Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are provided directed at teaching writing, such as printing, cursive, and calligraphy, to users of all ages. Typically, the embodiments are directed toward teaching children the basic skills of writing. However, it may be appreciated that the embodiments may be utilized by users of all ages. In particular, embodiments of the invention can be used to teach the skill of writing and learning letters of the English alphabet to foreigners. Or, embodiments of the invention can be used to teach English speakers various foreign alphabets. For example, embodiments may provide instruction in writing Arabic letters, Greek letters, or Chinese or Japanese characters, to name a few. Additionally, embodiments of the invention may be used to teach artistic forms of writing, such as calligraphy, script, or various fonts.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus includes a display device having a case and a display unit provided on a top of the case so as to be viewable. An input device for inputting necessary operation information is provided such that the input device includes a recess defined on an edge part between a surface of the case and a side surface thereof. An electrostatic sensor is provided at a bottom surface side of the case corresponding to the edge part to detect operation of the input device.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display unit that includes a first area that stretches along an outer periphery of the display unit and a second area in which an image can be displayed. In the first area, a plurality of sensors that senses a finger touch is arranged. A pattern determining unit determines a pattern of the finger touch based on a sequence and a position of the finger touch obtained as result of sensing by the sensors. An orientation determining unit determines orientation of an image to be displayed on the second area based on the pattern of the finger touch. A control unit displays an image on the second area in the determined orientation.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes a first substrate, a second substrate spaced apart from the first substrate and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the substrates. A sensing controlling section is also included in the LCD device. The second substrate includes a sensing array that senses a change in a sensing voltage responsive to a change in a thickness of the liquid crystal layer. The sensing controlling section detects a touch position data by comparing a reference voltage that changes according to a change in temperature with a variation voltage that corresponds to a difference between the sensing voltage and an initial voltage corresponding to an initial thickness of the untouched liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A light sensitive display.

Abstract: Touch screen displays comprising at least one nanostructure-film, and fabrication methods thereof, are discussed. Nanostructure-films may comprise, for example, a network(s) of nanotubes, nanowires, nanoparticles and/or graphene flakes. Such films are preferably at least semi-transparent and relatively flexible, making them well-suited for use in a variety of touch screen applications.

Abstract: A method of generating a signal comprising providing a capacitive touch sensor pad including a matrix of X and Y conductors, developing capacitance profiles in one of an X direction and a Y direction from the matrix of X and Y conductors, determining an occurrence of a single gesture through an examination of the capacitance profiles, the single gesture including an application of at least two objects on the capacitive touch sensor pad, and generating a signal indicating the occurrence of the single gesture.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an apparatus main body and a display unit that is removable from the apparatus main body. A positional relationship between the display unit and the apparatus main body and a direction are detected by a detecting portion. Based on results of the detection and apparatus conditions, content to be displayed on a displaying portion of the display unit is determined.

Abstract: A pixel unit in the present invention is divided into two sub-pixels. Each sub-pixel includes a thin film transistor, a liquid crystal capacitor and a storage capacitor. The two transistors respectively located in different sub-pixels are connected to different scan lines. One of the two transistors is connected to the data line through another transistor. Therefore, two different pixel voltages are formed in a pixel.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of driving a flat panel display device is disclosed, to prevent the appearance of afterimages on the flat panel display, the apparatus comprising an image displaying unit which includes a plurality of pixel cells in regions defined by a plurality of gate and data lines on a display panel; and an means formed on the display panel to be connected with the respective gate lines, wherein the means carries out an inspection or discharges electric charges from the image displaying unit when a system power is turned-off, wherein the electric charges are discharged from the image displaying unit by detecting the turning-off point of system power so as to remove the afterimage from the image displaying unit.

Abstract: An exemplary gamma voltage output circuit (2) for a liquid crystal display includes a plurality of operational amplifiers (221) and a plurality of resistors (Rn1˜Rn2). Each of the operational amplifiers includes a high voltage input port, a low voltage input port, a non-inverting input port, an inverting input port, and an output port. The high voltage input port of each operational amplifier connects to a same electrical source, and the low voltage input port of each operational amplifier is grounded. The non-inverting input port of each operational amplifier receives a same direct-current voltage, and the output port of each operational amplifier outputs a gamma voltage configured for driving the liquid crystal display and is grounded via two respective of the resistors connected in series. A node between the two respective resistors connects to the inverting input port of the operational amplifier.

