Abstract: The present invention provides a LED mosquito trap lamp combined with a liquid mosquito bait. The mosquito trap lamp further includes a bait-drawing means and a bait-releasing unit for assisting the emanation of the bait. The combination of ultra-violet light and the mosquito bait for attracting the mosquitoes proves to be effective and safe as the ultra-violet light is provided by using visible light LEDs in combination of the filter and the liquid bait is nontoxic to human beings.

Abstract: A method of improving the low temperature properties of a fuel oil and minor amounts of (a) at least one polar nitrogen compound effective and (b) at least one polyamine detergent is disclosed. The method involves adding to the composition (c) at least one acidic organic species.

Abstract: A middle-distillate fuel oil composition is disclosed. The middle-distillate fuel oil composition includes minor amounts of a quaternary ammonium salt of a polycarboxylic acid; and a polyalkylene amine detergent. The concentrations of (A) and (B) endow the composition with better low temperature properties than a corresponding composition in which (A) is replaced with (Aref), an amine salt of a polycarboxylic acid analogous to (A) and which is not a quaternary ammonium salt; and the concentration of (B) is such that it would adversely affect the low temperature properties of (Aref) in the corresponding composition.

Abstract: A fuel oil composition is disclosed. The fuel oil includes a major proportion of a fuel oil and minor amounts of: (a) at least one polar nitrogen compound effective as a max anti-settling additive; and (b) at least one reaction product between a hydrocarbayl-substituted succinic acid or anhydride and hydrazine.

Abstract: An additive composition is disclosed. The additive composition includes a lubricity enhancer and a conductivity-improving additive. The lubricity enhancer comprises a salt formed by the reaction of a carboxylic acid with di-n-butylamine and the conductivity improving additive is the combination of: (a) a polymeric condensation product formed by the reaction of an aliphatic aldehyde or ketone, or a reactive equivalent, with at least one ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid with, (b) a copolymer, terpolymer or polymer of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: New, highly effective substantially pure Mannich detergents for use in hydrocarbon fuels reduce engine deposits in spark and compression ignition internal combustion engines. The Mannich condensation reaction products are obtainable by reacting: (i) a polyamine having primary amino groups, (ii) a hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic compound, and (iii) an aldehyde, wherein the reaction is conducted at in a molar ratio of (i):(ii):(iii) of approximately 1:2:3. The Mannich detergent compounds may be dispersed in a liquid carrier to provide a fuel additive concentrate for hydrocarbon engine fuels which effectively control engine deposit formation in intake valves, port fuel injectors and combustion chambers.

Abstract: Methods of using a catalyst preburner upstream of a catalyst burner, such as an anode tailgas oxidizer (ATO), in fuel processing applications. The methods prepare a hydrogen containing gas mixture which can be effectively combusted in a single ATO. The catalyst preburner will convert raw fuels into a gas mixture including hydrogen. This hydrogen containing gas mixture then mixes with the required air flow and anode tailgas and off-gas from a pressure swing adsorption unit before being introduced into the catalyst burner. The methods address the start-ups needs of an ATO as well as the requirement that an ATO be able to burn both liquid and gas fuels in a single unit.

Abstract: A plant growth array device includes an aerial growth chamber configured to receive aerial shoot portions of a plurality of plants and a root growth chamber configured to receive root portions of the plurality of plants. A dividing member is between the aerial growth chamber and the root chamber and has a plurality of apertures for receiving the plurality of plants therein. The plurality of apertures are configured so that the root portions grow substantially in a common orientation.

Abstract: A base is provided to serve as a platform on which a plant pot is positioned. The base includes a body forming an interior space divided into an upper compartment in which a water permeable board is received to serve as a top face of the platform on which the pot is positioned and a lower compartment in which is water collector is removably positioned to receive and collect water flowing through the water permeable board. Excessive water that flows out of the plant pot is allowed to penetrate through the water permeable board and is thus not accumulated on the board so that water stain does not appear on the pot. The water collector is located below the board to receive the excessive water and cleaning of the collected water can be done by removing the water collector through a side opening defined in the base.

