Abstract: A light emitting device drive circuit includes: a power conversion unit for receiving an input electric power and performing an electric power conversion on the input electric power in accordance with a control signal so as to generate the predetermined output current; a current detection unit for detecting an output current IL of the power conversion unit; a temperature detection unit for detecting a case internal temperature TD, which is an interior temperature of a case for accommodating the light emitting device drive circuit; a regulation unit being operable to a) detect whether a temperature TL of the light emitting device has reached a first predetermined temperature TLmax based on TD, IL, and a temperature rise coefficient a relative to IL, the temperature rise coefficient a being set in advance so that TL satisfies a relationship of TL=TD+?·IL, and b) generate a regulation signal for reducing a predetermined output current IL0 so that TL does not exceed TLmax in the event that a result of the detecti

Abstract: For safety reasons, industrial lighting fixtures are required to have backup lighting systems so that if the primary lights should fail, there will still be enough light to ensure safe maneuvering. Typically these backup lighting systems have their own power or drive source. The present application contemplates a lighting ballast circuit that is able to power a primary high intensity discharge (HID) lamp and is also able to power an auxiliary lamp in the event of temporary or permanent failure of the HID lamp.

Abstract: An electronic control apparatus can be reduced in size and cost, and also improved in the reliability of electrical connection by eliminating certain parts such as a power board, etc. The apparatus includes a housing, a heat sink arranged in the housing, semiconductor switching elements mounted on the heat sink and having terminals, a circuit board arranged in opposition to the heat sink and having an electronic circuit formed thereon including a control circuit for controlling the semiconductor switching elements, and a plurality of conductive plates electrically connecting the circuit board and the semiconductor switching elements to each other. The individual conductive plates are arranged along a lead-out direction in which the individual terminals of the semiconductor switching elements lead out, so that they are bonded to the individual terminals.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a beam control circuit and method used to minimize particle contamination in an ion implantation system by reducing the duty factor of the ion beam. In one embodiment the beam control circuit comprises a,high voltage switch connected in series with a power supply and an ion source portion of the ion implantation system, wherein the switch is operable to interrupt or reestablish a connection between the power supply and an electrode of the ion source including electrodes for plasma production. The beam control circuit also comprises a switch controller operable to control the duty factor of the ion beam by controlling the switch to close before a start of ion implantation and to open after a completion of implantation or at other times when the beam is not needed, thereby minimizing beam duty and particle contamination. The beam control technique may be applied to wafer doping implantation and duty factor reduction.

Abstract: An ambient light sensor circuit and a flat panel display device having same that can automatically control screen brightness by sensing ambient brightness and controlling an output current.

Abstract: A vacuum fluorescent display (VFD) and a filament-driving method are provided. Two sub-dc voltages having peaks respectively interlaced with each other on the waveform thereof are used to drive the filament. A driving circuit is integrated in the integrated circuit of a VFD driver, a VFD controller or a VFD MCU. The VFD is able to operate without utilizing a transformer.

Abstract: A driver of an electroluminescent display includes a first signal processor adapted to receive clock, input and negative input signals and to generate a first output signal, a second signal processor adapted to receive the first output signal, a negative clock signal, a first negative feedback signal and a second negative feedback signal and to generate a second output signal, a third signal processor adapted to receive the second output signal, the input signal and the clock signal and to generate a third output signal, and a fourth signal processor adapted to receive the second and third output signals and to generate a fourth output signal, wherein the third signal processor includes a switching element for preventing first and second power voltages from being applied to the third output signal simultaneously.

Abstract: An AC inverter circuit supplies power to multiple lamps in an LCD backlight. Conventional AC power is used as direct input into a full wave rectifier that converts the input from AC to a DC reference voltage. A transformer driver, including a chopper, converts the DC reference voltage to a higher voltage AC which drives a step up transformer to produce a voltage sufficient to drive as many as six fluorescent lamps. The components/circuitry associated with the transformer's primary windings is optically isolated from the rest of the circuit.

Abstract: An improved LED lighting string employs a rectified and filtered device functioned as a low pass filter device to rectify input AC source into DC source providing to the LED lighting string for improving LED's flickering issue and to upgrade the optical power factor and efficiency, and luminous intensity in LED lighting string.

