Abstract: A manufacturing method of white light LED and a structure thereof include first, a substrate being prepared to be formed as a consecutively connected holder, on a first electrode of which non-conductive fluorescent glue is coated to form a fluorescent layer, on which a blue light chip is fixed; second, two conducting wires being welded onto the chip and electrically connected to both the first electrode and the second electrode of the holder respectively, finally, glue body encapsulating the holder, the fluorescent layer, the chip, and the two conducting wires to form a photic zone, over which a frame body encloses; furthermore, a window being formed on the frame body and provided for making the photic zone exposed.

Abstract: A mirror magnetic field forming device is disposed in each discharge unit space (or discharge cell) of a plasma display panel. The mirror magnetic field forming device is formed by providing magnetic members for respective two bulkheads facing each other through the discharge unit space. The two magnetic members form a mirror magnetic field in the discharge unit space. The mirror magnetic field prevents electrons from colliding with the bulkheads and disappearing.

Abstract: A multi-layer electrode including a first metal layer including a first binder having a first acid value and a second metal layer arranged on the first metal layer, the second metal layer including a second binder having a second acid value that is smaller than the first acid value, a method of forming the multi-layer electrode and a plasma display panel (PDP) including the multi-layer electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas discharge tube or the like having a structure for enabling the maintenance of discharge startability and the prevention of the shortening of the life of an anode section and for increasing the amount of visible light from a visible light source passing through a discharge path restricting section. The gas discharge tube comprises a sealed vessel in which gas is encapsulated. A cathode section and anode section for generating discharge are arranged in the sealed vessel. Furthermore, a discharge path restricting section for narrowing a discharge path is arranged between the cathode section and the anode section. In particular, an opening portion is formed in the anode section, and the cross section of the opening portion has a non-circular shape where the maximum opening width in a first direction is different from that in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction.

Abstract: An electric lamp with a fuse seal, which seals off the lamp bulb, a metal seal with power supply wires and feed lines being provided in the fuse seal, and the metal seal with power supply wires and feed lines being provided with a structure, which has been produced by a laser.

Abstract: A lamp is provided having terminal pins mounted on and extending outwardly along a longitudinal axis of an end cap of the lamp. The pins are offset relative to one another along the longitudinal axis. The end cap has semi-circular, parallel surfaces with an asymmetrical section or recess at one end, and the pins extend outwardly from the respective semi-circular, parallel surfaces. A barrier wall extends substantially perpendicularly between the semi-circular surfaces.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a display including: a pixel array part configured to include pixels that are arranged in a matrix, each having an electro-optical element, a write transistor for writing a video signal, a drive transistor for driving the electro-optical element based on the video signal written by the write transistor, and a holding capacitor connected between the gate and source of the drive transistor, wherein the holding capacitor includes a first electrode, a second electrode disposed to face one surface of the first electrode for forming a first capacitor, and a third electrode disposed to face the other surface of the first electrode for forming a second capacitor, and the first capacitor and the second capacitor are connected in parallel to each other electrically.

Abstract: A method of manually overriding automatic activation of an automatic headlight control system for a motor vehicle, headlamps operable in a high beam state and a low beam state, a high/low beam switch movable from a neutral position to a latched position and from a neutral position to a non-latched position for controlling the state of the headlamps and a headlamp on/off switch comprising a multi-position switch with at least a selectively automatic headlamp position is disclosed. The system includes forward-facing sensor for collecting light emanating from for instance a second vehicle, and a controller for controlling, when the headlamp switch is detected as being in the automatic headlamp position, the headlamp states as a function of the sensed intensity of the beam of light emanating from said second vehicle.

Abstract: A power supply apparatus for controlling an ion accelerator includes a controller configured to adjust magnitude of ion acceleration in the ion accelerator. The controller controls an anode voltage applied to an anode electrode of the ion accelerator, a gas flow rate of gas flowing through a gas flow rate regulator of the ion accelerator, and magnetic flux density at an ion exit of the ion accelerator to satisfy a formula given as follows: 500 × 10 9 < ? · V a · Q d · S · B 2 where S is a sectional area of the ion exit [m2]; d is an ion accelerating region length [m]; ? is a magnetic flux bias ratio; Va is anode voltage [V]; Q is gas flow rate [sccm]; and B is magnetic flux density at the ion exit [T].

