Abstract: An apparatus a transmitter section, a receiver section, and a processing module. The transmitter section transmits a plurality of high carrier frequency beamformed signals in a loop manner until a desired number of signals has been transmitted. The receiver section receives the plurality of high carrier frequency beamformed signals and determines reception properties of the plurality of high carrier frequency beamformed signals. The processing module determines at least one of: reflection, absorption, refraction, and pass through based on the reception properties. The processing module then distinguishes an animate entity from an inanimate entity based on the at least one of the reflection, absorption, refraction, and pass through. The processing module then determines position of the animate entity within a given physical area.

Abstract: A RADAR system including a set of RADAR apparatuses is disclosed. Each apparatus includes a processor, a pulse unit in signal communication with the processor, a waveform signal generator in signal communication with the pulse unit, and a set of radar antennas in signal communication with the waveform signal generator. The waveform signal generator is capable of generating a waveform signal in response to pulses provided by the pulse unit. The set of antennas is capable of transmitting a burst of microwave energy in response to each waveform signal and to receive a plurality of reflected bursts associated with the transmitted bursts. An acquisition unit is configured to develop and amplify a finite window integral associated with each reflected burst, the acquisition unit in signal communication with the set of antennas and a pre-processor configured to digitize and store information relating to each finite window integral for subsequent processing.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for simulating an internal antenna within a telemetry device. The simulator device includes a housing having at least one opening, wherein the housing is configured to accommodate close proximity placement of the telemetry device. The simulator device also includes a simulator or test antenna within the housing that corresponds to an internal antenna within a housing of the telemetry device. The simulator device further includes a radio frequency (RF) connector coupled to the simulator housing, for connection to a communication device. The simulator device also includes a fastening mechanism to secure the simulator device over the telemetry device so that the simulator antenna is adjacent to the internal antenna. The proximity of the simulator antenna to the internal antenna provides simulator device RF characteristics that simulate internal antenna RF characteristics.

Abstract: In a holographic surveillance system (10) for near real-time imaging of a target (15), a source of RF radiation directs a non-amplified reference beam of pulsed coherent RF electromagnetic radiation toward a target. An array of antennas (31) receives a reflected beam from the target together with a component of the reference beam so as to produce a signal representative of phase and amplitude data of received energy, and a processor (20) processes the signals so as to produce a holographic image for display on a display device coupled to the processor.

Abstract: Systems and methods for identifying and uniquely displaying ground features (terrain/obstacles) that are shadowed from an aircrafts radar system. An example system includes one or more aircraft information, sources, a database that stores three-dimensional terrain/obstacle data, a display device, and a processor in data communication with the one or more aircraft information sources and the database. The processor receives aircraft position, heading and altitude information from the one or more aircraft information sources. The processor projects a vector in a three-dimensional digital space onto the three-dimensional terrain/obstacle data stored in the database based on the received aircraft position, heading and altitude information to determine if the projected vector intersects more than one terrain feature.

Abstract: A DSSS (Direct Sequence Spectrum Spreading) radar has a transmitting part to transmit a transmitting signal, including a predetermined code sequence, to one or a plurality of targets, a receiving part to receive a received signal corresponding to the transmitting signal which has been reflected from the one or a plurality of targets, and a computing part. The computing part computes a sum signal and a difference signal of received signals received by the receiving part at different points in time, and obtains a Doppler frequency of the one or a plurality of targets based on a phase difference between the sum signal and the difference signal.

