Abstract: There is disclosed an image processing apparatus including (a) a reading portion which reads an image to obtain image data of the image, (b) a transmission-information display portion which presents, in a single screen, a preview image indicative of a content of the image data obtained by the reading portion, and a plurality of destination addresses, (c) an association setting portion which sets an association between the preview image and one of the destination addresses presented by the transmission-information display portion, which one destination address is selected by a user, and (d) a sending portion which sends the image data the content of which is indicated by the preview image to the destination address with which the preview image is associated, on the basis of the association set by the association setting portion.

Abstract: The invention provides an image processing apparatus capable of registering a paper fingerprint at a position that considers matching accuracy and security and a method therefor. The image forming apparatus executes: a paper fingerprint information acquisition step of reading a paper fingerprint; a paper fingerprint registration determination step of determining whether paper fingerprint information acquired in the paper fingerprint information acquisition step is suitable as a paper fingerprint for paper; and a paper fingerprint registration step of registering a paper fingerprint detected in the paper fingerprint registration determination step as a paper fingerprint for the paper.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus comprises: a first calculation section that calculates a plurality of spectral reflectances at a plurality of wavelengths based on intensities of light irradiating an object and reflected from the object, the light having a certain spectral energy distribution; a second calculation section that calculates color descriptor values of the object based on the spectral reflectances calculated by the first calculation section; a third calculation section that calculates a set of factors when the color descriptor values are expressed using a linear combination of a predetermined plurality of eigenvectors, factors associated with the respective eigenvectors, and either spectral energy of a reference light or theoretical spectral energy of a virtual light; and an output section that outputs the factors calculated by the third calculation section.

Abstract: A disclosed image scanning device includes a scanning unit configured to scan a document, and a white standard plate facing the scanning unit and configured to provide a white standard at the time of scanning the original. The white standard plate includes a guide plate having a plate-like shape fabricated by performing press work, where the guide plate faces the scanning unit; and a reinforcing member having a U-shape with bent ends fabricated by performing press work, where the bent ends are welded onto a back side of the guide plate.

Abstract: An image-processing system and a method for controlling the same, including an image-scanning device obtaining image data by scanning data written on a document, an image-processing device processing the image-data item and outputting as an output-image data, and a user interface including setting conditions of the scanning and the image processing, setting an item having a limit value, so as to determine whether or not, at least one of (1) the size of the processed image data, and (2) a time period from when the scanning processing is started to the output, should be limited based on an input from the user interface, changing at least one of the conditions based on the item, performing scanning for the document based on the conditions and the changed condition, and processing image data obtained through the scanning based on the conditions and the changed condition, and outputting the output-image data.

Abstract: Provided is a technique that makes it possible to extract the image of a document area from a read image with better accuracy. An image processing apparatus capable of achieving this includes a reading unit for reading a document, which has been placed on a contact glass, as read image data; a first area determination unit for deciding a provisional document area by subjecting the read image data to detection processing for detecting a document area included in the read image data; and a second area determination unit for deciding a fixed document area by generating binary image data in an area corresponding to the provisional document area of the read image data, and executing detection processing for detecting a document area, which is included in the read image data, based upon the binary image data.

Abstract: A box for an image reading apparatus, the box comprising a box body and a reinforcing member, the box body comprising a rectangular frame and a base plate fixed to the rectangular frame, and the reinforcing member being attached to the box body. The reinforcing member has a downwardly drawn area, upwardly drawn areas which are adjacent to the downwardly drawn area on front side and rear side for placing a reading block without interfering with the movement of an original document scanning unit and a cutout portion for disposing at least an image processing unit formed from the downwardly drawn area to end-of-scan side in the subscanning direction of the box body. An image reading apparatus having reduced thickness is provided by employing this box. An image forming apparatus in which height position of the image reading apparatus is set to such a height position that allows easy operation is provided.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a color converting part to convert an RGB color data of each pixel in a predetermined size block including an object pixel to a luminance information and a color difference information to be output, a color object detecting part to determine whether the object pixel is a color object pixel using a distribution characteristic of the color difference information of the block, and an image quality improving part to change the RGB color data of the object pixel if the object pixel is not the color object pixel.

