Abstract: A monostatic sodar system (10) for atmospheric sounding includes a processor and display unit (12) that generates a set of acoustic chirps for transmission by transmitter 20. Discontinuities (22, 24 and 26) result in echoes (28, 30 and 32) being returned to a receiver (38) of system (10). Receiver (38) outputs extracted echo signals on line to the processor (12) for analysis. Detector (36) implements a Fourier domain matched-filter to extract echo signals from noise. By using a set of multiple chirps of increasing length with increasing intervals between them, substantially any feasible range can be accommodated using send-then-listen techniques with the benefit of high s/n performance.

Abstract: An electronic appliance includes a microphone which detects a clapping sound, an edge signal extractor, an edge pulse generator and a judgment processing circuit. The judgment processing circuit generates a first gate having a first time width to detect whether or not a second clapping sound has been generated after elapse of a first predetermined time from a first time when the microphone detects a first clapping sound and the edge pulse generator generates the first edge pulse corresponding to the first clapping sound. Subsequently, the judgment processing circuit generates a second gate having a second time width to detect whether or not a third clapping sound has been generated after elapse of a second predetermined time from a second time when the edge pulse generator generates the second edge pulse corresponding to the second clapping sound.

Abstract: An electronic calendar provides a large area switch array with multiple dedicated date entry buttons and multiple date entry modes to substantially reduce operator access time. Lightweight low profile circuitry allows the calendar to be easily attached by a consumer to the front of a refrigerator or the like and audio messaging eliminates time-consuming handwritten entries.

Abstract: A push-actuated control device for watches includes a push-piece button (1) connected with a push-piece shaft (2) passing through a push-piece pipe (3) intended to be accommodated in the watchcase. The device further includes a compression ring (4) screwed onto the push-piece pipe (3) and a compression gasket (5) placed between pipe (3) and ring (4), the gasket (5) being compressed while ring (4) is in a screwed first position. Compression ring (4) on a segment of its inner circumference includes a twofold axial stop (4.1, 4.2), and push-piece button (1) includes a projection (1.1) on its outer circumference, so that compression ring (4) cooperates with push-piece button (1) to block the push-piece button (1) in its first position, and liberate it in an unscrewed second position.

Abstract: To provide a timepiece in which operations for a rotation stop of a bezel and its release are easy, and reliability and a durability of the rotation stop are high. A bezel is disposed in a bezel disposition part of a case band so as to be capable of rotation-operating, and positioning parts and lock parts, which comprise plural concave-convex portions juxtaposed in a direction of the rotation, are formed in a back face of the bezel. To the case band, there is attached a clip stop mechanism (positioning means), which permits clockwise and counterclockwise rotations of the bezel by engaging with and disengaging from the positioning part, and holds the bezel in a position in which the rotation of the bezel is stopped. Between the case band and the back face of the bezel, a lock member is disposed so as to be movable in a diameter direction of the case band.

Abstract: An optical information recording method of recording information three-dimensionally by irradiating a laser light beam onto a medium having a servo information plane on which address information and/or servo information is recorded, is disclosed. The method includes the steps of: dividing a laser light beam from one laser light source into laser light beams, the beam including a first light beam for reading the information, and a second light beam for recording information onto the recording medium; irradiating the first light beam onto the servo information plane to read the information from reflected light of the first light beam to read the information in which optical axes of the first light beam and second light beam are arranged coaxially; and irradiating the second light beam based on the read information to be focused onto a position in a depth direction perpendicular to a horizontal direction of the recording medium.

Abstract: A processing circuit for optical data is provided. The processing circuit includes a signal-processing module and a radio frequency (RF) signal-summing module. The signal-processing module averages and filters the data signals to obtain a low-frequency signal. The RF signal-summing module receives the data signals and the low-frequency signal, sums the data signals to obtain a summed data signal, and subtracts the low-frequency signal from the summed data signal to obtain a RF summing signal.

Abstract: An optical disc apparatus includes a reproduction unit that reproduces a wobble signal on an optical disc, the wobble signal having physical address information subjected to phase modulation by using a code sequence that has a predetermined cycle and that is subjected to code modulation in accordance with a modulation rule common to the cycles; a phase detection unit that performs phase detection to the reproduced wobble signal to demodulate the code sequence; an evaluation value calculating unit that sequentially calculates an evaluation value indicating how much the code sequence coincides with the modulation rule in units of codes in the code sequence; an integrator that cyclically integrates the evaluation value in the cycle; and a synchronous detection unit that detects the presence of the code sequence and a reference position of the code sequence from the integrated evaluation value.