Abstract: Reliable and efficient search windows are provided by allowing the adaptation of the code search window to be dependent on inaccuracy measures of relations between a cellular frame time and a satellite reference time. This inaccuracy is calculated in a positioning node (21) of the cellular communications system (1), preferably by filtering of measurements received from user equipments. Linear trend Kalman filtering followed by post processing of estimation errors is presently preferred. In order to ensure non-ambiguous interpretation of the received time stamps of received satellite signals (55) provided by user equipments (10), a pseudo propagation delay is computed in both the user equipment (10) and the positioning node (21) based on GPS acquisition assistance data. The GPS time stamp is then defined referring to the determined pseudo propagation delay. In a preferred embodiment, the pseudo propagation delay is assured to be situated within a pre-determined time interval.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for processing external correction messages in a GNSS receiver are provided. One of the proposed methods includes providing a first storage unit; receiving a plurality of external correction messages from different data sources, wherein a plurality of GNSS differential correction data are carried by the plurality of external correction messages; and storing a portion of the GNSS differential correction data in the first storage unit without storing remaining GNSS differential correction data in the GNSS receiver.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for efficiently obtaining improved coverage in augmenting GPS position location with differential GPS integrity and correction messages using existing satellite systems, planned satellite systems, or a combination of both to broadcast these integrity and correction messages without requiring dedicated satellite resources. At least one existing satellite system offers full global coverage whereas the conventional approach of disseminating these integrity and correction messages using geostationary satellites necessarily omits Polar Regions. This existing satellite system also provides redundant coverage globally whereas the conventional approach using geostationary satellites must increase the number of geostationary satellites in direct proportion to the level of redundancy desired. At least one other existing satellite-based system offers higher availability (i.e.

Abstract: Provided are a global positioning system (GPS) receiver which speedily acquires a GPS signal, and a method and apparatus for controlling power supply to the GPS receiver. The method includes when an external power is detected, supplying the external power to a GPS power supply unit and executing a GPS initial information search of a GPS module by enabling the GPS power supply unit using an external power detect signal, and when a power switch is turned on, executing a GPS information based communication of the GPS module by executing a navigation program while the GPS power supply unit is enabled.

Abstract: Integrated correlation values (I and Q integrated correlation values) between each of I and Q signals obtained from a received signal and a code replica are calculated by a coherent integration process performed by a correlation process circuit section 32. A coherent integration enhancement circuit section converts a phase angle ? of each of the I and Q integrated correlation values (IQ coordinate values) into a double angle, and further integrates the converted I and Q integrated correlation values (IQ coordinate values) to calculate I and Q enhanced integrated correlation values. An incoherent integration circuit section performs an incoherent integration process on the I and Q enhanced integrated correlation values. A coherent integration time T1 of the correlation circuit section is set to be 20 ms or less, and an integration time T2 of the coherent integration enhancement circuit section is set to be longer than 20 ms.

Abstract: A method for processing weak indoor signals in presence of cross-correlation or continuous wave interference and associated GPS receiver are provided. The method comprises providing a two-dimensional delay-Doppler accumulated power pattern comprising a plurality of accumulated powers corresponding to frequency and time; for a predetermined frequency, determining a partial average power value of accumulated powers of the two-dimensional delay-Doppler accumulated power pattern over a plurality of time points; and subtracting the partial average power value from the accumulated powers to generate a modified delay-Doppler accumulated power pattern with suppressed interference effect.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, a radio frequency transition system includes a stripline trace section with openings in ground planes and forms a quarter wavelength resonator and an electromagnetic mechanism to couple the RF energy from the stripline trace section to a connector, wherein the RF signal energy is transferred from inside a beam forming network printed wiring board to an antenna back plane with minimal RF losses. An RF transition system is disclosed. The RF transition system comprises a stripline trace section with openings in ground planes and forms a quarter-wavelength resonator. The RF transition system further includes an electromagnetic mechanism to couple the RF energy from the stripline trace section to a connector. The RF signal energy is transferred from inside a beam forming network printed wiring board to an antenna back plane with minimal RF losses.

Abstract: Disclosed is an antenna apparatus which can control directivity of a plurality of radiation elements using one parasitic element. The antenna apparatus includes two radiation elements arranged on a base parallel to each other, and a parasitic element disposed between the two radiation elements. Radiation directivity of the two radiation elements is controlled according to the length of the parasitic element. This configuration provides a small-sized antenna apparatus including a plurality of radiators with desired directivity.

