Abstract: Vegetable oil fuel system for diesel engines consisting of a diesel and vegetable oil system. When started cold, the engine 20 is supplied with diesel and when the engine reaches a certain temperature, which depends on the engine design, at this point the fuel supply will switch to vegetable oil. During normal operating conditions, the engine 20 runs on vegetable oil, which is heated by a heat exchanger 16 which is supplied by engine cooling water. In addition, the vegetable oil will be electrically heated when passing through the filter 15 during cold start conditions.

Abstract: One embodiment is a unique system for controlling EGR. Other embodiments include unique apparatuses, systems, devices, hardware, software, methods, and combinations of these and other techniques for controlling EGR.

Abstract: A two-stroke engine has a piston, mounted to be displaced in a cylinder, connected by means of a connecting rod to a crankshaft mounted to rotate about an axis in a crankcase that defines a crankcase chamber. The crankshaft includes a crankshaft duct that opens into the crankcase chamber which is, depending on the angle of rotation of the crankshaft, connected by way of an inlet opening in the crankshaft to an inlet manifold for an air/fuel mixture. The cylinder includes a transfer port, by way of which, the air/fuel mixture flows from the crankcase chamber past the piston into the working chamber based on the position of the piston in the cylinder. An increase in engine power is achieved by a gas mixing duct, a slot or a deflecting element arranged within the crankcase which improve(s) the filling of the crankcase chamber with the air/fuel mixture.

Abstract: The invention provides a segment type diamond tool capable of improving cutting rate and reducing the amount of fine debris generated during cutting by properly arranging diamond particles in a cutting segment of the diamond tool. In the invention, the layers of diamond particles are arranged such that cutting grooves formed on a workpiece by trailing layers of diamond particles are arranged between cutting grooves formed thereon by leading layers of diamond particles, respectively, in cutting of the work piece. The cutting segment has high-concentration and low-concentration areas. The high-concentration area shows a concentration higher than an average concentration and the low concentration area shows a concentration lower than the average concentration. Also, at least one low concentration area is formed on the leading and/or trailing section of the cutting segment. The diamond tool of the invention ensures superior cutting rate and reduced amount of fine debris generated during cutting.

Abstract: An apparatus for splitting masonry material which includes a frame and table vertically moveable in the frame, the table also having an attached lower blade, for supporting masonry material thereon to be split. An upper blade is positioned in the frame over the table in alignment with the lower blade. A hydraulic jack with an extendable ram is also supported in the frame below the table and is actuated by an actuating lever to thereby raise the table and lower blade combination to engage masonry material supported thereon between the upper and lower blades for splitting. A mechanism for quickly raising the table with its attached lower blade and the ram of the hydraulic jack for initial fast engagement of the upper and lower blades with the masonry material to be split is provided upon initial actuation of the actuating lever.

Abstract: A stove (or range) burner guard attached to the front of a gas or electrical stove (or range) by inserting the adjustable guard panel supports between the oven door handle and the oven door. The guard panel supports are secured to the oven by two identical holding devices, which are attached to the surface of the oven door. The guard prevents young children from reaching the burners, control knobs and cookware on the stovetop. The guard can be installed or removed in seconds.

Abstract: A grate bar and a grate for a stepped-grate furnace stoker. The grate bar includes a flat part whose top surface is used to receive the incinerated elements, and the extends into a rear end and a front end, each forming a return that acts as a support point for the bar. The bar also includes a longitudinal projection located under the flat part, and that extends at least partially between the rear and front ends of the bar. At least one angled cutting element or knife is located under the flat part, on a first side of the longitudinal projection, whose function is to facilitate the removal of the refractory materials that have accumulated progressively. The grate includes at least one bar or group of three bars. In the second case, the central bar in the group is mobile in relation to the two lateral bars.

Abstract: A device for warming a shoe is disclosed. An insole has a top cavity. A releasable shoe pad includes a top padding member and a recess between forward and rearward bottom portions. The device includes a thin metal member formed on the pad and including an intermediate conductive member, a forward conductive section extended from the conductive member, and a rearward conductive section extended from the conductive member, and a heater unit fastened in a space defined by the recess. The heater unit includes a fuel chamber, a combustion chamber filled with zirconia fibers, and a channel interconnected the fuel and the combustion chambers, the channel including fibers and a wick having one end immersed in the fuel chamber and the other end connected to the fibers.