Abstract: A planter insert extends the usefulness of a planter by creating a plurality of adjoined containers that fit within and conform to the inside shape of a planter, substantially filling its opening. The containers may be of uniform design and therefore portable and swappable, which facilitates modifying the arrangement of plants including those with different soil requirements and growing seasons. The containers may be adjoined using a locking system, a coupling system or any other means. A set of containers may be designed to fit around another object, such as an independent or center container of a different shape and size. Planter inserts provide maximum portability while minimizing wasted space often caused by gaps or support systems.

Abstract: There is described a reactor for entrained flow gasification for operation with dust-type or liquid fuels, wherein a number of gasification burners are disposed away from the reactor axis, with the center line of a gasification burner having an oblique position that is other than parallel to the reactor axis, it being possible for said oblique position to extend at different angles up to an angle of 90°. The center line does not necessarily have to intersect the reactor axis; rather the center line can pass the reactor axis at a predetermined distance. This arrangement is associated with a significant reduction in the unwanted discharge of dust-type fine slag, which is difficult to utilize, in conjunction with the possibility of reducing the reactor diameter due to its structure.

Abstract: A method of recovering an organic decomposition product from an organic source may include: a) causing an inert gas to flow through the reduction zone from a reduction inlet to a reduction outlet in such a way that pressure in the reduction zone is maintained above ambient pressure of a local environment for the material recovery system and b) applying electromagnetic wave energy to the organic source in the reduction zone via a bifurcated waveguide assembly in the substantial absence of oxygen to produce at least one gaseous organic decomposition product in the reduction zone that is exhausted from the reduction zone along with the inert gas through the reduction outlet. A material recovery system may include a housing with an inert gas inlet, a reduction zone, and a reduction outlet, an inert gas supply, an electromagnetic wave generator, a bifurcated waveguide assembly, and a controller.

Abstract: A catalytic reformer assembly is used to generate reformate from hydrocarbon fuels for fueling an energy producing source such as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) assembly or an internal combustion engine (ICE). In the case of an SOFC assembly, it emits a tail gas (syngas) from the anodes which contains significant residual hydrogen and carbon monoxide, is very hot, and is completely anoxic. Syngas is thus an ideal medium for vaporizing and carrying higher boiling point fuels into the reformer. At least a portion of the anode syngas is recycled into a fuel vaporizer/mixer ahead of the reformer and ahead of the entry point of air into the fuel stream, such that the fuel dispersed into the fuel vaporizer/mixer is fully vaporized and heated prior to being combined with air for exothermic reforming. In the case of an ICE, hot exhaust is used as the recycled carrier gas.

Abstract: A process for converting sulfur-containing carbonaceous fuel into a combustible product gas is described. The fuel, in the form of fine particles, is mixed with a first aqueous solution containing dissolved alkali metal carbonate at approximately atmospheric pressure to form concentrated slurry. The slurry is pressurized and fed into a gasifier operating at an elevated pressure. An oxygen-containing gas is also fed into the gasifier where it reacts with the fuel to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide-containing gases and heat the reacting mixture to about 900-1400° C. Oxygen combined with steam may also be used as the oxidizer to produce hydrogen-rich product gas. Alkali metal salts in the slurry are melted and absorb sulfur from the reacting fuel to form a liquid smelt containing alkali metal sulfide.

Abstract: An automotive door comprises an outer metal panel and an inner metal panel which are coupled with each other to constitute a door base construction. The door base construction has therein a clearance that is defined between the outer and inner metal panels. A module base is incorporated with the inner metal panel and has a swelled portion that is projected into the clearance. Due to provision of module base having such swelled portion, rigidity of the door is increased.

Abstract: A method of producing an abrasive cutting string provides for coating a plastomeric string with a solution of a solvent and the plastomeric material of the string, applying an abrasive and removing the solvent to thereby provide a cutting string with excellent abrasive bind and string coverage, that can be manufactured at high speeds.

Abstract: An aqueous solution of a metal salt to an alkaline aqueous solution to forma hydroxide or a hydrate of a metal, and the hydroxide or hydrate of the metal is heated at a temperature of 110 to 300° C. in the presence of water. Then, the hydroxide or hydrate of the metal is filtered and dried and then further heated at a temperature of 300 to 1200° C. in an air to form oxide particles such as the particles of cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide silicon oxide, iron oxide, etc. Thereby the particles of cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide silicon oxide, iron oxide, etc. having a plate-form shape and a particle size of from 10 nm to 100 nm in the plate direction of the particle are obtained. The non-magnetic particles, in particular, plate-form oxide particles of the present invention have a uniform particle size distribution, are less sintered or agglomerated, and have good crystallinity.

