Abstract: An NOX occluding and reducing catalyst 7 is arranged in an exhaust gas passage 2 of an engine 1 so as to occlude, reduce and purify NOX contained in an exhaust gas. An H2 sensor 33 is arranged in the exhaust gas passage on a downstream side of the NOX occluding and reducing catalyst 7 and a hydrogen component concentration of the exhaust gas is detected. When an amount of NOX occluded in the NOX occluding and reducing catalyst is increased to a predetermined value, an electronic control unit (ECU) 30 of the engine operates the engine at a rich air-fuel ratio, and a regenerating operation, by which a rich air-fuel ratio exhaust gas is supplied to the NOX occluding and reducing catalyst, is executed so as to reduce and purify NOX which is occluded in the NOX occluding and reducing catalyst. At the time of executing the regenerating operation, when the H2 sensor 33 detects hydrogen components in the exhaust gas, ECU 30 finishes the regenerating operation.

Abstract: A magnetic exhaust system is provided for facilitating the conducting of at least some of the exhaust gases, created by an internal combustion engine powered apparatus, such as an auxiliary electrical generator, from the engine's exhaust to a position external to an enclosure in which the apparatus is situated. The magnetic exhaust system is releasably connectable to the engine, and is configured to be applied to a wide range of apparatus and enclosure configurations.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for regulating a hydrostatic drive system which has at least one pump which is driven by an internal combustion engine and at least one hydraulic motor which is driven by the pump, and comprises the method steps: determining the volume flow rate flowing through the hydraulic motor; determining a first adjustment nominal value for the hydraulic motor as a function of the previously determined volume flow rate rate; determining a second adjustment nominal value by modifying the first adjustment nominal value by a correction value which is determined as a function of the nominal/actual value deviation of the internal combustion engine rotational speed by means of a vehicle-specific characteristic curve which incorporates the different power profiles for traction and overrun operation, respectively, of the internal combustion engine, with the hydraulic motor being adjusted in such a way that a substantially constant pressure level is generated at the maximum power level of the in

Abstract: In order to provide a tubular moulding with a wall, which has high compressive strength and high mechanical stability with good temperature resistance and good chemical resistance, it is proposed that the wall comprises a composite, which comprises a plastics material layer, which is formed from a material containing a fluoropolymer material, and a reinforcement layer.

Abstract: A device for turbocharging an internal combustion engine including a turbocompessor including a turbine driven by the engine exhaust gas and a compressor driven by the turbine and compresses the engine intake air. An air intake conduit connects the compressor output to an air intake manifold to the engine and includes a chamber for damping pulsations generated at the compressor output. The damping chamber is connected directly to the compressor output.

Abstract: A complex fluid machine has an expansion-compressor device, a pump, and a motor generator, wherein the expansion-compressor device, the pump, and the motor generator are operatively connected and arranged in series, and a power transmitting device for disconnecting the pump from the motor generator, when the expansion-compressor device is driven by the motor generator so as to be operated as a compressor device.

Abstract: A fuel manifold is provided for receiving a flow of fuel from a fuel source and delivering the flow of fuel to a rotary fuel slinger. The fuel manifold can include a housing having an end face and defining a cavity for receiving the flow of fuel; at least one exit orifice formed in the housing end face and in fluid communication with the cavity; and a fuel drip guide extending from the end face.

Abstract: A gas turbine combustor includes a pilot burner, a plurality of main burners disposed around the main burners on the radially outer side. Each of the main burners (2) includes an extension tube disposed at the downstream end. The outlet of the extension tube is shaped to have a radial edge which is parallel to the radial direction. In this manner, occurrence of flashback is effectively prevented.

