Abstract: A protection mechanism capable of providing both local and end-to-end connection protection for dual homed access/aggregation devices or customer-edge devices in a network. The protection mechanism provides end-to-end and fast local protection for off the shelf access devices that do not have any built in per-connection protection capabilities. The access device is connected via two separate physical uplinks to two edge switches of the network. For each connection to be protected, a main path is provisioned from one edge switch and an alternative path is provisioned from the other edge switch. The edge switches are adapted to comprise means for switching traffic from the main path to the alternative path in the event a failure along the main path is detected. Failures both in the stack portion, the core portion and in the access device uplinks are protected against.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to a method, apparatus, and article of manufacture for providing high-speed digital communications through a communications channel. In one aspect, the present invention employs a variable rate back channel, incorporated within an existing communication that does not increase or adversely impact the transmission rate of data on the communication channel.

Abstract: Connections between communication nodes are established along a ring, with nodes at successive positions along the ring and two-way point to point communication connections between pairs of the nodes at successive positions along the ring. Data addressed to a node is split into parts that are transmitted to the node along opposite directions along the ring. Intermediate nodes forward the data. The nodes monitor the connections and other nodes to detect whether there is a failure of transmission along any direction and, if there is a failure along one of the directions, suppressing transmitting all of the data in a failing one of the directions.

Abstract: Local rerouting around a failed component link of a link bundle is provided by immediately substituting one or more other component links of the same link bundle. The substitution of component links is performed at the point of failure without signaling to other nodes. This minimizes signaling traffic particularly when large numbers of LSPs are impacted by a single component link failure. Also, since LSP repair can be accomplished very quickly, traffic disruption is minimized.

Abstract: The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for data stream distribution with conflict resolution, whereby data streams are transmitted bi-directionally, such that first data stream connection units (104a-104n) and second data stream connection units (105a-105m) serve as both input and output connections. A distribution unit (100), essentially comprises a matrix switching unit (101), first intermediate buffer units (106a-106n) and second intermediate buffer units (107a-107m). Information is firstly evaluated in the cell head, which, together with information on the availability of intermediate buffer units, determine when a present data stream cell may be transmitted to a relevant output connection unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system that can provide contents of reliable quality. The hold state is held until a holding time elapses. If a network congestion is detected within the holding time, the state is changed to a down state. When the holding time elapses, the state is changed to an up state. If it is found that there is no network congestion in the down state, the state is changed to the hold state. If it is found in the up state that the transmission rate reaches the maximum bit rate, the state is changed to the hold state. If any network congestion is detected in the up state, the state is changed to the down state.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of call setup using packet call fixed routing in SGSN of mobile communication network which makes it possible to set up a packet call fixed route appropriate for the packet call satisfying Section 23.060 of the 3GPP standard. The present invention checks validity of resource information inputted from an operator if packet call fixed routing is requested by the operator and designates the resource as the resource for packet call fixed routing by transmitting resource information inputted from the operator to a processor that processes the call and a processor that administrates if the relevant resource is valid. The present invention makes it possible to set up a fixed route appropriate for the packet call satisfying Section 23.060 of the 3GPP standard by performing call setup using the resource designated for packet call fixed routing if packet call setup is requested by the operator.

Abstract: Low-cost intelligent control and communication devices are arranged to communicate with one another over one or more shared physical media, such as a powerline or a radio frequency band. No network controller is needed, because any device can act as a master, slave, or repeater. Adding more devices makes the system more robust, by virtue of a simple protocol for communication retransmissions and retries.

Abstract: The present invention provides techniques for the retransmission of packets of data. One device comprises a transmission unit adapted to retransmit all previously transmitted packets transmitted during a predetermined time interval, instead of just a single packet, when a received signal indicates that at least one previously transmitted packet contains corrupted data.

Abstract: A traffic management processor that selectively throttles individual traffic flows or particular traffic types specified in a throttle control instruction, which may also cause the traffic management processor to throttle all network traffic.