Abstract: A wireless transmitting method includes calculating a beamforming channel matrix which is a channel matrix generated at a time when a transmitting apparatus applies a beamforming matrix to a data signal and transmits the data signal to receiving apparatuses, selecting a parameter to be used while transmitting the data signal based on the beamforming channel matrix and noise information fed back from the receiving apparatuses, and transmitting the data signal by using the selected parameter.

Abstract: Signal reception apparatus comprising at least two antennas, receiver means having a first mode of operation for assessing the quality of received signals and a second mode of operation for processing received signals for identifying data carried therein, at least two signal paths connectable between the antennas and the receiver means and each capable of demodulating signals received by the antennas and switch means connected between the antennas and the signal paths, the apparatus having an assessment mode of operation in which each antenna is connected by the switch means to the receiver means via a single respective one of the signal paths and in which the receiver means operates in its first mode of operation to assess the quality of received signals from each antenna, and a normal mode of operation in which a single antenna is connected by the switch means to the receiver means via all of the signal paths and in which the receiver means operates in its second mode of operation for processing received si

Abstract: A module having a first coupler for directing power from a source to first and second paths; a first amplifier disposed in the first path; a second amplifier disposed in the second path; and a second coupler for combining the outputs of the first and second amplifiers. In a more specific implementation, the module further includes a switch connected to the first coupler. The switch is a single-pole double throw switch. Each coupler is a 90-degree coupler that provides the combined energy output by each amplifier to a first or a second output port based on the position of the switch. The first coupler has first and second inputs, each input connected to a throw of the switch. The inclusion of a variable phase shifter allows for the module to be used to drive an element of a phased array antenna. For high power applications, multiple such inventive modules may be used to drive the elements of one or more phased arrays, pointed in different directions, to provide a desired coverage pattern.

Abstract: For transmitter-side processing of information it is decided in which direction of transmission signals for a receiver are to be transmitted, the direction of transmission being a linear combination of one of a number of antenna directional diagrams corresponding to a first plurality. In a baseband processing section (REC), a number of antenna directional diagram signal sequences (X(1),X(2)), corresponding to the first plurality is determined from a signal sequence (T), determined for the receiver by weighting of the signal sequence (T) for each of the antenna directional diagrams with a coefficient (a(1), a(2)) corresponding to each of the linear combinations. Each antenna directional diagram signal sequence (X(1),X(2)) is transmitted by a dedicated logical connection from the baseband processing section (REC) to a high frequency processing section (RE).

Abstract: An apparatus includes a transmitter and a receiver device, which includes a receiver section and a processing module. The transmitter transmits a high carrier frequency signal. The receiver section includes first and second antennas that have an antenna radiation relationship for receiving the high carrier frequency signal. A receiver module of the receiver section determines first and second signal properties of the received high carrier frequency signal. The processing module determines a position of the receiver device with respect to the transmitter based on the first and second signal properties and maps the position to a coordinate system.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for computing the location of a radio beacon by using received signal strength (RSS) and multiple frequencies. The apparatus and method of the present invention computes the location of a radio beacon without limitation in distance by using multiple frequencies and received signal strength to resolve the problem of phase ambiguity. A radio beacon location computing system includes a plurality of base stations configured to receive signals of multiple frequencies transmitted from the radio beacon, and detect and output phase differences and received signal strength; and a location computing server configured to receive the phase differences and the received signal strength outputted from the respective base stations, acquire calculation distances based on the phase differences, remove phase ambiguity from the calculation distances based on the received signal strength, and compute the location of the radio beacon.

Abstract: Provided is a method and apparatus for locating a transmitter. The apparatus for locating a transmitter, including: an antenna having an antenna array for receiving first and second frequency signals transmitted from the transmitter and measuring an angle of the transmitter; a range of transmission (ROT) calculating unit for calculating the range of transmission of the transmitter based on phase difference between the first and second frequency signals; an angle of arrival (AoA) calculating unit for calculating the angle of the transmitter based on phase difference of common frequency signals received in the antenna; and a transmission location determining unit for determining the location of the transmitter based on the range of transmission and the angle of arrival of the transmitter.