Abstract: A unitary kitchen assembly and method is provided. A method comprises the steps of tooling an expanded polystyrene member to have circumferential surfaces and recessed surfaces, the recessed surfaces comprising a compartment for accepting a stove element, insulating the compartment in the expanded polystyrene member such that the stove element is sufficiently insulated with respect to the compartment to protect the heat integrity of the member at temperatures that the stove element operates, and providing at least one of structural load points or a urethane/quartz aggregate exterior coating for supporting the expanded polystyrene member for providing structural integrity to the member such that the member can receive weighted objects thereupon without compromising the structural integrity of the expanded polystyrene member.

Abstract: A fireplace box has one or more mirrored panel that covers substantially all of the wall to which the panel is attached to create mirrored images of a fire flame when a gas burner is in use. Each mirrored panel is mounted substantially flush to its wall and has a mirrored surface that can be flat, curved or have a complex shape and can also have a decorative design so as to give a visual appearance of emulating its wall. A mirrored surface can also be used with a fire pit, in which case it will also serve as a wall, and the gas burner of the fire pit can be raised to enhance the effect of using the mirrored surface.

Abstract: A solar collector has operably connected reflective panels that can be positioned to substantially form a parabolic trough that concentrates solar radiation onto a tube running along the focal line of the trough. A folding mechanism can be manually or automatically operated to selectively fold and unfold the panels into open and closed positions and into any number of intermediate positions, including the position characterized by formation of a parabolic trough. A rotating mechanism can be manually or automatically operated to selectively rotate the solar collector about an axis parallel to the focus line of the parabolic trough.

Abstract: A portable folding roaster comprises: a heating box, having a baffle disposed therein and a partition disposed at the bottom thereof, a heat source being disposed between the baffle and the partition, and the baffle having small apertures arranged on the surface thereof for facilitating heat dissipation; a folding leg stand, having a base there over for fixing the heating box, the base having a plurality of supporting legs pivoted there below such that the supporting legs may be opened or closed with respect to the base; and a roasting tool, disposed on the heating box, and being used for holding food materials.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an infrared remote controlling warm stove for outdoor warming which includes head, hollow upright post and base. The head comprises air mixing chamber, infrared hood, reflex hat, baffle, burner assembly and burner controlling device that are fixed and connected in turn on the upper end of the hollow upright post. The burner assembly consists of burner, parent burner, nozzle, motorized valve assembly, gas intake pipe and pressure reducing valve assembly. The burner controlling device comprises program-controlled circuit board, and battery holder, solenoid valve and motor of the motorized valve assembly electrically connected to the program-controlled circuit board, thermocouple, oxygen-lacking detector and ignition needle at the parent burner, the flame detector beside the fire hole of burner, infrared receiver board with buttons and overturn switch set in the lateral part of the air mixing chamber.

Abstract: This invention comprises novel application of a molecular separation process, including one or more of a membrane separation/filtration process comprising reverse osmosis, micro filtration, nanofiltration ultrafiltration and perevaporation and the like to several process streams obtained in process of production of for synthesis, purification or isolation of 1-6-Dichloro-1-6-DIDEOXY-?-Fructofuranosyl-4-chloro-4-deoxy-galactopyranoside (TGS), its precursors or its derivatives for achieving a separation of molecules in combination with conventional unit processes of separation.

Abstract: A fluid dispenser device including at least one individual reservoir (21) containing a single dose of fluid, such as powder, opening means (40) being provided for opening an individual reservoir (21) each time the device is actuated, the device including a dispenser chamber (70) for receiving the dose of fluid contained in a reservoir (21) after said reservoir has been opened, an inhalation endpiece (15), and an inhalation trigger system that comprises a deformable air-chamber (61) that co-operates with said dispenser chamber (70), said dispenser chamber being displaceable between a rest position and an inhalation position, such that during inhalation through said inhalation endpiece (15), said air chamber (61) is deformed, thereby displacing said dispenser chamber from said rest position to said inhalation position.

