Abstract: A system for alerting drivers and maintenance personnel of approaching commercial vehicles at train or maritime crossings and for alerting train engineers and ship captains of obstructions in the crossing. The system includes video monitoring and the ability to transmit one or more video feeds by broadband directly to the operators of the commercial vehicle. The system also selectively ties into a broader network to record data, such as traffic counts at the crossing based on relative size of the counted vehicles, or video for review and processing. Maintenance personnel can electronically provide contact information to the system so that the personnel are alerted via cellular communications when a train is approaching the personnel's work area. Properly equipped vehicles will also receive and transmit alert broadcasts to the system to further increase safety and notification times.

Abstract: A system for traffic control that may include a controller carried by a vehicle, and the controller providing vehicle location data and vehicle specific data. The system may further include a server in communication with the controller, and the server defining at least one traffic zone based upon traffic flow data. In addition, the server may use the at least one traffic zone along with the vehicle location data and vehicle specific data to determine a fee for the vehicle to operate within the at least one traffic zone.

Abstract: A system and method for displaying aircraft glide slope includes determining a glide slope deviation that is representative of a difference between a desired aircraft glide slope and an actual aircraft glide slope. A glide slope icon that is representative of the desired aircraft glide slope and a glide slope deviation icon that is representative of the determined glide slope deviation are simultaneously rendered on a display.

Abstract: A communication device may receive successive key inputs, determine an average time duration between successive key inputs, start a timeout, determine if a timeout was successful and adjust the timeout period based on the determined success of the timeout.

Abstract: An integrated removable functional faceplate for a portable computer system. The removable functional faceplate employs specially located electrical contacts or pads that mate with similarly located electrical contacts mounted on the portable computer system, e.g., a personal digital assistant (PDA) or other electronic device. The electrical contacts of the functional faceplate carry signals that are responsive to the pressing of physical buttons which may be placed in any location on the functional faceplate. This allows individual faceplates to be developed that are specialized for a particular purpose, e.g., extended keyboards, adapted for gaming, adapted for music playing, etc. The functional faceplates may have specialized button types that are adapted for a particular use and are also located in custom positions that reflect the particular use employed. When the functional faceplate is removed from the portable computer system, it may have no buttons or it may provide a standard PDA button group.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for allowing images displayed on a keypad of a networked phone to be dynamically changed are disclosed. According to one aspect of the present invention, a networked phone apparatus includes a dynamic keypad and control channel logic. The dynamic keypad has a plurality of dynamic keys that each display images. The control channel logic causes the images displayed on the plurality of dynamic keys to be changed. The networked phone apparatus may be a hardware based phone apparatus or a software based phone apparatus.

Abstract: A method for processing a chain reaction codes includes first selecting a source symbol which is associated an output symbol of degree two or higher (i.e., an output symbol which is itself associated with two or more input symbols), and subsequently deactivating the selected source symbol in an attempt to produce an output symbol of degree one. The inactivation process can be repeated either successively until an output symbol of degree one is identified, and/or whenever the decoding process is unable to locate an output symbol of degree one.

Abstract: A deserializer and method for deserializing data are disclosed. The method includes converting data from a serial data domain to a parallel data domain, detecting a comma related to the parallel data while the data is in the serial data domain, wherein conversion of the data from the serial data domain to the parallel data domain is made in relation to detection of the comma.

Abstract: A method of serializing parallel output from an analog-to-digital converter includes receiving a parallel output from an analog-to-digital converter; serializing the parallel output; and encoding the serialized output such that it is DC balanced. A system for serializing and DC balancing an analog-to-digital converter output includes an analog-to-digital converter that outputs digital data over a parallel bus; a serializer configured to receive said digital data from said parallel bus, said serializer serializing said digital data into serial output; and a means for encoding the serial output such that it is DC balanced.

Abstract: In a filter adjustment circuit for an analog filter circuit such as a Gm-C filter, an input signal IS from a reference signal generation circuit 1 is inputted to a Gm-C filter 2 to be filtered and then converted by a conversion circuit 3 to a digital signal. A reference signal RS from the reference signal generation circuit 1 is converted by a conversion circuit 4 to a digital signal. The two converted signals are held in time series in a holding circuit 5. A timing generation circuit 6 generates an update timing signal en based on a reference time-series signal ref from the holding circuit 5. A control signal generation circuit 7 generates a control signal CS based on the reference time-series signal ref and a filter output time-series signal tgt, each from the holding circuit 5. The control signal CS is inputted to the Gm-C filter 2 in response to the update timing signal en to adjust the gain of the Gm-C filter 2.