Abstract: In an antenna system for a radar transceiver, in particular for measuring distance and/or velocity in the surroundings of motor vehicles, having at least one antenna, which includes at least one first part situated on a chip and a second part situated at a distance from the first part and beam-coupled to the first part, the second part of the antenna is situated on an antenna substrate or another chip, which is attached over the first part by flip chip bonds.

Abstract: An ultra-wide bandwidth antenna includes a dielectric substrate, first and second conductive elements, and a third conductive element. The dielectric substrate has opposite first and second surfaces. The first conductive element is formed on the second surface of the dielectric substrate and has a feeding point. The second conductive element is formed on the second surface of the dielectric substrate, is spaced apart from the first conductive element, and has a grounding point. The third conductive element is formed on the first surface of the dielectric substrate, partially overlaps the first conductive element, and is coupled electrically to the second conductive element.

Abstract: The antenna (100) has a radiating element (104) for transmitting and receiving signals. The radiating element (104) comprises a first portion (110), a second portion (112) and a notch (114). The notch (114) extends from a portion o the periphery of the radiating element into the radiating element and is for substantially segregating the radiating element into the first portion (110) and the second portion (112). The radiating element (104) also has an interconnecting portion (108) for structurally interconnecting the first portion and the second portion. The interconnecting portion is formed substantially distal to the portion of the periphery of the radiating element. In addition, the antenna (100) has a first arm (116) that extends from the first portion of the radiating element for modifying the operating frequency range of the antenna.

Abstract: An antenna (2-20) for use in a mobile device (1-1) includes elements for receiving (2-5, 3-1, 4-1, 5-1, 6-5) a signal from a satellite positioning system; a first layer of dielectric material (2-4a, 2-4b, 3-2, 3-3, 5-2, 4-3, 5-2, 5-3, 6-4, 6-15) and a second layer of dielectric material (2-4a, 2-4b, 3-2, 3-3, 5-2, 4-3, 5-2, 5-3, 6-4, 6-15), wherein the elements for receiving (2-5, 3-1, 4-1, 5-1, 6-5, 7-6) the signal is at least partly between the first dielectric layer (2-4a, 2-4b, 3-2, 3-3, 5-2, 4-3, 5-2, 5-3, 6-4, 6-15) and the second dielectric layer (2-4a, 2-4b, 3-2, 3-3, 5-2, 4-3, 5-2, 5-3, 6-4, 6-15).

Abstract: The present invention provides a patch antenna including a dielectric member, and a conductive first radiation element and a conductive ground electrode respectively provided on one and the other surfaces of the dielectric member, the patch antenna further including a conductive second radiation element which has a length different from that of the first radiation element in the direction of resonance, the second radiation element being provided on the one surface of the dielectric member in a state of being insulated from the first radiation element with respect to the direct electric current while being electromagnetically coupled to the first radiation element.

Abstract: An antenna is provided which includes a first antenna element having at least one base and a conductor penetrating through the base and a second antenna element having a conductor portion having a shape of a plate or a line and a connecting conductor, wherein a first end of the conductor of the first antenna element is connected to the connecting conductor of the second antenna element, and the connecting conductor of the second antenna element is connected to a partway on the conductor portion of the second antenna element.

Abstract: An antenna on a substrate, the antenna being symmetrical about a central longitudinal axis of symmetry, the antenna comprising a first portion that is substantially rectangular, a second portion that is substantially rectangular, the first portion and the second portion being spaced from each other and being operatively connected by an intermediate portion.

Abstract: In a communication terminal in which a first enclosure and a second enclosure are foldable, to provide the communication terminal with an antenna characteristic with a wide band performance in either when the enclosures are opened or folded. In a folding communication terminal comprising an upper enclosure 2 and a lower enclosure 3 which are foldable through a hinge, and an antenna 5 attached to the lower enclosure 3, the antenna 5 is arranged along the edge of the end face 3A on the upper side abutting on the hinge of the lower enclosure 3, a conductor is placed in the upper enclosure 2 not provided with the antenna, and a second printed board 31 is provided so that when the upper enclosure 2 and the lower enclosure 3 are opened, it is connected to the antenna 5 at a high frequency to operate as the antenna, thereby transmitting/receiving an electromagnetic wave.

