Abstract: A hard disk drive with a disk that has DC erased servo bursts. The DC erased servo bursts are read by a perpendicular recording head that produces a relatively square burst signal. The burst signal is used determine a position error signal and center the head on a track of the disk.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a disk drive includes a heating element which is provided on a head and generates heat when supplied with power, thereby to adjust a dynamic flying height of the head. A head-movement detecting unit detects the abnormal movement of the head, a value of which is larger than a preset movement value during a head positioning control. In this case, a heating-element controller stops supplying power to the heating element.

Abstract: In a system and method for a non-contact measurement of the fly height of a slider above a magnetic data storage medium using electrostatic force, a slider with a read/write head flies over a magnetic data storage medium. A series of distinct voltages are applied between the slider and the magnetic data storage medium, and corresponding read-back signals are recorded. Using the recorded read-back signals, coefficients for an empirical curve-fit equation are calculated. The coefficients are normalized and converted into a fly height measurement.

Abstract: A magnetic recording disk drive has disks with identical pre-patterned servo patterns on their front and back surfaces and a servo control system for positioning the read/write heads using the servo signals from the identical servo patterns. The servo sectors on the two disk surfaces form identical patterns of angularly spaced arcuate-shaped lines that extend generally radially across the data tracks. The arcuate-shaped lines on one surface, the front surface, generally replicate the path of the recording head as it is moved across the data tracks by a rotary actuator, so that there is a constant sampling rate of the servo sectors on the front surface regardless of radial position of the head. However, the arcuate-shaped lines on the other surface, the back surface, do not replicate the path of the recording head so the servo sampling rate is not constant but varies with radial position of the head.

Abstract: A hard disk drive with a disk that includes a first group of tracks and a second group of tracks. The second group of tracks are used to write large blocks of data. For example, data in the second group may be video or audio. The second group of tracks has a higher track density than the first group of tracks. The large data block is written sequentially in the second group of tracks so that there is only one adjacent track write within the group. Using only one adjacent track write allows the tracks within the second group to be overlapped to increase track density.

Abstract: A seal is formed between bypass walls and a cover for a disk drive to improve control and regulation of airflow in the disk drive. The seal is formed with a gasket comprising a bead of form-in-place gasket between the upper edge of the bypass wall and the cover. The seal also may be formed between the cover and the slit shroud, spoiler, and filter. Minimum compression of the gasket is required to form the seal.

Abstract: A hermetically sealed housing encloses an inert gas atmosphere, and an electrical interconnect has at least one electrically conductive signal trace embedded onto a liquid crystal polymer (LCP) body to extend from an interior of the housing to an exterior of the housing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a perpendicular recording magnetic head. A main magnetic pole film of a perpendicular recording element is a plated film formed on an electrode film and having a small width portion and a large width portion. The small width portion is a portion for emitting a perpendicular magnetic field from a front end thereof, while the large width portion is portion being continuous with a rear end of the small width portion and having an increased width. The electrode film is different in film thickness between beneath a portion of the plated film forming at least the front end of the small width portion and beneath a portion of the plated film forming the large width portion.

Abstract: A magnetic device includes a write element having a write element tip and a conductor adjacent an edge of the write element tip for carrying current to generate an assist field that augments a write field generated by the write element. A cladding material is disposed on at least one surface of the conductor.

Abstract: Improved writability and a sharper neck transition are achieved in a PMR writer with a yoke that has essentially vertical sidewalls and a write pole that has sidewalls with a beveled angle. An alumina mold is made with a negative differential bevel angle by employing a two mask process. A first photoresist layer is patterned and etched to form a rectangular trench in an alumina layer. The trench extends beyond the intended ABS plane and in the opposite direction into the intended yoke area. A second photoresist layer is patterned into a yoke shape that is partially superimposed over the rectangular trench. After a second RIE process, the yoke opening adjoins the trench at a neck transition point along each long trench side. The volume of magnetic material in the yoke adjacent to the neck is thereby maximized. Dimension control of the main pole becomes independent of ABS positioning errors.

