Abstract: A process for the reactive extraction of levulinic acid from an aqueous mixture having levulinic acid, wherein the aqueous mixture is contacted with a liquid esterifying alcohol, the alcohol having at least four carbon atoms and is substantially water-immiscible, at esterification conditions in the presence of a catalyst to form a levulinate ester, wherein the amount of the alcohol is such that the alcohol extracts the levulinate ester from the aqueous mixture. Further, an aqueous phase, having the catalyst and a reduced levulinic acid content, and an organic phase, having the alcohol and the levulinate ester, are formed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to processes for the synthesis of intermediates useful in the preparation of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

Abstract: A gelling agent having a high ability of gelling an oily base which is capable of giving a gel composition having a strong gel strength and a good transparency, a gel composition having a strong gel strength and a good transparency, an external composition having a good feel upon use, a cosmetic preparation having a good feel upon use, and a fragrance composition having a good transparency and a good appearance is provided. An amide compound represented by the following formula 1: is used. In formula 1, R1, R2 and R3 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having a carbon number of from 1 to 3 with the proviso that at least one of R1, R2 and R3 is a hydrogen atom.

Abstract: Monoamine re-uptake inhibitors and more specifically serotonin and noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitors are disclosed that have utility in the treatment of disorders of the central or peripheral nervous system in both men and women. The compounds of this invention have the structure: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, m, n, W, X, Y, and Z are as defined herein, including stereoisomers, prodrugs and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters and solvates thereof. Also disclosed are compositions containing a compound of this invention in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, as well as methods relating to the use thereof for inhibiting monoamine re-uptake in a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides isolated N-methyl-3-(3-methylphenoxy)-3-phenylpropylamine hydrochloride, and preparation thereof as well as of N-methyl-3-(4-methylphenoxy)-3-phenylpropylamine hydrochloride and of N-methyl-3-phenoxy-3-phenylpropylamine hydrochloride. The invention further provides the use of the above compounds as reference markers and/or reference standards during the synthesis of Atomoxetine. Also provided is a method of limiting the amounts of the impurities 3FT (3-fluorotoluene), 4FT (4-fluorotoluene), and FB (fluorobenzene) in the 2-fluorotoluene starting material used in the synthesis of Atomoxetine Hydrochloride. The purity of the Atomoxetine Hydrochloride product is ensured by determining the amounts of 3FT, 4FT, and FB in the 2-fluorotoluene starting material with the marker 3-ATM HCl.

Abstract: A process for ring-alkylating aniline or an aniline derivative in which aniline or an aniline derivative is reacted with an alkylating agent in the presence of an ionic liquid which includes a Lewis acid and a quaternary cation, to produce a ring-alkylated alkylaniline or a ring-alkylated aniline derivative. The use of an ionic liquid permits convenient separation of the alkylated reaction product from the reactants.

Abstract: The present invention is to prepare efficiently 2?-amino-5?-hydroxypropiophenone corresponding to the AB-ring part of camptothecin (CPT) skeleton and a tricyclic ketone corresponding to the CDE-ring part in order to provide efficiently CPT by the total synthesis, which is a starting material for irinotecan hydrochloride and various kinds of camptothecin derivatives, and to provide stably CPT and its derivatives.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for making a thiophosphine compound of formula (I): wherein X represents SH or with R1 being H or —CH3, R and R? represent, independently from each other, an alkyl radical, an alkoxy radical, an aryl radical or a phenyl radical which may be substituted with one or more alkyl and/or alkoxy groups, n is an integer from 0 to 4, n? is an integer from 0 to 5, x is an integer from 0 to 2, y is an integer from 1 to 5 with the proviso that y+n is an integer from 1 to 5, wherein y =1, X is in para position with regard to phosphorus and represents SH.

Abstract: A method for making isolongifolenone involving reaction (?)-isolongifolene with chromium hexacarbonyl and t-butyl hydroperoxide. Also the use of isolongifolenone to repel arthropods by treating an object or area with an arthropod repelling effective amount of isolongifolenone (and optionally a carrier or carrier material).

Abstract: A process for preparing carotenoids, in which the process includes reacting a dialkoxy dialdehyde in a double Wittig condensation with a phosphonium salt of or in a double Wittig-Horner condensation with a phosphonate. The carotenoids include, for example, ?-carotene, zeaxanthin, canthaxanthin, astaxathin, lycopene and croceptin, which are useful as nutraceuticals, food colorants, and feed additives.