Abstract: In a beam applying method, recording and reproducing operations are performed on an optical recording medium, in which a signal is recorded and reproduced by applying a beam thereto and which has a recording layer on which the signal is recorded, a quarter-wavelength plate formed below the recording layer, a polarizing plate formed further below the quarter-wavelength plate, and a reflecting film formed below the quarter-wavelength plate. The beam applying method includes the steps of; emitting a beam to be applied to the optical recording medium; and driving a quarter-wavelength plate inserted into an optical system serving to guide the emitted beam to the optical recording medium so that the optical axis direction thereof has a predetermined angle difference at the time of performing a recording operation and reproduction.

Abstract: A method of formatting at least one optical information carrier is provided. The method is aimed at creating a plurality of formatting marks that are to be sequentially addressed when reading recording information in the carrier. The method comprises recording the plurality of formatting marks within the carrier volume in an interleaved order, thereby reducing delays in recording locally adjacent formatting marks thus reducing the entire carrier formatting time.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for reading information recorded in a boundary area adjacent to a boundary between a first area and a second area on an optical disc. The method includes: controlling a pick-up head (PUH) to detect the optical disc to generate a detection signal accordingly; moving the PUH along a first direction from a start point; monitoring the detection signal and stopping the PUH when the detection signal changes; moving the PUH along a second direction; monitoring the detection signal and stopping the PUH in the boundary area of the first area when the detection signal changes; and reading the information recorded in the boundary area of the first area by the PUH.

Abstract: A method for generating a calibration value for a tracking error signal in an optical disc drive comprises the steps of performing a plurality of N jumps towards respective target tracks of an optical disc inserted in said optical disc drive; in each jump, calculating a one-jump normalization value; calculating a multi-jump calibration value on the basis of the plurality of N one jump normalization values obtained from the respective jumps. A control signal for controlling the radial actuator of the optical disc drive is generated on the basis of a normalized tracking error signal, which is calculated on the basis of the tracking error signal and the multi jump calibration value.

Abstract: An apparatus according to the present invention includes a write compensation section, which generates a write signal to write information on an information storage medium, and a writing section for irradiating the information storage medium with a pulsed beam based on the write signal generated by the write compensation section. The information storage medium includes a recording layer, which has an optical constant that changes continuously with the total quantity of light received. The writing section radiates and condenses multiple pulsed beams on the recording layer at an interval that is shorter than the diameter of the pulsed beams on the recording layer. The write compensation section generates the write signal such that the each sum of variations in the optical constant at each irradiated spot of the pulsed beam on the recording layer through the end of a write operation forms a predetermined variation pattern.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recording apparatus and a corresponding recording method for recording marks in an information layer (601) of a record carrier (60) by irradiating the information layer by means of a radiation beam, said information layer having a phase reversibly changeable between a first phase and a second phase, wherein a mark is written by a sequence of one or more write pulses, the number of write pulses of the sequence for writing a mark of length NT, T being the length of a reference clock, being determined by application of a predetermined write strategy.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided an optical disc apparatus including: a recording unit forming a mark and a space having a predetermined code length by using a laser beam and, thus, recording data on an optical disc; a crest value acquiring unit acquiring a crest value of the mark and the space for each code length from a readout signal of the optical disc; an asymmetry calculation unit calculating asymmetry value for each code length from the crest value; and a recoding parameter determining unit determining, based on a linear characteristic between the asymmetry value for each code length and the recording power level, an optimal recording parameter including an optimal recording power level of the laser beam, the recoding parameter determining unit determining the optimal recording power level to set the asymmetry value for each code length within a predetermined range.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided an optical disc apparatus including: a recording unit forming a mark and a space on the optical disc by using a laser beam having a set recording power level and, thus, recording data on an optical disc; a reproduction unit reproducing the mark and the space formed on the optical disc; a change amount calculating unit calculating an amount of change in an amplitude of readout signal for the space reproduced by the reproduction unit; and a recording power determining unit determining an optimal recording power level of the laser beam so as to set the calculated amount of change in the amplitude of the readout signal within a predetermined range.

Abstract: A recording and reproducing method of a WORM type recording disc. When a recording stop occurs, a recording stop position is stored, an access is performed again so as to continue thereto, and the recording is restarted. At this time, a recording restarting position is changed according to a factor of the recording stop, thereby enabling the proper recording to be performed. When accessing again, a parameter is changed according to the recording stop factor, thereby avoiding the recording stop from occurring again.