Abstract: A drive circuit for light emitting diode (LED) is provided, which is used to drive a plurality of LEDs to emit light. The LEDs are connected in series into a plurality of LED strings. The drive circuit includes a power converter, a detection circuit, and a report circuit. The power converter provides a driving voltage to the LED strings, and the detection circuit detects a string voltage of each LED string, and compares the string voltage with a default reference voltage, so as to determine whether the string voltage is different from the reference voltage (which indicates that the LED string is operated under a non-default state), and sends a detection signal to the report circuit. The report circuit receives the detection signal and outputs the control signal to the power converter, such that the power converter adjusts the driving voltage according to the control signal.

Abstract: An LED light string includes series-connected groups of individual LEDs or sets of LEDs, with each LED or set of LEDs in each group being electrically in parallel with each other LED or set of LEDs and with a parallel group device that regulates voltage within the group when LEDs in that group fail. The current to the LEDs is rectified, either in the light string plug or receptacle, preferably the latter. The color of each light in the group, or colors of each set in the group must be the same but successive groups can include LEDs of different colors. In an alternative embodiment, the LEDs can be oriented so that half light on during the first half of an alternating current cycle and the other half light during the second half of an alternating current cycle.

Abstract: Two LED arrays are connected in parallel, and the both ends of the parallel connection are connected to an alternating-current power supply AC. In each of the LED arrays, a capacitor and three LED blocks (the total of four components) are connected in series. In each of the LED blocks, two LEDs are connected in opposite directions. Connection points between components included in one of the two LED arrays are individually connected to connection points between components included in the other one of the two LED arrays via varistors. Even in the event that a disconnection failure occurs at any one of the LEDs, a path of a current via one of the varistors is formed for another one of the LEDs which is connected in series to the LED at which the disconnection failure has occurred. This can prevent the other LEDs from being turned off. Even in the event that a short-circuit failure occurs at any one of the varistors, the normal lighting operations of the LEDs can be maintained unless the LEDs have defects.

Abstract: Output optical energy pulses including relatively high energy magnitudes at the beginning of each pulse are disclosed. As a result of the relatively high energy magnitudes which lead each pulse, the leading edge of each pulse includes a relatively large slope. This slope is preferably greater than or equal to 5. Additionally, the full-width half-max value of the output optical energy distributions are between 0.025 and 250 microseconds and, more preferably, are about 70 microseconds. A flashlamp is used to drive the laser system, and a current is used to drive the flashlamp. A flashlamp current generating circuit includes a solid core inductor which has an inductance of 50 microhenries and a capacitor which has a capacitance of 50 microfarads.

Abstract: An exemplary switching power supply circuit (2) includes a power source (20), a pulse width modulation (PWM) circuit (21), a first switching circuit (22), a second switching circuit (23), a first transformer (25), and a second transformer (26). The first switching circuit includes a first transistor (221) and a second transistor (222). The second switching circuit includes a third transistor (231) and a fourth transistor (232). The first transformer includes a first primary winding (251) and a second primary winding (252), and the second transformer includes a third primary winding (261) and a fourth primary winding (262). The switching circuits are controlled by pulse signals from the PWM circuit. When the first and third transistors are switched on, the power source, the first primary winding, and the first transistor form a first closed loop. The power source, the third primary winding, and the third transistor form a second closed loop.

Abstract: A discharge lamp lighting circuit is provided. The discharge lamp lighting circuit includes an inverter circuit which has two output ends; a series resonant circuit which includes a capacitor, an inductor and a transformer, coupled in series; a driving portion; and a controlling portion which provides a control signal for controlling said inverter circuit, said controlling portion including a first signal producing portion which produces a first signal indicative of a phase of a current flowing through said series resonant circuit; and a second signal producing portion which produces a second signal indicative of a phase of the AC voltage output from said inverter circuit, said controlling portion producing the control signal on the basis of a phase difference between the first and second signals, wherein one component of said series resonant circuit is coupled between one of said output ends, and a detection point.

Abstract: There is provided an electrodeless discharge lamp lighting device with small size and low cost by simplifying a noise suppression part and a lighting apparatus having the electrodeless discharge lamp lighting device. A counter circuit of a frequency signal generating circuit repeatedly generates a frequency signal of which the amplitude is varied in a multi-step shape on the basis of an oscillation period of an oscillation circuit. An oscillation circuit outputs an oscillation signal of a frequency corresponding to the amplitude of the frequency signal. A drive circuit drives a switching element of an inverter circuit at the frequency of the oscillation signal and the inverter circuit applies a high-frequency voltage generated by the switching operation of the switching element to an induction coil to start up and light the electrodeless discharge lamp.