Abstract: A scan line driving method of a liquid crystal display divides scan times of a first scan line and a second scan line so that enabled times of the first scan line and the second scan line respectively equal a charge time and a discharge time. The first scan line and the second scan line respectively control a first row of pixels and a second row of pixels of the liquid crystal display.

Abstract: A display device including a display unit and a circuit unit for driving the display unit, in which the display unit includes a flexible substrate and can be housed by rolling and drawn out in a predetermined direction, one electrode is a metal electrode, and the other electrode is a stripe-shaped electrode comprising a metal oxide, and a long side of the stripe is disposed perpendicular to a rolling direction of the display device.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of the invention has: a display panel with an active matrix substrate 2 and a second substrate of transparent material deposed opposite that substrate; an illuminating unit that illuminates the display panel; and a photosensing unit that is provided on the active matrix substrate and has an ambient light photosensor that senses external light. The ambient light photosensor is constituted of a thin film transistor. At least the source electrode SL and drain electrode DL of the thin film transistor are covered by a shielding transparent electrode 6, with transparent insulator 3 and 5 interposed. The transparent electrode 6 is electrically connected to the drain electrode DL, and moreover is connected to a power source supplying constant voltage. Thanks to such structure, a display device is provided in which the ambient light photosensor is built into a panel substrate so as not to be affected by external noise and the peripheral circuits.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a reflective display part and a transmissive display part in each of a plurality of matrix-arrayed pixels. The liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel which is configured such that a liquid crystal layer is held between a pair of substrates and gradation display is performed in accordance with a pixel voltage which is applied to the liquid crystal layer of each pixel, a backlight which illuminates the liquid crystal display panel, a sensor unit which detects brightness of ambient light, and a voltage setting unit which sets the pixel voltage relative to each of input gradation levels, on the basis of the brightness that is detected by the sensor unit.

Abstract: A display and its power-saving apparatus and method are provided. The power-saving method is adapted for a display with a backlight module. The power-saving method of the present invention includes the following steps. First, the brightness of the backlight module is adjusted by an adjusting signal. After then, the refresh frequency of the display panel is determined by the display brightness of the backlight module, wherein the refresh frequency of the display panel is proportional to the display brightness level achieved by said backlight module.

Abstract: A display device includes a pixel array unit and a driver unit. A sampling transistor samples a signal potential to hold the signal potential in a holding capacitor. A driver transistor flows a drive current to a light emitting element in accordance with the signal potential held. A power supply scanner in the driver unit changes a power supply line from a first potential to a second potential before the sampling transistor samples the signal potential. A main scanner in the driver unit makes the sampling transistor conductive to apply a reference potential from the signal line to the gate of the driver transistor and to set the source of the driver transistor to a second potential. The power supply scanner changes the power supply line from the second potential to the first potential to hold a voltage corresponding to a threshold voltage off the driver transistor in the holding capacitor.

Abstract: An exemplary gamma voltage output circuit (3) has an internal resistor string (31), which has a plurality of resistors and a plurality of nodes; at least one external resistor string (32, 33, 34), which has a plurality of resistors and a plurality of nodes; a plurality of switching circuit (35), each switching circuit having at least one input end (353, 354, 355) and at least one output end (356). The internal and the at least one external resistor strings connect in series between the power source AVDD and ground, respectively. Each node outputs a gamma voltage. The nodes of internal and the at least one external resistor strings respectively are connected to the output end and the input end, the resistors of the internal resistor string parallel connecting to corresponding resistors of the at least one external resistor string through the corresponding switching circuit.