Abstract: A method for processing high priority packets and low priority packets in a network device includes performing arbitration on high priority packets until no high priority packets remain. Arbitration then is enabled on low priority packets. A packet size associated with the selected low priority packet is compared with a programmable threshold. Low priority packets are excluded from subsequent arbitration for a programmable duration when the packet size exceeds the programmable threshold.

Abstract: A first control circuit section (master station) and a second control circuit section (substation) communicate with each other via series-parallel converters. The master station includes regular transmission device and transmission-permitting signal generation device; and the sub station includes regular report device, confirmation reply device relative to a transmission data from the master station, and an unprocessed data table. The unprocessed data table prevents jam-up in upstream communication from the sub station to the master station, enabling to carry out timely regular transmission and regular reporting. Transmission from the sub station to the master station is performed based on a transmission-permitting control signal that the master station generates. Consequently, it is possible to execute communication error processing and diminish communication control burden on the master station while properly performing the regular transmission and regular report between the master station and sub station.

Abstract: Circuitry and method for receiving and decoding a data stream without a preamble transmitted from the transmitting device. The invention includes circuitry in the receiver or interrogation unit for generating a simulated preamble signal that is provided to the input of an averaging circuit and a comparator. The averaging circuitry then averages the simulated preamble signal and the actual received data signal to avoid loss of messages and information data at the front end of the received signal from a transponder.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for setting a transfer mode in a line interface device for supporting at least two modes.

Abstract: In order to reduce distortion in playout of audio received in a packet over a packet network, the playout unit needs to determine the relative delay of adjacent packets, jitter, present in the network. The jitter is used to determine buffering for smoothing playout of audio in a packet network. The jitter in packets received from a packet network is calculated based upon the arrival time of a packet, the length of the packet and the arrival time of a subsequent packet. The receiving gateway notes the arrival time of a packet. The length of the audio payload is determined from the size of the payload and the codec used to encode the payload. The length of the payload is added to the arrival time to determine the anticipated arrival of the next subsequent packet. The actual arrival time is noted and the difference between anticipated arrival and actual arrival is used to determine jitter.

Abstract: A transmission system is provided which includes a transmitter working to transmit data on a frame basis and a receiver. If two frames having the same data are inputted in sequence to the receiver, the receiver decides that it is unnecessary to decode a following one of the frames and stops receiving or decoding it. This results in decreases in operation load and power consumption of the receiver.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for packet switched streaming of media, such as video and/or audio, from a streaming server (111) to a mobile client device (101) over an air-interface. The method comprises noticing a change in a downlink air-interface bandwidth, sending from the mobile client device (101) to the streaming server (111) a request for adapting streaming server transmission bit rate, receiving the request at the streaming server (111) and adapting the streaming server transmission bit rate in accordance with the request. According to the method, the request indicates to the streaming server (111) a current downlink air-interface bandwidth and that said adapting of the streaming server transmission bit rate is performed in accordance with said current downlink air-interface bandwidth.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for communicating functional characteristics of nodes in a communications network to the network manager in the network is presented. This is accomplished by defining a bit field that indicates whether or not a particular functions or services are supported by a particular node. The bit field for each node within the communications network is communicated to the network manager which stores the bit fields for each node within a database. The database is then utilized to perform network management functions, as it informs the network manager whether a particular service/feature is available on the node to which the bit field corresponds.

Abstract: A lookup table for searching for a longest prefix match for a key is disclosed. The lookup table provides a match for a key in a single search cycle. The number of matches stored in the lookup table is maximized by storing each match in only one location in the lookup table. The binary tree is divided into a plurality of levels and each level has a plurality of subtrees. A subtree descriptor stored for a subtree includes a field for each node in the subtree. The state of the field indicates whether an entry for the node is stored in the table. The bit vector allows indexing of the single match stored for the key.

Abstract: The hybrid data bus includes client nodes and an IEEE-1394b-based network operably associated with those client nodes. At least one of the client nodes is a legacy-based client node that utilizes a non-deterministic network bus type for network interfacing. An IEEE-1394b-based network is operably associated with the client nodes via at least one network interface bridge (NIB). The IEEE-1394b-based network provides a deterministic data passing capability between the legacy-based client node and at least one other of the client nodes.