Abstract: A new ballast circuit for automotive high intensity discharge (HID) applications is disclosed. The ballast utilizes two DC/DC converters and two low frequency inverter switches. The ballast also includes an integrated high voltage ignition circuit. The positive DC/DC converter builds up a high ignition voltage in addition to raising the DC positive bus. When the lamp breaks down, the DC bus voltage decreases and the ignition circuit falls inactive. The DC/DC stages are then alternately conductive to supply power to the lamp via the low frequency inverter switches. The disclosed ballast reduces the number of switches used to four from a typical six, it utilizes independently controlled voltage sources, and provides a more efficient run-up voltage waveform during pre-steady state running of the lamp.

Abstract: New and advantageous methods related to the design and manufacture of pulsed power systems for a new generation of higher performance flash lamps are disclosed. A reliable and cost-effective pulsed discharge lamp power supply system is provided that promotes PUV lamp efficiency beyond that which is achievable by means of prior art, thereby similarly decreasing the loss factor for both UV radiation and overall electrical energy. Also disclosed is a pulsed discharge lamp power supply system that serves to help prevent lamp envelope fracture and/or light output degradation resulting from the deleterious effects of intense radiation pulses. The pulsed discharge lamp power supply system produces an electrical output that is dynamically impedance-matched with the lamp throughout the entire time span of and the transition sequence between all three operating modes, thereby creating the necessary discharge conditions for optimal lamp operation.

Abstract: Disclosed are a lamp igniter module and method of assembling a lamp igniter module. The lamp igniter module comprises a transformer carrier, a slide-in electrical connector, a pc board, and a housing. Assembly of the lamp igniter module is accomplished by initially inserting a transformer carrier assembly within the housing and subsequently installing a slide-in electrical connector which may or may not be attached to the pc board.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling an electric equipment is provided. The apparatus includes an input unit for generating a digital control signal carried on a power line to be transmitted to a power socket according to an operation of a user. The power socket receives the digital control signal through the power line, and determines whether or not to provide a power source to the electric equipment according to the digital control signal.

Abstract: A lighting unit having a light generating section and a base section is disclosed. The base and light generating sections are reversibly connected by a series of mating connectors. The light generating section includes a plurality of groups of LEDs and a mixing structure. The base section includes an adapter that connects the lighting unit to an AC power receptacle designed to receive an incandescent lamp or a fluorescent lamp. The base section also includes a controller that powers the LEDs. The lighting unit also includes a sensor that periodically measures a parameter related to the intensity of light generated by each group of LEDs during the normal operation of the lighting unit. The controller uses this sensor to control the LEDs. The lighting section can also include a housing that has the shape of a conventional incandescent or fluorescent light fixture or light bulb.

Abstract: An “LED” driving circuit comprises an “LED” driving voltage generator which generates an “LED” driving voltage, a pulse width modulation (“PWM”) control unit which outputs a “PWM” signal having a predetermined duty ratio, and a main switching unit which controls the driving voltage applied to the “LEDs” in accordance with the “PWM” signal. Further, the “PWM” control unit comprises a controller including an error amplifier which detects an error between a reference voltage and a driving voltage and amplifies the detected error, an oscillator which outputs a pulse signal having a predetermined oscillation frequency, and a comparator which compares the pulse signal output from the oscillator with an output voltage from the error amplifier to generate a “PWM” signal; and a high frequency damper connected to the main switching unit to prevent malfunction of the controller due to noise. A backlight unit and liquid crystal display incorporate the “LED” driving circuit.

Abstract: A back light unit for a display apparatus having a power supply includes: a lamp part having a plurality of lamps; and an inverter board which is provided on a path through which power is supplied from the power supply to the lamp part, and includes a connector assembly provided on one side of the inverter board, the connector assembly including at least one female connector in which a plurality of socket accommodators provided to supply the power to the lamps is formed as one body, and at least one male connector on which a plurality of socket connectors connected to the socket accommodators is formed as one body.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electric discharge lamp control unit which is capable of enhancing air-tightness in the electric discharge lamp while suppressing increase in the size thereof. The electric discharge lamp control unit for controlling lighting ON/OFF of an electric discharge lamp includes an electronic component in which a circuit element is implemented and which has a connector section for connection to an outside thereof; and a casing for housing the electronic component which includes a base on which the electronic component is mounted and a cover which covers the base. The thorough hole is sealed with the electronic components on the inner side of the base.

