Abstract: A magnetoresistive sensor having a shape enhanced pinning and a flux guide structure. The sensor includes a sensor stack with a pinned layer, spacer layer and pinned layer. First and second hard bias layers and lead layers extend from the sides of the sensor stack. The hard bias layers and leads have a stripe height that is smaller than the stripe height of the free layer, resulting in a free layer that extends beyond the back edge of the lead and hard bias layer. This portion of the free layer that extends beyond the back edge of the leads and hard bias layers provides a back flux guide. Similarly, the sensor may have a free layer that extends beyond the front edge of the lead and hard bias layers to provide a front flux guide. The pinned layer extends significantly beyond the back edge of the free layer, providing the pinned layer with a strong shape enhanced magnetic anisotropy.

Abstract: A current detector (60) samples a motor current (MCRT_A) from a controlling sensor and a motor current (MCRT_B) from a monitoring sensor, and holds respective motor current maximum values (MCRT_Amax, MCRT_Bmax) at each prescribed operation cycle. An abnormality determiner (62a) detects that the motor current maximum value (MCRT_Amax) is in GND short-circuiting range and that the current difference between the maximum values exceeds a prescribed threshold value at each of successive operation cycles, to thereby determine an abnormality of the controlling sensor. Then, the abnormality determiner (62a) generates a detect signal (DET) specifying the current sensor abnormality and outputs it to a relay driver (64) and an alarm (66). Relay driver (64) receives the detect signal (DET) and generates a signal (SE) to turn off a system relay. The alarm (66) generates a signal (AL) and outputs it to display means arranged outside a power supply apparatus.

Abstract: Various electrical apparatuses which include a current dampening device are disclosed. In one embodiment, an electrical apparatus is provided which includes a motor and a switch having an “on” position and an “off” position to control the operation of the motor. A current dampening device is connected in parallel with the motor downstream from the switch to dampen transient current. In another embodiment a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) is electrically connected to the motor upstream from the switch.

Abstract: A power plug includes a base, an upper cover attached to the base, a base-side cover adjacent the base and removably attached to the upper cover, an output cord, a leakage current detection and protection circuit for detecting a leakage current in the output cord, and an electrical connection mechanism for electrically connecting and disconnecting an input side and an output of the power plug. The leakage current detection and protection circuit and the electrical connection mechanism are attached to the base and disposed substantially within a space enclosed by the base and the upper cover. A plurality of connecting ends of the circuit extend from the space enclosed by the base and the upper cover into a space enclosed by the base-side cover and the upper cover. Wires of the output cord are connected to the connecting ends, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention provides to a circuit interrupting device, particularly a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI), with a test circuit which is capable of automatically generating a simulated leakage current to detect whether the service life of the circuit interrupting device has ended, i.e., whether the main components of the device are working properly, when the device is properly connected to power input terminals and in a tripped state. The test circuit contains an end-of-service-life integrated circuit chip, which is connected to a switch that interacts with the reset button, thereby, by observing whether the device is capable of resetting, a user can determine whether the service life of the device has ended, i.e., if the device can be reset, the device is working properly; if the device cannot be reset, the service life of the device has ended.

Abstract: A low capacitance overvoltage protection circuit (80) provides protection to a communication line (12, 14). A diode bridge (46) is connected to the communication line (12, 14) so that overvoltages of both polarities pass through an overvoltage protection device (44) in one direction. A bias voltage supply 48 applies a bias voltage across a semiconductor overvoltage protection device (44) through isolation resistors (64, 66) to make the capacitance of the device (44) independent of changes in communication line voltages. When line voltages exceed the magnitude of the bias voltage, a blocking diode (82) prevents current from flowing through the bias voltage supply (48) in a reverse direction.

Abstract: This invention discloses a semiconductor device including a first buffer MOSFET of a first conductivity type, a second buffer MOSFET of a second conductivity type, an ESD protection circuit, an external input terminal, and a control circuit. The external input terminal capacitively couples to a terminal to which a second potential is applied, and receives the first potential or second potential in a normal operation mode. The control circuit includes a prebuffer which controls the gates of the first and second buffer MOSFETs on the basis of the potential of the external input terminal in the normal operation mode and fixes the external input terminal to the second or first potential by capacitive coupling upon ESD surge application, thereby fixing the gate of the second buffer MOSFET to the second or first potential and turning off the second buffer MOSFET.