Abstract: A wireless communication network has radio resources for use to support calls over circuit switched (CS) and packet switched (PS) channels. The network uses such radio resources to first support CS calls and thereafter uses the leftover radio resources to support PS calls. The present invention provides method and apparatus that effectively schedule and support incoming CS calls based on frame-offset selection so as to maximize the leftover radio resources that could be used to support PS calls.

Abstract: A receiver for receiving an incoming signal over a communication medium includes an echo canceller, which is adapted to receive an outgoing signal transmitted over the communication medium, and to process the outgoing signal using a set of variable processing coefficients in order to generate an echo cancellation signal. A summer combines the incoming signal with the echo cancellation signal so as to generate an echo-cancelled signal. An equalizer applies an equalization operation to the echo-cancelled signal so as to generate an equalized signal. A residual echo cancellation circuit processes the equalized signal so as to adaptively update the variable processing coefficients of the echo canceller.

Abstract: A system and method for estimating a channel spectrum. The method includes: (a) receiving an input signal from a channel, where the input signal includes one or more major echoes and zero or more minor echoes introduced by the channel; (b) identifying the one or more major echoes present in the input signal; (c) identifying the minor echoes from a filtered autocorrelation function of the input signal in response to a determination that there is only one major echo; (d) identifying the minor echoes from a filtered power spectrum of the input signal in response to a determination that there is more than one major echo; (e) computing a channel spectrum estimate from the major echoes and minor echoes; where the channel spectrum estimate is usable to remove at least a portion of the one or more major echoes and one or more minor echoes from the input signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for canceling an echo signal is disclosed. The apparatus includes an echo filter, an up-sampler, an interpolation filter, and a signal combining apparatus. The echo filter filters the transmitted signal, the up-sampler up-samples the output of the echo filter, the interpolation filter filters the up-sampled output to generate a signal that emulates the echo signal, and the signal combining apparatus combines the signal emulating the echo signal with the received signal to remove echo signal. The method estimates an impulse response of the echo channel for estimation of filter coefficients of an echo filter. The transmit signal is then filtered in the echo filter to generate an output, which is up-sampled to generate another output. The up-sampled output is filtered by the interpolation filter to generate a signal that emulates the echo signal, which is then combined with the received signal to cancel the echo signal.

Abstract: A method of operating a wireless network with a base station and a plurality of outstations comprising i. transmitting a broadcast signal from the base station; ii. monitoring operational status of outstations in the wireless network from an outstation, iii. collecting data representative of outstation status, iv. in response to reception of the broadcast signal, transmitting an acknowledgement signal from the outstation; wherein an outstation relaying an acknowledgement signal appends to the acknowledgement signal data representative of the collected data, and wherein the base station, upon receipt of an acknowledgement signal, retrieves the collected data and varies the rate at which signals are broadcast from the base station in accordance with the collected data.

Abstract: Method of and system for transmitting signals, e.g. control signals, request signals, interrogation signals etc. to a node in the form of a controllable unit associated with a device, e.f. a controllable device, measuring means, etc. and wherein said controllable unit may be linked to at least one further node by means of a communication bus, at least one of said nodes comprising radio frequency receiving means, said method comprising the steps of a) transmitting a signal from a controller, b) reception of said signal by at least said node comprising radio frequency receiving means, c) detection of at least part of said signal indicating a destination node, and d) retransmittal of said signal or part of said signal by said nore comprising radio frequency receiving means to said destination node via said communication bus.

Abstract: A capability may include a pair of functions, one of which is integrated into a platform and the other of which is only available through an add-in card. A mating manager may determine whether both functions are available and if so, coordinate the operations of those functions. As a result, platforms may be released with the capability to be augmented thereafter by those users who choose to provide the add-in cards needed to implement the capability. A wireless network capability may be partially integrated into platforms, with additional components needed to actually implement the wireless capability provided through add-in cards. The add-in card may perform wake packet filtering to avoid excessively awakening the platform.

