Abstract: The plasma reactor of the invention is intended for treating the surfaces of objects such as semiconductor wafers and large display panels, or the like, with plasma. The main part of the plasma reactor is an array of RF antenna cells, which are deeply immersed into the interior of the working chamber. Each antenna cell has a ferromagnetic core with a heat conductor and a coil wound onto the core. The core and coil are sealed in the protective cap. Deep immersion of the antenna cells having the structure of the invention provides high efficiency of plasma excitation, while the arrangement of the plasma cells and possibility of their individual adjustment provide high uniformity of plasma distribution and possibility of adjusting plasma parameters, such as plasma density, in a wide range.

Abstract: There is provided a method for leach extraction of copper/iron/sulphur ores and concentrates including leaching the mineral with an aqueous stream containing ferric ions and sulphuric acid in the presence of oxygen, the aqueous stream including a solution formed by reaction of basic ferric sulphate with excess suphuric acid. Integrated methods of forming and releaching basic ferric sulphate are also described.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of nickel and cobalt from nickel and cobalt containing ores, including the steps of first leaching a laterite ore and/or a partially oxidised sulfide ore with an acid solution to produce a pregnant leach solution containing at least dissolved nickel, cobalt and ferric ions, and subsequently leaching a sulfide ore or concentrate with the pregnant leach solution to produce a product liquor. Alternatively, the laterite ore and/or partially oxidised sulfide ore can be leached in a combined leach with the sulfide ore or concentrate. The ferric ion content in the pregnant leach solution or in the combined leach is sufficient to maintain the oxidation and reduction potential in the sulfide leach high enough to assist in leaching nickel from the sulfide ore or concentrate.

Abstract: A method of recovering valuable materials from lithium batteries wherein a lithium/transition metal composite oxide is used as a positive electrode active material. In this disposal method, a sheeted positive electrode having a positive electrode active material disposed on a positive electrode collector is immersed in an oxalic acid solution. By virtue of this oxalic acid treatment (step 240), any lithium element contained in the positive electrode active material can be leached into the oxalic acid solution. Using oxygen gas produced by a reaction between the positive electrode active material and oxalic acid, attachments, such as the positive electrode active material, can be self-detached from the positive electrode collector. The transition metal element contained in the positive electrode active material is converted by the oxalic acid treatment to insoluble transition metal compounds (oxalate, oxide, etc.).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for removing carbon dioxide (CO2) from a gas stream. Particularly, the present invention relates to a method for removing CO2 from a gas stream by a liquid absorbent having an amino alcohol derived from 4-amino-2-butanol. In comparison to conventional amines, the amino alcohols of the present invention have been found to provide a higher CO2 absorption capacity and a higher cyclic capacity for CO2 removal.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to the treatment of NOx in combustion flue gas. In certain embodiments, the invention relates to the use of a regenerative heat exchanger (RHE) to convert urea to ammonia in a side stream of flue gas. Ammonia and/or other urea decomposition products exit the heat exchanger, are mixed with the rest of the flue gas, and enter a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) unit for reduction of NOx in the flue gas. The use of an RHE significantly improves the thermal efficiency of the overall process. More particularly, in certain embodiments, the regenerative heat exchanger is a dual chamber RHE.

Abstract: The present invention provides, a method of reducing fluoride emissions from aluminum smelting including the steps of providing alumina at a preselected feed rate to pots containing an aluminum producing molten electrolyte, wherein the aluminum producing molten electrolyte evolves gaseous fluoride byproducts; transporting the gaseous fluoride byproducts to alumina-based dry scrubbers, wherein the alumina scrubbers absorb at least a portion of the gaseous fluoride byproducts; determining the inlet temperature into the dry scrubber; and adjusting the alumina feed rate to the dry scrubber to optimize the capture efficiency of the gaseous fluoride byproducts, wherein adjusting the aluminum feed rate includes increasing the aluminum feed rate to correspond to a first temperature and decreasing the feed rate to correspond to a second temperature, wherein the first temperature is greater than the second temperature.

Abstract: The removal of particulates and acidic gases from the effluent from a fluid catalytic cracking process regenerator. The effluent is treated in two contacting stages with an effective amount of both a caustic solution as well as ammonia and the composition of the contacting solutions in the two stages is independently controlled.