Abstract: A variable clock control information generator receives graphics engine activity data relating to the operating level of a graphics engine, and memory activity data relating to an activity level of memory. In response, the variable clock control information generator produces graphics engine clock control information and memory clock control information with respect to each other, such that a relative difference between the graphics engine activity data and the memory activity data is within balance threshold data. Accordingly, the variable clock control information generator adapts to the varying levels of graphics engine activity and memory activity and adjusts the frequency of the graphics engine clock signal and the frequency of the memory clock signal to achieve a balanced relative activity level.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a plasma display device and a method of driving the plasma display device. In the method of driving the plasma display device, the plasma display device includes sustain electrodes and scan electrodes formed in parallel with each other, and ITO electrodes are spaced apart from each other by an interval of a gap between the ITO electrodes which is a predetermined value or more. The plasma display panel is separately driven in a reset period, an address period, and a sustain period. In the method, a sustain pulse is alternately applied to the sustain electrodes and the scan electrodes during the sustain period. After the sustain pulse has been applied, a predetermined region in the sustain pulse is floated in order to remove an oscillation discharge occurring after a main discharge is performed. Such an approach can prevent the luminescence characteristics of a phosphor from being deteriorated due to the distortion of the sustain pulse.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a mapping arrangement for defining selected physical characteristics of a surface to be imaged and a method of mapping a surface. The arrangement comprises a template device (6, 7, 8) for temporary application to a surface (2, 3, 4) to be mapped, the template 10 device being configured and constructed such that, when photographed in situ on said surface, it provides a computer supplied with a digital image of the photograph with data from which one or more of the physical characteristics of the surface can be automatically computed, thereby permitting the computer to utilise software, requiring inputs indicative of said characteristics, capable of changing the appearance of the imaged surface in accordance with user selection.

Abstract: The present invention is for a decision support tool for 3D LOS visualization in user interactive 3D virtual reality environments for enabling true 3D LOS analysis for assisting decision making in a wide range of applications including inter alia land development projects, military operational planning, sensor placement in surveillance systems, and the like. The present invention further enables displaying cross sections of 3D virtual reality scenes, and determination of the minimum elevation of an origin node for ensuring a single continuous unobstructed 3D LOS with each target node of at least one stationary target node.

Abstract: A system for real-time three-dimensional (3D) visualization of an electrical system is disclosed. The system includes a data acquisition component, a power analytics server and a client terminal. The data acquisition component acquires real-time data output from the electrical system. The power analytics server is comprised of a virtual system modeling engine, an analytics engine, a machine learning engine and a 3D visualization engine. The virtual system modeling engine generates predicted data output for the electrical system. The analytics engine monitors real-time data output and predicted data output of the electrical system. The machine learning engine stores and processes patterns observed from the real-time data output and the predicted data output to forecast an aspect of the electrical system. The 3D visualization engine renders the virtual system model and the forecasted aspect into a 3D visual model.

Abstract: A method of determining in a three-dimensional operating space a measure of super-imposition M between at least a portion of an object and a spatial representation of the object or part thereof in an object representation pose, a pose comprising position and orientation in operating space includes: a) obtaining a similarity measure S between a first imaging data taken in first respective imaging poses of the object or part thereof and second imaging data comparable to the first imaging data taken in second respective imaging poses that are digitally reconstructed from the spatial representation of the object or part thereof in the object representation pose; b) locating in operating space at least one point on the surface of the object or part thereof; c) obtaining a distance measure D between the at least one point in operating space and a surface of the spatial representation of the object or part thereof in the object representation pose; and d) obtaining a measure of superimposition M by a combination of

Abstract: Apparatus are provided which include exported assets and an exporter. The exported assets define a 3D user interface, and include 3D model assets defining 3D models and animation assets defining animations of the 3D models. The exported assets are exported from a 3D image defining system. The exporter exports the exported assets from the 3D image defining system, to cause the exported assets to be in a format usable in a graphics engine in an embedded device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide devices and techniques for partitioning a spatial index. In one embodiment of the invention, an image processing system may partition a spatial index into a plurality of portions such that different processing elements may be responsible for traversing a ray through different portions of the spatial index. The determination of where to partition the spatial index may be made based on any number of factors. For example, according to some embodiments of the invention, the spatial index may be partitioned to evenly distribute workload (e.g., determined by real-time performance metrics) amongst multiple processing elements. Partitioning of the spatial index to distribute workload may be based on the total number of nodes, the number of leaf nodes or the number of primitives which will be included in each resulting partition.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide techniques and systems for reducing network traffic in relation to ray-tracing a three dimensional scene. According to one embodiment of the invention, as a ray is traversed through a spatial index, a leaf node may be reached. Subsequent rays that traverse through the spatial index may reach the same leaf node. In contrast to sending information defining a ray issued by the workload manager to a vector throughput engine each time a ray reaches a leaf node, the workload manager may determine if a series of rays reach the same leaf node and send information defining the series of rays to the vector throughput engine. Thus, network traffic may be reduced by sending information which defines a series of rays which are traversed to a common (i.e., the same) leaf node in contrast to sending information each time a ray is traversed to a leaf node.