Abstract: This invention relates to improved holograms, in particular suitable for security applications, and to methods and apparatus for their fabrication. A hologram storing a pair of images, the hologram comprising: a first stored image configured to replay at a first wavelength; and a second stored image configured to replay at a second wavelength different to said first wavelength; and wherein said first and second stored images are spatially complementary such that when replayed they appear together, substantially in register, and give the appearance of a single, substantially uninterrupted image.

Abstract: A method and system for preparing and using three dimensional optical ring traps. The method and system includes applying a single phase hologram to be able to independently control shape and force profile of an optical trap but without employing orbital angular momentum for the control parameter of an optical ring trap to manipulate an object.

Abstract: A hologram information reproducing device is described which can reproduce information from a recording medium on which hologram information is recorded, and which can be downsized. In one aspect, when light from a light source is emitted, the light is converted into parallel reference light, by a lens of an optical system. A mirror changes the orientation of the reference light so that it is oriented obliquely downward towards a recording medium. More specifically, as viewed from the top, the mirror changes a path of the light from the light source unit by approximately 90 degrees. In addition, as viewed from the side, the mirror changes the path of the light from the light source unit downward by approximately 45 degrees. Since an interference pattern recorded on the recording medium is a Bragg grating, when the reference light illuminates a recording area of the recording medium, a reproduction light is obtained by Bragg diffraction.

Abstract: A composite scanning unit for reducing speckle noise and a laser projection system employing the composite scanning unit are provided. The composite scanning unit includes a plurality of mirror surfaces disposed along a rotation axis, wherein at least two of the plurality of mirror surfaces sequentially scan diffraction beams having different orders on the screen.

Abstract: A compact optical scanning apparatus capable of desirably correcting an f? characteristic, a field curvature, and other aberrations, and an image forming apparatus using the same, which includes an incident optical system (LA) for guiding a beam from a light source (1) to a deflector (4) and an imaging optical system (LB) for guiding the beam to a scanning surface (7), wherein a scanning field angle region where ?1<?3 and ?2<?3 are satisfied exists within effective scanning field angle region, where in a main scanning cross section and for a scanning field angle ?1, ?2 represents an angle between a principal ray of beam incident on an optical element included in the imaging optical system and located closest to the scanning surface and an optical axis of the imaging optical system and ?3 an angle between a principal ray of a beam from the optical element and the optical axis.

Abstract: A hybrid electro-static actuator for rotating a two-dimensional micro-electro-mechanical micro-mirror device about two perpendicular axes includes a vertical comb drive for rotating the micro-mirror about a tilt axis, and a parallel plate drive for rotating the micro-mirror about a roll axis. The rotor comb fingers of the comb drive extend from a sub-frame of the micro-mirror, which is only rotatable about the tilt axis, while one of the parallel plate electrodes is mounted on the underside of a main platform, which generally surrounds the sub-frame. The vertical comb drive rotates both the sub-frame and the main platform about the tilt axis, while the parallel plate drive only rotates the main platform about the roll axis.

Abstract: A pixel array module includes a substrate, a pixel electrode array, a patterned conductive layer and a semiconductor circuit unit. The substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The pixel electrode array is disposed on the first surface of the substrate. The patterned conductive layer is disposed on the second surface of the substrate, and the patterned conductive layer is electrically connected to the pixel electrode array. The semiconductor circuit unit has at least one input terminal and at least one output terminal, which is electrically connected to the patterned conductive layer. A flat display apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: An electro-optical device substrate includes a first transparent substrate; a second transparent substrate that faces the first transparent substrate, the second transparent substrate including recesses in non-aperture regions of a surface of the second transparent substrate that faces the first transparent substrate, the recesses causing light that is incident to the non-aperture regions to refract toward aperture regions; and an adhesive that bonds the first and second transparent substrates together.

Abstract: A display device including a color filter having a multiple types of electrochromic dyes disposed on a pixel by pixel basis, the electrochromic dyes allowing reversible coloring or decoloring, and a light quantity control element for controlling an amount of light emitted to the electrochromatic dyes of the color filter.

