Abstract: According to one aspect and example, a method is provided for handling write protected storage devices. The method includes generating a read signal from a portion of a magnetic storage medium and determining if a modulation pattern is present in the read signal, the modulation pattern associated with an identification mark comprising a pattern of indicia associated with a recording layer of the magnetic storage medium. The identification mark indicates that the storage medium is a write protected storage device (e.g., a write-once-read-many “WORM” storage device or the like). If the storage medium is write protected, a media drive is restricted from write operations to the storage medium according to the particular write protected scheme, e.g., WORM, write append only, or the like.

Abstract: An amplifier system with feedback current cancellation comprises an amplifier with an input, an output, and at least one stage. A feedback network communicates with the input and output of the amplifier. A feedback current cancellation module that provides a first current at the input of the amplifier that substantially cancels a second current provided at the input of the amplifier by the feedback network.

Abstract: A method for adding intelligence into the tape drive subsystems of a media storage library. The present invention improves overall system availability by enhancing existing control, monitoring, and diagnostic functionalities. As a result of inserting intelligence into the drive trays, certain control and monitoring functions traditionally performed by the main library controller may be performed locally at the drive trays. Since certain functions are performed locally at the drive trays, fewer connections are required between the tape drive trays and the main library controller. Also, the main library controller's performance is not degraded as the number of tape drives increases. The present invention also provides flexibility to the storage system since new features and functions may be added to the drive tray subsystem without the need to modify the base library cabling infrastructure.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention reduce the peak consumption current of a disk drive and that of its application system, and to minimize the limitation of the consumption current so that the performance deterioration of the disk drive and its application system is minimized. In one embodiment, a monitor terminal is provided to enter the pre-regulated output voltage of the voltage constant power supply. The disk drive is controlled so as to suppress the currents consumed by individual sections in the disk drive if the monitored voltage falls to a predetermined reference voltage.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for a variable media tape based storage system for storing, retrieving, and communicating data. The system includes at least one media element having a compatible relationship with one of a plurality of drives for storing and receiving data. The at least one media element configured to operate with the at least one drive as a functional pair is considered a loaded drive. The storage system also includes switch and mapping system, which in one embodiment could be an interface bridge processor, operatively linked to each of the plurality of drives. Finally, the storage system adapted to alter at least one received and accepted tape library command from positioning a target storage tape article for use with a target tape drive to selecting one of the loaded drives via the interface bridge processor.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided for storing and retrieving information from a disk in which a TPI (tracks per inch) profile of a disk drive including a write pole having a trapezoidal cross-section is adaptively varied. The method includes comparing the slope angle of sides of a write pole associated with a magnetic head to a skew angle associated with a disk area; and dividing the disk areas into a first area in which the slope angle is greater than the skew angle and a second area in which the slope angle is not greater than the skew angle. Based on this comparison result, different track pitches for the first area and the second area are determined.

Abstract: In accordance with various embodiments, initial servo data are written to a storage medium as a series of radially overlapped spiral segments. Final servo data are thereafter written to the medium while concurrently servoing on said overlapped segments.

Abstract: A magnetic head structure has a coil and a magnetic pole allowing a magnetic flux generated by the coil to be transmitted therethrough and forming a magnetic gap. An insulating layer surrounds the coil, and a protective layer covers the insulating layer and the magnetic pole. The insulating layer has a volume equal to or greater than a value which is determined with respect to a thickness of the protective layer. It is preferable to increase the volume of the insulating layer as the thickness of the protective layer is made greater. By increasing the volume of the insulating layer, the protrusion of a portion of a floating surface of the magnetic head slider near the magnetic pole, toward the disk, is reduced.

Abstract: A magnetic head according to one embodiment includes a first module having a flat profile tape bearing surface, a second module having a flat profile tape bearing surface, and a third module having a flat profile tape bearing surface. The third module is positioned on an opposite side of the second module than the first module. The tape bearing surfaces of the first, second and third modules may lie along substantially parallel planes, may be configured in a tangent (angled) configuration, or may be configured in an overwrap configuration. Data writing and reading functions are usually performed by different modules at a given time.