Abstract: An electrical device protection apparatus, such as an overload relay, can include a microprocessor 102 that can receive a wide range of current signals from a current transformer or other current sensor. Also microprocessor 102 can employ a voltage sensor 112 to measure line voltage, for representing true power, and as a power supply 114 source for the microprocessor 102. The microprocessor can then generate annunciation signals 118, control signals 120, and/or communication signals 122 as necessary for the control and/or protection of an attached electrical device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a shock-proof electrical output device, which comprises a power outlet having a positive and a negative terminal, a voltage converter with a high voltage input and a low voltage output, a current monitoring relay device, a latching relay device, and a changeover relay device.

Abstract: An over current protection circuit provides over current protection (O.C.P) and short current protection (S.C.P) and can selectively operate in auto recover mode or latch off mode by replacing certain elements therein. Hence, the present invention can be designed easily and is cheaper than the prior art.

Abstract: An improved switching apparatus and method are disclosed. In at least some embodiments, the apparatus includes first and second ports, a first switching device such as a contactor coupled between the ports, and a second switching device coupled in parallel with the contactor between the ports, where the second switching device can be or include a solid-state semiconductor device. The second switching device is operated to become conductive at a first time prior to a second time when the contactor switches between a conductive state and a non-conductive state, and remains conductive up to a third time subsequent to the second time. In at least some further embodiments, the apparatus also includes one or both of a voltage sensing capability and a current sensing capability and switches the second switching device to become conductive based upon voltage and/or current information.

Abstract: The present invention provides an arrester in which energy during discharge is not concentrated in one point and which has good responsiveness to overvoltage. The arrester is provided with an energy absorber 3 that absorbs energy when a lightning strike occurs, and a pair of conductive electrodes 1 and 2. Between the pair of conductive electrodes 1 and 2, two air gaps 9 are formed in series, between the conductive electrode 1 and the energy absorber 3, and between the conductive electrode 2 and the energy absorber 3. The two air gaps 9 include planer gaps.

Abstract: Electrostatic discharge protection for guided wave microwave structures is provided by a protection device that imposes minimal disruption on the microwave structures and negligible interference with the normal operation of the structures. The protection device provides a discharge path between a signal conductor and a ground conductor when electrostatic charges on the signal conductor reach a predetermined voltage level. The protection device includes an insulating base that bridges a space between the signal conductor and the ground conductor and that supports a dispersion of metal particles adhered to the base.

Abstract: A grounding apparatus for connecting electrical equipment to ground comprises a plate comprising a top surface, a bottom surface and first and second end portions. Typically. the plate is connected to opposing support legs, such that an open space is provided under the bottom surface of the plate. The top surface of the plate may comprise one or more raised surfaces and also define a plurality of apertures for use in securing one or more lugs to the plate. The grounding apparatus optionally comprises a port connected thereto and comprising an exterior surface defining an opening for receiving a plug.

Abstract: Electrostatic capacitors with high capacitance density and high-energy storage are implemented over conventional electrolytic capacitor anode substrates using highly conformal contact layers deposited by atomic layer deposition. Capacitor films that are suitable for energy storage, electrical and electronics circuits, and for integration onto PC boards endure long lifetime and high-temperature operation range.

Abstract: A cylindrical capacitor comprising at least a substrate, a cylindrical bottom electrode, a structure layer, a top electrode and a capacitor dielectric layer is provided. The substrate has several plugs. The cylindrical bottom electrodes are disposed on the substrate and electrically connected to the respective plugs. The structure layer surrounds the periphery of each cylindrical bottom electrode. The structure layers that surround the two opposing cylindrical bottom electrodes have no mutual contact while the structure layers that surround two neighboring cylindrical bottom electrodes contact each other. Furthermore, the top electrodes cover the respective cylindrical bottom electrodes and the capacitor dielectric layer is disposed between each top electrode and corresponding cylindrical bottom electrode. Due to the structure layers, the mechanical strength of the whole cylindrical capacitor is improved and the density of the capacitor can be increased.