Abstract: Provided is a perpendicular magnetic recording head and a method of manufacturing the same. The perpendicular magnetic recording head that includes a main pole, a return yoke, and a return yoke tip, wherein the main pole and the return yoke tip that faces the main pole with a gap therebetween have the same width in a cross-track direction, and the method comprises: (a) sequentially forming a first magnetic layer for forming the main pole, the non-magnetic layer for forming a gap between the main pole and the return yoke tip, and a second magnetic layer for forming the return yoke tip; (b) patterning the second magnetic layer so that the second magnetic layer contacts the non-magnetic layer as much as a predetermined throat height; (c) forming the main pole and the return yoke tip by trimming the second magnetic layer and the first magnetic layer in a shape having the same width in the cross-track direction; and (d) forming a return yoke on the second magnetic layer.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording head and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The perpendicular magnetic recording head that includes a main pole, a return yoke, and coils that surround upper and lower parts of the main pole in a solenoid shape so that the main pole generates a magnetic field for recording information onto a recording medium, wherein a portion of the coils that pass above the main pole comprises a plurality of first coils and at least one second coil having a cross-sectional shape different from that of the first coils, and the second coil is formed across upper regions of two first coils adjacent to each other among the first coils.

Abstract: A miniature magnetic core includes at least one bar magnet having, in the demagnetized state, a plurality of magnetic domains separated by magnetic walls, the bar magnet having permanent discontinuities placed at least approximately at the probable locations of at least some of these magnetic walls in the absence of these permanent discontinuities. A miniature sensor includes a miniature core that cooperates with at least one excitation coil and at least one detection coil. A method for manufacturing the magnetic core includes identifying the probable location of the magnetic walls, depositing at least a thin film of magnetic material on a support in order to form the core and producing, in said core, discontinuities approximately at the identified locations of the walls.

Abstract: A disk for a hard disk drive. The disk includes a first magnetic layer and a second magnetic layer. An intermediate layer consisting of cobalt and titanium is located between the first and second intermediate layers. The intermediate layer creates a finer grain size and larger crystalline anisotropy in the second magnetic layer, characteristics that are desirable when used with a perpendicular recording head.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a magnetic recording medium having servo areas and data areas using a mold structure having a plurality of convex portions, the method, including: forming an imprint resist layer on a surface of a substrate for the magnetic recording medium, forming a convexo-concave resist pattern in the formed imprint resist layer by pressing the plurality of convex portions of the mold structure against the imprint resist layer, and transferring magnetism to the servo areas in the magnetic recording medium by applying a magnetic field to the servo areas via the mold structure.

Abstract: Provided is method for changing the configuration of a media drive apparatus using a removable storage medium, the configuration of the media drive apparatus being stored as a plurality of configuration settings in a first non volatile memory of the media drive apparatus, the method comprising identifying the removable storage medium as a reconfiguration medium; reading data from the removable storage medium, the data comprising an identifier of one configuration setting of the plurality of configuration settings and a value for the one configuration setting; storing the value read from the removable storage medium in the non volatile memory of the media drive apparatus.

Abstract: A perfluoropolyether hard disk lubricant having a UV curable functional end group that may be UV cured at a rapid rate with a Xenon excimer lamp. The perfluoropolyether preferably has at least one UV curable functional end group. In one embodiment, the UV curable end group comprises an acrylate.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a write pole for perpendicular magnetic recording for accurately defining a side shield throat height and write pole flare point. The method includes the formation of a magnetic structure that provides an electronic lapping guide as well as providing the structure for both the side shields and the write pole. The magnetic structure includes a write pole portion and first and second side shield portions. The side shields portions are magnetically connected with the write pole portion in a region in front of an intended air hearing surface plane (e.g. in the direction from which lapping will progress). The side shields portions are each separated from the write pole portion in a region behind the intended air bearing surface plane by notches that terminate at a desired location relative to the intended air bearing surface plane and which open up in a region behind the intended air bearing surface plane.