Abstract: A mobile wireless communications device may include a portable housing, a printed circuit board (PCB) carried within the portable housing, wireless transceiver circuitry carried by the PCB within the portable housing, and an antenna carried by the PCB within the portable housing and connected to the wireless transceiver circuitry. The device may further include a first pair of electrically floating, electrically conductive, spaced apart, antenna beam shaping elements adjacent the antenna and spaced apart therefrom. A second pair of electrically floating, electrically conductive, spaced apart, antenna beam shaping elements may be adjacent the antenna and spaced apart therefrom. The first pair of antenna beam shaping elements may be positioned in an offset relationship relative to the second pair of antenna beam shaping elements.

Abstract: A handheld electronic device may be provided that contains wireless communications circuitry. The handheld electronic device may have a housing and a display. The display may be attached to the housing a conductive bezel. The handheld electronic device may have one or more antennas for supporting wireless communications. A ground plane in the handheld electronic device may serve as ground for one or more of the antennas. The ground plane and bezel may define a opening. A rectangular slot antenna or other suitable slot antenna may be formed from or within the opening. One or more antenna resonating elements may be formed above the slot. An electrical switch that bridges the slot may be used to modify the perimeter of the slot so as to tune the communications bands of the handheld electronic device.

Abstract: A handheld electronic device may be provided that contains a conductive housing and other conductive elements. The conductive elements may form an antenna ground plane. One or more antennas for the handheld electronic device may be formed from the ground plane and one or more associated antenna resonating elements. Transceiver circuitry may be connected to the resonating elements by transmission lines such as coaxial cables. Ferrules may be crimped to the coaxial cables. A bracket with extending members may be crimped over the ferrules to ground the coaxial cables to the housing and other conductive elements in the ground plane. The ground plane may contain an antenna slot. A dock connector and flex circuit may overlap the slot in a way that does not affect the resonant frequency of the slot. Electrical components may be isolated from the antenna using isolation elements such as inductors and resistors.

Abstract: A handheld electronic device may be provided that contains a conductive housing and other conductive elements. The conductive elements may form an antenna ground plane. One or more antennas for the handheld electronic device may be formed from the ground plane and one or more associated antenna resonating elements. Transceiver circuitry may be connected to the resonating elements by transmission lines such as coaxial cables. Ferrules may be crimped to the coaxial cables. A bracket with extending members may be crimped over the ferrules to ground the coaxial cables to the housing and other conductive elements in the ground plane. The ground plane may contain an antenna slot. A dock connector and flex circuit may overlap the slot in a way that does not affect the resonant frequency of the slot. Electrical components may be isolated from the antenna using isolation elements such as inductors and resistors.

Abstract: The invention refers to a member (1) for a wireless device, wherein that member (1) is or comprises a ground-plane (2, 3) with at least two portions (2, 3), wherein on each of said portions (2, 3) at least one connecting means such as a pad (4, 5) is provided, wherein the two connecting means (4, 5) can be connected with an electric component (10) for connecting said two portions (2, 3) of said ground plane. The invention further refers to a wireless device with such a member and to a wireless device including a ground plane (2, 3) with at least two portions (2, 3) wherein said two portions (2, 3) are connected by an electric component (10), wherein the connection is preferably made between two portions of the ground-plane which are separated by a gap or a slot in the conducting surface of said ground-plane.

