Abstract: A data processing system includes a first plane including a first plurality of processing nodes, each including multiple processing units, and a second plane including a second plurality of processing nodes, each including multiple processing units. The data processing system also includes a plurality of point-to-point first tier links. Each of the first plurality and second plurality of processing nodes includes one or more first tier links among the plurality of first tier links, where the first tier link(s) within each processing node connect a pair of processing units in the same processing node for communication. The data processing system further includes a plurality of point-to-point second tier links.

Abstract: Communication network routing apparatus and techniques using logical communication links are disclosed. A routing apparatus identifies a logical communication link that it is capable of being used to establish a virtual connection with another routing apparatus within a virtual connection operational domain, which includes multiple sub-domains, of an underlying communication system. A destination that is associated with the routing apparatus and is reachable through the virtual connection is also identified. Information that is indicative of the identified logical communication link and of the identified destination is provided for distribution from a sub-domain of the routing apparatus in the virtual connection operational domain to another sub-domain within the virtual connection operational domain. This distribution of information enables a routing apparatus in one sub-domain to dynamically route a virtual connection toward a destination in a different sub-domain.

Abstract: Keep-alive processing for NAT devices and reducing power consumption in wireless clients. A server driven keep-alive mechanism facilitates keep-alive messages to a NAT device currently providing a connection to a mobile client to refresh the NAT state, thereby reducing or eliminating power consumption in a wireless device to respond to the connection with keep-alive packets. In one instance, keep-alive packets are sent to the NAT device to reset the NAT timeout timer, and then to the mobile client. The client responds only when expected keep-alive packets are not received at the client. In another instance, keep-alive packets reset the NAT timer to maintain the connection but are dropped or self-destruct before reaching the mobile client thereby providing the optimum power conservation in the mobile device. Thus, the client is not forced into extra client activity to send or receive wireless data, thereby draining the battery.

Abstract: Methods and systems for reducing network load on a Teredo server.

Abstract: Methods and systems for allowing a Teredo client behind a network address translation device to detect more rapidly the type of network address translation device.

Abstract: Methods and systems for allowing clients behind a network address translation device to communicate when those clients are assigned Teredo IPv6 addresses.

Abstract: A system and method for enabling sharing of devices on a network is disclosed. The technology includes a method for enabling sharing of non-network enabled devices on a network. The method includes detecting a non-network enabled device locally coupled to a first computer system, the first computer system coupled to the network. The method for enabling sharing of non-network enabled devices on a network also includes enabling a second computer system coupled to the network to access the non-network enabled device by using the first computer system as a communication interface between the non-network enabled device and the second computer system.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer program products for providing predicted likelihood of communication between users are disclosed. According to one aspect, the subject matter described herein includes a method for providing predicted likelihood of communication between users. The method includes predicting a likelihood that a first user will initiate communication with a second user based on stored information for the first user that indicates the second user, associating the predicted likelihood with status information for the first user, and providing for indicating the status information with the predicted likelihood to the second user.

Abstract: A system and method are provided of bridging proxy traffic in an electronic network. The method can include the operation of receiving a data stream from a client into a packet scanning device using a first socket. This data stream can be directed to an external communication network. The socket information for the first socket can be cached or stored in a cache in the packet scanning device using a cache ID. The first socket can then be connected to a user space process. A second socket can be generated by the user space process using the cache ID. The second socket can be modified using information retrieved from the cache based on the cache ID to make the second socket emulate the first socket. An additional operation is sending the data stream through the second socket to the external communication network.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an automatic call distributor apparatus is provided, including a network interface operable to receive a request for a service, and a processor operable to assign the request to a queue and to associate a number of resources with the queue based upon a determination of at least one dynamic parameter of the queue. Advantageously, resources may be allocated to queues in a flexible, efficient, and dynamic manner.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for managing network data packet transmission. A retry buffer is maintained that includes a single first in, first out retransmission retry buffer. A first data packet is inserted into the retry buffer in response to transmitting the first data packet to a remote node. A determination that a second data packet is not able to be transmitted to the remote node causes the second data packet to be inserted into the retry buffer. A third data packet is retrieved from the retry buffer and a determination that it is not to be transmitted to the remote node causes the third data packet to be reinserted into the retry buffer.