Abstract: A method of generating power and a fuel for use in a gas turbogenerator power system are disclosed. The method comprises injecting lignin residue derived from the enzymatic hydrolysis of a biomass feedstock and natural gas into a combustor of a gas turbine power generator; combusting the lignin residue and natural gas with compressed air; inputting the resultant gases into a gas turbine to rotate a turbine shaft and generate rotational energy; and converting the rotational energy into electrical energy. The lignin residue is preferably derived from a process of simultaneous sachrification and fermentation of the biomass feedstock. The lignin residue is preferably transported to the combustor in a pipeline with pressurized air. The fuel comprises a mixture of lignin residue derived from the enzymatic hydrolysis of a biomass feedstock and natural gas. Preferably, the lignin residue is derived from a process for the simultaneous sachrification and fermentation of the biomass feedstock.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the invention, a system for controlling the temperature of water in a water reservoir includes a water reservoir, an inlet operable to deliver water to the water reservoir, an outlet operable to dispense at least a portion of the water from the water reservoir, and a staged water cooler having a first thermoelectric cooler stage coupled to a second thermoelectric cooler stage, the staged water cooler operable to control the temperature of the water in the water reservoir.

Abstract: A detector, in particular an IR detector in the seeker head of a guided missile, is cooled with expanding gas generated by depressurizing a pressurized fluid. A mixture which forms a positive azeotrope, including argon or nitrogen as a main component and at least one alkane as a secondary component, is expanded as the fluid. The composition is preferably in the region of a eutectic mixture in order to avoid a component freezing adjacent to the expansion nozzle. This makes it possible to considerably extend the life of the cooler in comparison to that when using pure cooling gases such as nitrogen or argon, and to cool the detector down more quickly, subject to the same constraints.

Abstract: A cryopump cooled by a GM type refrigerator is disclosed in which the cold (second stage) cryopanel(s) are in planes that are pitched parallel to the axis of the expander cylinder; the cold end of the first stage expansion space is close to the point where the expander cylinder enters the vacuum housing that contains the cryopanels; and a drain system removes all the liquid argon and water flowing out through a vent port for two orientations of the cryopump.

Abstract: A refrigeration system includes a compressor for driving a refrigerant along a flow path in at least a first mode of system operation; a first heat exchanger along the flow path downstream of the compressor in the first mode; a second heat exchanger along the flow path upstream of the compressor in the first mode; and a pressure regulator or expansion device in the flow path downstream of the first heat exchanger and upstream of the second heat exchanger in the first mode, wherein the first heat exchanger is positioned within a housing which defines a flow path for heat exchange fluid and the housing defines a zone of reduced flow area along the flow path, and wherein the first heat exchanger is positioned in the zone of reduced flow area.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and an apparatus for producing a fluid ice, wherein the temperature, the thickness and the grain size of the fluid ice is controlled. This is done by mixing ice together with at least two liquid phases, and stirring the mix together, wherein the stirring is maintained until the desired grain size and the desired temperature of the fluid ice is obtained.

Abstract: A bottle cooler system (20, 70, 100) includes a compressor (22), a first heat exchanger (24) and a second heat exchanger (28). In a cooling mode of operation, the second heat exchanger is downstream of the first heat exchanger and upstream of the compressor to cool contents of an interior volume. In a defrost mode of operation, refrigerant in the second heat exchanger is used to defrost an ice build-up on the second heat exchanger.

Abstract: In a storage type air conditioning system having plural storage type air conditioners, each air conditioner includes a storage battery in which external power from an external power source can be stored, an air conditioning unit that is supplied with stored power from the storage battery and perform an air conditioning operation, a residual amount detector for detecting a storage residual amount of the storage battery, and a stored power transmission/reception switching unit for switching transmission/reception of the stored power stored in the storage battery to/from the other storage type air conditioners. Information concerning the storage residual amounts of the storage batteries of the air conditioners are communicated with one another, and the stored power of the storage battery of some air conditioner having surplus stored power is supplied to another air conditioner having short stored power.

Abstract: A refrigeration system (20) includes a pressure addition relief valve (62) in parallel with an expansion device (63).

Abstract: A system for affecting the temperature of a room, the system including a tank containing a liquid, at least one surface of the tank being in contact with air from an interior of the room, an air inlet for admitting air to an interior of the tank and an air outlet through which air leaves the tank, wherein air leaving the tank through the air outlet is vented to a region located outside the room.