Abstract: There are disclosed a selective permeation membrane reactor which includes a selective permeation membrane having an excellent permeation performance and a separation performance with suppresses of methanation reaction of CO2 contained in hydrogen-containing gas to efficiently perform CO methanation reaction and manufacture highly pure hydrogen, and a method of manufacturing a hydrogen gas. The selective permeation membrane reactor includes a CO reducing unit for reducing carbon monoxide contained in concentrated hydrogen-containing gas; and the unit having a methanation catalyst layer which performs a methanation reaction to reduce carbon monoxide contained in the concentrated hydrogen-containing gas, and a reaction temperature control section for controlling temperature of the catalyst layer at 250° C. or more and 350° C. or less, thereby selectively treating carbon monoxide. As the methanation catalyst, Ru carried by a carrier made of alumina may be used.

Abstract: Single-crystal silicon carbide is obtained, which finds a wide variety of applications including semiconductors, and an etching method for single-crystal silicon carbide is provided, by which nitrogen trifluoride plasma is used in single-crystal silicon carbide to obtain a smooth surface. In order to obtain single-crystal silicon carbide having the smoothness (surface roughness) within 150 nm and the material, nitrogen trifluoride-containing gas is subjected to plasma excitation to obtain single-crystal silicon carbide with a smooth surface. It is preferable that the pressure of nitrogen trifluoride gas is in the range of 0.5 to 10 Pa. It is also preferable that the flow rate of the nitrogen trifluoride gas is in the range of 5 to 15 sccm.

Abstract: Process for the production of ammonium thiosulfate from gas streams comprising ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. One embodiment of the invention provides absorbing SO2 into a solution of ammonium sulfite and then contacting gaseous feed streams with portions of the resulting solution in a plurality of contact zones where portions of ammonium sulfite in the liquid streams are converted to ammonium thiosulfate upon contact with the gaseous feed streams.

Abstract: A method includes isolating carbon atoms as conditioned carbide anions below a surface of a reactant liquid. The conditioned carbide anions are then enabled to escape from the reactant liquid to a collection area where carbon nanostructures may form. A carbon structure produced in this fashion includes at least one layer made up of hexagonally arranged carbon atoms. Each carbon atom has three covalent bonds to adjoining carbon atoms and one unbound pi electron.

Abstract: A carbon nanomaterial produced by: performing centrifugal melt spinning of core-shell particles that are prepared by using fine particles containing a carbon precursor polymer and a thermally decomposable polymer that disappears as a result of heat treatment, wherein the core-shell particles are heated up to a temperature at which phase separation thereof is not caused, and pressed against a plate-like heater 12 having a large number of pores 12A that penetrate therethrough in a thickness direction of the plate-like heater using centrifugal force; making the fiber obtained by the centrifugal melt spinning infusible; and performing carbonization thereof. According to this method, a carbon nanomaterial such as a carbon nanotube or a carbon nanofiber can be produced with high efficiency.

Abstract: A graphite film excelling in heat conductivity, especially, a graphite film of high heat conductivity that even when its thickness is large, would not suffer damage by heat treatment. There is provided a process for producing a graphite film, including graphitizing a raw material film of a polymer film and/or carbonized polymer film, characterized by including (i) holding the raw film in a vessel capable of direct passage of current through voltage application and (ii) applying voltage to the vessel to thereby induce electrification so that graphitization is carried out. There is further provided a process for producing a graphite film, characterized by including the step of holding the raw material film in vessel (A) being electrifiable, subsequently holding the resultant vessel (A) in vessel (B) being electrifiable and effecting current passage through the whole so that graphitization is carried out.