Abstract: A stateful packet filter and a table management method thereof The stateful packet filter includes an index buffer storing a session table index address from a session table, which is searched for determining a session of a received packet when a packet is received; and a table manager updating a state table by using the session table index address, stored in the index buffer, as a state table address value.

Abstract: A virtual network has network interfaces coupled by tunnels (100) through a forwarding network (40), each interface having a forwarding address in an address space of the forwarding network, each network interface having a reconfigurable address mapper (320) for determining a forwarding address for a packet, and encapsulating the packet with its forwarding address so that the forwarding network can forward the data packet transparent to its destination address. The network interface automatically configures the address mapper by sending a discovery request for a given virtual network address over the forwarding network, to prompt a response with an indication of the corresponding forwarding address, and to use the indication in such a response to configure the address mapper. This can ease the administrative burden of setting up and maintaining the address mapper and to ease network reconfiguration according to demand or faults for example.

Abstract: An arbiter for a space switch comprising a two buffers, a media access controller having data outputs coupled to the two buffers, and two control outputs coupled to respective buffers for buffering input data at a clock rate one-half that of the input data and a switch fabric connected to the two buffers for matching buffer data throughput with switch data throughput, the arbiter comprising first and second schedulers, each scheduler includes a plurality of inputs for connection to the two buffers for receiving requests, a plurality of outputs for granting requests and a plurality of inter connections to each of the plurality of schedulers for informing them of grants and logic for logically grouping input ports associated with a bifurcate input port, logically grouping output ports associated with a bifurcate output port, establishing round robin pointers for each of two alternate clock ticks for tracking next allowable requests and on one clock tick allowing connection requests from input ports to output po

Abstract: A switching apparatus is provided which performs switching of a frame sent from a node, in a system of the switching apparatus and the node having redundant ports. The switching apparatus generates a virtual port based on an external setting signal, relates the redundant ports to the virtual port, and sends the frame to one of the ports of the node related to the virtual port when the frame is destined to the virtual port.

Abstract: A wireless system and method including a medium access control (MAC) layer adapted to transmit and receive spectrum management commands for wireless devices operating in restricted channels.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for reducing transceiver power via a variable symbol rate are provided. In this regard, an Ethernet transmitter may be enabled to transmit data at a variable symbol rate, wherein the symbol rate is determined based on a state of a link coupled to said Ethernet transmitter and/or resources available to said Ethernet transmitter. In this regard, link state may comprise one or more of, for example, available bandwidth, bit error rate, packet error rate, and link utilization; and resources may comprise one or more of, for example, power, buffer space, and processor time. Accordingly one or more threshold for link state and/or resources may be determined and the symbol rate may be adjusted when those thresholds are exceeded. Aspects of the invention may enable defining and/or transmitting unique symbols to identify possible symbol rates and/or a change in symbol rate.