Abstract: The present invention provides a graphics processing unit for rendering objects from a software application executing on a processing unit in which the objects to be rendered are received as control points of bicubic surfaces. According to the method and system disclosed herein, the graphics processing unit includes a transform unit, a lighting unit, a renderer unit, and a tessellate unit for tessellating both rational and non-rational object surfaces in real-time.

Abstract: Computer graphics apparatus, methods, systems and program products (the term “programs” can include a product consisting of computer-readable program instructions encoded on a computer readable medium) operable to generate pixel values for pixels in an image, and store or display a human-perceptible image based on the pixel values, comprise a photon map generator, a sample point generator and a function evaluator, which respectively generate a plurality of photon maps each associated with a respective point in time during a time interval, generate a set of sample points in accordance with a selected low-discrepancy sequence, and evaluate selected functions using photon maps associated with respective points in time associated with the sample points, thereby generating values corresponding to the pixel values. An associated computer system generates, based on the pixel values, a display-controlling electrical output to enable a display element to display an image.

Abstract: A method and implementing computerized system are provided for enhancing a viewing experience by automatically modifying a displayed presentation, such as those used by computer monitors and other related technologies, in response to detected positional attributes of one or more human viewers.

Abstract: A video and graphics system provides square graphics pixels to blend images having 640×480 pixels, such as graphics images provided by some set top boxes and intended to be displayed at a 12.27 MHz display sample rate, with images having 704×480 pixels, such as ITU-R 601 compliant images such as NTSC SDTV images, having oblong pixels and displayed at a 13.5 MHz display sample rate. A sample rate converter including a multi-phase-multi-tap filter is used to generate square pixels. The multi-phase-multi-tap filter provides a good balance of sharpness, smoothness, anti-aliasing and reduced ringing. The multi-phase-multi-tap filter can also be used to convert images having 320×480 pixels to images having 704×480 pixels. The multi-tap filter can be used for scan rate conversion of graphics or video images for HDTV or SDTV applications.

Abstract: A service request is processed according to a computation graph associated with the service by receiving inputs for the computation graph from a service client, providing the inputs to the computation graph as records of a data flow, receiving output from the computation graph, and providing the output to the service client. Data flows are processed concurrently in a graph-based computation by potentially concurrent execution of different types of requests, potentially concurrent execution of similar request types, and/or potentially concurrent execution of work elements within a request.

Abstract: A method for compressing font instruction data. The method includes analyzing a set of pixel-per-em values and fractional pixel shifts contained in font instruction for each glyph in a font data set to construct a database of values. The pixel-per-em values and fractional pixel shifts are converted into operational codes and argument values and these values are compressed into a compressed data stream including a series of multiple-bit words representing font instruction specifications for each glyph in the font data. In addition, fixed environmental variable values are set for each glyph based on the font instruction data. When a glyph is to be rendered using the compressed font instruction, the compressed instruction is decompressed and only relevant multiple-bit word or words corresponding to font instruction specifications for the respective glyph are executed, but not any of the 16-bit words corresponding to font instruction for the fixed environmental values.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for changing over time the appearance of a border around a displayed image. A graphics controller includes a number of border address registers and border changing parameter registers that are written into from a host device. In response to an activation signal from the host device and a timing signal, such as a vertical synchronization signal from a display device, a border changing circuit of the graphics controller changes the appearance of the border over time without further intervention from the host device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for hierarchically decomposing a visual or audio object within an animation into plurality of objects which can be individually edited to achieve particular animation effects. For example, a graphical object may be decomposed into a plurality of graphical sub-objects, each of which inherits an anchor point from the original object, or is given an original anchor point distinct from the original object. Each sub-object also includes a relative position for the sub-object relative to the anchor point. The path of the anchor point is combined with relative positions of the sub-objects to produce an animation for the object as a whole. This decomposition technique can greatly increase computational efficiency of an animation. It also provides for inheritance of attributes between objects and descendent sub-objects. The objects may support functions, or behaviors, such as morphing or motion blurring.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a user's activities, wherein the activities comprising an output via a graphics device having a frame buffer. The method includes retrieving image data from the frame buffer, examining the image data, identifying an offensive attribute within the image data, and reacting to the attribute in a predefined way.