Abstract: Techniques for improved margin control in a data communication system are disclosed. In one aspect, margin is adjusted in response to a first subpacket error rate. In another aspect, margin is further adjusted in response to an overall packet error rate. In yet another aspect, the first subpacket error rate is adjusted in response to an overall packet error rate. Various other aspects are also presented. These aspects have the benefit of responsive margin control when the overall packet error rate is relatively low, resulting in improved data throughput and increased system capacity.

Abstract: In one illustrative example, a plurality of page message requests for a plurality of mobile devices which operate in a wireless communication network are received. One or more paging slots assigned to the mobile devices are identified for transmitting a plurality of page messages in response to these requests. However, the wireless network refrains from causing a page message for the mobile device associated with a tolerable delay indication to be transmitted within the one or more paging slots when a paging capacity limit of the one or more paging slots is reached. This allows higher priority page messages to be transmitted within the one or more paging slots. The wireless network subsequently causes a page message for the mobile device having the tolerable delay indication to be transmitted within one or more subsequent paging slots within a tolerable delay period corresponding to the tolerable delay indication.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting/receiving a PDCCH (Packet Data Control Channel) for efficient packet data transmission in a communication system supporting packet data service. To allow both TDM-transmission and TDM/CDM-transmission of packet data, the PDCCH has a different format depending on the transmission scheme of the packet data. A receiver operates in BSD (Blind Slot Detection) to detect the transmission scheme of received packet data and the format of the PDCCH.

Abstract: A communication band is divided into: a beacon period in which every master station transmits a beacon packet in competition with one another; a guaranteed-band period (e.g., a TDMA period or an FDMA period) in which only a specific permitted station is allowed access; and a CSMA period in which every station is allowed access in competition with one another. Plural master stations exchange information of a communication band used in the guaranteed-band period with each other, and based on the respective information, a communication band available to the master station's own communications system in the guaranteed-band period is calculated.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and system for assuring H.323 alias address portability to an H.323 user in real-time H.323 multimedia communications where the H.323 user is registered with a home gatekeeper for the home zone of the H.323 user. Alias address portability may be obtained using a central database that is known to the administrative zones and is used for alias address mapping, or alternatively, may be obtained by using a distributed database. The method may be implemented by: sending, by the H.323 user, a message with a called H.323 entity's alias address, to the home gatekeeper to originate a call to the called H.323 entity; confirming that the alias address, services, and service providers are portable; converting the alias address to a called routable alias address for the called H.323 entity and sending the alias address to the H.323 user; and placing the call to the called H.323 entity.

Abstract: A reconfigurable radio access network architecture may connect a base station with different base station controllers. By enabling direct connections between the base station and a plurality of base station controllers, a serving base station controller may directly connected to base stations in soft handoff with a wireless unit, thereby reducing the differential delays between signals received by the base stations. The reconfigurable access system reduces the need for having additional base station controllers beyond the serving base station controller involved in communications with a wireless unit.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for accessing a private wireless Internet packet data communication system. A private packet data service apparatus includes a plurality of private BTSs positioned in an private packet data service zone and an private BSC for providing a wireless packet data service using a CDMA method. The private BTSs wirelessly communicate with terminals contained in a corresponding service zone. In the case where dialing numbers of calls requested by the private BTSs are not private packet service request signals, the private BSC transmits the calls to a public network BSC. In the case where dialing numbers of calls requested by the private BTSs are private packet service request signals, the private BSC provides the calls with a packet data service for which a non-authentication, a non-accounting, and an IP service are available. The private BSC includes a PDCC (Packet Data Call Controller), a PDTC (Packet Data Traffic Controller), and a PDMA (Packet Data Maintenance & Administration part).

Abstract: A portable wireless network gateway aggregates bandwidth demand of different devices operating under different communications protocols. Network connectivity is provided by encapsulating data from the different devices to make the data appear to be data native to a single network. For example, the single network is a cellular wireless network. The different communications protocols include but are not limited to IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.3, USB, cellular wireless protocols, Bluetooth, RS-232, and IEEE 11.1R.

Abstract: A system and method for wireless local area network throughput enhancement includes an access point and an endpoint station in a wireless computer network transmitting data packets over radio frequency signals, and reordering the data packets into a megapacket in the access point using concatenation of the data packets. The method provides a significant throughput enhancement on wireless networks including IEEE 802.11 networks.