Abstract: An accessory for a rain gutter which directs over-flowing rain water away from the front face of a gutter is described. The accessory extends along the front wall of the gutter and also serves to cover any unsightly stains or discolorations along the upper edge of the gutter. The rain gutter accessory can be easily and quickly attached to new or existing rain gutters, by merely snapping the accessory into place. Also described are combinations of the rain gutter accessory and a rain gutter, and one-piece units of the accessory and gutter.

Abstract: Sloping panel assemblies are disclosed, for protecting coastal homes and other buildings against hurricanes or very high winds. Long waterproof panels with widths up to 12 feet, made with fibers from recycled carpets, can be rapidly affixed to anchoring devices that have been shallowly buried around the periphery of a building. After anchoring, the panels will lean against the eave of a building, creating an enclosed pyramid-like structure capped by the roof of the building. Wedge-shaped nose and tail sections can similarly be affixed to the ends of A-frame buildings. Hinged cover panels, over drainage trenches, can be raised and locked at a sloped angle, to provide windbreaks and floodwater drainage on the windward sides of coastal buildings.

Abstract: A self-adhesive flashing for integrating a flanged fenestration unit installed in a rough opening in a wall with a water resistive barrier where the flashing includes an elongated substrate having a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer adhered to at least one side of the substrate along a lateral edge of the substrate and methods for applying the flashing.

Abstract: The invention is a framed opening bracing system. The invention features frame bracing devices which attach to the framed opening and to the flooring or other surface of a construction job site. The devices attach to the frame via a versatile clamp unit or a corner support unit and extend to the floor via bracing arms. The corner support unit attaches via pressure applied at an angle to the frames corner and the versatile clamp unit attaches via pressure applied to the facings of the frame. The arms feature two levels of adjustment, a relative distance adjustment and a fine tune distance adjustment, which can be manipulated to set a framed opening to plumb and to keep the frame securely in place during wall construction.

Abstract: An automated deployment system for a flexible protective cover is provided. A first drive mechanism is connected to a flexible protective cover, including a drive cable that is connected at one end to an end of the flexible protective cover and spooled around a drive cable reel at the other end. The flexible protective cover is spooled around a roller bar which is connected to a second drive mechanism. A motor causes the drive cable to pull the end of the flexible protective cover, unspool the drive cable from the drive cable reel, and unspool the flexible protective cover from the roller bar. The flexible protective cover is configured to be secured within a track. A sensor, a controller operative to respond to signals from the sensor, and a braking mechanism may also be provided. The automated deployment system may be operated by remote control.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a molding system for use with accordion hurricane shutters which includes a top section, a bottom section, a first side section and a second side section each formed of a foam material such as polyurethane, polystyrene or the like. The sections are mounted to the walls of a building around an opening such as a window or door in a position to hide from view the upper and lower tracks of the accordion shutters, as well as the shutter panels when in the retracted position.

Abstract: A pedestal head 100 for a floor panel 101 comprises a base 110 for a lower part of a floor panel 101 and an upper support 111 for receiving an upper part 107 of a floor panel 101. The pedestal head 100 has a receiver or projection 118 for receiving and locating a corresponding projection or receiver 105 of the floor panel 101. The pedestal head 100 may be die formed from a single piece of metal.

Abstract: A flexible flashing for sealing a window, door, or other portal against the entry of water. The flashing includes a base member with a plurality of channels that are structured to direct water therefrom, and a face plate extends from the base member and permits the flashing to be joined to a vertical wall. The face plate includes slots or corrugations which permit the flashing to be curved or flexed to correspond to a curved portion of the wall opening.

Abstract: A floating floor tile installation and method of manufacturing the tile installation are provided. The floating floor tile installation contains tiles bonded together with a polymeric grout on an underlayment. The tile installation provides for a fast and economic method of installing a floating tile floor over an existing floor.