Abstract: A helicon plasma source has a discharge tube, a radio frequency antenna disposed proximate the discharge tube, and a permanent magnet positioned with respect to the discharge tube so that the discharge tube is in a far-field region of a magnetic field produced by the permanent magnet.

Abstract: The invention provides an active matrix EL display device which can perform a clear multi-gray scale color display. In particular, the invention provides a large active matrix EL display device at low cost by a manufacturing method which can selectively form a pattern. Power supply lines in a pixel portion are arranged in matrix by the manufacturing method which can selectively form a pattern. Further, capacitance between wirings is reduced by providing a longer distance between adjacent wirings by the manufacturing method which can selectively form a pattern.

Abstract: A driver for electroluminescent (EL) lamps is an integrated circuit that includes a first transistor, a second transistor, and an inductor connected in series between the first transistor and the second transistor. The driver also includes at least four output circuits coupled to said inductor for separately driving at least four electroluminescent lamps. The driver further includes memory for storing data representing dimming levels and device addresses. Data is communicated to the driver through a serial interface that recognizes at least one standard protocol.

Abstract: A circuit (10) for powering a halogen lamp (20) comprises an inverter (100) and an output circuit (300). During operation, the inverter (100) and output circuit (300) provide a magnitude-limited current to the halogen lamp such that the lamp power during an initial period is substantially less than the lamp power during a steady-state operating period. Preferably, output circuit (300) is a non-isolated circuit that includes a current-limiting inductance, and inverter (100) includes a frequency control circuit (R2,C4,C7,Q3,R3,R5,C8) for operating the inverter at a higher frequency during the initial period so as to reduce stress upon the lamp filament and preserve the operating life of the lamp. The circuit (10) is especially suitable for powering low voltage halogen lamps.

Abstract: Even in a high pressure discharge lamp causing temperature difference between electrodes when an AC current is supplied, the temperature difference is eliminated to suppress the arc movement, thereby suppressing flickering caused thereby during stable lighting. The lamp current is formed into a current waveform including a standard period current supplied at a predetermined standard period and a short period current of a period shorter than the same and, on every one-half period of the standard period current, formed into a current waveform by supplying the short period current inverting the polarity from the identical polarity to the opposite polarity in the next one-half period for 1 period, in which the duty ratio before and after the polarity inversion of the short period current and the duty ratio before and after the polarity inversion side can be decided automatically by the duty ratio.

Abstract: A kind of fluorescent lamp driver power consists of the multi-switch converting circuit, power transformer, resonant inductor, resonant capacitor, step-up transformer and rectifier. The primary winding (PW) of the power transformer connects with the AC output of multi-switch converting circuit. The resonant inductor and resonant capacitor, after series connection, connect to the secondary winding (SW) of the power transformer through the PW of the step-up transformer. The SW of the power transformer connects with the rectifier. The SW of the step-up transformer connects with the load output. This invention combines the fluorescent lamp driver power and the power supply of the control system, so that the energy transformation occurs only once for the output from the Power Factor Correction (PFC) Circuit to lamp. By using this invention, the system cost is lowered greatly by saving two converters, working efficiency remarkably enhanced and system stability improved as well.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a kind of fluorescent lamp driver, which consists of the multi-switch converting circuit, power transformer (T1), resonant inductor (L1), resonant capacitor (C3) and step-up transformer (T2). It features the followings: The primary winding (PW) of T1 connects with the AC output of multi-switch converting circuit. L1 and C3, after series connection, connect with the secondary winding (SW) of T1 through the PW of T2. The SW of T2 connects with the load output. In this invention, a resonant inductor is connected in series on the resonant loop to realize frequency and voltage modulation as well as the soft switch function of the primary power switch of the power transformer.

Abstract: A DC/AC cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) inverter circuit includes a transformer with a primary winding and a secondary winding for providing increased voltage to a CCFL, a first and second MOSFET switches for selectively allowing direct current of a first polarity and a second polarity to flow through the transformer respectively. The primary and secondary windings of the transformer are electrically coupled to ground. A capacitor divider is electrically coupled to the CCFL for providing a first voltage signal representing a voltage across the CCFL. A first feedback signal line receives the first voltage signal. A timer circuit is coupled to the first feedback signal line for providing a time-out sequence of a predetermined duration when the first voltage signal exceeds a predetermined threshold. A protection circuit shuts down the first switch and the second switch when the first voltage signal exceeds the predetermined threshold after the predetermined duration.