Abstract: An electric motor (100) for controlling the lateral displacement of a shaft (114) connected to a rotor (104) of the electric motor (100) is provided. The electric motor (100) includes one or more stator conductors (106) for carrying a current and one or more permanent magnets (108) to produce a magnetic field (504). The one or more stator conductors (106) interact with the magnetic field (504) when the power is applied, to purposely generate a force with an axial (Fa) and a circumferential component (Fc). The electric motor (100) includes the shaft (114) that travels along a rotor axis (506) in an axial direction when the power is applied, under an action of the axial component of the force. However, when the power is removed, the shaft (114) retracts under the action of a biasing force from a tension device (118).

Abstract: The present invention provides an electro-mechanical energy exchange system with a variable speed synchronous reluctance motor-generator having an all-metal rotor. A bi-directional AC-to-DC electric power converter interconnects the motor-generator with a DC bus. First and second hybrid controllers provide current regulation for the motor-generator and voltage regulation for the DC bus. Use of both feedback and feedforward control elements provides a controller particularly suited for operating high speed devices.

Abstract: A raindrop detecting device for detecting a raindrop amount on a windshield of a vehicle and selecting a wiping mode of a wiper based on the detected raindrop amount includes a controller for lowering the wiping mode when the detected raindrop amount is kept to be smaller than a mode-keep threshold while the wiper performs a predetermined number of wiping operations. The controller changes the predetermined number of wiping operations based on at least one of a sensitivity data of a user of the vehicle and a rainfall block data relative to the vehicle.

Abstract: In the magnetic absolute encoder, an ordinary operating circuit and an ordinary/backup operating circuit are actuated during ordinary operation in which power is supplied from the ordinary operating power supply; the single-rotation absolute value (1) and single-rotation absolute value (2) detected by these circuits are compared by the abnormality diagnosis circuit, and the presence or absence of an abnormality is automatically judged During backup in which the ordinary operating power supply is interrupted, only the low-power-consumption ordinary/backup operating circuit is actuated, and the multiple-rotation value (2) is detected At the point in time at which the system is returned to ordinary operation, the multiple-rotation value setting circuit sets the multiple-rotation value (2) as the multiple-rotation value (1) of the ordinary operating circuit. As a result, the calculation operation of the multiple-rotation value (1) can be restarted.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for controlling a vehicle driving assembly which consists in applying to a variable reluctance machine (6) a conduction angle setpoint value (??p), in regulating said conduction angle setpoint value (?p) using an additional angle conduction (??p) determined on the basis of a torque control measurement delivered by the driving assembly.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sensorless electric motor and a method of controlling such an electric motor, which motor comprises a permanently magnetic rotor, a stator having at least one winding, and a power stage for influencing the current flowing through the winding. As a function of a predetermined commutation duration (T_K), a commutation period is defined, during which period the direction of the magnetic field generated by current flow through the winding is not modified, during which period a commutation completion operation (107) and a commutation initiation operation (109) take place, and which period starts at a first commutation instant (t_KN) and ends at a second commutation instant (t_KN+1); preferably, commutation timing is adjusted, based upon a value of induced voltage picked up at a currently non-energized one of the winding strands, during a plateau portion (108) of a winding voltage trace, located temporally between commutation instants.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining the angular position (theta) of a rotor (2) pertaining to an electric motor (1) and comprising a number of pairs of poles. Said method consists of the following steps: a pulse pattern (PM1, PM2, PM3) with a pulse duration (T) flows through at least one stator coil (7) of the electric motor (1), such that the rotor (2) does not rotate by more than 90 DEG, divided between the number of pairs of poles, during the pulse duration (T); the angular acceleration (alpha) of the rotor (2), caused by the pulse pattern flowing through the at least one stator coil, (7) is detected; and the angular position (theta) of the rotor (2) is determined by means of the correlation between the flow through the stator coil (7) and the angular acceleration (alpha) of the rotor (2).

Abstract: Current command values are used instead of detected current values to estimate axis error by calculation. An axis error command value is generated according to a speed command value, and a difference between the generated axis error command value and the estimated axis error value is used to control an estimated frequency value.

Abstract: In a driving system for an inverter that uses a diode rectifying circuit to convert a single-phase or three-phase AC voltage to a desired DC voltage and drives a permanent magnet motor, a DC-voltage pulsating frequency is estimated from a pulsating frequency setting calculated from the power supply frequency of an AC voltage and the detected current values of the inverter, and the resulting estimated pulsating frequency value and detected current values are used to correct the output voltage of the inverter.