Abstract: A technique for reducing errors in a PTIC (parallel, time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter) consisting of M ADCs involves sampling an input signal with the PTIC and performing M different DFTs, one for each ADC. Elements of the M DFTs are grouped together according to frequency and multiplied by correction matrices to yield a corrected, reconstructed power spectrum for the PTIC. The technique is especially effective at removing gain and phase errors introduced by individual ADCs of the PTIC, including gain and phase errors that vary with frequency.

Abstract: The semiconductor integrated circuit includes: a plurality of macro cells; and a serial-parallel conversion circuit for converting a serial signal inputted from outside to generate parallel selection control signals during testing, or an A/D conversion circuit for converting an analog signal inputted from outside to generate digital selection control signals during testing. One or more among, the plurality of macro cells are selected based on the selection control signals and brought to a test operation state.

Abstract: A transmitter includes a plurality of devices which processes a transmit signal. Examples of such devices include a variable gain amplifier, a power amplifier and/or a modulator. Some other these devices are gain controllable. Some of these devices are bias controllable. Each controllable device receives at least one analog control signal (gain/bias) which sets operation of the controllable device. A logic circuit receives a specification of the analog control signal and generating a digital control signal based thereon. A digital-to-analog converter circuit converts the digital control signal to the analog control signal for application to the controllable device.

Abstract: A sigma-delta modulation sensing circuit and an analog-to-digital converter for an imager that eliminate the erroneous conversion of non-zero analog voltages to zero digital voltages is provided. The sensing circuit includes an offset branch that allows input of an offset voltage that is at least as large as a negative channel-specific offset found in a pixel signal voltage. The sensing circuit also includes a regulation branch based on a reference voltage common across multiple columns of an imager. The regulation branch has an adjustable resistance that is modulated during the sensing operation, which creates an adjustment current that is applied during the sensing operation to a reset signal. The sensing circuit and analog-to-digital converter generate digital code based on the difference between the reset voltage and the summed offset and pixel signal voltage.

Abstract: The A/D converter converting an analog input signal into a digital output signal is constructed with a band pass ?? modulator. The band pass ?? modulator includes: a resonator showing a band-pass characteristic at a predetermined frequency and an attenuation characteristic at another frequency; a quantizer; and a local D/A converter. A signal of difference between the analog input signal and a local analog signal of the local D/A converter is supplied to the resonator. The A/D converter further includes an adder for supplying the analog input signal to an input of the quantizer. In addition, signal transmission circuits for reducing the influence of spike noise of the quantizer on the input to the resonator are connected between an input of the adder and an input of resonator selectively. The A/D converter constructed with the band pass ?? modulator is improved in S/N ratio.

Abstract: A system includes a continual process for detecting specific data patterns and changes according to a configuration of re-definable and process generated variables. A coarse sample reference, a fine sample reference, and a data array reference are applied to provide independent control over the number of observable signal elements, the level of change that must be observed before detection can occur, and a memory array reference for data probing. A methodology provides near real-time access to specific information portraying the electrical behavior of raw data patterns from signal detector and/or converter circuits independent of a decompression process.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital conversion method includes the steps of outputting an upper-bit conversion reference signal, obtaining a digital value of upper bits on the basis of a period of time from a set time to the time when a magnitude relation between the analog signal and the upper-bit conversion reference signal is determined to be changed, generating and outputting a lower-bit conversion reference signal, obtaining a digital value of lower bits on the basis of a period of time from a set time to the time when a magnitude relation between the analog signal and the lower-bit conversion reference signal is determined to be changed, and determining a digital value of digital data converted from the analog signal on the basis of the digital value of the upper bits and the digital value of the lower bits.