Abstract: By decoding a formatted 1-77PP signal 22 outputted from a BD-ROM formatter 20 at a high speed, comparing it with original data 34 in a comparator unit 30 and checking authenticity of data from the BD-ROM formatter 20 in real time, it is possible to carry out a check of data outputted from the RD-ROM formatter in real time when exposing the 1-77PP data from the BD-ROM formatter.

Abstract: A playback device for information data sets with a microphone, a memory arrangement, and a control unit. The audio markers are recorded with the microphone. The memory arrangement stores the audio markers in association with the respective information data sets. Furthermore, a control unit is coupled to the memory arrangement and to the microphone. In the method of operating the playback device for information data sets, the recognition of an information data set without an associated audio marker triggers the recording of an audio marker, and the newly recorded audio marker is stored in association with the relevant information data set.

Abstract: Provided is an optical disc apparatus which reproduces with use of a PRML method an optical disc having data recorded in a plurality of code lengths, the optical disc apparatus including: an AD conversion unit adapted to convert a reproduction signal of the optical disc into a multi-value digital signal; a waveform equalization unit adapted to perform waveform equalization on the multi-value digital signal on the basis of a predetermined partial response to generate an equalized reproduction signal; a decoding unit adapted to generate decoded data corresponding to data recorded on the optical disc from the equalized reproduction signal; and a crest value extraction unit adapted to extract a crest value for each of the code lengths on the basis of the decoded data and a type of the predetermined partial response.

Abstract: A recording device for recording data on a rewritable optical record carrier (11). The device comprises recording means (21, 22, 25) for forming marks on the record carrier during recording operations by irradiating the record carrier with a radiation beam (24), the marks representing the data. Further, the device comprises control means (20) for controlling the recording operations and beam control means (31) for controlling a write power of the radiation beam with reference to an optimum write power by changing the write power within a predetermined write power range around the optimum write power for subsequent write cycles, each of the write cycles comprising at least one recording operation. Variation of the write power improves the overwrite quality, in particular, in the management area, such as the file system area.

Abstract: Search time increases if spherical aberration has to be varied for each radial location due to the influence of a disk or lens tilt. An optical disk device includes a spherical aberration search unit (spherical aberration setter 52) for varying an amount of spherical aberration applied to a light beam, a focus search unit (focus movement calculator 47 and focus search drive generator 49) for moving the focal point of the light beam from a current information plane to a target information plane, a track search unit (track movement calculator 48 and track search drive generator 50) for moving the focal point of the light beam from a current track to a target track, and a search procedure indication unit (search procedure indicator 41) for actuating the spherical aberration search unit, the focus search unit, and the track search unit, in that order, at the time of a search.

Abstract: An optical disk drive capable of reproducing data even when defects, such as flaws or stains, are present in the disk. A system controller of an optical disk drive reproduces data by setting the maximum speed in accordance with the type of an optical disk, an amount of side-to-side runout, and the like. When reproduction of data becomes impracticable for reasons of meandering of a track, or the like, in the middle of reproduction of data, the rotational speed is decreased, and a retry is performed. However, when reproduction of data becomes impracticable for reasons of flaws or stains, the rotational speed is reversely increased, and a retry is performed.

Abstract: A multi-layered information recording medium comprising a plurality of recording layers, a user data area for recording user data, provided in at least two of the plurality of recording layers, and a defect list storing area for storing a defect list. When at least one defective area is detected in the user data area, the defect list is used to manage the at least one defective area.

Abstract: An optical disk drive capable of reproducing data even when warpage is present in an optical disk. A system controller of the optical disk drive reproduces data by setting a maximum speed in accordance with the type of an optical disk, an amount of side-to-side runout, or the like. In the meantime, when a read error arises as a result of trial reproduction being performed at an outer radius of the disk at startup, warpage is determined to be present in the optical disk, and a limitation on the maximum speed is raised. The rotational speed is set to allowable maximum speed of the optical disk drive, and warpage is corrected by means of centrifugal force. When reproduction becomes impracticable for reasons of meandering of a tack, or the like, during the course of reproduction of data, the rotational speed is decreased, to thus perform a retry.