Abstract: An inhaling apparatus is provided with a fitting section for removably fitting thereto a liquid agent ejection cartridge. The liquid agent ejection cartridge comprises storage means for storing a liquid agent, ejection means for ejecting the liquid agent as liquid droplets, a suction port section to be held in the mouth of a user inhaling the liquid agent, and a liquid agent flow path for connecting the ejection means and the suction port section. The apparatus is portable and the cartridge is disposable.

Abstract: To provide a tracheostomy tube which can be easily attached to and detached from an incision site and in which sputum or the like does not readily longer, a tracheostomy tube A includes a lumen body 10 having an airway securing lumen 10b, a connector section 11 formed at the base end portion of the lumen body 10, and a cuff 13 which is formed on the outer circumference of the tip end portion of the lumen body 10 and which can be expanded and contracted. A circumferential wall 10a of the lumen body 10 defines a cuff-expanding lumen 15 which puts the surface portion of the connector section 11 in communication with the inside of the cuff 13. it also defines a suction lumen 14 allowing the surface portion of the connector section 11 to communicate with the surface portion of the lumen body 10. A coating layer exhibiting surface lubricity in moisture is formed on the surface of the tracheostomy tube A and the inner surface of the lumen body 10 in which the airway securing lumen 10b is formed.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for producing salt aerosol, suitable for treating respiratory diseases, the apparatus including a ventilator, a delivery pipeline connected to the output of the ventilator, the pipeline being connected to a throat for entering ground salt containing NaCl salt into the air streaming in the delivery pipeline for producing aerosol as a mixture of salt and air. The pipeline section is between the output of ventilator and the pipeline connection to throat the delivery pipeline is provided with a heating device and at the output of the delivery pipeline a collisional-ionization arrangement is placed.

Abstract: A device for furnishing a breathing gas at alternating pressure levels has a feeder to feed the breathing gas, a pressure adjusting device for triggering the feeder set-point breathing gas pressure signal, furnishes the breathing gas at a set-point, a pressure specification device for generating a pressure signal, and parameter-determination unit for furnishing parameters representative of at least of instantaneous pressure (p), progression of time (t), and instantaneous breathing gas flow (v). The pressure specification device includes a computer circuit configured such that, at least in the expiratory phase, pressure is adjusted on the basis of a dynamic or nonlinear pressure guidance function, which takes parameters into account that are indicative of the breathing gas flow and the progression of time. As a result, the tendency to lowering the breathing gas pressure in conjunction with the extent of the breathing gas flow decreases with increasing progression of time.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for determining the occurrence of an apnea, patency and/or partial obstruction of the airway are disclosed. Respiratory air flow from a patient is measured to give an air flow signal. The determination of an apnea is performed by calculating the variance of the air flow signal over a moving time window and comparing the variance with a threshold value. One determination of partial obstruction of the airway is performed by detecting the inspiratory part of the air flow signal, scaling it to unity duration and area and calculating an index value of the amplitude of the scaled signal over a mid-portion. Alternatively, the index value is a measure of the flatness of the air flow signal over the mid-portion.

Abstract: A breath-actuated nasal delivery device, comprising: a mouthpiece through which a user in use exhales to actuate the delivery device; a nosepiece for fitting to a nostril of the user through which a substance is in use delivered; a substance supply unit actuatable to deliver a dose of a substance through the nosepiece; a loading unit operable to load the substance supply unit with an actuation force; and a release mechanism for enabling actuation of the substance supply unit in response to exhalation by the user through the mouthpiece; wherein the release mechanism comprises a locking unit which is movable: between a locking configuration in which the substance supply unit is locked in a non-actuated position when loaded by the loading unit and a release configuration in which the substance supply unit is actuatable by the loading unit, and a trigger member for releasing the locking unit from the locking configuration to the release configuration in response to exhalation by the user through the mouthpiece an

Abstract: A device and a method for creating and/or maintaining an obstruction free upper airway. The device is configured to fit under the chin of a subject adjacent to the subject's neck at an external location corresponding approximately with the subject's internal soft tissue associated with the neck's anterior triangle. The device is capable of exerting negative pressure on the surface of a subject's neck, displacing the soft tissue forward and enlarging the airway.