Abstract: An actuator assembly includes a first housing portion and a second housing portion coupled to the first housing portion, which together define a housing having an interior. A beam, preferably of one-piece construction, extends from the interior of the housing to the exterior of the housing. A coil, pole piece, and magnet are positioned in the interior of the housing. Energizing the coil causes movement of the beam relative to the housing. The housing portions may be identical. The housing portions may be symmetrical about their edges of coupling.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for damping vibration in a flexible cable for use in a magnetic disk drive apparatus. The vibration damping mitigates resonant oscillation of the flexible cable which would otherwise cause tracking errors by forcing the actuator of the away from the desired data track on a magnetic disk. A layer vibration damping material and one or more electrical leads are enclosed within a surrounding electrical insulator, the damping material being completely enclosed, while the leads have selected portions exposed to allow electrical connection devices.

Abstract: A suspension assembly for a disk drive includes a load beam and a flexure. The flexure has a first end including a plurality of bond pads for electrical connection to a slider and a second end having a tail for attachment to a flexible cable. The tail includes a support layer having a free end defining cutouts forming a plurality of peninsula-shaped regions, such that a plane oriented perpendicular to the support layer and disposed between the peninsula-shaped regions and extending beyond the free end of the tail does not cut through any support layer material. An insulating layer may be disposed on the support layer. A connection pad may be disposed on the insulating layer on each of the peninsula-shaped regions. Conductive traces may be disposed on the insulating layer to electrically connect each connection pad to a corresponding bond pad. A head is coupled to the bond pads.

Abstract: A magnetic disk device comprises a magnetic disk in which a data zone is formed. An actuator has a voice coil and a head slider carrying a magnetic head, the actuator being swung to move the magnetic head over the disk between an innermost position of the data zone and an outermost position of the data zone. A magnet has a magnetization center and is opposed to the voice coil so that a voice coil motor which swings the actuator is formed, the magnet having a north pole and a south pole confronting each other via the magnetization center. The magnetic disk device is provided so that a deviation of a center of the voice coil from the magnetization center when the magnetic head is in the innermost position of the data zone is substantially equal to a deviation of the center of the voice coil from the magnetization center when the magnetic head is in the outermost position of the data zone.

Abstract: A magnetic head (slider) which requires no lapping is described. The head is fabricated with an air bearing surface that is parallel to the wafer surface. The saw cuts used to separate the individual sliders from the rest of the wafer are perpendicular to the air-bearing surface and do not pass through any critical features. The read and write components are formed from thin films disposed parallel to the air bearing surface and can be side-by-side or tandem in relation to the recording track. The stripe height of the read sensor is controlled by the deposition process rather than by lapping. Various embodiments of the read head include contiguous junction biasing, external hard magnet biasing, and in-stack biasing. In one embodiment a permeable field collector is included below the sensor layer structure. An aperture shield surrounding the sensor at the ABS is included in one embodiment.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive sensor having a novel laminated hard bias structure that possesses exceptional magnetic performance characteristics when deposited over a crystalline structure such as in a partial mill sensor design in which a portion of a sensor stack extends beyond the active area of the sensor. The hard bias structure may include a seed layer comprising a layer of Si sandwiched between layers of CrMo. The hard bias structure, which can be formed over the seed layer structure, includes layers of CoPt separated a layer of CrMo.

Abstract: A receptacle type GFCI includes an input circuit, a leakage current detecting and amplifying circuit, a neutral ground fault detecting and amplifying circuit, a signal control circuit including an IC and a reset and trip actuating circuit, an output circuit, and a ground fault self detecting circuit connected between the input circuit and the reset and trip actuating circuit. The ground fault self detecting circuit is used to test, when the power is turned on for the first time under correct wiring or when the TEST button is pressed after the RESET button is pressed, whether the ground fault protection function of the GFCI is working properly. The ground fault self detecting circuit includes an end-of-life indicator.

Abstract: A plurality of preprogrammed switches is disposed in a looped distribution line downstream from a source of power to respond to a short circuit and to reconfigure the line to isolate the short circuit. Some of the preprogrammed switches are each provided with a unique open time interval, such as t1, t2 and t3. Others of the plurality of preprogrammed switches can then determine which switch is opening in response to the short circuit and can identify the portion of the line that is shorted. Certain of the preprogrammed switches can then reconfigure to protect the identified portion of the line.