Abstract: An antenna device comprises a base, a combination element, a fixing element, a rotation unit, and a radiation conductor. The base has a through hole and a bottom surface. The bottom surface has a plurality of pins, and the through hole is approximately parallel to the bottom surface. The combination element has a first blocking portion. The fixing element has an embedding surface, wherein the embedding surface is surrounded by a plurality of metal plates. The first blocking portion touches one terminal of the fixing element. The rotation unit has a second blocking portion, and the second blocking portion touches the other terminal of the fixing element. The other terminal of rotation unit pivoted at the radiation conductor. The fixing element wedges with close in the inner of the through hole of the base. Therefore, the antenna device is formed a firm structure.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electronic apparatus includes a housing, an inner conductor member provided inside the housing, a conductor part with which the housing is provided, and which restrains undesired electromagnetic radiation from leaking from inside the housing to the outside, and an antenna including an antenna element that is provided on an outer surface of the housing, the antenna using the conductor part as an antenna ground. The housing includes a non-conductor part that is out of the conductor part at least at a part of a region in which the antenna element is provided. When the antenna is viewed from a direction in which the antenna element and the housing overlap each other, a size of a part of the antenna element overlapping the non-conductor part is larger than a part of the antenna element overlapping the conductor part.

Abstract: A handheld electronic device may be provided that contains a conductive housing and other conductive elements. The conductive elements may form an antenna ground plane. One or more antennas for the handheld electronic device may be formed from the ground plane and one or more associated antenna resonating elements. Transceiver circuitry may be connected to the resonating elements by transmission lines such as coaxial cables. Ferrules may be crimped to the coaxial cables. A bracket with extending members may be crimped over the ferrules to ground the coaxial cables to the housing and other conductive elements in the ground plane. The ground plane may contain an antenna slot. A dock connector and flex circuit may overlap the slot in a way that does not affect the resonant frequency of the slot. Electrical components may be isolated from the antenna using isolation elements such as inductors and resistors.

Abstract: A mobile wireless communications device may include a portable housing, a printed circuit board (PCB) carried by the portable housing, a wireless transceiver carried by the PCB, and an antenna connected to the transceiver and carried by the PCB. The mobile wireless communications device may further include at least one director element for directing a beam pattern of the antenna. More particularly, the at least one director element may include an electrically conductive main branch carried by the portable housing, and an electrically conductive connector portion extending between the main branch and the PCB.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave measuring method is provided that is capable of performing high-precision measurement in a shorter time and in a greater variety of frequency bands than heretofore with a comparatively simple configuration. A plate-like antenna (13) of which the outline shape of an opposed surface opposite a measured object (5) is similar to the outline shape of an opposed surface of the measured object (5) is brought close to the measured object (5) and an electromagnetic wave from the measured object (5) is measured based on the frequency spectrum of a received signal received by the plate-like antenna (13).

Abstract: An antenna structure integrated in a hull or fuselage. The hull or fuselage can be the outer surface of an aircraft, artillery shell, missile or ship. The antenna structure includes an array antenna. The array antenna includes a number of antenna elements. Each antenna element includes a radiator and an RF feed. The antenna elements are arranged in a lattice within an antenna area including a central antenna area and a transition region outside the central antenna area wherein a number of the antenna radiators as well as resistive sheets are arranged in substantially the same plane as a surrounding outer surface of the hull or fuselage.

Abstract: A structural antenna system for operation in the HF frequency range, particularly for naval communications, is described, comprising at least one linear radiating arrangement (14) adapted to be operatively associated with a ground conductor (GND) and at least one electrical impedance device (Z1-Z4), in which the aforesaid linear radiating arrangement (14) is coupled to a pre-existing naval structure which has a predominantly vertical extension and is electrically conducting, such as a funnel (F). A structural antenna system with multiple feed comprises a plurality of linear radiating arrangements (114) positioned in meridian planes of the naval structure of the funnel type (F), spaced at equal angular intervals.

Abstract: An antenna system for a radar transceiver, in particular for ascertaining distance and/or velocity in the surroundings of motor vehicles, at least one antenna being situated on a chip, which includes at least one part of the transmitting and receiving units of the radar transceiver wherein the at least one antenna includes a first part situated on the chip and a second part situated at a distance from the first part and radiation-coupled to the first part.