Abstract: A dropout detection device, a disk reproduction apparatus, and a dropout detection method for detecting the occurrence of a dropout are provided. A low-pass filter outputs, as a signal LFENV, a low-frequency component of an envelope signal ENV generated by an envelope generation circuit, which represents an upper envelope of a first RF signal RF1 input from an RF amplifier unit. An adder adds a shift amount SH to the envelope signal ENV, and outputs a resultant signal as a shifted envelope signal SENV. A comparator outputs a dropout detection signal DET during a time period PT in which the signal LFENV is larger than the shifted envelope signal SENV. A detection control unit detects an amplitude ARF1 of the first RF signal RF1, and changes a frequency gain characteristic of the low-pass filter and the shift amount SH according to the magnitude of the detected amplitude AR1.

Abstract: An optical data recovery system including an optical receiver configured to receive light reflected from an optical medium and produce modulated data, a processing unit configured to transform the modulated data into a series of transform coefficients respectively identifying frequencies of the modulated data at respective times, and the processing unit is configured to identify from the series of transform coefficients defect coefficients associated with positions in the modulated data where the modulated data is corrupted.

Abstract: The invention applies to a 2D storage medium carrying meta-tracks of N (N>1) bit-rows, two adjacent meta-tracks being separated by a guard band of at least one bit-row referred to as guard band bit-row. The invention proposes to store non-content information in the guard band bit-row. The non-content information are clock data and/or control data.

Abstract: A transparent protective layer (106) having a thickness of 100 ?m is formed of a resin film (100), a boundary layer (104) and an adhesive layer (103) on a signal recording layer (102). When nf, ni and na are the indices of refraction of the resin film (100), the boundary layer (104) and the adhesive layer (103), respectively, the relationship among nf, ni, and na satisfies any one of the following equation: na<ni?nf; na>ni?nf; na<nf?ni; or na>nf?ni, and the relationship among nf, ni, and na satisfies the following equation |nf?ni|<|nf?na|. At this time, a protrusion (111) and a scratch (110) are optically buried within the boundary layer (104), reducing scattering of laser beams and disturbance in the wave front which occur in these portions, and thereby, the error rate can be reduced.

Abstract: A record carrier comprises three layers that react with each other when irradiated to form a mark on the record carrier. The three layers are separated by a two separating layers that prevent direct contact of the three layers thus providing stability to the record carrier. By irradiating one or both separating layers a region of those separating layers is destroyed or altered whereby an opening is created and the reaction of the layers adjacent to the separating layer is no longer prevented in that region and a mark can be formed. Since either one or two reactions can take place if one or both separating layers are destroyed or altered multiple reflection levels for a mark can be obtained, thus enabling multilevel recording where a single mark can represent more information compared to the situation where only two reflection levels can be obtained. The size of the resulting opening determines the size of the mark and can thus be used to create a very small mark allowing high density recordings.

Abstract: An optical information recording medium with favorable recording/reproducing characteristics and corrosion resistance is offered. To this end, the optical information recording medium of the present invention comprises in this sequence at least substrate 001 that has a guide groove, reflective layer 002, light-absorbing layer 003, reflected light side protective layer 004, recording layer 006 with optical properties that are transformed reversibly due to irradiation with laser light, incident light side protective layer 012 with a film thickness ?50 nm, resin layer 010, and a transparent substrate 011 that is irradiated with laser light, where incident light side protective layer 012 includes a plurality of material layers, and among this plurality of material layers, a layer that constitutes an incident light side material layer 009 which is the most closest to the transparent substrate has minimum internal stress.

Abstract: An optical medium including a plurality of data layers stacked relative to each other in a dielectric medium. A respective data layer including mark and land regions for having information recorded thereon. A mark region and a land region in the respective data layer are disposed beside each other and have substantially the same optical path length across respective thicknesses of the mark region and the land region. A method and computer program product associated with forming the optical medium which determines whether an admittance curve for a material to be used as the mark region forms an intersection with a desired admittance curve based on the admittance of a land region disposed beside the mark region, and determines a thickness of the material based on the intersection.

Abstract: A hologram optical device, and a compatible optical pickup having the hologram optical device and an information storage medium system employing the hologram optical device. The hologram optical device includes a hologram having a pattern having a period in a 4-step stairway shape. At least one of first, second, third, and fourth steps of the 4-step stairway shape is formed in a different width from at least one other step.

Abstract: An optical pickup including a two-wavelength multilaser for generating a tracking error signal and a focusing error signal with high accuracy without light quantity variations which otherwise might be caused by the interference. An optical beam of first wavelength is emitted from first laser light source, and an optical beam of second wavelength longer than the first wavelength is emitted from second laser light source. The optical beams of the first and second wavelength are each split into at least one main optical beam and two sub-optical beams by a grating having, in a single plane, a first grating pattern area for splitting the optical beam of the first wavelength and a second grating pattern area for splitting the optical beam of the second wavelength. The area of the first grating pattern area is larger than the area of the second grating pattern area.