Abstract: Claus sulfur recovery plants that include one or more single-stage or multi-stage compact tubular Claus catalytic reactor-heat exchanger units are disclosed. In some instances, these new or improved Claus plants additionally include one or more compact heat exchanger containing cooling tubes that are filled with a heat transfer enhancement medium. The new compact tubular Claus catalytic reactor-heat exchanger units and HTEM-containing heat exchangers are also disclosed. A process for recovering sulfur from a hydrogen sulfide-containing gas stream, employing the new tubular Claus catalytic reactor-heat exchanger unit, and in some instances a HTEM-containing heat exchanger, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Novel, monodispersed, spherical ZrO2 particles in the size range of approximately 10 to approximately 600 nm exhibiting metastable tetragonal crystal structure at room temperature and novel methods of preparation. The ZrO2 particles are approximately 100% in the tetragonal phase at room temperature and can be pure and free of foreign oxides. The novel method can include mixing zirconium-alkoxide and an alcohol, forming preparation one, followed by separately dissolving completely de-ionized water and a polymeric steric stabilizer in an alcohol forming preparation two. Next the preparations can be mixed with vigorous stirring while subjecting the materials to hydrolysis and condensation reactions with very slow stirring. Next, there is waiting for the formation of a sol from the mixture, followed by drying at approximately 80 degrees C. to form resultant material followed by crushing the resultant material.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel compositions of zeolites or microporous metallosilicates characterised by a continuous spatial distribution of the metal and silicon in the crystals and characterised by a crystal surface enriched in silicon relative to the internal part of the same crystals. This invention also relates to a synthesis method of producing these metallosilicates with spatial distribution of the constituting elements. These novel zeolitic compositions can be used in various hydrocarbon conversion reactions. The crystalline metallosilicates can be selected from the group consisting of aluminosilicates, gallosilicates, ferrosilicates, titanosilicates and borosilicates.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical, wherein the formulation is a conjugate of a saccharide with one or a plurality of isotopic boron-10 atoms or gadolinium, and having a utility in the binary form of low energy neutron therapy (i.e. boron neutron capture therapy). Further, that the therapy has an indicated use for the selective targeting and killing of oxygenated and hypoxic cells in tumors, and that the pharmaceutical is preferentially taken up by cancer cells. The inclusion of any of a family of saccharides, its derivatives or analogues, including sulfur linkage saccharides as a delivery carrier for boron-10 atoms or the rare element gadolinium is a strategy to take advantage of the hallmark of cancer cells, that being an increased requisite for glucose to sustain a rate of uncontrollable cell division and proliferation. A cancer cell facilitates an increase in availability of molecular glucose by overexpression of glucose transporter proteins on membrane surfaces.

Abstract: Anti-CD22 antibodies and immunoconjugates thereof are provided. Methods of using anti-CD22 antibodies and immunoconjugates thereof are provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to monovalent and multivalent, monospecific antibodies and to multivalent, multispecific antibodies. One embodiment of these antibodies has one or more identical binding sites where each binding site binds with a target antigen or an epitope on a target antigen. Another embodiment of these antibodies has two or more binding sites where these binding sites have affinity towards different epitopes on a target antigen or different target antigens, or have affinity towards a target antigen and a hapten. The present invention further relates to recombinant vectors useful for the expression of these functional antibodies in a host. More specifically, the present invention relates to the tumor-associated antibody designated PAM4. The invention further relates to humanized and human PAM4 antibodies, and the use of such antibodies in diagnosis and therapy.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of imaging vesicular monoamine transporters and to labeled compounds and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of making labeled compounds useful in imaging vesicular monoamine transporters. This invention also relates to compounds, and methods of monitoring progression of a disease related to vesicular monoamine transporters.

Abstract: Human SULF genes are identified as modulators of the beta catenin pathway, and thus are therapeutic targets for disorders associated with defective beta catenin function. Methods for identifying modulators of beta catenin, comprising screening for agents that modulate the activity of SULF are provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a human GSK3B which is associated with cardiovascular diseases, cancer, metabolic diseases, hematological diseases, inflammation, respiratory diseases, neurological diseases and urological diseases. The invention also provides assays for the identification of compounds useful in the treatment or prevention of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, metabolic diseases, hematological diseases, inflammation, respiratory diseases, neurological diseases and urological diseases. The invention also features compounds which bind to and/or activate or inhibit the activity of GSK3B as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides a human PRKG1 which is associated with cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, dermatological diseases, endocrinological diseases, metabolic diseases, inflammation, gastroenterological diseases, cancer, hemato-logical diseases, muscle-skeleton-diseases, neurological diseases and urological diseases. The invention also provides assays for the identification of compounds useful in the treatment or prevention of cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, dermatological diseases, endocrinological diseases, metabolic diseases, inflammation, gastroenterological diseases, cancer, hematological diseases, muscle-skeleton-diseases, neurological diseases and urological diseases. The invention also features compounds which bind to and/or activate or inhibit the activity of PRKG1 as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds.