Abstract: A system and a method for configuring a communication system are provided. The communication system has an antenna system with a 3-D antenna grid. The configurable 3-D antenna grid has a plurality of antenna elements operably coupled to a plurality of switching elements. The method includes selecting a first 3-D antenna configuration associated with the configurable 3-D antenna grid from a plurality of antenna configurations. The method further includes controlling a memory device to output first data corresponding to the first 3-D antenna configuration. The method further includes closing selected ones of the plurality of switching elements to obtain the first 3-D antenna configuration in the configurable 3-D antenna grid in response to the first data. The first 3-D antenna configuration is one of the plurality of antenna configurations wherein at least a portion of the plurality of antenna elements are electrically coupled together.

Abstract: An orientation-independent antenna presents a circular polarization characteristic to incoming waves such that these waves are detected regardless or polarization and angle of arrival. The antenna includes crossed vertical loops and a horizontal loop, with the loops being phased to provide the circular polarization characteristic. In one embodiment, the antenna includes a number of elements on the faces of a cube, or the elements are positioned on the surface of a sphere. In another embodiment, the antenna is given both a right hand circular polarization characteristic and a left hand circular polarization characteristic in two different channels to provide for double the data throughput.

Abstract: Tuning an antenna circuit that includes an inductance of a resonance circuit, and a component having a component impedance. The antenna circuit includes multiple connection areas for connecting the component to the antenna circuit. At least two of the multiple of connection areas are part of the resonance circuit. The tuning can be performed by selecting at least one connection area for the component among the at least two of the multiple connection areas.

Abstract: An RF receiver section includes an adjustable antenna assembly, a low noise amplifier module, and a down conversion module. The adjustable antenna assembly is configured to provide a first receive antenna structure and a second receive antenna structure. The first and second receive antenna structures receive an inbound wide bandwidth RF signal that includes an interferer RF signal component and a desired inbound RF signal component. The effective polarization of at least one of the first and second receive antenna structures is adjusted to reduce signal strength of the interferer RF signal component.

Abstract: A miniature conformal antenna is provided with a polarization-independent output by using quadrature elements at the mouth of a cavity and by processing the RHCP and LHCP outputs of the elements to arrive at a polarization-dependent solution; and then correcting the angle of arrival result by electronically rotating the antenna, measuring the amplitude difference between element pairs at various angles, generating an amplitude difference curve and deriving an angular correction factor therefrom.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of aligning an azimuth of an antenna by use of an antenna azimuth aligning instrument capable of economically and precisely aligning the azimuth in a case where a direction of a main beam of a directional antenna is matched with a counter antenna. There is provided a method of aligning the azimuth of the directional antenna by use of the antenna azimuth aligning instrument to be attached to the antenna for use in radio communication, the azimuth aligning instrument includes an aiming hole whose central axis is constituted in parallel with a main beam azimuth of the antenna and in which a diameter of an opening 2C on an operator's viewing side is set to be larger than that of an opening 2B on a target side, and the azimuth of the antenna is aligned using the centers of the two openings of the aiming hole as aims for a target.

Abstract: The device permits remote actuation on the slope angle of an antenna consisting of two units, one electric and one mechanical, physically separated and connected forming a single arrangement, in which each of the units is provided with its own casing. The mechanical unit supports an electromotor coil positioning sensors, a driving gear, and a gear wheel engaged with the pinion. The electronic unit is provided with supply and communication connection terminals, an electronic circuit, a sensor for reading initial reference positioning and a casing. Both are connected by means of a cable and connector. Due to the independent manner in which the mechanical and electrical units are arranged, it is possible to obtain a watertight electronic unit protected from damp, independent replacement in a simple manner of both units, and the visualisation of the indicator rod's position and movement.

Abstract: A radio apparatus configured to deal with an electromagnetic wave at a working frequency is provided. The radio apparatus includes a radiating member of the electromagnetic wave and an isolating material having a plurality of magnetic elements. Each of the magnetic elements is arranged in such a way as to direct a longer side thereof in a direction almost perpendicular to a direction of a main polarization of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiating member. Each of the magnetic elements is arranged in such a way as to be placed repetitively having a space between adjacent two of the magnetic elements in almost a same direction as the direction of the main polarization.