directed to photovoltaic devices that convert sunlight into electrical energy. More specifically, the present embodiments include a phosphor-containing, wavelength-converting material for shifting higher energy light to a lower energy form, the latter being more suitable for the typical solar cell to convert to electricity. The absorption of the phosphor may range from about 280 to 460 nm. Advantageously, the phosphor component of the wavelength converter may be in the form of nano-particles embedded in a transparent matrix for reducing scattering losses.

Abstract: The present invention provides a light converging-type solar photovoltaic apparatus having: a case having: a bottom member; a peripheral member; and an upper member so as to form a space in the case, the case inclining so as to face the upper member to the sun; a plurality of Fresnel lenses provided at the upper member, the Fresnel lenses converging sun light; a plurality of solar battery cells provided in the case, the solar battery cells each receiving each sun light converged by the Fresnel lenses to generate electric power, the peripheral member having surfaces opposed to each other, the opposed surfaces each having at least one opening portion, and a vent valve provided at each opening portion, the vent valve having a mesh interrupting ventilation upon a water film being formed on the mesh.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for improved environmental protection for photovoltaic devices and assemblies. In one embodiment, the device comprises of an individually encapsulated solar cell, wherein the encapsulated solar cell includes at least one protective layer coupled to at least one surface of the solar cell and the protective layer may be formed from a substantially inorganic material. The protective layer has a chemical composition that prevents moisture from entering the solar cell and wherein light passes through the protective layer to reach an absorber layer in the solar cell.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for improved environmental protection for photovoltaic devices and assemblies. In one embodiment, the device comprises of an individually encapsulated solar cell, wherein the encapsulated solar cell includes at least one protective layer coupled to at least one surface of the solar cell. The protective layer may be a hybrid organic/inorganic material that has a chemical composition that prevents moisture from entering the solar cell and wherein light passes through the protective layer to reach an absorber layer in the solar cell.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for improved environmental protection for photovoltaic devices and assemblies. In one embodiment, a photovoltaic device module is provided comprising of a multi-ply module encapsulant, a bottom module layer, and a plurality of solar cells. The multi-ply module encapsulant includes one or more discrete layers comprising of at least a first module layer and at least a second module layer. The plurality of solar cells may be sandwiched between the multi-ply module encapsulant and the bottom module layer. At least one of the cells has a protective layer that provides a level of moisture resistance equal to or higher than any of the layers above the cells. The protective layer is typically above the solar cell and light passes through the multi-ply module encapsulant and the protective layer to reach the solar cell.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for improved environmental protection for photovoltaic devices and assemblies. In one embodiment, a photovoltaic device module is provided comprising of a multi-ply module encapsulant, a bottom module layer, and a plurality of solar cells. The multi-ply module encapsulant includes one or more discrete layers comprising of at least a first module layer and at least a second module layer. The plurality of solar cells may be sandwiched between the multi-ply module encapsulant and the bottom module layer. At least one of the cells has a protective layer that provides a level of moisture resistance equal to or higher than any of the layers above the cells. The protective layer is typically above the solar cell and light passes through the multi-ply module encapsulant and the protective layer to reach the solar cell.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for improved environmental protection for photovoltaic devices and assemblies. In one embodiment, the device comprises of an individually encapsulated solar cell, wherein the encapsulated solar cell includes at least one protective layer coupled to at least one surface of the solar cell. The protective layer may be a hybrid organic/inorganic material that has a chemical composition that prevents moisture from entering the solar cell and wherein light passes through the protective layer to reach an absorber layer in the solar cell.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for improved environmental protection for photovoltaic devices and assemblies. In one embodiment, the device comprises of an individually encapsulated solar cell, wherein the encapsulated solar cell includes at least one protective layer coupled to at least one surface of the solar cell and the protective layer may be formed from a substantially inorganic material. The protective layer has a chemical composition that prevents moisture from entering the solar cell and wherein light passes through the protective layer to reach an absorber layer in the solar cell.