Abstract: A method of non-real time software download in an IP-based mobile communication system with heterogeneous access technologies is based on the session initiation protocol (SIP). For download recovery in case of handover between a first and a second access networks using different access technologies while a software download session is ongoing, the SIP user agent associated with a handovering terminal, upon detecting the handover, sends, without releasing the ongoing session, a transfer request message to a SIP proxy server that has set up and is currently managing the download session, and that server can start operations necessary in order a new session is set up with the user agent in the new location, under the control of a proxy server entrusted with managing the new session, and download is resumed from said last received packet.

Abstract: A radio modem method of processing commands from a host device during a data communication session between the host device and a server connected to the network includes the steps of maintaining a Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) connection between the host device and the radio modem device; communicating, over a wireless link with a cellular telecommunications network, data packets of an IP connection maintained between the host device and the server; and while the PPP and the IP connections are being maintained: removing a PPP wrapper of the data packets to reveal a destination IP address; identifying whether the destination IP address matches an IP address of a radio modem server of the radio modem device; in response to identifying a match between the IP addresses, causing the data packets to be routed to the radio modem server and processing and responding to the host device in accordance with a command in the data packets at the radio modem server; and in response to identifying a mismatch between the IP a

Abstract: A system and method for communicating data assigns priorities to different types of traffic based on one or more system conditions. The method includes classifying different kinds of traffic, allocating a priority to each kind of classified traffic, and when data received including different kinds of traffic multiplexing the traffic and the received data and transmitting the data according to the allocated priority. The traffic may be classified into signaling traffic, data traffic, and voice traffic. The data traffic may further be classified as follows: an RLP control frame, an RLP new frame, as well as other RLP frames. The voice traffic may be classified as full-rate voice traffic, half-rate voice traffic, quarter-rate voice traffic, and eighth-rate voice traffic. The method may be further controlled based on the type of multiplexing to be performed. Through this system and method, it is possible to provide good quality SVD (service simultaneous voice and data) by avoiding interruptions in transmissions.

Abstract: Several embodiments are described that increase processing gain. Under one embodiment, a wireless receiver quickly and accurately determines a particular frequency hopping table employed by a transmitter. Under another embodiment, the wireless receiver accumulates packets, such as packets containing utility meter data, and employs a mathematical process on the packets to generate an improved, decodable packet. Other embodiments are described in detail.

Abstract: A mobile station is located and paged for a circuit-switched connection in a GSM system which supports data packet switching (GPRS) services. A table held by the SGSN is provided for locating a mobile station where the mobile has moved from the Routing Area in which it was last located to a cell within the same Location Area which does not support GPRS services. The GSM system comprises a plurality of base station controllers (BSS) serving cells in a Location Area (LA), a circuit-switch control (MSC/VLR) for establishing circuit-switched connections to mobile stations within the Location Area, and a packet control (SGSN) for establishing data packet-switching with mobile stations within one or more Routing Areas (RA) within the Location Area.

Abstract: A method of effecting handoff of a mobile station from a first base station in a first cellular communications system controlled by a first mobile switching control station to a second base station in a second, different cellular system controlled by a second mobile switching control station is described. The method comprises measuring at the mobile station a parameter of a signal transmitted by said first base station and a parameter of a signal transmitted by said second base station. When the parameters reach a predetermined condition, a signal quality message is communicated from the mobile station via the first base station to said first mobile switching control station, which responds by generating information for a channel request message for the second mobile switching control station and transmitting the same to the mobile station.

Abstract: A signaling processing method for allocating a UATI (Unicast Access Terminal Identifier) to a given AT (Access Terminal) in a mobile communication system including ANs (Access Networks) each having an BS (Access Network Controller), for communicating by radio with ATs, and at least one DLR (Data Location Register) connected to BSs, for storing a plurality of UATIs, which can be allocated to the ATs, and managing the remaining UATIs that are not allocated. Upon receipt of a UATI Request message from the AT, the BS transmits a UATI Allocate Request message to the DLR. Upon receipt of the UATI Allocate Request message, the DLR allocates one of the remaining UATIs to the AT and transmits a UATI Allocate Response message including the allocated UATI to the BS. Upon receipt of the UATI Allocate Response message, the BS transmits a UATI Allocate message including the allocated UATI to the AT.