Abstract: It is becoming increasingly imperative to harness solar energy due to the ever growing shortage of conventional energy sources. The instant invention is concerned with method and apparatus for the stable alignment of mirrors inside transparent micro balls with the plane of the mirror perpendicular to the aligning electric field for solar energy concentration and related applications such as optical switches, etc. Coupling of an applied perpendicular electric field with the induced dipole in a mirrored ball results in an unstable orientation. The instant invention circumvents this problem so that a stable orientation is accomplished, resulting in an increase in the percentage of incident light that is reflected to the receiver. Broadly, this invention deals with novel concepts used for alignment in the focusing of light wherever mirrors are used for focusing such as for solar propulsion assist, illumination and projection of light, optical switching, etc.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for manufacturing a microelectronic device and a microelectronic device. The method for manufacturing the microelectronic device, without limitation, may include forming a first mirror layer over and within one or more openings in a sacrificial spacer layer, and forming a dielectric layer over an upper surface of the first mirror layer and within the one or more openings. The method may further include subjecting the dielectric layer to an etch, the etch removing the dielectric layer from the upper surface and leaving dielectric portions along sidewalls of the one or more openings, and forming a second mirror layer over the first mirror layer and within the one or more openings, the dielectric portions separating the first mirror layer and the second mirror layer along the sidewalls.

Abstract: Systems and methods for shifting the phase of incident light to induce a continuous phase variation in an azimuthal direction. A phase mask assembly has a first surface and a second surface. The first surface and the second surface are configured such that the distance between the first surface and the second surface varies continuously in an azimuthal direction around the phase mask. This mask can be used in a coronagraph system to effectively suppress the on-axis star image for the detection of off-axis planets.

Abstract: An array of MEMS devices is formed on a planar substrate having in each of a plurality of annular regions or sectors a plurality of MEMS mirrors of substantially identical structure, wherein the MEMS mirrors in each region have an identical pre-tilt. The pre-tilt is achieved by embedding each dual-axis tiltable mirror within a pre-tilted microplatform or gimbal. In a specific embodiment, one microplatform of a preselected pre-tilt is provided for each micromirror and an underlying electrode is provided having a shape conforming with the pre-tilt. In a specific embodiment, the annular regions are contiguous elliptical or ovoidal regions. By pre-tilt, it is meant that the rest state or nonactuated state of the micro-mirror is such that a reflected beam from a fixed source is directed to the center of a target array.

Abstract: This invention provides a discretely controlled micromirror array device comprising a plurality of micromirrors. The discretely controlled micromirror array device forms multiple surface profiles, wherein the rotational and translational motion of each micromirror is discretely controlled by selectively activating different groups of segmented electrodes using a control circuitry. The discretely controlled micromirror array device is compatible with known semiconductor electronics technologies and provides structural stability and efficiency in motion.

Abstract: Systems and methods for shifting the phase of incident light to induce a continuous phase variation in an azimuthal direction. A phase mask apparatus includes a conical mirror assembly and a flexible annular reflector that substantially surrounds at least a portion of the conical mirror assembly. The flexible annular reflector is configured to receive reflected light from the conical mirror assembly. A plurality of driver assemblies are operative to deform the flexible annular reflector as to produce the desired phase response in light reflected from the annular reflector.

Abstract: An optical interference color display comprising a transparent substrate, an inner-front optical diffusion layer, a plurality of first electrodes, a patterned support layer, a plurality of optical films and a plurality of second electrodes is provided. The inner-front optical diffusion layer is on the transparent substrate and the first electrodes are on the inner-front optical diffusion layer. The patterned support layer is on the inner-front optical diffusion layer between the first electrodes. The optical film is on the first electrodes and the second electrodes are positioned over the respective first electrodes. The second electrodes are supported through the patterned support layer. Furthermore, there is an air gap between the second electrodes and their respective first electrodes.

Abstract: An electro-optic display (102), or a sub-assembly of such a display, comprising a layer of electro-optic material (108) on a backplane (100) is assembled using at least one release sheet (112, 116) or masking film having a resistivity not greater than about 1013? square. The use of such a release sheet or masking film helps to avoid damage to transistors in the backplane during the assembly process.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display includes first and second display substrates that are opposite each other and an electrophoretic layer and a contact sensor interposed between the first and second display substrates. When the second display substrate is pressed, the contact sensor connects a common electrode of the second display substrate with a sensing interconnection of the first display substrate such that a potential difference occurs at the pressed position.