Abstract: An electric double-layer capacitor comprising an electrode containing an activated carbon, an electrolytic solution containing an electrolyte and a separator, wherein the electrolyte is an imidazolium salt represented by the following formula (1) (wherein R and R? each independently represent alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R1 to R3 each independently represent hydrogen atom or alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and X? represents a counter ion), and the activated carbon is produced by carbonizing an organic aerogel obtained by polymerizing a phenolic compound having at least one hydroxyl group in its molecule with an aldehyde compound in an aqueous solvent in the presence of a basic catalyst.

Abstract: The invention provides a negative electrode material for use with a lithium-ion capacitor, which is high in energy density, output density and excellent in durability. When graphite of which an average distance between 002 lattice planes thereof is within a range from 0.335 nm to 0.337 nm is used for an active material of a negative electrode of a lithium-ion capacitor, the energy density of the capacitor is increased. The output characteristic and the cycle durability can be improved when D10, D50 and D90 are set within predetermined ranges.

Abstract: A tantalum powder consisting of agglomerated primary particle with a minimum primary particle dimension of 0.2 to 0.8 ?m, a specific surface area of 0.9 to 2.5 m2/g and a particle size distribution determined to ASTM B 822 corresponding to a D10 value of 5 to 25 ?m, a D50 value of 20 to 140 ?m and a D90 value of 40 to 250 ?m, wherein the powder does not comprise an effective content of sintering protection agents.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic capacitor (A1) includes a porous sintered body (1), anode conduction members (21A, 21B), surface-mounting anode terminals (3A, 3B), and a surface-mounting cathode terminal. The porous sintered body (1) is made of valve metal. The anode conduction members (21A, 21B) are electrically connected to the porous sintered body (1). The anode terminals (3A, 3B) are electrically connected to the anode conduction members (21A, 21B). At least part of the porous sintered body (1) or at least part of the anode conduction members (21A, 21B) is covered with a ferromagnetic member (8).

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electrode sheet for capacitors comprises the step of forming a sprayed layer of an Al-valve action metal alloy on at least one surface of an aluminum foil (2) by thermally spraying Al-valve action metal alloy powder on the surface of the aluminum foil. At the time of the spraying, a porosity content rate of the sprayed layer (3) is controlled to 20 vol % or less by melting at least a matrix Al phase of the alloy. The electrode sheet for capacitors manufactured by the method can decrease the porosity content rate of the sprayed layer, which in turn can secure less leakage current and larger capacitance.

Abstract: Methods and integrated apparatus are disclosed for electrically disconnecting and allowing external support and access for electrical devices in a power conversion system cabinet. The apparatus includes a support structure that translates a power conversion system component at least partially through a door or other cabinet opening between a first position with the component entirely within the cabinet and a second position with the component supported at least partially outside the cabinet, as well as a power disconnect apparatus operated by translation of the support structure to disconnect the component from electrical power when the support is translated from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: A power regulator with a bypass and splice capacity includes at least one phase member and a driver. Each one of the at least one phase member includes two cooling fins, two SCR thyristors, a conductive resilient tab and a conductive rigid tab. The cooling fins are conductive and adjacent to each other. The SCR thyristors are mounted on the cooling fins and are inversely connected in parallel to each cooling fin. The conductive resilient tab is mounted on one of the cooling fins and has a moveable contact. The conductive rigid tab is mounted on the other cooling fin and has a stationary contact aligned with the movable contact. When the driver is energized, the driver drives the conductive resilient tab and the moveable contact is contacts the stationary contact and power is bypassed and spliced through the cooling fins.

Abstract: A switching system includes switchgear that can be contacted via pin contacts. In at least one embodiment, the switching system is provided with pin contacts and mating pin contacts and at least one device(s) for the transmission of force onto the switchgear, thereby allowing to establish and interrupt contact to the switchgear even when only little space is available.

Abstract: A transaction system includes a peripheral device, a transaction terminal having a printed circuit board disposed within an enclosure, a housing attached with the enclosure, and a cable that couples the peripheral device with the printed circuit board. The peripheral device includes a wireless communication device, a memory device, or both. A method of providing wireless connectivity or auxiliary memory for a transaction terminal includes providing a wireless communication device or a memory device, providing a transaction terminal having a printed circuit board and an enclosure, coupling the wireless communication device or the memory device with the printed circuit board via a cable, placing the wireless communication device or memory device at least partially within a housing, and attaching the housing with the enclosure of the transaction terminal.