Abstract: A continuous process and system for producing polyether polyols that allows for continuously adding an unreacted oxide to a loop reactor while adding at least one thermally deactivating catalyst capable of thermally deactivating prior to decomposition of polyether polyol which can allow for greater concentrations of unreacted oxides and/or a rate of reaction in the loop reactor is at a rate at least two times faster than a rate of reaction in a loop reactor containing less than 14 weight percent unreacted oxide. In a preferred embodiment, the catalyst is a double metal cyanide catalyst and a plug flow reactor is formed in series with the loop reactor wherein neither reactor contains a vapor space.

Abstract: A tert-alkyl ketone, pinacolone was hydrogenated under pressurized hydrogen in the presence of a ruthenium complex (S)-1 and a base, and corresponding (S)-3,3,-dimethyl-2-butanol was thereby obtained in 100% yield and 97% ee

Abstract: A method for producing methanol and dimethyl ether using the air as the sole source of materials is disclosed. The invention relates to a method for separating the water (i.e., the moisture in the air) and carbon dioxide content of atmospheric air for their use in the subsequent production of methanol, dimethyl ether and derived synthetic hydrocarbons as products. The method includes the conversion of carbon dioxide and water under conditions sufficient to produce methanol and/or dimethyl ether. Methanol and/or dimethyl ether can be used as fuel or fuel additives or further converted to synthetic hydrocarbons and their products. Carbon dioxide is captured on a suitable absorbent, preferentially polyethyleneimine supported on nano-structured fumed silica. The process can also involve hydrogenation with hydrogen produced by electrolysis of water obtained from the air or from any other water source.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for removing alkynes and/or dienes from an olefin product stream withdrawn from an oxygenate-to-olefins reactor. The process comprises hydrogenating a first olefin stream that has alkynes and/or dienes in the presence of excess hydrogen and a first hydrogenation catalyst. The hydrogenation of the first olefin stream produces a second olefin stream that has unreacted hydrogen. The second olefin stream is contacted with a second hydrogenation catalyst producing a third olefin stream. The third olefin stream has low levels of hydrogen and alkynes and/or dienes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a conversion process of a feedstock, preferably an oxygenated feedstock, into one or more olefin(s), preferably ethylene and/or propylene, in the presence of a molecular sieve catalyst composition that includes a molecular sieve and a Group 3 metal oxide and/or an oxide of a Lanthanide or Actinide series element. The invention is also directed to methods of making and formulating the molecular sieve catalyst composition useful in a conversion process of a feedstock into one or more olefin(s).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of alkanes comprising a catalytic reaction resulting from contacting methane with at least one other starting alkane (I) in the presence of a metal compound (C) capable of catalysing a reaction for the splitting and/or recombination of a carbon-carbon bond and/or of a carbon-hydrogen bond and/or of a carbon-metal bond, which catalytic reaction results in the formation of at least one final alkane (II) having a number of carbon atoms equal to or greater than (2). In the process, the contacting operation is carried out under a methane partial pressure equal to or greater than 0.1 MPa, preferably in the range from 0.1 to 100 MPa. The metal compound (C) can be chosen from metal compounds supported on and dispersed over a solid support, metal compounds supported on and grafted to a solid support and non-supported metal compounds.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for modifying the physical characteristics of a web which involves passing the web between at least one pair of interengaged rolls to incrementally stretch the web, and then withdrawing the incrementally stretched web from between the rolls under tension. A web modified according to the disclosed method has desirable breathability and liquid impermeability, as well as extensibility and a soft, cloth-like textured surface. One embodiment of the present invention provides a breathable web comprising a microporous film exhibiting an MVTR of at least about 2000 g/m2/24 hr, a dynamic impact value of less than about 10 g/m2, a bubble pressure at least about 45 psi, and an air flow of at least about 2 liters/m2/s.

Abstract: An absorbent core is provided including a substrate that performs at least one fluid handling function. At least a portion of at least one region of the substrate has been modified by aperturing, calendering, coating, creping, heating, printing, stretching, or a combination thereof to impart at least one different fluid handling function. The substrate is folded to provide a plurality of panels wherein at least a portion of one panel corresponds to at least a portion of the modified region of the substrate. An absorbent article including the absorbent core and a process for making the absorbent core are also disclosed.