Abstract: A roofing underlayment comprises a reinforcing layer, which is extrusion coated on at least one side with an anti-slip coating layer. Preferably, the reinforcing layer comprises a woven polyethylene or polypropylene scrim. The anti-slip coating layer comprises a compound based on a styrene and ethylene/butylene-styrene, S-E/B-S, block copolymer, such as the compound sold under the trademark KRATON® MD6649. The anti-slip coating layer is low in cost and helps prevent water from penetrating the primary roofing material. In addition, the anti-slip coating layer provides an improved anti-skid surface upon which an individual may safely walk.

Abstract: An anchoring system for cavity walls is disclosed. The system includes a stud-type wall anchor and a wire formative veneer tie. The stud has a driver head, a dual-diameter barrel, and a driven tip. A flange at the juncture of the two barrels houses an interior seal; and a flange under the driver head, an exterior seal. The smaller diameter barrel is coextensive with the drywall installation; and the length of the larger diameter barrel, with the rigid insulation. The interior seal seals the insertion point into the drywall installation; and the exterior seal, the opening of the anchor-receiving channel. The interior seal and the larger barrel of the anchor fill the anchor-receiving channel and stabilize the wall anchor. Also, the wall anchor is clamped in place by the seals. The stud-type anchor operates with a variety of veneer ties for different applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to a prefabricated facade unit comprising a generally rectangular plate element, e.g. a glass plate, especially a laminated glass plate or insulating glass plate, and profiled elements that are disposed in edge areas of the plate. The profiled elements are configured as pair-wise mating support semi-profiles that project on at least two opposite narrow faces of the plate element from the plate edge areas at a generally right angle to the rear face in the operating position. The semi-profiles are provided with additional profiled channels for accommodating drive means for a wiper-type facade-cleaning element.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for an exterior covering capable of withstanding extreme wind loads. In one embodiment, a wind resistant exterior covering includes a first panel fastened to a substrate and a second panel fastened to the substrate. The second panel engages the first panel, and a clip fastened to the substrate is adapted and located to laterally restrain movement of the second panel with respect to the first panel. In another embodiment, a method of engaging panels of a modular exterior covering system includes coupling a protruding portion of a first panel with a respective receiving portion of a second panel. The coupling is such that the first panel is laterally restrained by the second panel and a clip, and the first panel is outwardly restrained by the receiving portion of the second panel.

Abstract: A shutter assembly having a foam insert or core enveloped by a cementitious or urethane-based shell. The shell can also be provided with an optional hanger member that allows the shutter assembly to be mounted to a dwelling via a bracket affixed to an exterior wall surface thereof. The assembly can be molded from a cementitious slurry including gypsum cement and water, or alternatively, from a two part urethane filled with lightweight fly ash. An appropriate amount of the slurry or urethane-based material is added onto a bottom mold surface portion to a desired depth. If the hanger member is to be used, it is placed onto the bottom mold surface portion prior to the introduction of the slurry or urethane-based material. The foam insert or core is placed atop the slurry or urethane-based material in a desired orientation, whereupon the top mold surface portion is closed over the bottom mold surface portion.

Abstract: An assembly, and method for constructing the assembly, to aid in the proper installation of shingles by providing panels of shingles and assembly guides that when followed, result in the installation of shingles that meet keyway width requirements, keyway alignment requirements, provide an aesthetically pleasing distribution of the shingles, and provides adequate ventilation.

Abstract: Hard panels formed from a wood-based material and having a decorative layer for floor coverings are provided, at least on two opposite edges, with coupling devices made in one piece with the panels wherein similar panels may be coupled together to form a floor covering, wherein these coupling devices provide for an interlocking in a direction perpendicular to the plane of coupled panels, as well as in a direction perpendicular to the edges concerned and parallel to the plane of coupled panels. These coupling devices are constituted of a tongue and a groove. The top side of the tongue has a protrusion that cooperates with a meshing recess located in the lower side of the upper lip of the groove of the coupling devices, and a portion extending generally parallel with the plane of the panel to form a contact surface cooperating with the lower side of the upper lip of the groove.

Abstract: The present invention provides a 100% bamboo plank with an interlocking system and associated manufacturing methods. In one embodiment, the 100% bamboo plank comprises first, second, and third layers of 100% bamboo, wherein the layers are laminated together. The layers are independently preconditioned to control moisture content therein. Each layer can be preconditioned by alternately elevating and lowering the moisture content in a plurality of sequential cycles before the layers are laminated together. The middle layer is oriented so its grain is substantially perpendicular to the edges of the plank. The plank had joinery portions formed along the edges, and joinery includes an asymmetric upper joinery member and lower joinery member arrangement for, and at least a portion of the upper joinery member and lower joinery member portions are formed in the second layer.