Abstract: A method and system for providing Layer 1 time division multiplexing (TDM) framing, multiplexing, and mapping as well as Layer 2 data and protocol processing. One embodiment of the invention provides an integrated Layer1/Layer2 service aggregator within a single-device. Such an embodiment provides a complete System-on-Chip implementation for clear channel and deeply channelized OC-48 (STM-16), 4×OC12/3 (STM4/1) application of 2,000 channels or more. One embodiment implements functionality of Layer2 data and protocol processing as well as Layer1 TDM framing, multiplexing and mapping. For one embodiment, target applications include packet-based transport systems, multi-service access and metro systems, switches and routers and ADM/MSPP systems.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for reducing transceiver power via a variable signal constellation are provided. In this regard, an Ethernet PHY device may receive one or more signals indicative of a current state of an Ethernet link to which the PHY device is coupled and/or indicative of resources, such as power, available to the PHY device. Accordingly, a number of points comprising a signal constellation utilized to communicate data via the Ethernet link may vary based on the one or more signals. A current state of the link may comprise a bit error rate, a packet error rate, and/or utilization, in terms of bandwidth for example, of the link. Aspects of the invention may enable controlling, at least in part, power consumption of the PHY device may altering the number of points comprising the signal constellation.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus for multiplexing optical signals has a multi-rate signal processing unit that has a plurality of signal processing circuits in advance according to various signal speeds and frame formats and selects a necessary signal processing circuit as necessary. In addition, the transmission apparatus acquires a type code, used to identify the type of the signal of a removable optical module, from the optical module and, from the acquired information, automatically determines the operation mode of the multi-rate signal processing unit, bandwidth allocations according to the signal speeds, and monitoring item contents for different frame formats to eliminate the need for maintenance engineer's work that is otherwise required when a low-speed signal is added.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide network devices and a network device control method which enable control network devices connected to an IP network, AV devices connected over 1394IF through gateway devices from the IP network, and home devices connected to ECHONET to be controlled without distinction among them. To achieve this object, a network device to serve as a controller comprises a controller application that detects a service of a target network device, using a message complying with an information exchange protocol common to the network, collects information such as an access method for the service, a function name, and parameters, and controls the network device upon request, and an information exchange protocol processing part that exchanges messages according to a protocol common to the network devices.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for controlling the audio characteristics of a networked voice communications device (NVCD) are presented. One method presented includes receiving a settings file, extracting at least one audio control parameter from the settings file, deriving audio processing parameters based upon a value selected from the at least one audio control parameter, and controlling the audio characteristics of the networked voice communications device using the audio processing parameters and the at least one audio control parameter. A method for providing audio parameters to an NVCD is also presented which includes establishing a settings file, which includes at least one audio control parameter, receiving a request to send the settings file, and sending the settings file over a network to the networked voice communications device.

Abstract: A dual core crosspoint system includes a differential signal core for receiving N differential input channels with common mode voltage removed and providing m differential output channels with m output stages associated with the m output channels; and a common mode core for receiving N common mode voltage input channels derived from the N differential input channels and providing m common mode voltage output channels simultaneously with the m differential output channels.

Abstract: A serial communication system includes a master processor and a slave processor. A CS signal for requesting a serial communication is output from the master processor, and an OK_INV signal for responding to the CS signal is output from the slave processor. When a CS signal is an active state, the master processor executes a serial communications of a preset number of bits every time that a level of the OK_INV signal is reversed. The slave processor inverts a level of an OK_INV signal in response to the CS signal shifting to the active state. The slave processor changes the level of the OK_INV signal every time that a serial communication of a preset number of bits is completed.

Abstract: The transponder includes a 64B/66B code synchronization bit determination circuit 1511a for notifying a PLL selection control circuit of a control signal which instructs on selection of a variable oscillator or a variable oscillator in response to a case where an electric signal sent from an optical signal reception unit 111 includes a 64B/66B code synchronization bit, an A1A2 byte determination circuit 1511b for notifying the PLL selection control circuit of a control signal which instructs on selection of a variable oscillator or a variable oscillator in response to a case where an electric signal sent from the optical signal reception unit 111 includes an A1A2 byte, and the PLL selection control circuit 1512 for controlling a PLL selector 16 and a PLL selector 17 based on a control signal.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an apparatus comprises logic for optimizing return traffic paths using network address translation (NAT). The logic is operable to receive outbound data from a source node in a source network, and to replace a source address in a source address field in the outbound data with a first address from a first address pool associated with a first connection. The logic is operable to determine that return traffic on the first connection needs to be switched over to a second connection, where a second address pool is associated with the second connection. The logic is operable to generate a mapping that associates the first address with a second address from the second address pool and, based on the mapping, to replace the first address in the source address field in the outbound data with the second address. The logic is also operable to send the outbound data to the destination node over the second connection.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a request to provision a first customer interface to a service instance, and identifying a resource capacity for a resource associated with a service controller of a system. A determination is made as to whether a sum of resource requirements for a first set of customer interfaces that does not include the first customer interface exceeds the resource capacity. The method further includes provisioning the first customer interface to the service instance if it is determined that the sum of the customer instance resource requirements does not exceed the resource capacity.