Abstract: Intelligent refrigerator system for storing pharmaceutical product containers, such as vials, ampules, syringes, bottles, medication tubes, blister packs and cartons, at the point of dispensing. Embodiments of the invention use product identification technology, such as radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags and readers, to uniquely identify containers as they are added to or removed from the cold storage compartment of the refrigerator, and automatically retrieve from a local or remote database a variety of details associated with the containers and their contents, such as manufacturing data, expiration dates, time out of refrigeration, inventory levels, safety information, usage statistics, known contraindications and warnings, etc. If the details indicate that there is a problem with a particular pharmaceutical (e.g.

Abstract: A water-producing device having a condenser coil from a heat pump cycle condensing water thereon. A purification system is provided for purifying the water and a dispensing area is configured to dispense the water.

Abstract: A control algorithm for controlling an economizer circuit in a chiller system is provided. The control algorithm opens and closes a port valve in the economizer circuit in response to predetermined criteria to engage and disengage the economizer circuit. The predetermined criteria can include an operating parameter of a compressor and a level of liquid refrigerant in a flash tank.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a refrigeration circuit is disclosed. In the refrigeration circuit, a single-component or multi-component refrigerant, preferably a nitrogenous refrigerant, in particular nitrogen, circulates, where at least one partial stream of the refrigerant is expanded. The expansion of the refrigerant takes place in at least two expansion turbines that are arranged in series, and the temperature of the refrigerant at the exit of the expansion turbines, or at least at one of the exits of the expansion turbines, is above the saturation temperature of the refrigerant. In this connection, the temperature of the refrigerant at the exit of the expansion turbines, or at least at one of the exits of the expansion turbines, is less than 10° C., preferably less than 5° C., in particular less than 2° C., above the saturation temperature of the refrigerant.

Abstract: To provide a multistage compressor including an injection circuit, which can continue high-efficiency and high-capacity operations even if the injection circuit is turned on/off in accordance with operating conditions. A multistage compressor includes a high stage side compressing mechanism suctioning the intermediate pressure refrigerant gas compressed with a low stage side compressing mechanism to perform two-stage compression, and an injection circuit for injecting an intermediate pressure refrigerant into the intermediate pressure refrigerant gas suctioned to the high stage side compressing mechanism, the high stage side compressing mechanism including a capacity control mechanism for bypassing a refrigerant gas that is being compressed to a suction side, the injection circuit including an on/off mechanism for performing on/off control of refrigerant injection, and the capacity control mechanism and the on/off mechanism being operated in conjunction with each other.

Abstract: A heat transfer system includes a water line for carrying water having a first predetermined flow direction and a refrigerant line for carrying a refrigerant and having a second predetermined flow direction opposite the first predetermined flow direction. The heat transfer system includes a refrigerant evaporator, a vapor compressor, a condenser, and an expansion device. Refrigerant is passed through the refrigerant evaporator as a liquid and is warmed to a cooled gas. The refrigerant is heated to a superheated gas in the vapor compressor, and cooled to a warm liquid in the condenser. The refrigerant is cooled to a bi-phase liquid in the expansion device and is then passed to the refrigerant evaporator. Water enters the refrigerant condenser and heat is exchanged between the refrigerant and the water to warm the water to a predetermined water temperature. The water exits the refrigerant condenser and is passed to the water storage member at a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: A cooling, heat exchanging, system effectively heats or cools the air within an enclosed space. The system operates for an extended time period without requiring the use of a generator or utility power.

Abstract: A defrost refrigeration system comprises first compressors and second compressors serially positioned with respect to one another such that refrigerant going through a compression stage in the refrigeration cycle passes sequentially through the first compressors and the second compressors. A first line extends from an exit of one of the first compressor and the second compressor of the compression stage, and is in fluid communication with the evaporator stage in a defrost cycle and is adapted to receive a defrost portion of refrigerant compressed in the compression stage. Valves switch evaporators between the refrigeration cycle and the defrost cycle, by stopping/allowing a flow of refrigerant from the condensation stage to the evaporators of the evaporation stage in the refrigeration cycle, and for allowing/stopping a flow of said defrost portion of refrigerant to defrost the evaporators in the defrost cycle.