Abstract: A lighting control circuit includes a dimmer circuit which is provided for an electrical outlet. An inductive load detection circuit is provided for identifying the presence of an inductive load in the electrical outlet. When an inductive load is sensed, dimming of the power directed to the electrical outlet is stopped such that full power is delivered to prevent damage to the load. The inductive load detection circuit identifies the presence of an induction load by sensing voltage spikes. In one embodiment, diodes which have a high impedance at lower voltages, but are largely conductive at higher voltages are utilized to achieve this control.

Abstract: The invention includes an electronic ballast that is operable to receive a ballast factor setting that enables the ballast to provide a desired ballast factor when the ballast drives a lamp. The electronic ballast includes an input that is adapted to receive a ballast factor setting that represents a desired ballast factor for the ballast and a respective lamp. The ballast further includes a memory that is adapted to store the ballast factor setting, and the ballast includes a processor that uses the ballast factor setting stored in the memory to cause the ballast to provide the desired ballast factor as the ballast drives the lamp. The ballast includes means for substantially preventing subsequently changing the ballast factor setting stored in the memory. Various business methods are further provided as a function of the electronic ballast.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for improving LED performance are disclosed in which, in one exemplary embodiment, a lamp having one or more LEDs is powered by at least one rechargeable battery that may be recharged by solar photovoltaic panel or any number of DC or AC power sources, including a car battery or household AC outlets. The power to illuminate the LEDs from the rechargeable battery is regulated by a control circuit that enables the LEDs to illuminate for at least twice the operating time for the same LEDs and the same rechargeable battery without the control circuit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for adjusting the luminous flux of a lamp, which, in one embodiment, comprises a conversion unit for converting a main voltage into a supply voltage to be applied to one or more lamp or light elements. The device also comprises a microcontroller which controls the conversion unit in accordance with a luminous flux adjustment program which may be based on current date and time. The device also includes a receiver (for example, a GPS receiver) to receive a broadcast signal carrying date and time information employed by controller when executing the luminous flux adjustment program or for updating a clock/calendar module. The present invention also relates to a system incorporating such a device as well as to a related method for adjusting the luminous flux of a lamp.

Abstract: System and method for driving a cold-cathode fluorescent lamp. The system includes a control subsystem configured to generate one or more control signals, and a power supply subsystem configured to receive the one or more control signals and a DC input voltage, convert the DC input voltage to an AC output voltage, and send the AC output voltage to a cold-cathode fluorescent lamp. If the DC input voltage is lower than a predetermined threshold, the system for driving the cold-cathode fluorescent lamp is turned off in response to the one or more control signals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a light emitting diode (LED) luminary system (10) comprising a plurality of LED light sources (14) of multiple colors for producing a mixed color light, and means (28) for controlling the LED light sources in accordance with differences between set point values representing a mixed color light having a desired color and first control data representing the color of the mixed color light produced by the LED light sources, the first control data being provided by at least one color sensor (22). The system is characterized by means (30, 32) for deriving the temperature of each LED light source, and means (26) for compensating the set point values in accordance with second control data including the LED light source temperatures. This offers increased color stability for the system. The invention also relates to a method and system for controlling a LED luminary.

Abstract: A light source driving device is for driving a plurality of light sources of a light source module (12), and comprises an inverter circuit (11), a current sampling circuit (13) and a PWM controller (14). The inverter circuit converts a received DC signal to an electrical signal adapted for driving the light sources. The current sampling circuit for sampling current flowing through the inverter circuit, comprises an impedance detecting component (Z11) and an amplifying circuit (132), the impedance detecting component detects the current from the inverter circuit, the amplifying circuit is connected to the impedance detecting component for amplifying the current signal. The PWM controller is connected to the current sampling circuit for receiving the amplified current signal output from the current sampling circuit, and generating a control signal to the inverter circuit to control output thereof.