Abstract: Provided is a reflection-type optical modulation module. According to the reflection-type optical modulation module, an anti-reflective thin film is formed on the optical input/output side surface of a waveguide to reduce optical coupling loss, and also a high-reflective thin film is formed on the opposite side surface to feed back a modulated optical signal. Thus, even when the length of an absorption layer is shortened, a sufficient optical path length is available, and it is possible to obtain a sufficient extinction ratio. Since the optical path length is sufficiently long despite a reduction in the length of the device, capacitance is reduced, and high-speed operation is enabled. In addition, only one lensed optical fiber for optical input and output is used, and thus it is possible to reduce production cost and the number of installation processes.

Abstract: An optical amplifier including an input port and an output port which are coupled together via a data signal line; an amplifier circuit; a gain control circuit coupled to the data signal line and operative for detecting the power level of a burst signal input into the optical amplifier at the input port; and a dummy laser generation circuit having an output coupled to the data signal line and an input coupled to the gain control circuit; where the gain control circuit is operative for controlling the power level output by the dummy laser generation circuit so as to maintain the power level of a signal input into the amplifier circuit at a substantially constant level.

Abstract: Provided are a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (R-SOA) and a superluminescent diode (SLD). The R-SOA includes: a substrate; an optical waveguide including a lower clad layer, an active layer independent of the polarization of light, and an upper clad layer sequentially stacked on the substrate, the optical waveguide comprising linear, curved, and tapered waveguide areas; and a current blocking layer formed around the optical waveguide to block a flow of current out of the active layer, wherein the linear and curved waveguide areas have a single buried hetero (BH) structure, and the tapered waveguide area has a dual BH structure.

Abstract: Airfield lighting fixtures, systems, and methods are described, including covert lighting fixtures, systems, and methods.

Abstract: Airfield lighting fixtures, systems, and methods are described, including covert lighting fixtures, systems, and methods.

Abstract: A projection objective provides a light path for a light bundle from an object field in an object plane to an image field in an image plane. The projection objective includes a first mirror (S1), a second mirror (S2), a third mirror (S3), a fourth mirror (S4), a fifth mirror (S5), a sixth mirror (S6), a seventh mirror (S7), and an eighth mirror (S8). The light path is provided via the eight mirrors, and in the light path exactly one intermediate image of the object field is provided.

Abstract: An illumination system and method of illuminating a surgical site are disclosed. One embodiment of the illumination system comprises: a composite illumination source, comprising a plurality of light sources operable to emit a plurality of collinear light beams; and an illumination lens, operable to receive and focus the plurality of light beams at a focal plane; wherein the plurality of collinear light beams are directed onto an off-axis portion of the illumination lens and wherein the illumination lens is aligned co-axially and confocally with an objective lens of an observation device. The light sources can be solid-state lighting devices, such as light-emitting diodes. The observation device can be a surgical ophthalmic microscope. The illumination lens can have a larger diameter than the objective lens, and the off-axis portion of the illumination lens can comprise a Fresnel type lens.

Abstract: A slide printing system includes a printer comprising a slide stage and a print head, a first locking mechanism configured to hold a first slide-holding repository, and a slide handler configured to rotate about an axis for transporting a specimen slide from a slide-holding repository held in the first locking mechanism to the slide stage.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a symmetrical projection screen. The screen includes a front screen member and a rear screen member. The front and rear screen members are made of a hard material, such as metal, or a hard film. Between the front and rear screen members is disposed a shock-absorbing member. The shock-absorbing member is made of a soft film having physical properties and material quality different from those of the front and rear screen members, such as compressed sponge, plastic foam, or poly vinyl chloride (PVC). The front screen member and the rear screen member are arranged in a front-and-rear symmetrical structure about the shock-absorbing member. Consequently, the deformation factors, such as external pressure or the change in the weather, are extinguished or cut off by the shock-absorbing member, whereby the flatness of the screen is maintained.

Abstract: A polarizing plate of the invention comprises a polarizing film; and a protective film bonded to one or both sides of the polarizing film with an adhesive layer or a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer interposed therebetween, wherein the adhesive layer or the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has a thickness of 52 nm or less. Demand of in-plane uniformity of the polarizing plate is becoming severe due to recent size increase and image quality improvement of liquid crystal display. The polarizing plate has less stripe-like irregularities and good in-plane uniformity.