Abstract: An operating device enabling recognition, even in a dark room, that an operation of an operating unit has been detected, whether or not a desired main device is operated by the operating device. The device 1 is connected to a main device 20 via signal lines K and G, and outputs an operation signal corresponding to an operation of an operating unit 2, to the main device 20 via the signal lines, and has: an operation detecting section 5 for detecting operation of the operating unit 2; a tube unit 9 having translucency and covering the signal line G; a tube unit irradiating section 12 disposed to emit light from an end portion side of the tube unit 9; and a tube unit irradiation controlling section 14 for controlling irradiation of the irradiating section 12 as operation of the operating unit 2 is detected by the operation detecting section 5.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and products are disclosed for a control unit. A keypad has a plurality of keys on a housing arranged for receiving an input. A CPU generates control signals to control multiple applications based upon the input received from the keypad. A memory communicates with the CPU and stores control signal data associated with the input. A removable face plate corresponds to each application, wherein the face plate covers keys that are not activated for the corresponding application.

Abstract: Various approaches to localized jamming of navigation signals are provided. In one embodiment, a navigation signal comprises at least a portion of a low earth orbit (LEO) signal provided by a LEO satellite. A noise source is filtered to provide a plurality of filtered noise signals in a plurality of frequency bands. The navigation signal is spread over a plurality of channels of the LEO signal. The channels are distributed over the frequency bands and a plurality of time slots. A pseudo random noise (PRN) sequence is generated. The filtered noise signals are modulated using the PRN sequence to provide a plurality of modulated noise signals. The modulated noise signals are broadcast over an area of operations to provide a plurality of jamming bursts corresponding to the navigation signal. The jamming bursts are configured to substantially mask the navigation signal in the area of operations.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for detecting emitter signals and for determining a scan strategy for a receiver system that receives such emitter signals. When detecting emitter signals of a particular emitter, the receiver may periodically revisit the portion of the frequency spectrum in which that emitter operates. The revisit time that the receiver uses for a particular emitter may dependent on certain characteristics of the emitter. One of these characteristics is the illumination time of the emitter. Some emitters may present more than one illumination time to a detecting receiver. This may occur, for example, if the emitter sweeps azimuth and changes its elevation angle. Thus, a system and method are provided for computing revisit times for emitters with multi-valued illumination times.

Abstract: The present invention is a radar platform that detects intruders and wirelessly reports to a key-fob. The entire radar platform is water-resistant and two banks of batteries are included for convenience or extended operation time. The device consists of a MicroPower Radar (MPR), a data acquisition (DAQ) element and a processor. Radar sends a short, low-amplitude signal of radio-frequency (RF) energy toward the target. This signal reflects from the target and is received as a Doppler change in signal amplitude. The radar's RF energy is in the radio frequency band and operates at much lower powers than many mobile devices such as cell phones. This Doppler System change in signal amplitude is filtered, amplified and presented to the DAQ. The DAQ converts the analog Doppler signal into a digital bit-stream and passed to the radar processor. Proprietary software analysis is performed to further filter and to make an alarm determination.

Abstract: Techniques for detecting contraband are described, as are techniques for generating an image of living tissue. A location of interest relative to a target space is received, and a radar signal is transmitted in the direction of the location of interest. Portions of the radar signal are detected with multiple receiving structures. The detected portions are processed to generate information corresponding to dielectric or loss properties, the properties corresponding to particular positions within the target space. A determination is made as to whether contraband is present in the target space based on the determined properties.

Abstract: A collision alerting and avoidance system for use in an aerial vehicle is presented herein. The system comprises a one low profile antenna array disposed on the aerial vehicle. A transmitter/receiver probe is coupled to the antenna array. The transmitter/receiver probe is configured to transmit electromagnetic waves and to receive an echo signal reflected from a threat obstacle. At least one transmitter/receiver module is coupled to the transmitter/receiver probe. The transmitter/receiver module is configured to produce electromagnetic waves for transmission and to receive the echo signal. A processor coupled to the plurality of transmitter/receiver modules controls the transmission of electromagnetic waves from the antenna array and processes the echo signal to provide an output signal containing information regarding the obstacle.