Abstract: In some examples a PV module mounting and support assembly includes a base mountable to the deck, a deck-penetrating fastener for securing the base to the deck, and PV module mounting hardware. The PV module mounting hardware is used to secure an edge of a PV module on a PV module-support surface of the base with the edge of the PV module spaced apart from the deck. Flashing may be used between the lower surface and the deck. In some examples an internal PV mounting and support assembly is used to engage an internal lip of the PV module frame.

Abstract: An integrated module fame and racking system for a solar panel is disclosed. The solar panel comprises a plurality of solar modules and a plurality of splices for coupling the plurality of solar modules together. The plurality of splices provide a way to make the connected modules mechanically rigid both during transport to the roof and after mounting for the lifetime of the system, provide wiring connections between modules, provide an electrical grounding path for the modules, provide a way to add modules to the panel, and provide a way to remove or change a defective module. Connector sockets are provided on the sides of the modules to simplify the electrical assembly of modules when the modules are connected together with splices.

Abstract: An integrated module fame and racking system for a solar panel is disclosed. The solar panel comprises a plurality of solar modules and a plurality of splices for coupling the plurality of solar modules together. The plurality of splices provide a way to make the connected modules mechanically rigid both during transport to the roof and after mounting for the lifetime of the system, provide wiring connections between modules, provide an electrical grounding path for the modules, provide a way to add modules to the panel, and provide a way to remove or change a defective module. Connector sockets are provided on the sides of the modules to simplify the electrical assembly of modules when the modules are connected together with splices.

Abstract: A process for building thin film flexible solar cells using a bio-based plastic substrate comprising the steps of; degasing the bio-based substrate at a temperature of 120 degrees Celsius, and forming a barrier layer of silicon oxide through the process of chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The silicon oxide layer seals micro-cracks in the bio-based plastic substrate and provides a stable substrate during the production and operation of the thin film PV device. The resulting substrate is used to build a thin film solar cell employing a conventional low temperature CVD chamber process by depositing the required layers of semiconductor and conductive materials.

Abstract: An exemplary photovoltaic device for conversion of an incident wavelength of electromagnetic radiation to electricity has an absorber of incident wavelength of electromagnetic radiation, a trimetasphere in electron transferring contact with the absorber, an anode in electrical contact with the trimetasphere, and a cathode in electrical contact with the absorber. The absorber and trimetasphere can be arranged as a heterojunction or a blended junction. An exemplary electrical circuit has an absorber of incident electromagnetic radiation, a trimetasphere-containing material in electron transferring contact with the absorber, an anode, a cathode and a current path from the anode to the cathode. An exemplary method of converting incident electromagnetic radiation to an electrical signal using a trimetasphere-containing material is also disclosed.

Abstract: A solar cell is configured to include: a substrate (21); a conductive film (22) formed on the substrate (21); a compound semiconductor layer (23) formed on the conductive film (22), including a p-type semiconductor crystal containing an element of Group Ib, an element of Group IIIb, and an element of Group VIb; a n-type window layer (24) formed on the compound semiconductor layer (23), having apertures (29); and a n-type transparent conductive film formed on the n-type window layer (24) and on portions of the compound semiconductor layer (23) at the apertures of the n-type window layer (24). The compound semiconductor layer (23) includes high-resistance parts (23B), in portions of the compound semiconductor layer (23) in the vicinity of a surface thereof on a side opposite to the conductive film (22), and the high-resistance parts (23B) contain a n-type impurity doped in the p-type semiconductor crystal.

Abstract: A solar cell has an active semiconductor structure and a back electrical contact overlying and contacting an active semiconductor structure back side. A front electrical contact is applied overlying and contacting the active semiconductor structure front side. The front electrical contact has multiple layers including a titanium layer overlying and contacting the active semiconductor structure front side, a diffusion layer overlying and contacting the titanium layer, a barrier layer overlying and contacting the diffusion layer, and a joining layer overlying and contacting the barrier layer. The front electrical contact may be applied by sequentially vacuum depositing the titanium layer, the diffusion layer, the barrier layer, and the joining layer in a vacuum deposition apparatus in a single pumpdown from ambient pressure. A front electrical lead is affixed overlying and contacting an attachment pad region of the front electrical contact.