Abstract: A wire grid polarizer includes a substrate adapted to transmit predetermined wavelengths of light, a plurality of dielectric wires extending parallel to one another along a first direction on the substrate, the dielectric wires including a dielectric material adapted to transmit the predetermined wavelengths of light, and a plurality of metal wires extending along the first direction between the dielectric wires, wherein sidewalls of the metal wires include portions in contact with sidewalls of the dielectric wires and portions not in contact with the sidewalls of the dielectric wires.

Abstract: Systems and methods for converting linearly polarized light to azimuthally or radially polarized light. A composite half-wave plate assembly includes a plurality of angular half-wave plate sections. Each of the plurality of angular half-wave plate sections have two congruent sides that meet at an apex. The plurality of half-wave plates are arranged such that the apexes of the plurality of angular half-wave plate sections all meet at a point substantially at a center of the composite half-wave plate, and a characteristic c-axis associated with a given angular half-wave plate section is aligned differently from the respective characteristic c-axes of at least two angular half-wave plate sections in substantial contact with the two sides of the given angular half-wave plate section. A fixation element engages the plurality of angular half-wave plate sections to maintain the angular half-wave plate sections in a desired arrangement.

Abstract: Systems and methods for attenuating light from undesired sources in a coronagraph apparatus are provided. The coronagraph includes a first imaging lens that receives light representing a desired image and an undesired central image and a reimaging system that mitigates the undesired central image. The reimaging system includes a composite half-wave plate assembly that includes a plurality of angular half-wave plate sections. Each of the plurality of angular half-wave plate sections have two congruent sides that meet at an apex substantially at a center of the composite half-wave plate. A characteristic c-axis associated with a given angular half-wave plate section is aligned differently from the respective characteristic c-axes of at least two angular half-wave plate sections in substantial contact with the two sides of the given angular half-wave plate section. A fixation element engages the half-wave plate sections to maintain the angular half-wave plate sections in a desired arrangement.

Abstract: A transparent film is disclosed. The film comprises a domain in which the Nz value in the normal direction of the film surface shows monotonous increase from 0 to 1 or monotonous decrease from 1 to 0, and having an in-plane retardation Re at a wavelength of 550 nm falling within the range from 510 to 610 nm, provided that Nz is defined as Nz=0.5+Rth(550)/Re(550), where Rth(550) and Re(550) respectively indicate a thickness-direction retardation and an in-plane retardation at a wavelength of 550 nm.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lens module, especially a projection lens for semiconductor lithography, comprising at least one replaceable optical element that is disposed in a lens housing. At least one gas exchange device is positioned in an area of the replaceable optical element in such a way that a receiving zone for the replaceable optical element can be flushed when the optical element is replaced.

Abstract: An exemplary optical plate includes a first transparent layer (21), a second transparent layer (23) and a light diffusion layer (22). The first transparent layer includes an outer surface (210) and a plurality of first conical frustum protrusions (211) protruding out from the outer surface. The second transparent layer includes an outer surface (230) and a plurality of second conical frustum protrusions (231) formed at the outer surface. The first transparent layer, the light diffusion layer, and the second transparent layer are integrally formed, with the first transparent layer in immediate contact with the light diffusion layer, and the second transparent layer in immediate contact with the light diffusion layer. The light diffusion layer includes a transparent matrix resin (221) and a plurality of diffusion particles (222) dispersed in the transparent matrix resin.

Abstract: A diffractive optical filter comprises a bulk material (1) having a first refractive index, a volume diffraction grating structure (2,3) having a second, different, refractive index embedded in the bulk material (1), and a mirror (4) formed within or on the surface of the bulk material (1) behind the grating structure (2,3). By placing the mirror (4) immediately behind the grating structure (2,3) the diffractive structure is effectively doubled and consequently the number of effective optically active layer is doubled. Such diffractive optical filters may be used as diffractive identification devices bonded to articles whose authenticity needs to be established.