Abstract: Methods and imaging agents for imaging epithelial cancer cells in the lymphatic system are disclosed herein. In an embodiment, an imaging agent for imaging cancer cells in a lymphatic system comprises a fluorescent dye conjugated to one or more antibodies. The antibodies are capable of specific binding to an epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM). In addition, embodiments of the imaging agent may be administered to the lymphatic system where the disclosed imaging agents may bind to an epithelial cell adhesion molecule. The bound imaging agents may be excited with excitation light to image cancer cells in the lymphatic system.

Abstract: The invention relates to stable oleaginous cosmetic or therapeutic foam compositions containing certain active agents, having unique therapeutic properties and methods of treatment using such compositions. The foamable composition includes at least one solvent selected from a hydrophobic solvent, a silicone oil, an emollient, a co-solvent, and mixtures thereof, wherein the solvent is present at a concentration of about 70% to about 96.5% by weight of the total composition, at least a non-ionic surface-active agent at a concentration of about 0.1% to less than about 10% by weight of the total composition; at least one gelling agent at a concentration of about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of the total composition; a therapeutically effective amount of at least one active agent; and at least one liquefied or compressed gas propellant, at a concentration of about 3% to about 25% by weight of the total composition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a composition for topical application to skin, comprising, in a physiologically acceptable medium (i) at least one peptide comprising at least one amino acid sequence derived from the amino acid sequence of the protein SNAP 25, and (ii) at least one calcium-channel inhibitor. Further disclosed is the use of this combination in a composition suitable for topical application to the skin, as an agent for preventing or treating wrinkles and fine lines, such as expression wrinkles, as well as a cosmetic treatment process comprising applying to the skin the composition.

Abstract: The use of a compound of the formula wherein R1-R3 independently of one another are hydrogen, C1-C8-alkyl or C1-C8-alkoxy, R4 is COR, CO2R, CONR2, where R is C1-C8-alkyl or C3-C8-cycloalkyl R5 is H or C1-C8-alkyl, R6 is aryl, aryl substituted by up to three C1-C8-alkyl- or C1-C8-alkoxy, or C3-C8-cycloalkyl as UV filters in cosmetic formulations, in particular in combination with UV filters from the group consisting of methoxycinnamate derivatives and/or dibenzoylmethane derivatives, with the proviso that R5 is H if R4 is COR, is described.

Abstract: The invention includes a skin care composition comprising an acrylate polymer; a yield value-increasing polymer; and a non-silicone hydrophobic material. The composition has a yield value of at least about 4. Also included within the scope of the invention are related methods, such as methods of depositing a hydrophobic material on an epidermal surface and methods of incorporating a hydrophobic material into a skin care composition.

Abstract: A product for topical application comprising a chemical composition comprising in combination a linker agent and a compound comprising at least one UV-absorbing chromophore, wherein the linker agent is characterized by the general formula: wherein: X1 and X2 are the same or different, and at least one of X1 or X2 is a functional group that bonds with the compound comprising at least one UV-absorbing chromophore, and b+f?2; Y comprises an O, N, or S that is substituted or unsubstituted; each a, b, c, e and f is ?0 and a+b+c+e+f?2; d is 0 or 1; n1 and n2 represent the number of hydrogen atoms required to complete the undesignated valencies; and m ranges from 1 to about 100 and each individual m unit may be the same or different, and a topically acceptable agent that is different from the linker agent and the compound comprising at least one UV-absorbing chromophore.

Abstract: Photostable cosmetic compositions comprising sunscreens, more particularly to cosmetic compositions comprising dibenzoylmethane sunscreens are provided. It is known that dibenzoylmethane and its derivatives are relatively sensitive to ultraviolet radiation and they decompose rapidly under the effect of sunlight. This decomposition is accelerated in the presence of UV-B sunscreens, especially p-methoxycinnamic acid and its derivatives. The present inventors have surprisingly found that cosmetic compositions comprising dibenzoylmethane or its derivative and p-methoxycinnamic acid or its derivative, can be stabilized by incorporating a combination of fatty alcohol ethoxylates and polyalkyleneglycol.