Abstract: A metal truss system comprising a pair of chord members of generally U-shaped cross-sectional configuration is joined together by a web formed of a single continuous piece having a wave shape. The apexes of the web are adapted to be received in each chord. The legs of the chords have inwardly recessed portions to form a narrowed throat portion, which provides a stop against which the apex of the web abuts. The resulting positioning of the web apex presents a maximum surface area for welding the web to the chord member. This enables an optimum amount of welding, while minimizing the weakening of the metal being welded. The configuration of the chords and web permits rapid fabrication of the truss.

Abstract: An adhesive insert includes a first end and a second end, and comprises a threaded portion at the first end, the threaded portion having a circular cross-section. A securing portion is provided at the second end, the securing portion including an anti-rotation structure formed therein which resists rotation of the insert under cyclic loading by the building element. The anti-rotation structure may be a triobular cross-section formed in the securing portion. Other anti-rotation structures are provided.

Abstract: A flexible fiber reinforced composite rebar structure includes a plurality of continuous fibers embedded within a thermoplastic resin. The rebar structure has an elliptical cross sectional shape with an aspect ratio of about two to one and a twist with a twist pitch of about 30 cm. The thermoplastic resin matrix enables the rebar structure to be bent in the field by the application of heat to soften the structure and thereafter cooled to return to a rigid state.

Abstract: A method for laying a foundation that includes the following steps (a) digging a foundation trench (2), (b) pouring concrete (4) into the foundation trench to a first level (6); (c) allowing the concrete to partially cure to a predetermined state; (d) pressing blocks (10) into the concrete to a desired level equal to the desired finish height (11) of the foundation; (e) filling the blocks with sufficient concrete (13) to complete the foundation; where the predetermined state of the partially cured concrete is such that the partially cured concrete allows the blocks to be pressed into the surface of the concrete without risk of sinking further.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for joining two or more components and/or construction parts, at least one of which consists of a dispersion-strengthened alloy having the following composition (in % by weight): C up to 0.08 Si up to 0.7 Cr 10-25 Al 1-10 Mo 1.5-5 Mn up to 0.4 balance Fe as well as normally occurring impurities by the fact that the cross section in the joint is enlarged by forging before joining and where the product manufactured according to the method can be used in high-temperature applications at temperatures above 900° C.

Abstract: A tile spacing tool is used to accurately space tile and comprises a first spacing rib having a top edge and a bottom edge and comprising a handle and a second spacing rib having a top edge and a bottom edge. The second spacing rib extends longitudinally along a perpendicular axis of the first spacing rib to form a generally cross-shaped horizontal spacing surface comprising the bottom edges of each of the first and second spacing ribs.

Abstract: A wood substitute structural frame member includes an elongated body formed of one of calcium silicate or magnesium oxide. The body is of a density that can accept fasteners without cracking or splitting. The elongate body has a first end and a second end. A reinforcing mesh is embedded in the body and extends between the first end and the second end.

Abstract: In a machine for filling box-like containers with articles arranged side by side and vertically, a station (1) forms a row (11) of articles (10), overlapped at least partially. An article feeding apparatus (2), functionally interposed between the outlet section of the forming station (1) and a filling station (3), operates between a rest configuration (I) and a work configuration (A). When in the work configuration, the apparatus transfers the articles (10) from the outlet section into a box-like container (4), placed in the filling station (3), and directs the articles in a vertical orientation, to define a prefixed filling condition of the first container (4). A conveyor (5) supports the series of box-like containers and is operated, in step relation with the speed of feeding of the articles (10), fed by the articles feeding apparatus (2), so as to move the box-like containers in a container feeding direction (G).