Abstract: A waterproof casing includes a first casing having a first base wall and a first surrounding wall, and a second casing having a second base wall and a second surrounding wall. The first surrounding wall surrounds a periphery of the first base wall to cooperatively define a first receiving recess therewith, and has a first wall surface confronting the first receiving recess, and a first groove provided in the first wall surface. The second surrounding wall is connected to the second base wall proximate to the first surrounding wall to cooperatively define a second receiving recess therewith, and has a second wall surface outwardly of the second receiving recess, and a second groove provided in the second wall surface and corresponding to the first groove. A resilient member is fitted between and closes the first and second grooves. The first and second receiving recesses cooperatively receive a flat panel display.

Abstract: A portable electronic device is disclosed in which an LCD (140) and a PCB (130) of the device are mounted on to first and second opposed sides of an internal frame. The internal frame has a stiffness chosen to suppress the distortion of the LCD and vibration of the PCB (140) resulting from a shock. A battery (170) is mounted onto the PCB (140) such that the internal frame supports the LCD (140) on one side and the PCB (130) with the battery mounted on it on the opposite side.

Abstract: A memory card includes a piezoelectric material and a display unit. The piezoelectric material generates a voltage from external pressure applied thereon, and the display unit displays information using the generated voltage. Thus, information is displayed on the memory card at the discretion of the user pressing the piezoelectric material without using any additional equipment. Also, few components are added to the memory card for such a display function such that the small form of the memory card is retained.

Abstract: A flat panel display having a coupling structure for coupling a flat panel display module to a case. The flat panel display comprises a flat panel display module having a plurality of protrusions formed on two opposite sides, and a first case for receiving the flat panel display module. The first case includes a receiving portion providing a predetermined space in which the flat panel display module is seated, a fixing portion for fixing an end of the flat panel display module, and a plurality of coupling portions to be coupled with the plurality of protrusions. The fixing portion is made of an elastic member.

Abstract: A plasma display device includes a plasma display panel (PDP), a chassis base on the PDP, a plurality of printed circuit board assemblies (PBAs) on the chassis base and electrically connected to the PDP, at least one of the PBAs including a single-sided board with a plurality of insert-holes for electrical connection, and at least one circuit element with a plurality of leads adapted to be respectively inserted into the plurality of insert-holes of the single-sided board, wherein the single-sided board includes a plurality of slots between the insert-holes.

Abstract: A simple structure of display device having the function of self-balance and prevent falling caused by an external force is disclosed to include a display, a base, which has a convex bottom surface and is fixedly connected to the bottom side of the display, and an adjustable counterweight structure, which has a weight that can be moved with one hand to change the center of gravity of the display device and to further adjust the viewing angle of the display.

Abstract: Multi-sectioned arms are used as a basic mechanism for coupling the display and the base of a portable computer. With this mechanism, one single computer can support all of the following capabilities. The display can move continuously, relative to the back edge of the base, along any combination of up and down, backward and forward, and left and right directions. The display can be tilted up and down as well as sideway for viewing angle adjustment, and also set to portrait and landscape orientations. When the display is in conventional open or close positions, each arm can be folded and parked alongside and parallel to as well as away from the edge of the base. The arms can be detached from the computer. The base and the display can overlay each other in four ways. Finally, mechanical mechanisms for implementations of the arms and connections to the computer are presented.

Abstract: Electronic circuit device (100) is structured so that a substrate module unit that are formed by stacking substrate modules made of a first resin sheet with electronic component (190) embedded thereinto is inserted into housing (150) including connecting terminal (120), control circuit (130), and first wiring pattern (140), where the substrate modules are connected to each other electrically and mechanically. This electronic circuit device (100) dispenses with a mother substrate. Further, with slimming down of a substrate module, a substrate module unit with a large number of substrate modules stacked can be loaded in a limited packaging space, thus mounting greater storage capacity and higher functionality.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an apparatus to carry a hard drive may include one or more of the following features: (a)at least one carrier component, (b) at least one interlocking portion located on the at least one carrier component, (c) a first connector located at the at least one interlocking portion that can be received by a second connector, (d) a second carrier component, (e) a second interlocking portion, and (f) a third and fourth connector located at the second interlocking portion.