Abstract: An actuator arrangement comprises a plurality of linearly extendable actuators arranged to be driven by a common electrically driven motor, each actuator, being provided with limit stops to limit extension and/or retraction thereof, wherein the limit stops of the actuators are positioned such that a first one of the actuators has a smaller range of permitted extension than at least a second one of the actuators.

Abstract: A method for controlling a mechanically commutated electric motor, wherein the rotational angle of the output of said motor is determined by means of detection of the change in back electromotive force, when the electric motor commutates, and wherein the power supply to the electric motor is halted after a predetermined number of detected commutations.

Abstract: Provided is a drive regenerative control system of a drivee with a motor superior in torque and weight balance and suitable for miniaturization as the drive source. In a drive regenerative control system having a drive source with an electric motor, a drivee, a control circuit having a drive control circuit of the motor and a regenerative control circuit, and a detection unit for detecting the driving status of the drivee, the drive control circuit and regenerative control circuit have a control unit for controlling, linearly or in multiple stages, the duty ratio of the drive or regenerative signal to be supplied to the motor based on the phase difference of the phase of the detection signal from the detection unit and the command value signal to the motor.

Abstract: The brushless motor has a first and second drive member. The first drive member is equipped with M phase coil groups each having N electromagnetic coils where M is an integer of 1 or greater and N is an integer of 1 or greater. The second drive member has a plurality of permanent magnets, and is able to move relative to the first drive member. The first drive member has 2 (M×N) magnetic body cores. Each phase electromagnetic coil is coiled on a periodically selected magnetic body core at a ratio of 1 to 2M from among the arrangement of 2 (M×N) magnetic body cores.

Abstract: In a predetermined operating state of an electric motor 3 of an axial air-gap type, control is carried out as follows. A phase difference between an electric current supplied to an armature winding 13a of one of the stators 12a and an electric current supplied to an armature winding 13b of the other stator 12a is set so as to suppress a variation in an output torque of the electric motor 3, and electric currents having the phase difference are supplied to the armature windings 13a, 13b of the stators 12a, 12b. In an operating state other than the predetermined operating state, an electric current supplied to the armature winding 13a of the one of the stators 12a and an electric current supplied to the armature winding 13b of the other stator 12b are in a same phase.

Abstract: A control system aims at converting, via a switching circuit, a direct current voltage into an alternating current voltage to be applied to multiphase windings of a multiphase rotary machine to thereby control rotation of the multiphase rotary machine. In the control system, a command voltage determiner determines a command voltage value for an alternating current voltage to be applied to the multiphase windings based on a zero crossing of a line-to-line current and a zero crossing of the amount of change in the line-to-line current. A driving unit drives the switching circuit on and off based on the determined command voltage value to thereby modulate the direct current voltage to the alternating current voltage to be applied to the multiphase windings.

Abstract: The following invention is an electromechanical system (1) that is to be connected to an electricity supply (7), comprising: an electric machine (2) that can operate as an independent generator with a rotating shaft, and a switching system (9) allowing i) in the first configuration, the electric machine to operate as a motor in the case where the connected device (4) is normally driven or as a generator in the case where the coupled device is normally driving, and ii) in the second configuration, the electric machine to operate as an independent generator, the electrical energy generated by the electric machine (2; 22) being dissipated in the machine and in a dissipative load (13).

Abstract: A robot arm 3 includes a base-side arm component 11, an intermediate arm component 12, and a tip-side arm component 13. The intermediate arm component 12 is divided at an axially intermediate position into a base-side part 20 and a tip-side part 21, which are connected so as not to be separated from each other in the arm axis direction but rotatable around the arm axis. The base-side part 20 fixedly contains a moving device 31 for axially moving a drive shaft. The tip-side part 21 fixedly contains a threaded member 32 meshed with a thread groove formed in the outer surface of the drive shaft. The drive shaft is axially moved while being meshed with the threaded member 32 so that the threaded member 32 rotates around the drive shaft. As a result, the tip-side part 21 rotates in the arm axis direction.

Abstract: A controller of an electric motor for improving operation efficiency in performing electric conducting control of the electric motor of an axial air-gap type is provided.