Abstract: A protective apparatus for protecting electric device connected to an AC circuit from being damaged at a time of misconnection between a live line and a neutral line thereof. The protective apparatus includes a detector, a controller, and an alarm. The detector is connected between the neutral line and the earth line. The controller is connected between the live line and the neutral line and includes a DPDT switch. Two blades of the switch switchably connected to the electric device and the alarm. The detector includes a voltage grading circuit, a rectifier-filter, a detect circuit, and an isolating circuit. Once misconnection between the live line and the neutral line occurs, an abnormal voltage is transformed by the detector to a stable DC power output, which drives the controller to disconnect the device from the live line and the neutral line and activate the alarm.

Abstract: Into an internal circuit to operate in a high-frequency band, there is incorporated a protective circuit of a multistage connection which is constructed to include a plurality of diode-connected transistors having a low parasitic capacity and free from a malfunction even when an input signal higher than the power supply voltage is applied. Into an internal circuit to operate in a low-frequency band, there is incorporated a protective circuit which is constructed to include one diode-connected transistor. The protective circuits include two lines of protective circuit, in which the directions of electric currents are so reversed as to protect the internal circuits against positive/negative static electricities.

Abstract: A current control circuit controls a current from a current drawing circuit to which a primary coil of a transformer is connected. A first N channel transistor has a source connected to the current drawing terminal and has a body diode that directs a current from the source to a drain. A second N channel transistor has a drain connected to the drain of the first N channel transistor and a source connected to a ground. The second N channel transistor has a body diode that directs a current from the source to the drain. The first and second N channel transistors are turned on to direct a current from the current drawing terminal to the ground via the first and second N channel transistors. The first and second N channel transistors are turned off to stop the current from the current drawing terminal. Further, the body diode of the first N channel transistor inhibits current flowing from the ground to the primary coil of the transformer.

Abstract: Affords a holder for use in semiconductor or liquid-crystal manufacturing devices—as well as semiconductor or liquid-crystal manufacturing devices in which the holder is installed—in which temperature uniformity in the processed-object retaining face is heightened. Configuring the holder with, furnished atop a ceramic susceptor, a composite of a ceramic and a metal improves the temperature uniformity in the holder's processed-object retaining face and makes for curtailing the generation of particulates and other contaminants. In addition, putting a coating on at least the retaining face improves the durability of the holder. Installing a holder of this sort in a semiconductor manufacturing device or a liquid-crystal manufacturing device contributes to making available semiconductor or liquid-crystal manufacturing devices whose productivity and throughput are excellent.

Abstract: A storage capacitor having a scattering effect is positioned in a substrate for use in a thin film transistor array loop. The storage capacitor is characterized by having a rough layer overlapped by a medium layer and a passivation layer. The storage capacitor further has a reflective layer with high reflectivity so as to provide the storage capacitor with the scattering effect toward an external light source. A method of manufacturing the storage capacitor by two photolithography processes is also shown.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes a pair of electrodes at least containing activated carbon powder, a separator interposed between the pair of electrodes, and an electrolytic solution impregnated into the pair of electrodes and the separator. The electrodes and the separator are stacked on a collector. Each of the electrodes includes at least two layers arranged in a thickness direction, and the two layers are made of the activated carbon powder having mutually different average grain sizes. The average grain size of the activated carbon powder in the layer contacting the separator is greater than the average grain size of the activated carbon powder in the layer located on the collector side.

Abstract: When an electrolytic solution of an electric double layer capacitor is prepared, an association is assumed as a model of a solute dissolved in a solvent. The energy of the association and the energies of the reduced association and oxidized association are calculated and a withstand voltage is estimated based thereon. If the withstand voltage exceeds the target value, only the estimated electrolytic solution is actually prepared. As a result, the development time in the development of electrolytic solution is greatly shortened.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gas-insulated switchgear device, in which a space for dismantlement and inspection work which facilitates the dismantlement and inspection work of circuit breakers at the time of the occurrence of accidents of the circuit breakers are provided and an installation area for the gas-insulated switchgear device can be reduced. The gas-insulated switchgear device includes a pair of spaced apart main bus lines, three circuit breakers connected between the main bus lines, a common space for dismantlement and inspection work provided between two of the three circuit breakers, and branch bus lines provided above the common dismantlement and inspection work space using the common dismantlement and inspection work space and disposed in such a manner that insulatedly leading-out directions of the branch bus lines cross in order to balance voltage.