Abstract: Methods and systems for determining operating bandwidth in a multi-bandwidth communication system are provided. Determining operating bandwidth in a multi-bandwidth communication system includes receiving a signal having a first signal portion at a first, predetermined bandwidth. The signal contains an indication of an operating bandwidth selected from a plurality of bandwidths used for a further signal portion. The indication is recovered from the first signal portion at the predetermined bandwidth. The information is recovered from the further signal portion at the operating bandwidth indicated by the indication.

Abstract: A method for determining an unacknowledged mode radio link control protocol data unit (PDU) size in a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) includes the WTRU setting a maximum PDU size, and the WTRU setting a maximum total data transferred size. The PDU size is flexible up to the maximum PDU size.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention are directed to using forward error correaction in a digital broadcast network that supports generic stream encapsulation. According to an embodiment, error correaction data is calculated over application data, and the application data and error correaction data are encapsulated in generic stream encapsulation packets. In another embodiment, error correaction data is calculated over generic stream encapsulation packets. In yet another embodiment, error correaction data is calculated over, and encapsulated within, generic stream encapsulation packets. In still another embodiment, error correaction data is calculated over application data packets.

Abstract: An acknowledged mode (AM) radio link control (RLC) architecture and method within evolved high speed packet access (HSPA) are disclosed. The RLC is configured to operate in AM and process protocol data units (PDUs) of flexible size. Specifically, an AM RLC architecture and method in which RLC SDUs are segmented and/or concatenated only at the time of or immediately prior to delivering the PDUs to lower layers. This includes an interface with lower layers in order to support flexible PDU sizes for AM RLC.

Abstract: Aspects of a method and system for reducing transceiver power via a variable number of channels are provided. In this regard, utilization and/or availability of network and/or device resources may be determined and a configuration of channels utilized for transmitting data may be determined based on the determined utilization and/or availability of resources. Accordingly, the number of channels over which data is communicated may be altered based on determined thresholds for the utilization and/or availability of resources. Moreover, the configuration of channels utilized for communicating data may be dynamically altered by monitoring changes to the utilization and/or availability of resources. For example, the number of channels may be altered based on available bandwidth on one or more channels, based on capacity and/or available space of one or more buffers, and/or based on available power or desired power consumption of a transmitter.

Abstract: A signal generation apparatus and signal receiving apparatus according to an Interleaved Frequency Division Multiple Access scheme is provided. The signal generation apparatus generates a plurality of complex symbols by digital-modulating a plurality of data symbols, and rotates the generated plurality of complex symbols in a plurality of each different phase angles. The signal generation apparatus generates a plurality of transmission symbols by repeating a plurality of rotated complex symbols at predetermined times, and rotating the repeatedly generated plurality of transmission chips in phase angles of an orthogonal phase sequence for the respective users. When the signal receiving apparatus receives the plurality of transmission symbols generated as described above, the maximum diversity gain may be obtained.

Abstract: A clocking circuit of a receiving unit performs a clocking operation synchronously with a network clock. A packet output circuit of the receiving unit outputs a second packet included in a first packet and outputs a control signal indicating normality/abnormality of output timing of the second packet based on a result of comparing a time of the clocking circuit and a time of first time information included in the first packet. A clock adjusting circuit of a processing unit synchronizes, when the second packet includes second time information indicating a time based on a transmitting side reference clock and when the control signal indicates normality, a receiving side reference clock with the transmitting side reference clock based on a result of comparing a time based on the receiving side reference clock and a time of the second time information.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an apparatus for providing clock synchronization in a packet-based network, the network having as components nodes and links therebetween and having a network topology, is arranged to compute a forward clock synchronization packet path to a synchronization destination from the network topology according to a computation rule such that the return path for a clock synchronization packet from the synchronization destination is the same as the forward path.