Abstract: An optical disk drive according to the present invention includes: an optical pickup 6 including a light source 23 that radiates a light beam 21 to irradiate an optical disk 100, at least one objective lens 22 for converging the beam 21, and an actuator that can move the lens 22 perpendicularly to the disk 100; a transport stage 11 for displacing the pickup 6 in a disk radial direction; a rim detecting section 30 for sensing if the irradiated position of the beam 21 has passed an outer edge of the disk 100 while the pickup 6 is being displaced from an inner area of the disk toward the outer edge thereof to conduct a seek operation; and a control section 40 for getting the lens 22 retracted away from the disk 100 by the actuator and getting the pickup 6 displaced toward the inner area of the disk by the transport stage 11 if the irradiated position of the light beam 21 has been sensed to have passed the outer edge of the disk 100.

Abstract: Disclosed is an objective lens for an optical pickup apparatus which records and/or reproduces information with a light beam emitted from a light source, including: a substrate; and an anti-reflection coating comprising at least one layer, formed on a surface of the substrate at a side of the light source, wherein a refractive index of the anti-reflection coating at a peripheral part where an outer edge of an effective light beam transmits is smaller than a refractive index of the anti-reflection coating at a center part where a light beam on an optical axis transmits.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus includes: an optical pickup actuator including an objective lens for converging an optical beam emitted from a light source to a surface of a recording medium, a lens holder for holding the objective lens, an elastic support member for elastically supporting the lens holder at its one end to be capable of driving the lens holder, and a base member for fixing and holding the other end of the elastic support member; a casing that supports the base member of the actuator; a flexible substrate for taking a signal from the optical beam; a substrate pressing member for restricting floating of the flexible substrate; and an actuator restricting holding part that is mounted integrally with the substrate pressing member and holds the base member while restricting operation of the base member to a predetermined operation.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus is provided for recording and/or reproducing information on an optical disc in which information can be recorded at recording positions. The optical pickup apparatus includes: a light source; a relay optical system; an objective lens for converging a light flux onto one of the plurality of recording positions; a photodetector for receiving a light flux from the optical disc; a detector; a first actuator; and a second actuator. The detector is provided for detecting information for keeping a distance between the optical disc and the objective lens a predetermined value. The first actuator is provided for driving the objective lens for keeping the distance between the optical disc and the objective lens the predetermined value. The second actuator is provided for driving the relay optical system corresponding to one of the plurality of recording positions where information is recorded and/or reproduced.

Abstract: An optical disc device includes a control part for causing processing of determining a type of an optical disc to be executed. The processing caused by the control part to be executed for determining the optical disc includes: signal acquisition processing of acquiring a pull-in signal (sum signal of reflected signal) and an RF signal (reproduced signal) by moving an objective lens in either of a direction approaching the optical disc and a direction separating from the optical disc; and determination processing of deciding whether or not to correct the pull-in signal acquired in the signal acquisition processing and determining the type of the optical disc by using either of amplitude of the acquired pull-in signal and a correction value with which the amplitude of the acquired pull-in signal is corrected by using a predetermined value obtained from the acquired RF signal.

Abstract: An information recording method and device for recording information by irradiating an optical information recording medium with an energy beam includes forming a first recording mark by irradiation of a monopulse-shaped energy beam having at least a first power level and a second power level that is higher than the first power level, and forming a space succeeding the first recording mark with a write strategy having a downward pulse of a third power level that is lower than the first power level on a backside of a midpoint of the space.

Abstract: An optical pick-up and a disc apparatus having the same to overcome an inferiority of a tracking signal caused by an adjacent layer during the recording and/or reproducing of data an optical disc with multiple recording layers are provided, the optical pick-up including: a light source to emit a light with a predetermined wavelength corresponding to a type of the optical disc; a light collecting unit to focus the emitted light to form a light spot on a signal recording layer of the optical disc, wherein the signal recording layer reflects the light as a signal light and an adjacent layer of the optical disc reflects the light as a noise light; a photodetector to detect a signal by receiving the signal light; and an optical member to intercept the noise light in order to decrease an intensity of the noise light entering the photodetector.