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing inflatable packaging pillows having a gas dispenser for dispensing a gas within a partially sealed inflatable pouch and an ultrasonic welding assembly comprised of a horn and an anvil for sealing the pouch after inflation of the pouch. The apparatus includes a feeding mechanism for advancing inflatable packing across the ultrasonic welding assembly. The horn preferably seals the pouch continuously without interruption of the advancement of the pouch. A method of manufacturing inflatable packaging including the steps of providing an apparatus for manufacturing inflatable packaging pillows, inflating a pillow, and sealing the pillow using ultrasonic energy. An ultrasonically sealable inflatable packing cushion made of a polymer film web having two layers bonded together at a wall that defines an unsealed pocket. The packing cushion is readily weldable to itself at the unsealed portion of the pocket through the application of ultrasonic energy.

Abstract: In a method and related capsule filling machine for producing sealed capsules (C), each defined by a body (1) coupled with a lid (2), the capsule body (1) is filled with a quantity or dose (3) of material, especially pharmaceutical material in liquid or powder form, and the capsule (C) is closed by placing the lid (2) over the body (1) so that their respective annular ends (1a, 2a) overlap. A sealing substance is applied to at least one of the overlapped ends (1a, 2a) of the capsule body (1) and lid (2) before the capsule (C) is closed.

Abstract: A compact system for packaging sterile pharmaceutical liquid products injectable into suitable containers in a sterile environment comprises a plurality of operative packaging stations connected together and arranged in succession along an advancing path of said containers; the plurality of stations comprises at least a washing station intended for cleaning and decontaminating each of the said containers, at least a sterilising station for sterilising the containers exiting said washing station, and at least a filling and sealing station for filling said containers with said liquids and for sealing said containers; said stations and a connecting arrangement thereof are mounted in an operating configuration on a sole work platform; the washing station and the sterilising station being arranged parallel and alongside one another, and connected together by a first conveyor of the containers arranged transversely to the washing station and to the sterilising station to define a first substantially “U”-shaped port

Abstract: A sealing heater for heat sealing a film onto a multi-compartment container comprises a heating block having a contact surface. The contact surface includes an outer sealing portion and an intermediate sealing portion. The outer sealing seals a film to a perimeter surface of a multi-compartment tray and the intermediate sealing portion seals a film to substantially all of an intermediate surface between the compartments of the multi-compartment tray. The outer sealing portion and the intermediate sealing portion defining recess perimeters in the contact surface that are positioned to correspond substantially to the compartment perimeters in the multi-compartment tray. A heating element is disposed within the heating block for generating heat at the contact surface of the heating block sufficient to heat seal the sealing film to the perimeter surface and the intermediate surface between the compartments of the multi-compartment tray.

Abstract: A sealing assembly is employed to clamp together layers of a layered web, such as two layers of flexible laminate plastic film, and to bond and cut the layers by applying heat and pressure. The sealing assembly may include a pair of jaws, one of which has a sealing head with a conductive knife protruding from a tapered dielectric supporting base. The knife has a high thermal conductivity relative to the supporting base. A current supplied through the knife heats it and the heat of the knife raises the temperature of the supporting base to a baseline temperature. When the head abuts the layered web, a spike current through the knife raises its temperature momentarily to melt through, and therefore sever, the web.

Abstract: A packaging system (10), and associated components and methodology, that provides for automatic detection of a full, overfull, closed or partially closed container, even when mixed with other containers. An exemplary packaging method includes the following steps: (a.) determining the dimensions of a container; (b.) detecting a height of the container and its contents in one or more locations within a scan area of an open side of the container; (c.) comparing the detected height of the container and/or its contents to pre-specified criteria; and (d.) when the detected height exceeds the pre-specified criteria, generating a signal that indicates that the scan area includes a height that exceeds the pre-specified criteria.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for wrapping a plurality of tubes which includes a plurality of supporting stations, each of which includes a pair of stanchions upon which pulleys are positioned. An endless belt is threaded along the pulleys and one of the pulleys is driven by a drive motor to move the endless belt to rotate a bundle of tubes positioned on the belt. A roll of stretch wrapping plastic material such as polyethylene is disposed upon a trolley movable along a rail. The polyethylene plastic film engages the exterior of the bundle of tubes and as the bundle rotates, the film is moved from the roll to encompass and wrap the bundle of tubes.

Abstract: Systems for enclosing at least one target product in a covering material, include an elongate product chute having an outer surface and opposing receiving and discharge end portions with an interior cavity extending therethrough and an elongate breech loading chute alignably positioned generally above the product chute, the elongate loading chute configured to direct at least one target product into the product chute.