Abstract: A portable device comprising: a main body; a display and a keypad formed on the main body; a MP3 or MP4 codec formed within the main body; a memory coupled to the MP3 or MP4 codec; an audio process coupled to the MP3 or MP4 codec; a D/A converter coupled to the audio process; a solar cell array attached to an outer surface of the main body so as to be exposed to an external environment for generating a voltage when light is received. The memory includes nonvolatile memory or hard disc.

Abstract: A holder and battery charger system for portable electronic devices comprises a back panel and a releasably detachable front panel. The back panel itself comprised of a plurality of integrated sources of power for charging a device. Amongst the plurality of integrated sources of power for charging a device are: a flip out AC plug. a slide out USB connector sliding out from within the back panel. a car plug and a car plug sheath attached to the side of the back panel. a hand cranked dynamo and a dynamo holder that is attached to the side of the back panel. An interface connector electrically connects the universal holder and charger to the portable device. a belt clip connector with a releasably attached belt clip. a 9 volt battery snap connector.

Abstract: The present invention generally provides devices and methods involving electrochemical actuation. The devices may comprise at least one component capable of exhibiting a volumetric or dimensional change upon application of a voltage. In some cases, the volumetric or dimensional change may produce mechanical work. Some embodiments of the invention may provide devices capable of exhibiting high actuation rates and supporting high amounts of stress (e.g., in tensile and/or compressive loading). In some embodiments, the present invention may provide morphing structures that may be useful in applications such as airfoils.

Abstract: An electronic device identification system includes a rectifier bridge for providing an output DC voltage of fixed polarity from an input DC voltage of a corresponding or reverse polarity. The system further includes an identification component coupled across an input to the rectifier bridge. This enables identification of the identification component value via electrical detection circuitry applied to the input to the rectifier bridge.

Abstract: An electrical charger equipped with a plug (7) for cableless insertion into a wall receptacle, with a power supply unit and a fixture for holding an electrical low-voltage appliance that is to be charged and has a storage unit for electrical energy, characterized in that the charger is equipped with at least one adapter (4a) for a power socket of the low-voltage appliance and/or with a mount containing a primary winding for the induction of a secondary winding in the low-voltage appliance that can be accommodated on the mount.

Abstract: In this present invention, MP3 playing and charging system having an adapter for installing MP3 and dynamic speakers which includes a docking station and two speakers that can be used in attached or separated manner; two speakers that allow variation of speaker direction generating dynamic sound when attached; and a docking station that can be attached and connected to MP3 player with the use of MP3 installing adapter when connecting MP3 to the docking station is provided.

Abstract: The invention includes a circuit to monitor batteries arranged in a parallel battery configuration for charge/discharge battery circuit operation. The circuit selectively tests for each battery's presence in a battery holder or receptacle without interrupting circuit discharging operation, e.g., physical removal, and communicates a fault condition if the battery is determined to be missing. The inventive circuit enables existing or legacy control circuitry operating with the circuit to detect individual missing batteries where the legacy control circuitry is constructed to detect only missing circuit charge paths states.

Abstract: A voltage monitor circuit, wherein a high voltage is not applied to a monitor circuit even if a series circuit of plural batteries connecting a battery pack is cut off, is provided. When a current breaking switch is turned off, a high series voltage with reversed polarity of plural batteries is generated across the current breaking switch. Subsequently, a solid state switch with a negative voltage is turned off. Further, as a wire on the side of a battery pack monitor circuit also has a negative voltage, another solid state switch biased by a voltage of the wire is turned off likewise. Consequently, a high voltage is not generated between the wires on the side of the battery pack monitor circuit even if the current breaking switch is turned off.

Abstract: Provided are a semiconductor device and a rechargeable power supply unit which are capable of accurately detecting an overcharge state of a battery even in a case where the battery is charged with a sine wave charger. In a case where a 1/2 cycle of a charging voltage of the sine wave charger is shorter than a delay time for cancellation of an overdischarge state, when it is detected that a voltage of the battery in the overdischarge state exceeds an overdischarge detection voltage and becomes equal to or higher than an overcharge detection voltage, a delay circuit sets the delay time for cancellation of the overdischarge state to 0 seconds.