Abstract: A safety device does not prevent any movement of the hand, wrist, or fingers; but discourages extension, the upward movement of the wrist. A “breakaway” property is provided so that the wearer may have complete freedom at any point. The device is worn to keep the user's wrist in a safe position least likely to induce carpal tunnel syndrome, reminding the user to hold the hand in a position which may relieve carpal tunnel syndrome or reduce the likelihood of acquiring this syndrome.

Abstract: A smoking article having a cylinder of smoking material and a central tube within the cylinder of the smoking material wherein heat is convectively transferred with smoke from a lit end of the cylinder of smoking material through the central tube to a mouth end of the cylinder of smoking material in each puff. A filter system is attached to the cylinder of smoking material, and includes a plurality of segments, wherein at least one of the plurality of segments contains flavorant and aerosol forming agents encapsulated in at least one breakable capsule.

Abstract: An ash tray for use with disposable ash collection vessels that receive and collect cigarette and/or cigar ashes and butts. The vessels may be inserted and removed from the ash tray to provide for ash and butt collection and disposal. In an exemplary embodiment, the vessels comprise previously used beverage cans that might otherwise be disposed of in land fills or thrown on the ground as litter. The ash tray comprises a lid that securely engages a base thereof to substantially prevent the escape of smoke therefrom. The ash tray further comprises multiple tapered funnels with flanges that extend into the vessels to direct ashes and butts into the vessels and to significantly block the escape of smoke therefrom. The ash tray still further comprises multiple slots for receiving advertising panels that advertise the goods and/or services of vendors, making the ash tray particularly suitable for use in commercial establishments.

Abstract: A smoking article comprising discrete segments of smokable material having an encapsulated flavourant contained within a component of the smokable material to provide a stable release of flavourant at different points during smoking, and in particular in the final puffs. The encapsulated flavourant is incorporated within a reconstituted tobacco material for ease of manufacture and for improved flavour stabilisation. A method of making a segmented smoking article having encapsulated flavourant therein is also provided.

Abstract: A method for defining a standardized procedure for a predetermined haircut comprises defining two or more sections of hair on a subject, defining two or more geographic checkpoints on the group consisting of the face, head, neck, and body, wherein each of the geographic checkpoints is generic to a large number of subjects, and defining at least one vector hairway, wherein the at least one vector hairway corresponds to one of the sections of hair and two or more of the geographic checkpoints, further wherein the at least one vector hairway defines a path upon which hair is cut. A code for use in defining a standardized procedure for a predetermined haircut and a method for giving a haircut based upon a standardized procedure are also disclosed.

Abstract: A cosmetic applicator having an actuator near its top which can be easily used with one hand having an elastomeric top seal is described. The cosmetic applicator is provided with a seal opening sleeve which protects the body of cosmetic from the elastomeric seal during opening operations and closing operations.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus designed to reduce the length of time it takes to add hair extensions and braid individual braids to a person's head. The present invention requires anchoring hair fibers to a weft creating an apparatus for quickly adding the look of individual braids without requiring one to individually braid strands of a person's hair. Creating this apparatus requires: (1) Braiding individual braids from hair fibers; (2) Using thread to stitch the individual braids together creating a horizontal anchor of Singles stitched together forming an apparatus we'll call a Braided Hair Weft. The present invention is a single apparatus that does not have multiple parts. It requires no preparatory work to make ready to apply to one's head because the individual braids come pre-braided and application is simple requiring a single step which is to sew it onto the cornrows on the client's head.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions for dyeing keratin fibers, for example human keratin fibers such as the hair, comprising 2,3-diamino-6,7-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-one or an addition salt thereof, at least one oxidation base, at least one coupler, at least one surfactant chosen from oxyalkylenated or glycerolated fatty alcohols, anionic surfactants of sulfate or sulfonate type and amphoteric surfactants of betaine type, and at least one oxidizing agent, the pH of the composition ranging from 5.5 to 7.5. The compositions disclosed herein make it possible to obtain a coloration on keratin fibers with tints in red, coppery or mahogany tones that are sufficiently visible on natural or dyed hair and/or uniform from the roots to the ends.

Abstract: A brush for applying mascara or the like, having a cross-sectional bristle array with two visibly distinct portions for respectively performing different mascara-applying and combing functions as well as for curling eyelashes.

Abstract: A brush for applying mascara or the like, having at least two separate bristle arrays, each bristle array forming a distinct portion of the resulting brush and/or providing for a different function, such as mascara application or combing.