Abstract: A current distributor includes a common, uninterrupted first main busbar as a main current supply and a number of current distributor modules which are each associated with a respective circuit breaker and can be disposed in a row along the main busbar. The current distributor module or each current distributor module has a first connection line for supplying current to a load circuit. The current distributor module or each current distributor module has a housing, a slot formed on a front side of the housing for plugging on an associated circuit breaker, and a first channel which passes through the housing in a transverse direction for accommodating the first main busbar. A first contact opening of the slot corresponds to the first channel and a second contact opening of the slot corresponds to a housing receptacle for a connection socket of the first connection line.

Abstract: Certain exemplary embodiments comprise a mounting base adapted to be snapably coupled to a wiring lug. The wiring lug can comprise a prong, which can be adapted to electrically couple a circuit breaker to the wiring lug. The mounting base can define a chamber adapted to receive the wiring lug.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for providing an image in conjunction with a protective cover panel for a device, which device includes a component which can benefit from protection by the cover panel. The cover panel is moveable with respect to the component so as to provide an image change in an area positioned adjacent the cover panel when a user of the device moves the cover panel so as to uncover the component.

Abstract: A convertible display system includes two displays, beam splitter, and mount, which are adjustable to convert the system for 3D image use and 2D image display use, respectively. In 3D orientation the displays are at an angle to each other and the tops (or bottoms) are proximate each other, the beam splitter is at the bisectrix of the angle for viewing of respective stereo image pairs along a substantially common light path, and the images are provided by reflection from and transmission through the beam splitter. The reflected display provides its image in mirror image orientation relative to the transmitted image. The images are discriminated by polarizers. For 2D use the beam splitter is rotated out of the viewing path and one display is repositioned on the mount generally in side by side relation with the tops of the displays at the top to allow substantially side by side viewing of images provided by the displays.

Abstract: An exemplary display device (2) includes a display module (25), a base (21), and a pivot mechanism (23) for pivoting the display module to the base. The pivot mechanism includes a frame portion (232) fixed to the display module and a pivot axle (231) fixed to the base. The frame portion is pivoted on the pivot axle. Because the frame portion fixed with the display module is pivoted on the pivot axle fixed on the base, the display module can be rotated around the base. Moreover, the pivot mechanism is compactly disposed where the display module connects with the base. Therefore the overall configuration of the display device is compact.

Abstract: Cases and methods of use of a laptop computer are provided such that the laptop computer need not be removed from the case, enabling use of the laptop computer keyboard, display and ports located on a back edge of the laptop computer while the laptop computer remains in the case. According to example of the invention, a case for a laptop computer is provided having first and second portions formed of rigid material. The first portion is adapted to be secured to a display portion of the laptop computer, and the second portion adapted to be secured to a keyboard portion of the laptop computer. Opening and closing the laptop computer is thereby permitted. A covering flap is also provided to be selectively securable across the connective portion. Another embodiment of the invention is usable with laptop computers having a multi-axis rotation display portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mobile communications device comprising a housing, a transceiver in the housing, a keypad connected to the housing, and a display connected to the housing, wherein the housing comprises a first section movably connected to a second section of the housing by a multi-axis hinge, wherein a first axis of rotation of the hinge is provided at the first section of the housing and a second offset axis of rotation of the hinge is provided at the second section of the housing, and wherein the hinge comprises means for synchronizing rotation of the first and second sections relative to the hinge through a path of about 360 degrees. The invention further relates to a hinge for use therein.

Abstract: A disk array system capable of efficiently cooling the canisters and achieving the high-density mounting of the canisters without reducing the number of canisters is provided. In the disk array system having a HDD box which stores a plurality of canisters, a canister on an upstream side of cooling air and a canister on a downstream side of the cooling air both standing upright are arranged with a difference in level therebetween in the HDD box. The canister on the upstream side has a reliability assurance temperature lower than that on the downstream side, and a disk size of the canister on the upstream side is smaller than that on the downstream side. Also, the canister on the downstream side is arranged higher than that on the upstream side so that an alarm indicator LED and a ready indicator LED can be checked visually.