Abstract: A radar system including a base unit and one or more radar sensors. The radar sensor is capable of steering a beam in a scanning or tracking manner in both azimuth and elevation. Automated and independent control in azimuth and elevation may be achieved based on configuration settings in the radar sensor processor. The pan-tilt setting may be configured remotely by an operator at a base unit. The radar sensor may include a camera to take panoramic images of the terrain surrounding the radar sensor, as well as object-of-interest detected by the radar system. The radar sensor is able to transmit radar return information and camera images to the base unit. The base unit is able to display 360 degree panoramic images and superimpose lines indicating a scan profile of the radar sensor in relationship to the image. A user may graphically change the beam steering profile by drawing on the base unit display.

Abstract: Systems and methods for terrain contour matching navigation are provided. In one embodiment, a method for terrain contour matching navigation comprises: receiving at least one sample point representing the position of an aircraft, the at least one sample point including a horizontal position and an altitude sample; correlating a first sample point of the at least one sample point across a reference basket array having a plurality of elements; determining a correlation quality; when the correlation quality does not achieve a pre-determined quality threshold, performing at least one additional correlation of an additional sample point of the at least one sample point across the reference basket array; and when the correlation quality does achieve a pre-determined quality threshold, calculating a position error based on the correlating of the first sample point and any additional correlations of any additional sample points.

Abstract: Driver assistance system of a land or water vehicle that encompasses a long-range radar apparatus for the detection of distant objects and at least one short-range detection apparatus for the detection of objects in the vehicle's close proximity. The system further includes an operation control apparatus for control of operation at least of the long-range radar apparatus depending on a motion state of the land or water vehicle. The operation control apparatus is configured to deactivate the long-range radar apparatus at least at standstill of the land or water vehicle or switch it to an essentially powerless standby mode, while keeping the short-range detection apparatus activated.

Abstract: An on-vehicle radar device has a transmission section for transmitting a radio wave to an object, a receive section for receiving the radio wave reflected by the object, and a processing section for dividing an object detection range into three or more of a plurality of areas, setting a threshold of an intensity of the radio wave received for each of the plurality of areas, and judging the existence of an object by comparing the intensity of the radio wave and the threshold. This processing section sets, based on an auto-cruise control mode or pre-crash mode of the vehicle, a threshold of a part of an area in the object detection range to be lower than the threshold of the other areas, or changes the threshold of the detection area according to the object detection status.

Abstract: Method and apparatus to track a contact using a sensor in a two-dimensional radar system, determine a closest point of approach (CPA) for the contact, determine a time to closest point of approach (TCPA) for the contact, and estimate an altitude for the contact from the closest point of approach (CPA) and a cross line of sight distance during the time to closest point of approach (TCPA).

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and apparatus for tracking moving objects, such as ballistic missiles and aircraft, on the basis of discrete sensor measurements, such as radar reports and reports from optical sensors. In particular, but not exclusively, the invention is useful for the simultaneous tracking of multiple, fast moving, closely spaced objects, such as deploying ballistic missiles and raids of fast agile aircraft, in which the track dynamics of each object are modelled using a collection of autonomous, i.e. non-interacting, multiple dynamics models. Embodiments of the invention were particularly developed to be effective in tracking ballistic missiles using early warning radar, and similarly demanding and complex battle scenarios.

Abstract: A radar device has a wave projecting part for projecting pulsed electromagnetic waves to a target object in a specified direction at specified time intervals, a wave receiving part for receiving reflected waves reflected by the target object, an intensity measuring part for measuring the intensity of the reflected waves, a distance measuring part for measuring the distance to the target object based on elapsed time from when the pulsed electromagnetic waves are projected until when the reflected waves are received and also serving to determine a maximum reflection point at which the intensity of the received reflected waves is the largest, and a scanning part for varying the direction of the projected electromagnetic waves and the received reflected waves in horizontal and vertical directions respectively within a specified angular scan range.

Abstract: A Doppler shifted radar apparatus is disclosed for correct target identification with respect to surveillance of moving vehicles. More particularly, an improved system is disclosed that is fully programmable and configurable to a specific customer use such as a speed signal. One such configurable item is the output communications protocol. As an example, the customer can configure the speed limit, range, and/or direction of movement, standard or custom serial protocol and other unique features for a customer speed sign. Another feature is a real time clock to time stamp and store event data for future analysis. The apparatus also has a multi-voltage power supply for customer usage and versatility.