Abstract: An absorbent body for hygiene articles, particularly sanitary napkins or panty liners, includes a liquid absorbing and distributing layer facing the body and made of a first fibrous material with a first pore size, and a liquid storage layer facing away from the body and including at least 20 to 98 wt. % cellulose fibers, with a second pore size smaller than the first pore size. The first fibrous material is made of interlinked cellulose fibers, and the layers are interconnected, without adhesives by a multitude of embossing points provided in grid-like manner which results in the formation of a funnel-shaped pore gradient in the liquid absorbing and distributing layer around the embossing points. This pore gradient assists in the introduction of liquid into the underlying storage layer.

Abstract: An absorbent article having a topsheet and an absorbent core material. The acquisition distribution layer is located between the topsheet and the absorbent core material. The acquisition distribution layer is made of a three dimensional apertured film that defines a large void volume space between the acquisition distribution layer and the absorbent core material. The acquisition distribution layer provides high void volume for lateral spillage during repeated insult moments because the topsheet, which is in contact with the user, is held away from dispersing fluid that is unabsorbed by saturated core material. The void volume space provides a pathway for unabsorbed fluid to flow over the top plane of saturated core regions to unsaturated regions of the core material for absorption. The void volume space allows this migration of fluid to occur without the fluid coming into contact with the topsheet, thereby avoiding a feeling of wetness for a wearer.

Abstract: The invention provides a transgenic animal carrying two transgenes, one encoding a human decay accelerating factor (hDAF) and the other encoding a human heme oxygenase-1 (hHO)-1, which are useful for providing cells, tissues or organs therefrom for xenotransplantation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a plant breeding and testing method that utilizes a pollen mixture derived from many male parents in conjunction with field trials and molecular pedigree analysis to evaluate breeding values and make progeny selections for the next generation of breeding. More specifically the plant breeding method involves mixing pollen obtained from a breeding group composed of a plurality of parental plants to obtain a pollen polymix. The polymix is used to pollinate female reproductive structures from parental plants in the breeding group to obtain a plurality of progeny seed lots. Each progeny seed lot has seeds obtained from a different cross between the pollen polymix and a different parental plant. Resultant progeny plants from each seed lot are evaluated using objective criteria to obtain a phenotype score. The pedigree of at least some of the progeny plants, usually those with a desirable phenotype score, is determined using molecular parental analysis.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to promoter sequences and promoter control elements, polynucleotide constructs comprising the promoters and control elements, and methods of identifying the promoters, control elements, or fragments thereof. The invention further relates to the use of the present promoters or promoter control elements to modulate transcript levels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to expression cassettes comprising transcription regulating sequences with constitutive expression profiles in plants obtainable from Arabidopsis thaliana genes At5g17920, At3g03780, At2g01100, At2g34770, At5g61560, At4g00830, At3g10220, At4g38520, At3g11110, At2g47170, At1g64090, At5g60690, At1g76350, At1g76580, At1g31930, At5g18230, At1g20970, or At4g35620.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a protein (Snow1), mutants thereof, and nucleic acids encoding said protein, that interacts with Ice1 and which activates CBF3 promoter activity thus regulating freezing tolerance in plants.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided a novel soybean variety designated XB07N06. This invention thus relates to the seeds of soybean variety XB07N06, to the plants of soybean XB07N06 to plant parts of soybean variety XB07N06 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing plants of the soybean variety XB07N06 with another soybean plant, using XB07N06 as either the male or the female parent.

Abstract: The present invention is in the field of soybean variety S06-WW168223 breeding and development. The present invention particularly relates to the soybean variety S06-WW168223 and its progeny, and methods of making S06-WW168223.

Abstract: The present invention is in the field of soybean variety S06-MT110501 breeding and development. The present invention particularly relates to the soybean variety S06-MT110501 and its progeny, and methods of making S06-MT110501.

Abstract: A soybean cultivar designated 6141287 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 6141287, to the plants of soybean 6141287, to plant parts of soybean cultivar 6141287 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean cultivar 6141287 with itself or with another soybean variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars and plant parts derived from soybean variety 6141287, to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 6141287 and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing the cultivar 6141287 with another soybean cultivar.

Abstract: The invention relates to the soybean variety designated 0358232. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the soybean variety 0358232. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the soybean variety 0358232 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing soybean plants by crossing the soybean variety 0358232 with itself or another soybean variety and plants produced by such methods.

Abstract: A corn inbred designated 3B50HO is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of corn inbred 3B50HO, to the plants of corn inbred 3B50HO, to plant parts of corn inbred 3B50HO and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing corn inbred 3B50HO with itself or with another corn variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a corn plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic corn plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to corn inbreds or breeding inbreds and plant parts derived from corn variety 3B50HO, to methods for producing other corn inbreds and lines or plant parts derived from corn inbred 3B50HO and to the corn plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid corn seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing the inbred 3B50HO with another corn inbred.