Abstract: In a cellular system, each mobile station concurrently linked to plural link base stations in soft handover state and receiving packet from the packet-transmitting base station controls a transmission power of an up-link dedicated physical channel based on a first transmission power control information included in down-link dedicated physical channels of the link base stations. In other state, the mobile station controls the transmission power based on a second transmission power control information included in a down-link dedicated physical channel of the packet-transmitting base station. This accelerates the power increase up to a target power level causing that the measured signal-to-interference-ratio at the packet-transmitting base station reaches a target signal-to-interference-ratio, thereby improving receiving quality of control signal from the mobile station at the packet-transmitting base station.

Abstract: A method and system of retransmitting uplink packet data from a user equipment (UE) in a handover region to Node Bs. The UE transmits packet data to the Node Bs on an enhanced uplink dedicated transport channel (EUDCH). The Node Bs transmit to the UE first response fields indicating whether the Node Bs have received good packet data or bad packet data, and second response fields that the Node Bs received from an RNC indicating whether a radio network controller (RNC) has received good packet data or bad packet data. The UE then detects the first and second response fields and retransmits the uplink packet data according to the values of the response fields in the UE.

Abstract: Propagation of a mobile platform's public IP address though Internet service providers is monitored as the mobile platform is handed-off from a first ground station to a second ground station. The mobile platform's public IP address is removed from the first ground station. The first ground station is checked to determine whether the mobile platform's public IP address is no longer present there. After a predetermined period, the second ground station is checked to determine whether the mobile platform's public IP address is no longer present at the first ground station. The mobile platform's public IP address is added to the second ground station. The second ground station is checked to determine whether the mobile platform's public IP address is now present there. After a predetermined period, the first ground station is checked to determine whether the mobile platform's public IP address is now present at the second ground station.

Abstract: A method of transmitting/receiving a packet using a hybrid automatic repeat request in the mobile communication system is disclosed. The packet data transmitting method includes transmitting at least one sub packet divided from plurality of encoded packets generated by repeating a bit stream that is made by encoding information desired to be transmitted with ? rate turbo encoder, and transmission start point information of the sub packet through the sub packet identifier field on the accompanying control channel.

Abstract: A multicarrier direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (MC-DS/CDMA) communications system is provided. A code tree of two-dimensional orthogonal variable spreading factor (2D-OVSF) codes is then generated for the system. To generate the code tree, a set of existing M1×N1 2D-OVSF matrices, in the form of A(i)(M1×N1) for i={1, 2, . . . , K1} is selected as seed matrices. M1 represents the number of available frequency carriers in the MC-DS/CDMA system, and N1 represents a spreading factor code length. Another set of existing M2×N2 2D-OVSF matrices, in the form of B2(i)(M2×N2) for i={1, 2, . . . , K2} is then selected as mapping matrices. The mapping matrices are used to generate corresponding children matrices.

Abstract: A roaming service covering a plurality of telecommunications carriers in mobile data communication is provided. In a communication system including a wireless terminal, two or more terminal-side networks communicating with the wireless terminal, and a backbone-side network connected to the terminal-side networks and connecting the wireless terminal with a backbone network, the wireless terminal traveling between the terminal-side networks during communication, wherein each of the terminal-side networks has a relay device for relaying communication between the wireless terminal and the backbone-side network and wherein the backbone-side network has a position management device for managing positional information of the wireless terminal and an authentication device for authenticating the wireless terminal according to contract information of the wireless terminal.

Abstract: A single cable or single antenna space-time fast modem system is described. Very high data transfer rates are accomplished using a space-time MIMO transceiver in combination with a unique space-time antenna reduction chamber and a frequency spectrum shifting module. The system readily connects to any existing communications infrastructure. The high speed data modem system incorporates a MIMO space-time wireless transceiver, yet unlike existing space-time wireless systems, requires only a single cable or antenna to achieve very high data transfer rates.