Abstract: A comb has a body comprises a handle; and a hair retaining portion having a round shape with a plurality of hair holes; the comb hair portion being planted into the hair holes; the length and position of each hair being based on predetermined arc of the comb hair portion. A sleeve encloses the comb hair portion. The sleeve is made of metal, such as aluminum. Lengths of the comb hair portion are decreased from the two ends of the hair retaining portion so that the whole comb hair portion are concave from the two ends toward a middle portion of the comb hair portion.

Abstract: A powder applicator includes a reservoir for powder and a porous membrane tensioned over the reservoir. A portion of the powder is stored in the vicinity of the membrane, in a very open synthetic foam pad between the reservoir and the membrane and communicating with the reservoir.

Abstract: An oral cleanliness and gum massage device, which includes U-shaped end portion, at least one lower protruding body or side protruding body and a dental floss. The aforementioned U-shaped end portion is connected to a handle portion, and the aforementioned lower protruding bodies or side protruding bodies are disposed at a lower portion or a side of the U-shaped end portion. The aforementioned dental floss is positioned on two endpoints of the U-shaped end portion.

Abstract: The present invention generally provides a cost-effective method and apparatus for matching power source and transducer load impedances for an array of acoustic-wave transducers used in wet processing chambers. In one embodiment, a single radio frequency generator provides power to multiple megasonic transducers. Each transducer contains multiple piezoelectric crystals, and each processing chamber includes multiple megasonic transducers.

Abstract: A method and system for cleaning a substrate is provided. More particularly systems and methods that allows for precise tailoring of megasonics distribution at a substrate surface to be above the threshold required for particle removal efficiency (PRE), yet below the value which causes structural damage are provided. This method utilizes multiple megasonics transducers operated at very low power densities in a single substrate immersion processor. This method is shown to produce high cleaning efficiencies without damage to 45 nm devices. Further, sonoluminescence studies demonstrate that the transducers are operated in the single bubble sonoluminescence (SBSL) regime, well below the cavitation threshold for transient multiple-bubble sonoluminescence (MBSL).

Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning a wafer has a first chamber and a component coupled to the first chamber. The first chamber has a first input to form de-ionized water droplets. The component is coupled to the first chamber to further atomize and apply the atomized de-ionized water droplets on the wafer.

Abstract: A method of an in situ cleaning of an objective lens of a semiconductor apparatus includes placing a cleaning wafer having a detergent layer on a scanning stage of the semiconductor apparatus. A cleaning composition in the detergent layer is dissolved by using an immersion liquid (water), so that the cleaning composition reacts with the contaminants on the objective lens. Thereafter, the objective lens is rinsed with another solvent.

Abstract: A method for removing common contaminates or residues which include but are not limited to ionic residues, particulate residues and moisture from semiconductor wafers used in the manufacture of IC (integrated circuits), liquid crystal displays and flat panel displays. The process includes the use of certain esters or certain esters combined with particular co-solvents. The cleaning method may be utilized in a variety of cleaning processes or process steps and offers economic and performance advantages.

Abstract: A fluid cleaning apparatus and method for use with a fluid interface that has structure for creating a fluid flowrate of a selected fluid, wherein the apparatus includes a housing that has a surrounding side wall about a longitudinal axis, the sidewall defining an interior between proximal end and distal end portions. The proximal end portion removably engages the fluid interface with fluid communication between the interior and the structure for creating the selected fluid's flowrate, the distal end portion including an aperture that is in fluid communication with the interior. Also included with the apparatus is an agitation element that is disposed adjacent to the distal end portion such that the aperture is in fluid communication with the agitation element and an external environment, wherein operationally the agitation element helps to dislodge a particulate from a selected surface in conjunction with the selected fluid to clean the selected surface.