Abstract: A system for verifying the generation of a critical symbology includes a display processor configured to generate graphic commands from one or more system inputs. The display processor is further configured to determine the critical symbology. A graphics processing unit is coupled to the display processor. The graphics processing unit is configured to generate a plurality of pixels forming an image and is further configured to mark at least a portion of the plurality of pixels to produce marked pixels of the critical symbology. A graphics logic device is coupled to the graphics processing unit and includes an integrity monitoring function and a memory coupled to the integrity monitoring function. The integrity monitoring function is configured to detect the marked pixels and generate data regarding the critical symbology. The memory is configured to store the data regarding the critical symbology.

Abstract: The present invention is to contribute to reduction in cost of a system performing image recognition and display control on input image data. A data processor includes a central processing unit, a graphic controller, a display controller, an image recognizing module, a memory controller capable of controlling an access to an external memory, and image data input units for inputting image data from the outside and capable of performing necessary format conversion, and the components are formed on a single semiconductor substrate. The display controller performs display control on the image data read from the external memory via the memory controller. The image data input unit stores the image data input from the outside or the image data subjected to the necessary format conversion into a first area in the external memory via the memory controller.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product are provided for remote rendering of computer graphics. The system includes a graphics application program resident at a remote server. The graphics application is invoked by a user or process located at a client. The invoked graphics application proceeds to issue graphics instructions. The graphics instructions are received by a remote rendering control system. Given that the client and server differ with respect to graphics context and image processing capability, the remote rendering control system modifies the graphics instructions in order to accommodate these differences. The modified graphics instructions are sent to graphics rendering resources, which produce one or more rendered images. Data representing the rendered images is written to one or more frame buffers. The remote rendering control system then reads this image data from the frame buffers. The image data is transmitted to the client for display or processing.

Abstract: Systems and method for providing shared attribute evaluation circuits in a graphics processing unit are provided. One embodiment can be described as a system for evaluating attributes in a graphics processing unit having a plurality of processing stages. The system can include an evaluation block, configured to process a plurality of attributes corresponding to a plurality of pixels and a plurality of FIFO buffers, each configured between one of the plurality of processing stages and the evaluation block. An embodiment can further include a shared buffer, configured to store the plurality of attributes or pointers during the attribute processing and processing priority logic, configured to determine a plurality of priorities corresponding to the plurality of attributes.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for storing and retrieving data using two-dimensional arrays. In one implementation, a checkerboard buffer page system includes: a data source, providing data elements in a first order; a data destination, receiving data elements in a second order; memory devices having memory pages, data elements stored and retrieved in parallel to and from the memory devices; each buffer page having entries along a first dimension corresponding to the first order and along a second dimension corresponding to the second order, data elements stored in the first order and retrieved in the second order, at least one memory page stores data elements in multiple locations according to the first and second orders, at least two data elements consecutive in the first order are stored in parallel to the memory devices, and where at least two data elements consecutive in the second order are retrieved in parallel from the memories.

Abstract: A computer graphics system and method thereof comprise a graphics data computation unit, a memory unit and an arbitrator. The graphics data computation unit is for receiving geometry data and a rendering parameter to generate intermediate data and output pixel data corresponding to the geometry data. The memory unit is for storing the intermediate data and the rendering parameter. The arbitrator is for determining whether the intermediate data stored in the memory unit can replace the currently to-be-computed intermediate data or not.