Abstract: It has been reported that many organic sunscreens lose their efficacy on exposure to UV rays. Further some of the organic sunscreens are known to interact with each other when applied on the skin with or without exposure to UV radiation. Thus such compositions are not stable. They are not very effective in blocking the UV-rays a few minutes or hours after the product has been applied to the skin. Further when such compositions are used and then exposed to sunlight or UV rays, the period over which the skin is actually protected is very short, while the consumer is under the mistaken impression that the composition is protecting his/her skin. This false impression can lead to the consumer exposing himself/herself more to sunlight thereby getting more damage to the skin. A solution to the foregoing problem is provided by a stable sunscreen composition comprising: (a) a complex of a first organic sunscreen % with a first paramagnetic metal ion; and (b) a second organic sunscreen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of applying makeup to keratinous substances, in particular the skin, the lips, the nails, or hair, the method comprising the following steps: depositing at least one cosmetic composition on the surface to be made up, the cosmetic composition comprising: bodies that present non-zero magnetic susceptibility and that are movable under the effect of a magnetic field; and at least one diffractive pigment; and exposing at least part of the composition to a magnetic field, so as to modify the orientation and/or displace at least some of the magnetic bodies.

Abstract: Cosmetic composition with paramagnetic material is described. In embodiment(s), a cosmetic composition can include a paramagnetic material in a cosmetic medium where the combination forms a cosmetic application, a lipstick, a lotion, a blush, or other similar application. The paramagnetic material can be included in a quantity sufficient to effectuate a transformation of electromagnetic radiation, such as radiation that is internal to a wearer of the cosmetic composition or radiation that is external to a wearer of the cosmetic composition. To counteract harmful effects of the electromagnetic radiation, the paramagnetic material can transform the electromagnetic radiation, such as to effectuate a frequency transformation and/or to alter an intensity of the electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: A deodorant composition comprising: a) a fragrance system comprising a fragrance material, and a combination of linalool and dihydromyrcenol, wherein the combination of linalool and dihydromyrcenol is included in the composition in an amount from about 0.2% to about 1% by weight of the composition, and wherein the ratio of linalool to dihydromyrcenol is from about 4:1 to about 1:4; and b) from about 10% to about 90%, by weight of the composition, of an emollient system comprising at least one emollient having a solubility parameter of greater than about 9 and a vapor pressure below about 2 mmHg at 25° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a body care composition, in particular a cosmetic body care composition, more particularly a body cleaning material, comprising solid particles, which are moderately soluble in water. A most preferred embodiment of the present invention is a peeling shampoo.

Abstract: A cosmetic composition containing a silicone resin polymer comprised of M units in combination with Q or T units or both, wherein the number of M units is greater than the number of Q units or T units or combination thereof, and a method for improving the finish of a cosmetic composition.

Abstract: A subject of the invention is a composition for coating keratin fibres comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable medium, a block polymer and fibres. A subject of the invention is also the use of such a composition for obtaining a makeup for the keratin fibres, in particular the eyelashes, which is lengthening and/or charging and/or homogeneous and/or smooth and/or has good staying power.

Abstract: Provided is an aqueous hair cosmetic composition containing the following components (A) to (C) and water: (A): a cationic surfactant (B): a volatile silicone, volatile hydrocarbon, or mixtures thereof (C): an alkyl-modified silicone, at a (B)/(C) weight ratio of from 0.1 to 10.

Abstract: An exfoliation composition comprising a protease activator such as a chestnut extract, at least one exfoliator and a cosmetically acceptable vehicle, and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: Methods for the prevention and treatment of skin damage arising from the exposure to UV radiation, air pollution and other stressors capable of leading to the formation of free radicals, using the small-dithiol protein glutaredoxin in a dermatologically acceptable carrier that can be applied topically are disclosed. Some embodiments may include other proteins such as superoxide dismutase and/or catalase, as well as other antioxidant molecules such as reduced glutathione, vitamin E, vitamin C, lycopene, astaxanthin and/or tocotrienols.