Abstract: A refrigerant reverse cycle balancing receiver includes an outer housing with a volume formed therein. A refrigerant pipeline extends through the volume for connection with a refrigerant line of a refrigeration system. The refrigerant pipeline is provided with a refrigerant relief port within the outer housing for allowing excess refrigerant to back up and fill the volume of the receiver when required in use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cooling device, which has a central heat conductor with a plurality of cooling fins extended on the periphery of the central heat conductor and a hollow chamber formed therein, provided with an agitator and filled with a cooling liquid. At least a transparent window is disposed on the cooling device for observing the internal condition of the chamber outside the cooling device and ascertaining if the agitator operates smoothly, so as to observe the cooling module, maintain the normal cooling function thereof and prevent the problem that electronic component is fried due to excessive heat accumulation caused by poor heat dissipation. Meanwhile, a lamp is employed to irradiate lights onto the transparent window and the lights are refracted by water waves of the agitated cooling liquid inside the chamber to exhibit a flashing effect.

Abstract: An evaporator for use in an ice-making machine that has at least one water passage and at least one refrigerant passage. Water passing through the water passage is frozen by the conductive effects of a refrigerant passing through the refrigerant passages. The evaporator is wound in a flat, spiral, space-saving design. A flow-splitter for use in evaporators with two water passages is also provided.

Abstract: A water dispenser mounted on a door of a refrigerator freezer that is provided with a spigot that is movable between inner and outer dispensing positions. The dispenser includes a dispenser housing having a dispensing cavity and the spigot is movably mounted in the top of the dispensing cavity. When the spigot is in the inner dispensing position water can be dispensed into a container positioned in the dispensing cavity. In the outer dispensing position the spigot can dispense water into a container positioned outside the dispensing cavity. The dispenser housing can be provided with a movable tray in the bottom of the dispensing cavity. The movable tray can be withdrawn to support a container under the spigot in the inner dispensing position and extended to support a container under the spigot in the outer dispensing position.

Abstract: A refrigeration system includes a compressor for driving a refrigerant along a flow path in at least a first mode of system operation; a first heat exchanger along the flow path downstream of the compressor in the first mode; a second heat exchanger along the flow path upstream of the compressor in the first mode; and a pressure regulator or expansion device in the flow path downstream of the first heat exchanger and upstream of the second heat exchanger in the first mode, wherein the first heat exchanger comprises a plurality of heat exchanger components arranged along a flow path of heat exchange fluid for the first heat exchanger. The heat exchanger components can be positioned in smaller available areas within the unit and thereby use space more efficiently.

Abstract: The invention relates to an evaporator (1), in particular for an air-conditioning system of a motor vehicle, comprising flow channels for a coolant and ribs which can be impinged upon by air and which are arranged on the outside of the flow channels. According to the invention, at least one cooling element (5) which can be cross-flown by a coolant (5) is connected in a thermally conductive manner to the evaporator (1) and is connected to a secondary circuit (6) which acts as a cooler for the consumers, in particular electronic components (8).

Abstract: A scroll compressor including a refrigerant injection system. The refrigerant injection system includes an injection inlet conduit which is disposed at least partially within the suction pressure chamber of the scroll compressor, and includes one end sealingly fitted into an opening in the non-orbiting scroll member which is disposed within the suction pressure chamber. The non-orbiting scroll member includes a pair of transfer passages at least partially formed in a side thereof which faces the discharge pressure chamber, as well as injection ports for injecting refrigerant from the transfer passages into the working pockets defined between the non-orbiting and orbiting scroll members. A cover plate, disposed in the discharge chamber of the compressor, is secured to the base plate of the non-orbiting scroll via a gasket and a plurality of fasteners to enclose and seal the transfer passages from the discharge pressure chamber.

Abstract: A refrigeration system includes 0 compressor for driving 0 refrigerant along flow path in at least a first mode of system; a first heat exchanger along the flow path downstream of the compressor in the first mode; a second heat exchanger along the flow path upstream the compressor in the first mode; and a pressure regulator or expansion device in the flow path downstream of the first heat exchanger and upstream of the second heat exchanger in the first mode, wherein at least one of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger comprises a flat tube heat exchanger.