Abstract: Methods and systems for equalizing visual characteristics of images displayed on display units arranged proximate each other. The method may includes generating first and second video signals for first and second display units, respectively, displaying images on the first and second display units based on the first and second video signals, respectively, deriving first and second display correction information for the first and second display units, respectively, deriving image equalization information for the second display unit based on the first and second display correction information, respectively, adjusting the first video signal based on the first display correction information, adjusting the second video signal based on the image equalization information, and displaying images on the first and second images based on the adjusted first and second video signals.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for accessing image data in reduced transfer cycles. The image data access apparatus has: a plurality of external memories in which a plurality of parallel pixel data that are adjacent to each other in a prescribed block area of the image data are separately stored at assigned addresses; a determination circuit for outputting, based on the coordinate of at least one pixel data out of a plurality of parallel data, a memory selection signal for selecting an access route to an external memory storing the one pixel data, the coordinate obtained by raster scanning; and a memory selector for selecting access routes to the plurality of external memories based on the received memory selection signal, and accessing the plurality of parallel pixel data in the same cycle. This can realize accessing the pixel data in the external memories in reduced transfer cycles.

Abstract: A multimedia playback system, a FIFO memory system, and a method for storing multimedia data are provided. The multimedia playback system or the FIFO system comprises a FIFO memory and a memory controller. The FIFO memory buffers a first and a second multimedia data. The memory controller allocates the FIFO memory according to allocation information. The first and second multimedia data are synchronous during playback. The allocation information depends on a first throughput rate of the first multimedia data and a second throughput rate of the second multimedia data. The method comprises the following steps: providing a FIFO memory for buffering the first and second multimedia data; and allocating the FIFO memory according to allocation information.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods for display processing line buffers incorporating pipeline overlap are disclosed. For example, an apparatus is disclosed including processing logic to use pixel processing algorithms to process a pixel value of a first portion of an image, and line buffers coupled to the processing logic. The line buffers to hold at least some pixel values of other portions of the image adjacent to the first portion. Where the pixel values of the other portions of the image held by the line buffers correspond to pixel values of the adjacent portions of the image that are to be convolved by the pixel processing algorithms with the pixel value of the first portion. Other implementations are also disclosed.

Abstract: A graphics memory device includes a memory array configured to store data for a display device comprising b*y rows by a*x columns of pixels, where b>a. The memory array is arranged in a*y rows by b*x columns of memory locations. Each memory location is adapted to store n-bit image data for one of the pixels of the display device. A memory location remapping circuit is adapted to map image data stored in the b*x columns of memory locations in the memory device to the a*x columns of the display device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for choosing ranges from a scale of values in a user interface without the loss of detail or context while minimizing the real estate used on the user interface. The invention, more particularly, relates to a method and apparatus for selecting, viewing and/or analyzing one or more range selections from an extended domain of values on a displayable shape.

Abstract: Various technologies for visualizing a multi-dimensional view object in a two-dimensional format are described. In accordance with one described embodiment, an interface for visualizing a multi-dimensional view object in two dimensions includes a surface selection tree panel, a view object information panel, and a visualization panel. The surface selection tree panel displays a surface selection tree associated with the multi-dimensional view object. A number of other surface selection trees associated with the multi-dimensional view object also exist and can be displayed if selected. The surface selection trees include one or more surfaces associated with the multi-dimensional view object. The view object information panel complements the surface selection tree panel by displaying information associated with the multi-dimensional view object.

Abstract: A display device according to the present invention includes a wavelet transform unit for transforming an original image into wavelet coefficients using a Harr wavelet transform formula, a level obtaining unit for obtaining a mipmap level of a mipmap image, an inverse wavelet transform unit for receiving and subjecting at least a portion of the wavelet coefficients obtained by the transformation by the wavelet transform unit, to an inverse transform using an inverse Harr wavelet transform formula until an order having a value equal to the mipmap level is obtained, and outputting an image represented by at least a portion of a low-frequency component of wavelet coefficients having the order having the value equal to the mipmap level, and a polygon drawing unit for drawing the image output by the inverse wavelet transform unit, as a mipmap image, on the polygon image.