Abstract: A composition in the form of an oil-in-water dispersion containing: at least 60% by weight of water, relative to the total weight of the composition; at least one glyceryl acrylate polymer; at least one homopolymer of a monomer having a sulphonic group; at least one volatile oil in an amount of less than or equal to 20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition; and 0 to 0.5% of at least one non-volatile oil.

Abstract: A cosmetic composition useful for the depigmentation of skin containing an extract of Emblica officinalis, at least one hydroxy acid, and at least one N-substituted aminosulfonic acid having the structural formula (I):

Abstract: Aqueous ophthalmic solutions containing a combination of hyaluronic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, e.g. sodium hyaluronate, and polyvinyl alcohol are disclosed. These solutions have a synergistic effect on viscosity and provide a statistically significant improvement over the prior art formulations. The solutions are used as artificial tear for the treatment of dry eye syndrome and ocular discomfort and may be administered whenever the use of artificial tears is advisable. The solutions are also suitable for use as vehicle for ophthalmic drugs.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compounds, compositions and methods for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and methods for using these compounds in the treatment of HCV infection.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of selectively delivering a medicant to an abnormal brain region and/or to a malignant tumor in a mammalian subject, including a human. A medicant is administered simultaneously or substantially simultaneously with a potassium channel activator (other than bradykinin or a bradykinin analog), such as NS-1619, EBIO, a guanylyl cyclase activating protein, an activator of soluble guanylyl cyclase (e.g., nitric oxide or a nitric oxide donor) or an activator of cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase, whereby the medicant is delivered selectively to the cells of the abnormal brain region and/or to the tumor, compared to normal tissues. Thus, among the disclosures is a method of treating a malignant tumor in a human subject.

Abstract: Liquid interferon compositions having a pH between 4.0 and 7.2 are described. The compositions comprise interferon-beta and a stabilizing agent at between about 0.3% and 5% by weight which is an amino acid selected from the group consisting of acidic amino acids, arginine and glycine. If needed, salt is added to provide sufficient ionic strength. The liquid composition has not been previously lyophilized or previously cavitated. The liquid is preferably contained within a vessel having at least one surface in contact with the liquid that is coated with a material inert to adsorption of interferon-beta. A kit for parenteral administration of a liquid interferon formulation and a method for stabilizing liquid interferon compositions are also described.

Abstract: Liquid interferon compositions having a pH between 4.0 and 7.2 are described. The compositions comprise interferon-beta and a stabilizing agent at between about 0.3% and 5% by weight which is an amino acid selected from the group consisting of acidic amino acids, arginine and glycine. If needed, salt is added to provide sufficient ionic strength. The liquid composition has not been previously lyophilized or previously cavitated. The liquid is preferably contained within a vessel having at least one surface in contact with the liquid that is coated with a material inert to adsorption of interferon-beta. A kit for parenteral administration of a liquid interferon formulation and a method for stabilizing liquid interferon compositions are also described.

Abstract: A synergistic adjuvant is provided comprising synergistically effective amounts of at least one type 1 interferon and at least one CD40 agonist, wherein these moieties may be in the same or separate compositions. In addition, fusion proteins and DNA conjugates which contain a type 1 interferon/CD40 agonist/antigen combination are provided. The use of these compositions, protein and DNA conjugates as immune adjuvants for treatment of various chronic diseases such as HIV infection and for enhancing the efficacy of vaccines (prophylacetic and therapeutic) is also provided.

Abstract: The invention provides for compositions, e.g., pharmaceutical compositions, comprising a T lymphocyte, or a population thereof, expressing at least one recombinant polynucleotide encoding a cytokine that enhances T lymphocyte survival during the contraction phase of an immune response. The invention further provides an isolated T lymphocyte, or population thereof, expressing at least one recombinant polynucleotide encoding the cytokine, wherein the polynucleotide comprises a non-native coding sequence encoding the cytokine. Also provided is the use of such compositions and T lymphocytes, or populations thereof, for the treatment or prevention of a medical condition e.g., cancer. A method of preparing the a T lymphocyte with enhanced T cell survival is further provided herein.