Abstract: A method of cleaning an industrial tank using electrical energy and critical fluid comprises the steps of transmitting electrical energy into an industrial tank to a first predetermined temperature, providing a critical fluid with a reactant or catalyst into the tank for diffusion into the contents of the tank at a predetermined pressure, transmitting electrical energy into the tank to heat the contents including the critical fluid to a second predetermined temperature to initiate reaction of a reactant in the critical fluid with a portion of the contents of the tank causing hydrocarbons and contaminants to be released for extraction as a vapor, liquid or dissolved in the critical fluid. A step of pressure cycling may be performed prior to a step of removing the contents of the tank including the hydrocarbons and contaminants. A further step includes separating the hydrocarbons, critical fluid, gases, and contaminants removed from the tank.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device for preparation and dispensing of beverages with a mechanism for initiating and carrying out a cleaning process. The device consists of at least one line, serving to transport the beverages to a beverage outlet and means for adding a cleaner for at least partial cleaning of the at least one line and means for recognizing the dose of cleaner. Furthermore, the means for recognizing the dose of cleaner contain means for measuring the pH value.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing residue on a wafer is described. A first solution is applied to remove a first type of residue from a metal mask on the wafer. A second solution is applied to remove a second type of residue from the metal mask on the wafer.

Abstract: A wafer processing system has a moveable drain assembly having multiple drain rings. The drain rings may be spaced apart sufficiently to allow a process fluid applicator to move between them. Each drain ring provides a separate drain path, optionally in a separate recirculation loop carrying a single process fluid. The drain rings may be sequentially moved into position to collect process fluid moving off of the workpiece. As a result, process fluids may be more uniformly applied and used process fluids can be separately removed, collected, and either recycled or processed for disposal. Mixing of used process fluids is largely avoided. A lower process fluid outlet allows for processing the back side of the wafer as well, without flipping the wafer.

Abstract: A disclosed substrate cleaning apparatus for cleaning a back surface of a substrate includes a first substrate supporting portion configured to support the substrate at a first area of a back surface of the substrate, the back surface facing down; a second substrate supporting portion configured to support the substrate at a second area of the back surface of the substrate, the second area being separated from the first area; a cleaning liquid supplying portion configured to supply cleaning liquid to the back surface of the substrate; a drying portion configured to dry the second area of the back surface of the substrate; and a cleaning portion configured to clean a third area of the back surface of the substrate when the substrate is supported by the first substrate supporting portion, the third area including the second area, and a fourth area of the back surface of the substrate when the substrate is supported by the second substrate supporting portion, the fourth area excluding the second area of the back

Abstract: A method and system for cleaning a batch of substrates is provided. The system includes a first cluster of vertical processing chambers, an IPA reservoir, and an IPA delivery system in fluid communication with the IPA reservoir and the first cluster of vertical processing chambers, wherein the IPA delivery system is adapted to transfer IPA vapor between the IPA reservoir and the first cluster of vertical processing chambers. In certain embodiments, the system further comprises a first main circulation tank, a second main circulation tank, a reservoir-cluster recirculation circuit in fluid communication with the first main circulation tank and the second main circulation tank and with each processing chamber in the first cluster of vertical processing chambers, and a dosing circuit comprising a plurality of additive sources in fluid communication with the first main circulation tank and the second main circulation tank.

Abstract: A sump assembly of a dishwasher includes a sump housing having a washing water storing portion, a water supply connector formed on a first portion of the washing water storing portion, and a heater insertion hole formed on a second portion of the washing waster storing portion, which is opposite to the first portion, a water infiltration preventing rib extending from an outer bottom surface of the sump housing, a heater inserted into the washing water storing portion, and a washing motor mounted under the sump housing.

Abstract: Rotor blades and hub of the impeller are cleaned by means of a cleaning fluid jet which is directed along the rotational axis of the impeller onto the impeller. The cleaning fluid jet in this case is directed, or sprayed, towards the impeller by a feed nozzle which is arranged on the axis and oriented in the direction of the impeller along the axis. The feed jet in this case follows the axis and therefore strikes the hub of the impeller in the rotational center of the impeller. This achieves the effect of the cleaning fluid striking the impeller in the rotational center of the impeller. The cleaning fluid flows, therefore, along the hub surface and is carried radially into the radially outer regions by means of centrifugal forces.

Abstract: A leakage preventing structure of a dishwasher is provided. The structure includes a wash motor with a motor shaft disposed at its center, a sump housing that the motor shaft passes through, and a scaling portion that seals the space between the wash motor and the sump housing. The sealing portion is an aircap that controls the water level of washing water introduced into the aircap by means of air pressure of air inside the aircap, or a sealing member coupled to the motor shaft of the wash motor.