Abstract: A refrigerant tank (40) holds a hydrocarbon refrigerant (42) used by refrigeration equipment (14) to cool natural gas to about ?163° C. to produce LNG (liquefied natural gas) (45). The refrigerant is stored on a floating structure (10) in a way that avoids dangers that would arise if the refrigerant were stored on deck with the refrigeration equipment. A refrigerant container (40) is stored in one of the LNG tanks (20) that holds LNG at about ?163° C.

Abstract: In a method for the emergency back-up supply of a gas under pressure by vaporization of a pressurized liquid, this gas normally being supplied by vaporization of liquid (33) in a first exchanger (1) of a pumped air separation unit, during the step of operating a second exchanger (2) in order to produce the make-up gas, pressurized liquid (33) and high-pressure air (8) continue to be sent to the first exchanger.

Abstract: A magnetic structure comprises a plurality of magnetic components, or a plurality of magnetic and ferromagnetic components, wherein the magnetic components, or the magnetic and ferromagnetic components, can be disposed within multiple strands or layers magnetically connected together. The magnetic structures can be utilized within any one of various different jewelry items, toys, amusement devices, educational implements, instructional aids, or the like.

Abstract: A decorative jewelry finger ring of the present invention, adapted for wearing by an individual for decoration, generally made from a tubular ceramic component. Additional embodiments may include an inner groove recessed into the inner surface of the ring, and further embodiments discloses a slip-resistant member disposed within the inner groove. A method for making finger ring jewelry generally includes cutting a finger ring workpiece off of a sintered ceramic tube by using a superhard cut off wheel; and performing post-sintering operations for forming finger ring jewelry. The new method of making a decorative jewelry finger ring is time, energy and labor saving.

Abstract: The present invention includes gemstone settings and methods of manufacturing gemstone settings including a primary gem capable of displaying a plurality of images corresponding to one or more objects placed within in a focal region outside of the primary gem. The plurality of images is displayed by flattening the bottom of the primary gem and faceting the crown to specifications that allow light to pass through the gem and not substantially reflect against a faceted pavilion.

Abstract: The method produces a coated three-dimensionally shaped glass ceramic body, especially a viewing window pane, which is provided with a reflective, anti-reflective or partially reflective layer. The method includes coating a flat green glass body to produce a coated green glass body and subsequently shaping the coated green glass body and ceramizing to form the coated three-dimensionally shaped glass ceramic body. In preferred embodiments the shaping the ceramizing occur at the same time. The reflective or anti-reflective coating is preferably applied to the green-glass body by an economical sol-gel process.

Abstract: The method of making thin glass panes includes conveying a glass melt through a vertical inlet to a drawing tank with a slit nozzle; drawing a glass ribbon downward from the slit nozzle; setting a total throughput by setting length and cross section of the inlet and by heating and cooling the inlet to control glass melt viscosity so that pressure in the inlet decreases; and setting a throughput per unit of length in a lateral direction along the glass ribbon via nozzle system geometry and by heating and cooling of the drawing tank and slit nozzle to control melt viscosity, so that glass does not wet an underside of the slit nozzle near a breaking edge. The setting of the total throughput and the throughput per unit length are largely decoupled to simplify process control. An inventive apparatus for performing the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A baffle system for blank molds of a glassware forming machine, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, includes a first shaft mounted for movement in the direction of its axis and for rotation around its axis. A baffle arm is mounted to the first shaft and a manifold is suspended from the baffle arm. A plurality of baffle holders are suspended from the manifold, and rocker arms interconnect the baffle holders for equalizing forces applied by the baffle holders to the blank molds of a glassware forming machine. A second shaft is adjacent to the first shaft and a link arm extends between the second shaft and the manifold. The baffle arm, the manifold and the link arm form a linkage that moves the baffle holders between a first position overlying the blank molds and a second position spaced from the blank molds.