Abstract: An auto-extending replicator includes a replicator body, a forcing mechanism, an extended unit and a control mechanism. The extended unit includes an extended body and a blocking member. The forcing mechanism connected between the replicator body and the extended body exerts a force on the extended body along a direction of extending. The blocking member connected with the extended body has a stepped structure. A control mechanism second end blocks the blocking member from extending out. When a control mechanism first end is displaced, a contact position between the blocking member and the control mechanism second end is changed so that the extended body together with the blocking member move extendedly along the direction of extending.

Abstract: An ATCA board compatible hard disk mounting structure is disclosed to include a cover fastened to an ATCA board to hold a hard disk, a bracket fixedly fastened to the front side of the cover, a plurality of electric fans mounted in the bracket, an insulative member mounted in between the cover and the bracket to isolate the cover from the bracket, and a face panel fastened to the bracket and fitted into one PMC slot of an I/O face panel of the ATCA board.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a heating dissipating structure of an external hard disk drive box that includes a retaining base for mounting a hard disk, and the retaining base has adjusting rods that can be moved vertically up and down, and the retaining base and hard disk are covered by a heat dissipating cover, such that when the invention is assembled, the adjusting rods are rotated and pressed onto the heat dissipating cover, and the heat dissipating cover is attached closely onto the surface of the hard disk, and there exists no gap between the heat dissipating cover and the hard disk, so as to conduct the heat produced by the hard disk rapidly from the heat dissipating cover to the avoid and prevent any breakdown or failure due to an overheating.

Abstract: A heat dissipation device comprises a heat sink, a fan, and a fan holder. The heat sink includes a base and a plurality of fins arranged on the base. The fan includes a frame having an engaging flange at each corner thereof. The fan holder configured for attaching the fan to the heat sink includes a main body having two opposite sidewalls extending upwardly from two opposite sides of the main body, a peg extending through the sidewall and movable in a direction perpendicular to the sidewall, and a handle capable of operating the peg. At least one of the engaging flanges of the fan is depressed by the peg towards the main body, thereby securing the fan on the fan holder.

Abstract: An electrical connector assembly (100) comprises an insulative housing (1), a plurality terminals (100) received therein, a chip module (2) attached on the housing (1), an cover (4) mounted on the chip module (2) and a printed circuit (3) mounted below the housing (1), a heat cooling device (5) assembled through the cover (3), the chip module (2) and the housing (1), and the printed circuit board (4) for transmitting airflow into a interface formed between the housing (1) and the printed circuit board (3).

Abstract: A heat dissipation device in a computer enclosure includes a heat spreader (20) mounted on a CPU (12), a first heat sink (30), a cooling fan (40) coupled to the first heat sink, a second heat sink (50), a heat pipe (80) mounted on the heat spreader and thermally connected the first heat sink and the second heat sink, a system fan (60) attached to the second heat sink, and a fan duct (70) interconnected between the cooling fan and the second heat sink. The system fan is positioned adjacent to louvers of the computer enclosure. An airflow generated by the cooling fan and the system fan flows through the first heat sink, then the fan duct, the second heat sink, and finally the louvers to leave the computer enclosure.

Abstract: A heat dissipation device includes a heat sink with a plurality of fins, a fan mounted on a side of the heat sink with a space formed between the heat sink and the fan, and at least one airflow guiding board formed by one end of at least one of the fins. The airflow guiding board extends through the space to connect with the fan. The airflow guiding board can guide the airflow generated by the fan to the heat sink, so as to reduce the loss of the airflow from the edge of the heat sink, and enhance the effect of heat dissipation. Alternatively, the airflow guide board can also function to guide the airflow to cool other heat sinks.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention include an apparatus, method, and system for providing a layered thermal management arrangement. Embodiments of the present invention provide a layered thermal management arrangement, including a plurality of first channels, one or more flow-regulation features having a first and second manifold to provide and regulate at least a portion of a first fluid flow to the plurality of first channels and to drain at least the portion of the first fluid flow from the plurality of first channels. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: A system for cooling electronic components with a surface having one or more electronic components, including an integrated circuit, mounted thereon. A liquid cooled heat exchanger located in overlying contacting relation with the integrated circuit. A resilient cold plate coupled to the surface so as to be biased by a portion of the liquid cooled heat exchanger thereby providing a forced engagement between the liquid cooled heat exchanger, the integrated circuit, and the resilient cold plate.