Abstract: A new method for transmitter-receiver design that enhances the desired signal output from the receiver while minimizing the total interference and noise output from the receiver at the decision making instant is presented here. Further the new design scheme proposed here can be used for simultaneous savings of transmit signal energy and bandwidth compared to any traditional waveform without sacrificing the performance level. As a result, compared to a traditional transmit waveform, simultaneous savings in transmit signal energy as well as the more “premium” signal bandwidth can be realized without sacrificing the system performance level in terms of the output Signal to Interference plus Noise power Ratio (SINR).

Abstract: A method for compensating for range gate slide with respect to received returns within a radar altimeter is described. The method includes adjusting the amount of overlap between a range gate pulse and a radar return signal until an altitude output by the radar altimeter is within a desired tolerance, and incrementally increasing an amount of attenuation within the receiver circuit of the radar altimeter until the radar altimeter breaks track with the radar return signal. the method also includes recording a signal strength and altitude output at each increment of attenuation, determining an altitude error for each altitude output, and fitting the signal strength data against the altitude error using a plurality of variable length line segments.

Abstract: An element support and thermal control arrangement for an active array antenna, preferably modular, using line-replaceable units (LRUs), includes a radiating-side liquid-cooled cold plate lying parallel with a liquid-cooled TR coldplate. Antenna elements are supported and cooled by the radiating cold plate, and a beamformer lies between the radiating and TR coldplates. A plurality of column coldplates are attached to the rear of the TR coldplate and define bays or volumes in which power LRUs can be fitted in thermal communication with the TR coldplate, the column coldplates, or both.

Abstract: A radar system configured to present plural echo signals in a mixed form includes an image mixer for determining display colors for individual radar image regions based on combinations of the levels of the echo signals obtained from the same locations. The image mixer classifies the combinations of the levels of the echo signals into a predetermined number of groups according to the number of the echo signals to be mixed and selects display colors for the individual groups as well as shades of each display color according to the levels of the echo signals to be mixed.

Abstract: A neural network process for improving wind retrievals from wind profiler measurements is described. In this invention, a neural network is trained to retrieve missing or incomplete upper level winds from ground based wind profiler measurements. Radiosonde measurements in conjunction with wind profiler ground measurements for specific geographical locations are used as training sets for the neural network. The idea is to retrieve timely and spatially continuous upper level wind information from fragmented or incomplete wind profiler measurements.

Abstract: A positioning apparatus that measures a current position by using measurement basis codes carried on satellite waves from a plurality of positioning satellites includes: a first phase error information generating unit that generates first phase error information indicating an error of a first phase on the basis of a frequency difference between a first frequency which is an estimated value of a receiving frequency of the satellite wave and a second frequency which is a frequency corresponding to a maximum value of a correlation value under a condition of the estimated phase; a second phase information generating unit that generates second phase information indicating a second phase by correcting a first phase information on the basis of the first phase error information; and a positioning unit that measures the current position on the basis of the second phase information on at least three of the positioning satellites.

Abstract: A data collection system including a portable data terminal and a base for receiving the portable data terminal. The portable data terminal having a first interface for receiving power and a second interface for connecting to a communication link. The base having a housing adapted to receive and support the portable data terminal, a power supply receiving power from an external power source and upon insertion of the portable data terminal into the housing supplying power to the first interface on the portable data terminal, a communication link adapted to interface with the portable data terminal, and a location determination device, such as a GPS receiver, connected to the communication link and supplying the portable data terminal with location data via the communication link.

Abstract: A method for detecting the presence of a deception signal associated with a satellite navigation system. The deception signal has certain “observables”, which can be used by a GPS receiver to detect the presence of the deception signal.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system for time management in a position-location system is described. The method may include (i) obtaining, at a global-navigation-satellite-system receiver while being served by a first node of a wireless network a first time base, a relative-time difference, and a third time base; and forming a time relation as a function of the first time base, relative-time difference (“RTD”) and third time base. The first time base is associated with the first node, and may be, for example, a time base associated with an air interface for communicating with the first node. The RTD may be a difference between the first time base and a second time base associated with a second node of the wireless network. The third time base is associated with a constellation of satellites, and may be, for example, an absolute time associated with the constellation of satellites. The method may include using knowledge of a GNSS time to enhance sensitivity or time to first position of a GNSS receiver.