Abstract: Broadly, this invention provides for an inbred corn line designated G06-NP2546, methods for producing a corn plant by crossing plants of the inbred line G06-NP2546 with plants of another corn plants. The invention relates to the various parts of inbred G06-NP2546 including culturable cells. This invention also relates to methods for introducing transgenic transgenes into inbred corn line G06-NP2546 and plants produced by said methods.

Abstract: An inbred maize line, designated 413A, having higher row number and smaller kernel width compared to Ia2132, and herbicide tolerance, the plants and seeds of inbred maize line 413A and descendants thereof, methods for producing a maize plant produced by crossing the inbred line 413A with itself or with another maize plant, and hybrid maize seeds and plants produced by crossing the inbred line 413A with another maize line or plant.

Abstract: A stringed instrument including strings supported by bridges, which are fixed to a body, and a nut fixed to a neck. The strings are supported in a manner enabling vibration of each string. The nut includes a nut body and a fastener. The fastener is formed by pressing members and adjustment screws. The pressing members press the strings against the nut surface so that the strings are fixed to the nut surface. A projection projecting toward the strings is formed on an end portion of the nut. The strings are supported by the nut so as to contact the top surface of the projection. This enables each string to vibrate while being in constant contact with the projection and prevents each string from coming into contact with the nut or fastener. Thus, abnormal noise is not generated.

Abstract: A tambourine according to the present invention includes a frame having a plurality of removable jingle members. The frame includes opposing sides and defines a plurality of slots extending between the sides. The tambourine includes a plurality of pins that may be extended through the frame and the plurality of slots for coupling respective jingle members to the frame. A plurality of fasteners are included for coupling the pins to the frame. Alternately, threaded inserts may be coupled to the frame for receiving threaded fasteners, such as screws, therein.

Abstract: A drum cart (1) is provided for mounting and moving a drum (2). The cart included, a stand (3) mounted on two wheels (5). The stand is connected to the drummer by a hip strap. The drum (2) is held around its shell (7) by at least one bracket (6) and is preferably connected to the bracket (6) by two joints (8. The bracket (6) is preferably fastened to the stand (3). The drum is arranged in the stand so that the drummer beats the drum head (14) vertically with both beaters (10).

Abstract: A portable musical teaching interface system for purposes of providing the user with the skills necessary to play the piano. The interface system comprising a pair of gloves each having a plurality of finger sleeves adapted to receive the fingers of a user's hands, a display means for providing a virtual representation of the user's hands in relation to said virtual keyboard and a control means in communication with the finger sleeves to provide control signals that cause the finger sleeves to strike the proper keys on the virtual piano to a programmed sequence of movements which corresponds to a selected piece of music.

Abstract: Compressed waveform data structure is proposed which is suited for segmentation of a plurality of samples of compressed waveform data into a plurality of frames and subsequent storage of each of the frames. The number of bits per sample of the compressed waveform data is variable between the frames, but uniform, i.e. the same among all of the samples, within each of the frames. Each of the frames has a same data storage size. Each of the frames includes, in a predetermined layout, an auxiliary information area for storing auxiliary information that includes compression-related information to be used for decompressing the compressed waveform data, and a data area for storing a plurality of samples of the compressed waveform data of the frame with each of the samples comprising a same number of bits.

Abstract: MIDI compression and decompression methods that reduce the size of a standard MIDI file and maintains information to play the MIDI music. The exemplary method of the invention makes use of the high correlation and repetitions between a look-ahead MIDI event and previous set of MIDI events. An adjustable size Lempel-Ziv-like MIDI Event Search Window (MESW) is created during the compression and decompression process to allow searching of matched events or event elements in previous window size of MIDI events. Further reduction of the MIDI events can be made by discarding the matched events in the event search window. Therefore, with 4-bit of MIDI event search window, the number of MIDI events stored in the window can be more than 16.

Abstract: A music search engine is invented to find a desired song in the database by comparing the melodies. This invention comprises two major parts: a client-end and a server-end. The client-end converts various input formats into a note sequence and sends it to the server-end engine. The server-end then compares the note sequence with the melodies in the database and finds the closest match. This invention enables us to search music by its melodic content instead of titles, lyrics or other annotated information. Moreover, this invention tolerates inaccurate inputs so that even less skilled people can hum to the system with inaccurate melody and find the target song.