Abstract: According to one exemplary embodiment, an auto-synchronous power gauge for measuring total charge consumed from a power source of an electronic device includes an analog to digital converter for sampling a signal corresponding to current drawn from the power source, and one or more accumulators. The analog to digital converter produces digital outputs which are received and summed by the one or more accumulators. The auto-synchronous power gauge further includes a power mode detector for generating a power mode signal using the signal corresponding to current drawn from the power source, where the power mode signal is used by a controller to enable and disable the one or more accumulators and the analog to digital converter. The total charge consumed can be determined by a processor coupled to the auto-synchronous power gauge. In one embodiment, a sync signal from the processor provides input to the controller.

Abstract: A battery pack capacity adjusting device for adjusting a capacity of a battery pack having a plurality of secondary cells includes a control circuit board and a control section. The control circuit board is installable in the battery pack, and includes a capacity adjusting section to be electrically connected to the secondary cells to adjust a capacity of each of the secondary cells. The control section is configured to determine a number of the secondary cells whose capacities are adjustable together based on a relationship between a heat radiation amount of the control circuit board and a heat emission amount of the capacity adjusting section, and to control the capacity adjusting section to adjust the capacities of the number of the secondary cells that were determined to be adjustable together.

Abstract: In a battery exchange system for facilitating exchange at appropriate intervals of a chargeable battery with another fully charged chargeable battery for charging, a user device having characteristic identification information reads a serial number from a battery when the battery is installed and transmits to a control device correspondence information in which the identification information and the serial number have been placed in correspondence with each other. A charging device reads the serial number from a battery when charging of the battery has been completed and transmits the serial number to the control device. The control device calculates a scheduled charging time of the battery having the serial number that has been transmitted from the charging device based on the time of reception of the correspondence information that was transmitted from user device and, before the calculated scheduled charging time, carries out notification prompting battery exchange.

Abstract: A battery charging and power delivery system for a portable electronic device includes a first connection that connects the system to an AC/DC power adaptor. A second connection connects the system to the power bus of the portable electronic device. A third connection connects the system to a battery. A capacitor voltage divider circuit provides power to the system power bus through the second connection and provides power through the third connection. A controller provides control signals to the capacitor voltage divider and to the AC to DC power adaptor.

Abstract: An electric power generation system is disclosed that provides an AC electric power output with the target waveform period. A sequence of values is established that each represent electric current of the output for a corresponding one of a number of sequential time segments. A processor executes operating logic to process the values for each respective one of the time segments that includes: determining a difference between a first one of the values and the second one of the values for the respective one of the time segments, selecting the second one of the values from the subset of values corresponding to a subset of the time segments, and performing a comparison of the difference to a threshold. Based on this comparison, a transient condition can be identified and/or control of the system can otherwise be facilitated.

Abstract: In a device for detecting errors in a charging line, the device detects an error in the charging line connecting the vehicle generator and an on-board battery. The device includes a bias circuit, a charging line error detecting means, and a warning means. The bias circuit biases a voltage of an external terminal receiving the power generation instruction signal in the vehicle power generation controller with a voltage of an output terminal of the vehicle generator. The charging line error detecting means detects the error in the charging line based on a voltage of an output terminal of the power generation instructing means that is provided within the external controller and generates the power generation instruction signal and a terminal voltage of the on-board battery. When the charging line error detecting means detects the error in the charging line, the warning means performs a warning operation to give notification of the error.

Abstract: A voltage regulating system includes a generator, a battery, a warning light, a starting switch, and a voltage regulator. The voltage regulator includes an exciting driver connected to an exciting winding of the generator so as to excite the exciting winding; a voltage built-up/current leakage protection unit connected to a battery and the exciting driver so as to receive a battery voltage and drive the exciting driver for building the output voltage of the generator, while the generator at low speed operation.

Abstract: A power factor correction apparatus is for correcting a power factor of transmission lines. The power factor correction apparatus includes a switch, a compensator, a detecting apparatus, a voltage processing circuit, a voltage comparison unit, and a time-delay unit. The switch is electrically connected to the transmission lines. The compensator is electrically connected to the switch for compensating the power factor. The detecting apparatus is electrically connected to the transmission lines for detecting voltages transmitted in the transmission lines. The voltage processing circuit electrically is connected to the detecting apparatus and the switch. The voltage processing circuit includes a voltage comparison unit and a time-delay unit. The voltage comparison unit is electrically connected to the detecting apparatus for comparing the voltages with each other to generate a voltage. The time-delay unit is electrically connected to the voltage comparison unit and the switch delaying the voltage.