Abstract: A data detection circuit within a global positioning system (GPS) satellite receiver operates to detect and decode data sent in a spread spectrum signal. The data detection circuit receives input from a radio receiver, the information containing data from a plurality of satellites. The data is supplied to a circular memory device, which determines which data corresponds to which satellite. The memory device sends the received signal to a matched filter, which decodes the signal received from each satellite. This signal is analyzed to determine whether a phase inversion due to data modulation on the received signal is present. The phase inversion can occur at boundaries, known as data epochs, in the received signal, and corresponds to data in the received signal. This data contains information relating to the position of each satellite and is collected by the data detection circuit for use by the GPS receiver.

Abstract: There is provided an antenna device of a radio apparatus, including a fed partial element, a folded partial element and an open-ended partial element. The fed partial element is formed to be extended from a fed portion to a first branch portion where the folded partial element branches off. The folded partial element has a grounded end and has a forward path and a backward path short-circuited to each other. The folded partial element and a path on the fed partial element from the fed portion to the first branch portion have a summed length of about a half wavelength of a first frequency. The open-ended partial element branches off at a second branch portion. The open-ended partial element and a path on the fed partial element from the fed portion to the second branch portion have a summed length of about a one-fourth wavelength of a second frequency.

Abstract: A printed antenna (10) disposed on a substrate (90) includes a feeding portion (12), a first radiation portion (16), a second radiation portion (18), a matching portion (14), and a grounded portion. The feeding portion feeds electromagnetic signals. One end of the first radiation portion is electronically connected to the feeding portion, and the other end of the first radiation portion is a free end. One end of the second radiation portion is electronically connected to the feeding portion and the first radiation portion, and the other end of the second radiation portion is a free end. The second radiation portion includes a plurality of radiation segments forming at least one space, and the first radiation portion is accommodated in the space formed by the radiation segments. The matching portion is electronically connected to the feeding portion, for impedance matching. The grounded portion is located adjacent to the feeding portion.

Abstract: An antenna device is disclosed that includes: an element member; a ground member; and an adhesive through which the element member and the ground member are held in a predetermined positional relationship and affixed to a mounting object.

Abstract: An antenna including a rectangular ground plane, a feed point disposed in a vicinity of a corner of the ground plane, an antenna element coupled to the feed point, and a parasitic element coupled to the ground plane. In this antenna, the shortest length from the feed point to a distant narrow side of the ground plane and a shortest length from the feed point to a tip of the parasitic element via the ground plane have substantially the same electrical length. Such a configuration can correspond to a small and thin size and reduce SAR easily.

Abstract: An antenna (1) for communication with a multitude of transponder % (6a . . . 6c) is provided, the antenna (1) having an antenna conductor (2) which completely encloses at least one read/write region (4c) intended for a transponder (6c) individually and/or, when a multitude of read/write regions (4a, 4b) are arranged within a continuous inner region (3) enclosed by the antenna conductor (2), the inner region (3) has constrictions (5a) between the read/write regions (4a, 4b) so that the antenna conductor (2) largely encloses these read/write regions (4a, 4b) individually. The electromagnetic field radiated by the antenna (1) is thereby concentrated on the read/write regions (4a . . . 4c).

Abstract: Disclosed is an antenna device arranged inside a display module of an electronic device with a conductive portion. The antenna device includes an antenna element with a ground plane and a signal feeding end for transceiving a wireless signal, an antenna signal feeding line coupled to the signal feeding end of the antenna element for feeding the wireless signal transceived by the antenna element.

Abstract: A shunt antenna mountable on an aircraft comprises a lower plate, an antenna element formed above the lower plate and integrated within a dorsal fin of the aircraft where the antenna element is substantially slant relative to the lower plate; one or more couplers formed on the lower plate and operatively connected to a lower forward end of the antenna element. The couplers transmit radio frequency signals to the antenna element, and the antenna element and the lower plate are separated by air to produce a capacitor effect.

Abstract: A conformal antenna comprising: an electrically neutral airframe; metalized fabric covering said airframe; and transmission lines attached to said metalized fabric to connect to a transceiver.