Abstract: Jitter in a clock signal can cause communications faults in communications networks, such as in networks in which downstream nodes use recovered clock signals as timing for upstream communications. An embodiment of the present invention detects and compensates for jitter in a network by recovering a reference clock associated with communications signals between nodes, such as an Optical Line Terminal (OLT) and Optical Network Terminal (ONT) in a Passive Optical Network (PON). A local clock is synchronized with the reference clock. Jitter induced faults may be detected and compensated for by increasing the synchronization rate, then decreasing the synchronization rate until jitter induced faults begin to occur. A loss or change in a rate of communications errors occurring as a function of the synchronization rate may be monitored and reported to a system operator. Compensating for jitter by adjusting the synchronization rate provides for robust communications between network nodes.

Abstract: A method for synchronizing clocks in a packet transport network. The method comprises, receiving an external network clock at a central packet network node and transmitting timing information to a plurality of packet network devices, the timing information based upon the external network clock. The method further comprises, transmitting and receiving data that is synchronized to the timing information to a plurality of connected packet network devices. And finally, delivery of packets to an external interface via a packet network that contains data synchronized to the external network clock.

Abstract: The invention is directed to efficient transfer of low bit rate services in a communication system. A synchronization symbol which has known characteristics may be included as a first symbol of digital broadcast frames. The synchronization symbol, which can be decoded without having to resort to trial and error methods, contains parameters for the rest of the signal. Low bit rate services are allocated to time slots following the pilot symbol used for synchronization allowing for fast access times with maximum power saving capabilities. A user terminal wakes up just before the synchronization symbol and received the data allocated for the low bit rate services. The user terminal may power off for the remaining time slots which are allocated for higher bit services to conserve power.

Abstract: A video enable answering machine having many new features including customized video announcement messages, caller ID based video announcement messages, and time based video announcement messages.

Abstract: A multiplexer circuit complies with Multimedia over Coax Alliance (MoCA) specifications and is adapted to be disposed between an input end and an output end. The multiplexer circuit includes a first adapter and a second adapter. The first adapter includes a first high pass filter and a first low pass filter connected in series to the first high pass filter. The second adapter is connected in parallel to the first adapter, and includes a second low pass filter and a second high pass filter connected in series to the second low pass filter. The first high pass filter and the second low pass filter are adapted to be disposed closer to the input end compared to the first low pass filter and the second high pass filter.

Abstract: A monoblock laser cavity includes a plurality of discrete optical components disposed serially on a substrate and sharing a common optical axis. The optical components include a laser rod of gain material, a Q-switch, an OPO crystal, an output coupler, and a positive lens. The output coupler has a convex input end face and a concave output end face, and acts as the expanding lens element of a beam expander, and the positive lens completes the beam expander to improve the beam quality.

Abstract: An apparatus/method may comprise a line narrowed pulsed lithography laser light source which may comprise: a seed pulse providing laser system which may comprise: a first pulsed seed laser producing seed pulses at a rate of X kHz; a second pulsed seed laser producing seed pulses at a rate of X kHz; an amplification system which may comprise: a first amplifier gain system which may comprise a first and a second pulsed gas discharge amplifier gain medium, each with a nominal center wavelength in the UV range, and each operating at ½ X kHz on output pulses from the first seed laser; a second amplifier gain system which may comprise a first and a second pulsed amplifier gain medium, each with a nominal center wavelength in the UV range, and each operating at ½ X kHz on output pulses from the second seed laser.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a scanning unit that deflects and scans a laser beam emitted from a laser beam source, an optical system that guides the laser beam onto a photoconductive drum, a storing unit that stores plural correction patterns that give a series of correction values for correcting an amount of laser beams in one scanning, a selecting unit that selects a correction group including at least two kinds of correction patterns out of the stored correction patterns, a switching unit that switches the at least two kinds of correction patterns belonging to the selected group at predetermined timing, a correcting unit that corrects, on the basis of the correction patterns switched by the switching unit, an amount of laser beams being scanned, and a printing unit that prints, on one medium, plural images formed on the photoconductive drum by laser beams corrected by the respective correction patterns.