Abstract: A sound determination unit previously divides sound into a low sound range for first sound, a middle sound range for second sound, and a high sound range for third sound by its frequency band. When sound information detected by the microphone is inputted to the sound determination unit, the sound determination unit determines whether the frequency band of that sound information is in the predetermined low sound range or not. When it is in the low sound range, a signal to operate a first vibrator is generated from a first controller. When it is in the middle sound range, a signal to operate a second vibrator is generated from a second controller. When it is in the high sound range, a signal to operate a third vibrator is generated from a third controller.

Abstract: A multi-use electrical box has first and second side walls, lower and upper walls, which, together, form a front opening into the electrical box, and a rear wall. The first side wall includes a plurality of removable alignment tabs extending therefrom. The lower and upper walls each have external grooves which accommodate external attachment nails for the electrical box. One or more exit holes are provided in the first side wall for fastener screws. A slidable wall is removably mounted in the electrical box to receive one or more fastener screws at desired locations within the box.

Abstract: A electrical box assembly is provided that includes an electrical outlet box and an adapter plate configured to accommodate electrical components in a single or double gang formation. An engaging mechanism permits the adapter plate to snap into the electrical outlet box without the use of screws or other fasteners. Thus, the adapter plate can be removed and rotated to change the orientation of the adapter plate and any electrical components attached thereto from a vertical to a horizontal orientation, and vice versa.

Abstract: A protector for a wire harness. After the protector is placed onto and secured to a jig and the wire harness is wired, the wire harness will not become loose inside the protector even when the protector is removed from the jig. The protector comprises: a protector body that stores a plurality of wire harnesses, and a cover that closes off the opening section of the protector body, and boss(es), having pin holes in which jig pin(s) can be inserted, (is) are formed in the protector body. A plurality of wire harnesses are divided by the bosses as base points and guided to a plurality of guide openings that are formed on the outer edge of the protector body. The wire harnesses will not become loose inside the protector even when the protector is removed from the jig due to the bosses inside the protector.

Abstract: A connection protector kit for use with an electrical stub connection assembly, the stub connection assembly including first and second conductors forming a connection and defining a crotch therebetween, includes an insert assembly. The insert assembly includes an insert member and a sealant pad mounted on the insert member. The insert assembly is adapted to fit within the crotch of the stub connection assembly. The kit may further include a cap defining a cavity and an opening communicating with the cavity, wherein the cavity and the opening are adapted to receive the stub connection assembly and the insert assembly is adapted to fit within the crotch of the stub connection assembly when the stub connection assembly is mounted in the cavity.

Abstract: A connector apparatus for connecting a plurality of electrical wires of a standard size has a connector body having a cylindrical shape including an open end for accepting the wires, a closed end, an interior and an exterior surface. The connector body connects the wires and retains the wires in the interior when a twisting motion is applied to the connector body relative to an axis of the wires. The connector body is constructed of a transparent material that allows for visual inspection of the interior. A color marking for indicating the standard size of the wires is applied to a portion of the connector apparatus such that the interior remains visible for the visual inspection. A conductive coil can be positioned in a portion of the interior. The conductive coil has dimensions suitable for securely contacting the wires and aiding in the connecting of the wires.

Abstract: A fire resistant electric cable having a plurality of electrically conductive wires, each having a layer having a glass fiber strip with a mica layer glued thereon, the mica layer being coated by at least a glass thread braid reinforcing layer.

Abstract: A flex-rigid wiring board has an insulative adhesive interposed between portions, lapping over each other, of the rigid and flexible substrates; and the interconnecting electrode pads on the rigid and flexible substrates are electrically connected to each other through a conductor lump penetrating the insulative adhesive, thereby providing lowered inductance in the high-frequency band, shortened signal-delay time, reduced noise generation due to signal reflected-wave, reduced drop impact, high connection reliability and high freedom of wire connection, and the wiring board can advantageously be manufactured with a reduced cost and a high yield.

Abstract: A printed circuit board (PCB) substrate and method for construction of the same. In one embodiment, a first dielectric material is associated with a first current return layer and a second dielectric material is associated with a second current return layer. A signal path layer is interposed between the first dielectric material and the second dielectric material. An adhesive layer is interposed between the first dielectric material and the second dielectric material such that the adhesive layer is substantially coplanar relative to the signal path layer.

Abstract: A printed circuit board has a substrate formed of an insulator, a strip line provided on a front surface of the substrate, and a ground metal layer provided on a rear surface of the substrate. An opening is provided in the ground metal layer to reach the substrate. A radio wave receiving converter and an antenna device each include the printed circuit board.