Abstract: A circuit board assembly, for example, a computer motherboard, for use in a liquid submersion cooled electronic device, for example, a computer, is configured to facilitate movement of the cooling liquid when the circuit board is submerged in the cooling liquid, thereby improving the heat transfer from heat-generating components on the circuit board. For a computer, a plurality of heat-generating components are mounted on the motherboard, including a plurality of processors, a plurality of memory cards, a plurality of graphics cards, and a plurality of power supplies. A pump for the cooling liquid can also be mounted on the motherboard.

Abstract: A cooling structure for interface card for cooling the heating component on an interface card includes a heat sink, a metallic hood, and a water block, wherein the heat sink has a heat conducting seat and a plurality of cooling fins, while the heat conducting seat is attached to the heating component of the interface card. Furthermore, the metallic hood arranged on the heat sink is connected thereto. Finally, the water block is arranged on the metallic hood; thereby, the operational heat, generated from the heating element, is absorbed by the heat-conducting seat and is then conducted to the fins of the heat sink, so that the operational heat is distributed to the metallic hood by heat conducting process, making the operational heat that is generated by the heating component carried away through the heat exchanging function of the water block, and thus a desired cooling effectiveness is achieved.

Abstract: A heat dissipation device includes a retention module surrounding a heat-generating component therein and a heat sink secured in the retention module. The retention module has a plurality of sidewalls. The heat sink includes a base positioned in the retention module for contacting with the heat-generating component. The base includes a plurality of first walls and a plurality of second walls. The sidewalls of the retention module enclose a periphery of the base, and the first walls and the second walls respectively abut against the sidewalls of the retention module when the base is located at a first position and a second position. A rotation of the base from the first position to the second position reduces an adhering force generated by a thermal grease located between the base and the heat-generating component.

Abstract: A heat dissipation device includes a base and two heat sinks formed by aluminum extrusion and located on the base. Each heat sink includes a heat conducting portion. The two heat sinks include a plurality of first fins extending inwardly from first faces of the heat conducting portions and located between the heat conducting portions, and a plurality of second fins extending outwardly from second faces of the heat conducting portions. Two heat pipes connect the base and the two heat sinks. Each heat pipe includes a first section thermally engaged with the base, and two second sections extending from the base and thermally engaged with the heat conducting portion of a corresponding heat sink. The second sections are located outside a hub and below fan blades of an impeller of a fan mounted on the heat sinks.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus including: a plasma display panel; a non-conductive chassis disposed on a rear portion of the plasma display panel to support the plasma display panel; a circuit unit disposed on a rear portion of the chassis to drive the plasma display panel; and a conductive member disposed between the plasma display panel and the chassis, having at least a part that is slit and protruded toward the chassis. In addition, the circuit unit includes a grounding portion having a grounding voltage and the grounding portion is electrically connected to the protruding portion of the conductive member.

Abstract: A heat dissipation module for removing heat from a heat-generating electronic component includes a base (106) and a clip (40, 40a). The clip includes a connecting arm (42, 42a) and a securing arm (44, 44a) for locking the base to the heat-generating electronic component. The connecting arm engages with the base. The securing arm extends from the contacting arm and is curve-shaped with a free end thereof being for being depressed whereby the securing arm exerts a downward force on the base so that the base and the electronic component can have an intimate contact with each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flexible substrate. More particularly, the present invention relates to a flexible substrate for a display apparatus. A display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a display panel in which an electrode is formed, a heat sink plate formed on a rear side of the display panel, a driving board formed on a rear side of the heat sink plate, and a flexible substrate for connecting the electrode and the driving board, wherein the flexible substrate is directly grounded to the heat sink plate. Accordingly, the noise of pulses supplied from the flexible substrate can be prevented and damage to the flexible substrate can be prohibited.

Abstract: A chassis shelf may include an upper guide adapted to receive a first edge of a first card and a lower guide adapted to receive a first edge of a second card. The chassis shelf may include an alignment device adapted to align the chassis shelf with respect to a chassis. The chassis shelf may include an attachment device for removably coupling the chassis shelf to the chassis.