Abstract: Various technologies for cooling a computer system are described. In accordance with one described embodiment, a fan assembly system for a computer comprises a fan operable for cooling the computer and a fan duct coupled with the fan. The fan duct comprises a number of attaching features. The fan is suspended at least one component of the computer. Moreover, the suspended fan enables air to flow between the fan and the component (e.g., a heatsink) to facilitate cooling of the component.

Abstract: Pyramidal case for computer, with a square base including a support on a box, with a rectangular rear section and a trapezoidal front section, which dissipates the heat with greater efficiency and effectiveness, through obliged paths of the air flows which amplify the natural thermodynamics of the warm air masses. The study and the coercion of the air flows, applied to this invention, allow a greater dissipation of the heat with respect to any other existing case, which bases the cooling on directional air flows towards each component, but that inside the case itself, become chaotic and poorly efficient in the management of the whole generated heat.

Abstract: A computing system and method of operating a computing system is provided.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for cooling heat generating computer parts that installed in a computer. The apparatus includes a heat transferring block capable of being thermally coupled to the heat generating parts to conduct the heat generated by the heat dissipating parts; at least one heat pipe, each including a block coupling portion thermally coupled to the heat transferring block and a fin coupling portion formed of a generally curved shape composed essentially of one or more circular arc portions; and a plurality of heat dissipating fins, each having at least one perforation hole. The geometry of the curvature of the entirety of the fin coupling portion is shaped so that the geometry alone would not allow the heat pipe to be inserted through the perforation hole of the heat dissipating fins. The fin coupling portion of the heat pipe passes through each of the at least one perforation hole of the plurality of heat dissipating fins.

Abstract: An electronic system includes a chassis, an air flow distribution assembly having a first set of baffles disposed within an intake volume of the chassis and a second set of baffles disposed in proximity to an air outlet of the chassis. The first set of baffles is configured to turn the flow of an air stream approximately 90 degrees, relative to an inlet flow direction of the air stream, toward circuit boards disposed within the chassis. The second set of baffles is configured as a flow splitter that receives the air stream from the circuit boards and partitions the air stream into separate portions prior to the air stream exiting via the air outlet. The use of both the first and second set of baffles redirects and distributes the air stream, flowing into the air inlet, in a substantially even manner across the circuit board component mounting surfaces of the circuit boards disposed within the system.

Abstract: A heat-dissipating device and a method for producing the same, by forming an accommodating space and a plurality of locating part in communicated with said accommodating space on a metal body that contains a plurality of heat-dissipating fins; disposing a plurality of heat-conducting element in each corresponding locating part; disposing a pressurizing element that is provided over its periphery with a plurality of push-pressing parts into said accommodating space within said metal body, whereupon one end of each push-pressing part will press against the periphery of said heat-conducting element, respectively, to deform said heat-conducting element and thus engage intimately each heat-conducting element with said metal body so as to achieve a heat dissipating effect.

Abstract: A heat dissipation module is suitable to dissipate heat for a heat source on a circuit board, wherein a plurality of locking holes are disposed around the heat source. The heat dissipation module includes a heat sink, a locking rod, and two fasteners. The heat sink has a groove, and the locking rod has a rod body and two hooks extended from two ends of the rod body. The rod body is across the groove. In addition, each fastener is connected to each corresponding hook, and is fastened at the locking hole.

Abstract: A heat sink that radiates n exoergic circuit elements mounted on a circuit board includes a housing that has a heat-receiving surface that receives heat from the n exoergic circuit elements, and n+2 fixture parts to each of which a fixture member is attachable, each fixture member compressively fixing the housing onto the circuit board, wherein n is equal to or greater than 2, the heat sink is used to commonly radiate the n exoergic circuit elements, and a line that connects two fixture members to each other among n+2 fixture members passes between two centers of gravity of two adjacent exoergic circuit elements.

Abstract: Flexible circuitry is populated with integrated circuitry disposed along one or both of its major sides. Contacts distributed along the flexible circuitry provide connection between the module and an application environment. The circuit-populated flexible circuitry is disposed about an edge of a rigid substrate thus placing the integrated circuitry on one or both sides of the substrate with one or two layers of integrated circuitry on one or both sides of the substrate. The substrate form is preferably devised from thermally conductive materials and includes a high thermal conductivity core or area that is disposed proximal to higher thermal energy devices such as an AMB when the flex circuit is brought about the substrate. Other variations include thermally-conductive clips that grasp respective ICs on opposite sides of the module to further shunt heat from the ICs.