Abstract: In an electric vehicle drive apparatus having an electric motor and a motor drive device, the electric motor having a stator, a rotor and a moving mechanism capable of changing a relative distance between the stator and the rotor to vary an effective magnetic flux of the motor, the motor drive device compares a regenerative current with a target current during a regenerative control of the motor, and when it is found that the regenerative current is larger than the target current, the distance between the stator and the rotor is increased to reduce the effective magnetic flux.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for driving a compressor, which are capable of being suitably used for driving a refrigeration system such as a refrigerator with high efficiency and low noise. The compressor driving apparatus including a motor and a compressor driven by the motor includes an inverter which supplies power to the motor to drive the motor; a rotator position detector which detects the position of a rotator of the motor; and an inverter drive controller which includes at least one wave generator for generating an optimal driving wave according to an operation mode and a control mode of the motor, stores the generated optimal driving wave, and drives the inverter with the generated wave.

Abstract: A fuel cell power supply system integrated with rechargeable batteries comprises a fuel cell unit, a rechargeable battery device and a loop switching device. The fuel cell unit outputs DC power; the rechargeable battery device comprises a plurality of rechargeable batteries which are secondary cells and able to output or input DC power; and the loop switching device comprises a DC power output terminal and an electrical connect/disconnect selection means. The fuel cell unit and the rechargeable batteries are respectively electrically connected to the loop switching device, and the loop switching device selects electrical contact between the fuel cell unit and any rechargeable battery in the rechargeable battery device, and selects electrical connection between any other rechargeable battery in the rechargeable battery device and DC power output terminal of the loop switching device.

Abstract: A method for sensing detachment of a external battery in a portable terminal including a connector with which the external battery is detachably assembled includes determining that the external battery is assembled with the connector when an output voltage is observed, connecting the connector and an internal battery of the portable terminal to supply power from the external battery to the internal battery, disconnecting the connector from the internal battery to check an output voltage of the connector, and determining that the external battery has been detached from the connector when an output voltage is not observed.

Abstract: A battery adapter system and night-vision scope using same is disclosed. The system includes a housing having a body portion and a reversible cap adapted to screw on and off of the body portion. The body portion has an interior sized to accommodate the whole of a relatively short and wide 3-volt lithium battery or to partially accommodate the narrower, taller 1.5-volt AA battery. The reversible cap has an open end and an interior, and has outer threads that allow the cap to screw to the body portion in either of two orientations. When using the lithium battery, the cap is screwed onto the body portion in a first orientation that forms a first sealed housing interior that does not include the cap interior. When using the AA battery, the cap is screwed onto the body portion in a second orientation wherein the cap open end is first placed over the portion of the AA battery that protrudes from the body portion. This forms a second sealed housing interior that includes the cap interior.

Abstract: The battery adapter system includes a housing having a body portion and a reversible cap adapted to screw on and off of the body portion. The body portion has an interior sized to accommodate the whole of a relatively short and wide 3-volt lithium battery or to partially accommodate the narrower, taller 1.5-volt AA battery. The reversible cap has an open end and an interior, and has outer threads that allow the cap to screw to the body portion in either of two orientations. When using the smaller and wider lithium battery, the cap is screwed onto the body portion in a first orientation that forms a first sealed housing interior that does not include the cap interior. When using the taller and thinner AA battery, the cap is screwed onto the body portion in a second orientation wherein the cap open end is first placed over the portion of the AA battery that protrudes from the body portion. This forms a second sealed housing interior that includes the cap interior.

Abstract: An energy management system for a transport device, in particular for a motor vehicle running on fuel and electricity, includes an energy source, an intermediate energy store and an electric energy consumer, in particular an electric drive. Control and/or regulation of the provision of energy, which is dependent on information relating to future energy requirements and supplied by means of at least one part of the transport device can be carried out by the energy management system by means of the intermediate energy store and/or the energy requirements.