Abstract: A system and method form a nanodisk that can be used to form isolated data bits on a memory disk. The imprint stamp is formed from first and second overlapping patterns, where the patterns are selectively etched. The selective etching leaves either pits or posts on the imprint stamp. The pits or posts are imprinted on the memory disk, leaving either pits or posts on the memory disk. The pits or posts on the memory disk are processed to form relatively small and dense isolated data bits. Instability of the isolated data bits caused by outside magnetic and thermal influences is substantially eliminated.

Abstract: In order to create a record carrier having a side-channel which cannot be copied with a channel-bit recorder, the record carrier (1) has a modulated spiral. By modulating one or more of the spiral parameters, like the channel bit length or the track pitch, a side-channel is created. If a record carrier having such a side-channel is copied using a channel-bit recorder, the information present in the side-channel is lost. The number of bits to be stored in the modulated spiral can be selected as desired; also the way in which the bits are present can be selected; the bits can e.g. can be stored in different bands (A,B,C,D) present on the record carrier, in which band the spiral parameter modulated can be kept constant.

Abstract: To provide an information recording apparatus and so on which can improve convenience of handling even if music information is encoded in an LPCM system with a high quality and recorded therein. Music information M obtained by encoding a musical composition which should be reproduced in an uncompressed state, first control information G1 for controlling the compressed music information PM, compressed music information PM including a content same as at least any one of the music information M, and second control information G2 for controlling the compressed music information PM, the second control information G2 including corresponding information RR representing a corresponding relationship between the music information M and the compressed music information PM.

Abstract: A super-resolution material is formed in only a data pit, in a low temperature state of the super-resolution material, reflectivity of each of a pit portion and a space portion and an optical phase difference therebetween are set to be sufficiently small, in a high temperature state, and at least the optical phase difference between the pit and the space is set to be larger than the aforementioned value in an absolute value. Accordingly, by conducting irradiation with an appropriate read power by which substantially only one data track width can be heated to a high temperature state, a good push-pull signal can be obtained even with a track pitch being less than a diffraction limit.

Abstract: A method for generating candidate used in TCOFDM (turbo coded orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing) with SLM (selective mapping) technique, a user data is combined with a plurality of seeds to generate corresponding a plurality of message vectors. The method is characterized in performing tail-biting turbo encoding on the message vectors to generate corresponding turbo codewords used for generating candidates, and the seed of each message vector is different from the seeds of other message vectors.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for fast cell search based on a chirp reference signal transmission is disclosed herein. A primary synchronization channel (P-SCH) and two secondary synchronization channels (S-SCH1 and S-SCH2) will be utilized. S-SCH1 will comprise a reference sequence having a first index value and S-SCH2 will comprise a reference sequence having a second index value. S-SCH1 and S-SCH2 will be scrambled with a first and a second scrambling code, respectively. The second scrambling code will be based on the first index value.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system (400), device (200, 300), and method (200) for a spatial multiplexing (SMX) transmission scheme combined with symbol spreading and rotation using a pre-determined matrix R, which can greatly improve system performance without requiring additional bandwidth or power consumption under fast Rayleigh flat fading channels or high frequency-selective channels in UWB systems. Because of the lattice-based structure, sphere decoding is employed to reduce the complexity of ML decoding while maintaining the near ML performance. On the other hand, ZF and MMSE receivers can also be used due to the systematic structure at the transmitter.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention sets forth a method for failing back network connections to a network interface card (NIC) within a computing device. The method includes the steps of monitoring a failed or unreliable NIC within the computing device, determining that the failed or unreliable NIC has recovered, determining that a functional NIC within the computing device is overloaded, selecting a first connection set communicating through the overloaded NIC, and transferring the first connection set to the recovered NIC. With this approach, intelligent decisions can be advantageously made regarding whether to fail back a network connection set to a recovered NIC based on the traffic loads on the overloaded NIC and the recovered NIC. Such an approach to balancing network traffic across the functional NICs within a computing device may substantially improve overall performance relative to prior art techniques.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer program products for providing an enriched messaging service in a communications network is described. In one embodiment, the system includes a first host operating in an active state at a first site in a communications network and a second host operating in a standby state at a second site in the communications network. The system also includes a first proxy located at the second site, wherein the first proxy is adapted to receive an original message addressed to a virtual Internet protocol (VIP) address associated with the first and second hosts to identify the first host as being in the active state, and, in response, to encapsulate the original message in at least one Internet protocol (IP) packet to form a tunneled message that includes the VIP address. The first proxy is also responsible for forwarding the tunneled message to the first site.