Abstract: Fiberizing bushing assemblies, usually of rectangular shape, for fiberizing molten inorganic material like glass require cooling members located in the proximity of the orifices or tips forming the fibers. Cooling tubes carrying a cooling fluid like water are used by some fiber manufacturers and the cooling tubes have always been oriented with the length dimension of the bushing. It has now been discovered that orienting the cooling tubes to be substantially parallel to the width dimension, though more costly to fabricate because of the greater number required per bushing assembly, significantly reduce fiber break out rate and significantly increase productivity because they are easier to keep properly adjusted and result in a more uniform temperature of the fiberizing tips.

Abstract: A spinner for fiberizing glass has fiberizing holes formed in the spinner sidewall by a process utilizing an electron beam perforating process. A backing material used in the process is deposited on the walls of the fiberizing holes for increasing the corrosion resistance of the fiberizing holes. With regard to the formation of each fiberizing hole, an interaction of the backing material with an electron beam during the electron beam perforating process creates a gaseous backing material that expands through a hole created by the electron beam in the spinner sidewall to eject molten alloy material of the spinner sidewall made molten by the electron beam from the hole and deposit a thin substantially uniform coating layer of the backing material on the wall of the hole to increase the corrosion resistance of the fiberizing hole thus formed.

Abstract: A needle bed (2) in accordance with the invention for a knitting machine comprises guide channels for knitting tools that are interrupted, in particular, in the region of the knitting lock, so that each needle is only guided laterally in the region of its foot. Preferably, the needle bed is designed in a segmented manner, in which case the segments adjoin each other at a joint that extends in a direction transverse to all the guide channels. In so doing, the separating joint is located between the lock paths (15, 16; 16, 17; 17, 18 and 18, 19). The guide strips of the individual base body sections (5, 6, 7), respectively, are arranged offset with respect to each other by one needle division. Preferably, the needle body sections (5, 6, 7) have essentially the same configuration and are non-detachably connected to each other.

Abstract: A tandem configuration of automated washing machines is disclosed. A microprocessor controls solenoid valves to direct effluent of each selected cycle of one machine, into another machine for reuse. Both the machines operate in tandem applying pre-set microprocessor logic, which is further programmable for various options, keeping interlocking features Intact. By placing the washing apparatus on rooftops, further recycling is achieved.

Abstract: An apparatus for dyeing a textile substrate using a plurality of applicators that each apply an increment of a total dye application. In one form a reduced indigo dye in a leuco-state is applied in an inert atmosphere substantially isolated from oxidizing substances. In another form the foamed dye is applied while open to the atmosphere. In both forms holddown rollers or inverted applicators are located between applicators at decreasing depths to minimize increases in tension as the substrate travels over successive applicator faces.

Abstract: A lock body includes a lock mechanism adapted to fix and maintain an inserted securement member, such as a cable or shackle, in position within the lock body. The lock mechanism may be coupled to a combination lock adapted to release the securement member upon entry of a proper combination.

Abstract: An intuitively operable door locking arrangement and a method include, a lock-point arming input element that is connected directly to a handle-operated control element of the locking arrangement, rather than being connected directly to a lock-point of the door locking arrangement. The locking arrangement and method may be used in hinged single or multiple-panel installations, having single, and/or multiple lock-points, may allow keyless locking from outside, and may include a latching arrangement. In active door locking apparatuses, the lock-point is movable only through operation of the handle-operated control element. The lock point arming element is selectively moveable between an armed and a disarmed position thereof, and is configured and connected to the handle-operated control element in such a manner that the handle-operated control element may be used to move the lock-point to the locked position thereof only when the lock-point arming input element is in the armed position thereof.

Abstract: A motorcycle saddle locking device for use in combination with a motorcycle chassis having a rear fender mount and a motorcycle saddle having a rear attachment member for locking the saddle to the rear fender mount, which is comprised of a lock housing; and a locking means which is secured to the locking housing wherein the locking means and locking housing (hereinafter, “the locking device”) bias the rear attachment member between a closed and an opened relationship with respect to the fender mount thereby rendering the saddle between an open and a closed position