Abstract: An improved laser scanning microscope and method of use are disclosed that enable polarization anisotropy measurements to be made with greater sensitivity and accuracy. A controllable optical element is provided in a light path between a laser source and a sample, and is controlled so that the sample is alternately irradiated with light beams that are orthogonally polarized. This enables the signal strength to be higher than with previous laser scanning microscopes. Moreover, because the orthogonally polarized light beams that are alternately incident onto a sample may be switched at a high rate, a reduction may be achieved in the influence of molecular motion within a sample in which high speed biological reactions are observed.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems, and methods are provided that utilize a material inserted into a laser cavity such the material has an optical length that varies as the laser cavity varies to keep the repetition rate constant. The material may provide auto-stabilization of the optical output form the laser cavity.

Abstract: An apparatus/method which may comprise a line narrowed pulsed excimer or molecular fluorine gas discharge laser system which may comprise a seed laser oscillator producing an output comprising a seed laser output light beam of pulses which may comprise a first gas discharge excimer or molecular fluorine laser chamber; a line narrowing module within a first oscillator cavity; a laser amplification stage containing an amplifying gain medium in a second gas discharge excimer or molecular fluorine laser chamber receiving the output of the seed laser oscillator and amplifying the output of the seed laser oscillator to form a laser system output comprising a laser system output light beam of pulses, which may comprise a ring power amplification stage; a seed injection mechanism.

Abstract: The hologram recording technology expected to realize ultrahigh-density information recording is one of the post Blu-ray Disc technology. When we think about developing a drive based on this technology and suitable for consumer electronics, it is considered most desirable from the viewpoint of upward compatibility to solve the problem of the BD-compatibility. The problem in sharing the laser light source between the hologram recording device and the current optical disc device, however, is that the hologram recording requires a high-coherent, single-mode light beam, while the current optical discs requires a low-coherent, multi-mode light beam. In point of the coherence of the light source, the above two cases require the light beams of the characteristics opposite to each other, and this presents an important task.

Abstract: A method for a calibration module to calibrate laser bias current in an optical transceiver. The method comprises causing the calibration module to configure a control module of the optical transceiver for a calibration operation, causing the calibration module to determine a laser bias current monitored by the control module, and determining one or more calibration factor values that cause the laser bias current monitored by the control module to substantially match a laser bias current as measured by an external test meter.

Abstract: A wavelength detector capable of distinguishing between the changes of a transverse mode and of a longitudinal mode of a laser light and thus detecting the change of the wavelength of the laser light with high accuracy is provided. In a wavelength detector 13: a diffraction grating 16 diffracts a laser light emerging from a laser light source 10; photodetectors 50a and 50b are positioned symmetrically with respect to a 0-order diffracted light diffracted by the diffraction grating 16; and light incidence surfaces 51a and 51b of the photodetectors 50a and 50b, respectively, have the same shape and are each divided into a plurality of areas.

Abstract: A solar light pumped laser performing laser oscillation by pumping a laser medium with solar light, the solar light pumped laser including, a laser medium 12, a container device 14 that supports the laser medium 12 therein, the container device 14 being provided with a focusing optical element 22 for irradiating solar light focused along the laser medium 12, while retaining cooling liquid in a space between the laser medium 12 and the container device 14, and additionally, a pair of optical reflection elements (16, 18) arranged adjacent to the opposing ends of the laser medium. An end of the container device 14 has Brewster's angle. Further, the cooling liquid according to the present invention contains water functioning as an optical medium to form a water lens simultaneously with cleaning the focusing optical element 22.