Abstract: Providing a sighting device having a simple structure, being easy to manufacture and free from parallax. A sighting device comprises, in order from a target object side, a positive meniscus lens having a convex surface facing the target object and a negative meniscus lens having a convex surface facing the target object, wherein the surface of said positive meniscus lens that faces away from said target object or the surface of said negative meniscus lens that faces toward said target object is adapted to constitute a semi-transparent reflection surface or a wavelength selective reflection surface, and a point source is provided at a focal point of a catadioptric optical system constituted by said semi-transparent reflection surface or said wavelength selective reflection surface and a refracting surface of the negative meniscus lens having with the convex surface facing said target object, the refracting surface facing away from said target object side.

Abstract: An exemplary optical plate (20) includes a first transparent layer (21), a second transparent layer (23) and a light diffusion layer (22). The light diffusion layer is between the first and second transparent layers. The light diffusion layer, the first and second transparent layers are integrally formed. The light diffusion layer includes a transparent matrix resin and a plurality of diffusion particles dispersed in the transparent matrix resin. The first transparent layer includes a plurality of spherical protrusions (211) at an outer surface (210) thereof that is distalmost from the second transparent layer. The second transparent layer includes a plurality of depressions (231) at an outer surface (230) thereof that is distalmost from the first transparent layer. Each depression is shaped in the form of an inverted square pyramid. A direct type backlight module using the optical plate is also provided.

Abstract: An exemplary optical plate includes a first transparent layer, a second transparent layer and a light diffusion layer. The light diffusion layer is between the first and second transparent layers. The light diffusion layer, the first and second transparent layers are integrally formed. The light diffusion layer includes a transparent matrix resin and a plurality of diffusion particles dispersed in the transparent matrix resin. The first transparent layer defines a plurality of V-shaped protrusions at an outer surface thereof distalmost from the second transparent layer. The second transparent layer has a plurality of conical frustum protrusions at an outer surface thereof distalmost from the first transparent layer.

Abstract: An exemplary optical plate includes a first transparent layer, a second transparent layer and a light diffusion layer between the first and second transparent layers. The first transparent layer, the light diffusion layer, and the second transparent layer are integrally formed, with the first transparent layer in immediate contact with the light diffusion layer, and the second transparent layer in immediate contact with the light diffusion layer. The first transparent layer defines a plurality of conical frustum protrusions protruding out from an outer surface distalmost from the second transparent layer. The second transparent layer defines a plurality of conical frustum depressions at an outer surface thereof distalmost from the first transparent layer.

Abstract: An exemplary optical plate includes a first transparent layer, a second transparent layer and a light diffusion layer. The light diffusion layer is between the first and second transparent layers. The light diffusion layer, the first and second transparent layers are integrally formed. The light diffusion layer includes a transparent matrix resin and a plurality of diffusion particles dispersed in the transparent matrix resin. The first transparent layer defines a plurality of V-shaped protrusions at an outer surface thereof that is distalmost from the second transparent layer. The second transparent layer defines a plurality of spherical depressions at an outer surface thereof that is distalmost from the first transparent layer. A backlight module using the optical plate is also provided.

Abstract: An exemplary optical plate (20) includes a first transparent layer (21), a second transparent layer (23) and a light diffusion layer (22). The light diffusion layer, the first and second transparent layers are integrally formed, with the first transparent layer and the second transparent layer in immediate contact with the light diffusion layer. The light diffusion layer includes a transparent matrix resin (221) and a plurality of diffusion particles (222) dispersed in the transparent matrix resin. The first transparent layer includes a plurality of conical frustum protrusions (211) at an outer surface thereof that is distalmost from the second transparent layer. The second transparent layer includes a plurality of spherical depressions (231) at an outer surface thereof that is distalmost from the first transparent layer. A direct type backlight module using the optical plate is also provided.

Abstract: An exemplary optical plate (20) includes a first transparent layer (21), a second transparent layer (23), and a light diffusion layer (22). The light diffusion layer and the first and second transparent layers are integrally formed, with each of the first transparent and second transparent layers in immediate contact with the light diffusion layer. The light diffusion layer includes a transparent matrix resin (221), and diffusion particles (222) dispersed in the transparent matrix resin. The first transparent layer includes spherical depressions (211) at an outer surface (210) thereof that is farthest from the second transparent layer. The second transparent layer includes protrusions (231) at an outer surface (230) thereof that is farthest from the first transparent layer. Each protrusion is shaped in the form of a square pyramid. An exemplary direct type backlight module (200) using the optical plate is also provided.