Abstract: The cartridge comprises a housing, a plurality of test sensors, a mechanical mechanism, and a pusher assembly. The housing forms at least one opening therethrough. The plurality of test sensors is stacked in the housing. The plurality of test sensors is adapted to assist in testing at least one analyte. The mechanical mechanism is adapted to urge the plurality of test sensors in a first direction. One of the plurality of test sensors is positioned for extraction from the cartridge. The pusher assembly is adapted to push one of the plurality of test sensors from the cartridge. The pusher assembly includes a ferromagnetic material or a magnet.

Abstract: This publication discloses an electronics module and a method for manufacturing it. The electronic module includes at least one first embedded component (6), the contact terminals (7) of which face essentially towards the first surface of the insulating-material layer (1) and which is connected electrically by its contact terminals (7) to the conductor structures contained in the electronic module. According to the invention, a second embedded component (6?), the contact terminals (7?) of which face essentially towards the second surface of the insulating-material layer and which is connected electrically by its contact terminals (7?) to the conductor structures contained in the electronic module, is attached by means of glue or two-sided tape to the first component (6), and the contact terminals (7, 7?) are connected to the conductor structures with the aid of a conductive material, which is arranged in the insulating-material layer in holes (17) at the locations of the contact terminals (7, 7?).

Abstract: An electrohydraulic control device that includes at least one hydraulic actuator element, at least one sensor element, and at least one electronic control unit. The actuator element and the sensor element are combined in a hydraulically sealed hydraulic control device that is separated from the electronic control unit and that has a common power and signal terminal for connecting lines to connect the actuator element and the sensor element to the electronic control unit.

Abstract: A low-profile Universal-Serial-Bus (USB) assembly includes a modular USB core component that is mounted into a swivel casing. The modular USB core component includes a PCBA in which all passive components and unpackaged IC chips are attached to a single side of a PCB opposite to the metal contacts. The IC chips (e.g., USB controller, flash memory) are attached to the PCB by wire bonding or other chip-on-board (COB) technique. The passive components are attached by conventional surface mount technology (SMT) techniques. The swivel casing includes a holder that is pivotably mounted into an external housing by way of a pivot pin. The pivot pin is either a separate structure that is inserted into holes formed in the holder and housing, or is integrally formed on the holder.

Abstract: In one implementation, flash memory chips are provided with an operating power supply voltage to substantially match a power supply voltage expected at an edge connector of a dual inline memory module. The one or more of the flash memory chips and a memory support application integrated circuit (ASIC) may be mounted together into a multi-chip package for integrated circuits. The one or more flash memory chips and the memory support ASIC may be electrically coupled together by routing one or more conductors between each in the multi-chip package. The multi-chip package may be mounted onto a printed circuit board (PCB) of a flash memory DIMM to reduce the number of packages mounted thereto and reduce the height of the flash memory DIMM. The number of printed circuit board layers may also be reduced, such as by integrating address functions into the memory support ASIC.

Abstract: An electronic device installation structure for housing an electronic device which is coupled with a signal transmission dock includes a chassis which has a housing trough to hold the electronic device. The housing trough and the electronic device have respectively a guiding track and a boss that correspond to each other. The guiding track has an inlet and a distal end that jointly define a moving displacement of the boss. The boss can be moved along the guiding track to allow the electronic device to be steadily and fully loaded into the housing trough. The electronic device and the housing trough form an interval between them in the fully loaded condition that is proximate to the thickness of the signal transmission dock so that a secure electric connection is established between the signal transmission dock and the electronic device.

Abstract: An assembly is disclosed which enables a printed circuit board (PCB) to be added to or removed from a computer system without deactivating other parts of the system. The assembly, which holds the PCB, translates lateral motion into vertical motion to enable lateral motion to be applied to derive the vertical motion needed to plug and unplug a PCB into and out of an expansion slot. This motion translation makes it possible to insert or remove a PCB via a rear, front, or side access portal of a housing rather than through the top of the housing. Thus, the assembly eliminates the need to remove the housing from a rack, or to remove a top from the housing, which in turn eliminates the need to shut down any other parts of the system. Thus, the assembly enables a PCB to be “hot swapped” into and out of a computer system.