Abstract: An electronic timepiece with a generator function according to a first aspect of the invention has a generator, a storage unit that stores electrical energy produced by the generator, a timekeeping controller that is driven by the electrical energy stored in the storage unit, a time display that is controlled by the timekeeping controller and displays time, a voltage detector that detects the voltage of the storage unit, and a discharge unit that discharges the charge stored in the storage unit when the voltage of the storage unit detected by the voltage detector reaches a preset first setting.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a charging apparatus of portable device, which charges a battery module of the portable devices. The charging apparatus includes a sensing circuit, a control unit, and a linear charging circuit. The sensing circuit detects the voltage of a power adapter when the power adapter is plug to the portable devices, and then produces a sensing signal and transmits it to the control unit. The control unit produces a control signal according to the sensing signal and the remaining capacity of the battery module. The present invention features that the linear charging circuit receives an output power of the sensing circuit and charges the battery module according the control signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods that recharge power supply units of portable electronic devices by leveraging energy harvesting or scavenging techniques. A recharge component accumulates energy from a plurality of sources, and supplies an electric current to the portable electronic device for a charge thereof. The sources of energy are based on routine user actions such as muscle movements (e.g., walking, movement of eye lashes, body heat), and can further consider environmental factors such as exposure to sunlight, temperature, as well as availability of external power sources.

Abstract: A battery pulsation system including a battery having a plurality of cells and a pulsation device connected to the battery to supply a pulsation energy to the plurality of cells, the pulsation energy having a pulsation amplitude and a pulsation frequency, wherein the pulsation device is adapted to control the pulsation amplitude of the pulsation energy.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a first switching element which shuts off a discharging current flowing to a battery cell and a second switching element which shuts off a charging current. A positive temperature coefficient thermistor is inserted between a gate control terminal of a protective control circuit and a gate of at least one of the switching elements, and a resistor is connected between the gate and a source of the switching element. The positive temperature coefficient thermistor is thermally connected to one or more of the first and second switching elements and/or to the battery cell. Thus, an abnormally overheated state of one or more of the switching elements or the battery cell leads to an increase in the resistance of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor causing shut-off of the switching element thereby protecting the battery pack.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for safely recharging a battery. A current source is coupled to a node and configured to produce a current. The battery is coupled to the node, and is configured to recharge during a recharging cycle based on receiving the current through the node. An overvoltage protection system is coupled between the node and the current source, and configured to disable the current source when a voltage at the node exceeds a threshold value. For example, the current source may be substantially instantaneously disabled when this occurs.

Abstract: Electrical systems and methods are described.

Abstract: System and method for power controller. According to an embodiment, the present invention provides a power factor correction apparatus. The apparatus includes a multiplier component that is configured to process a first input signal and a second input signal. For example, the first input signal is associated with a rectified alternating current signal, and the second input signal is associated with an error signal. The multiplier component further is configured to generate a first output signal based on the first input signal and the second input signal. The apparatus also includes a comparator component that is configured to process a third input signal and fourth input signal. The third input signal is associated with the first output signal. The comparator component is further configured to generate a second output signal based on the third input signal and the fourth input signal.

Abstract: A power factor correction circuit (42/44) responsive to an input power supply signal at an input supply voltage (VAC) that varies largely sinusoidally with time at a fundamental supply frequency contains regulator/control circuitry (60, 62, and 64) for measuring and removing overtones (ILDm or IFWRm) in the input supply current (ILD) or in a rectified form (IFWR) of the input supply current. Each overtone is expressible as the product of an amplitude component (Im) and a sinusoidal function (Im sin [(m+1)?ACt]) that varies with time at an integer multiple of the fundamental supply frequency. The regulator/control circuitry measures an overtone by determining the overtone's amplitude component. After generating an adjustment factor (SADJ) largely as the product of that overtone's amplitude component and an associated sinusoidal function, the regulator/control circuitry adjusts the input supply current or its rectified form by an amount corresponding to the adjustment factor for each measured overtone.

Abstract: A power converter control method and apparatus is disclosed. An example power converter controller according to aspects of the present invention includes feedback sampling circuitry to be coupled to an output of a power converter. The feedback sampling circuitry is to generate feedback signal samples after a conduction of a power switch is terminated during enabled switching cycles. Switch conduction control circuitry is coupled to the feedback sampling circuitry. The switch conduction circuitry includes switch conduction enable circuitry that is coupled to enable or disable the conduction of the power switch during a switching cycle in response to the feedback signal samples. The power switch is caused to conduct during at least a portion of an enabled switching cycle and prevented from conducting during an entirety of a disabled switching cycle.