Abstract: A magnetic head includes: a pole layer; a nonmagnetic layer disposed on part of the top surface of the pole layer; a gap layer disposed on the pole layer and the nonmagnetic layer; and a shield disposed on the gap layer. The top surface of the pole layer includes: a first portion having a first edge located in a medium facing surface and a second edge opposite thereto; and a second portion located farther from the medium facing surface than the first portion and connected to the first portion at the second edge. The first portion is inclined with respect to a direction orthogonal to the medium facing surface so that the distance from a substrate increases with increasing distance from the medium facing surface. The nonmagnetic layer has a bottom surface touching the second portion, and this bottom surface has an edge located at the second edge.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor for detecting magnetism in two-axial directions or three-axial directions is constituted of a substrate, a silicon oxide film that is formed on the substrate so as to form the planar surface and slopes, a plurality of magnetoresistive elements, each of which is formed by laminating a free layer, a conductive layer, and a pin layer on the substrate, a plurality of lead films that are formed to connect the magnetoresistive elements in series, a CVD oxide film for covering the magnetoresistive elements, and a non-magnetic film that is formed between the magnetoresistive elements and the CVD oxide film so as to cover the periphery of the free layer with respect to each magnetoresistive element. Thus, it is possible for the magnetic sensor to include the magnetoresistive elements having superior hysteresis characteristics.

Abstract: Provided is a current sensor capable of detecting an induced magnetic field by a current to be detected with higher precision. The first and second modules are provided on facing surfaces of integrated substrates, respectively, with spacers in between. Each of the first and second modules includes an element substrate, and an MR element layer. On each of the MR elements layers, provided is an MR element having a stacked structure including a pinned layer, a nonmagnetic intermediate layer, and a free layer whose magnetization direction changes according to the induced magnetic field and which exhibits an anisotropic field in a direction different from that of the magnetization of the pinned layer. The stacked structures of the MR elements are provided in a same layer level.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a magnetic head suitable for high density recording at a high yield by reducing the thickness of an air-bearing surface protection layer of a magnetic head and suppressing reduction in the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of a read element. According to one embodiment, a read element of a magnetic head has a magnetoresistive effect film (TMR film) between a lower magnetic shield layer and an upper magnetic shield layer, and has a refill film and a magnetic domain control film in both sides of the TMR film. The TMR film is configured by a lower metal layer, an antiferromagnetic layer, a ferromagnetic pinned layer, an intermediate layer, a ferromagnetic free layer, and an upper metal layer. An air-bearing surface protection layer, including a silicon nitride film about 2.0 nm in thickness, is formed on a recording medium facing surface of the TMR film. Since silicon in the silicon nitride film is inactivated by nitrogen, the silicon does not damage the TMR film.

Abstract: An insertion layer is provided between an AFM layer and an AP2 pinned layer in a GMR or TMR element to improve exchange coupling properties by increasing Hex and the Hex/Hc ratio without degrading the MR ratio. The insertion layer may be a 1 to 15 Angstrom thick amorphous magnetic layer comprised of at least one element of Co, Fe, or Ni, and at least one element having an amorphous character selected from B, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, Si, or P, or a 1 to 5 Angstrom thick non-magnetic layer comprised of Cu, Ru, Mn, Hf, or Cr. Preferably, the content of the one or more amorphous elements in the amorphous magnetic layer is less than 40 atomic %. Optionally, the insertion layer may be formed within the AP2 pinned layer. Examples of an insertion layer are CoFeB, CoFeZr, CoFeNb, CoFeHf, CoFeNiZr, CoFeNiHf, and CoFeNiNbZr.

Abstract: The aircraft applicable current imbalance detection and circuit interrupter interrupts an electrical circuit when a current imbalance is sensed. The current imbalance detection and circuit interrupter includes a housing, power supplies, a sensor system for sensing a current imbalance at the line side of the electrical circuit, a logic controller and a power controller including a power relay having contacts capable of surviving carry-break and make-carry-break types of ground fault conditions at anticipated current levels. At power up, the device performs a test to confirm that none of the relay contacts have failed in a closed position, and to check whether a switching FET which controls the relay coil has shorted.

Abstract: A protection circuit is disclosed that protects a semiconductor device from damage due to an electrostatic discharge. One such protection circuit comprises a vertical pnp hetero-junction bipolar transistor (HBT) connected between terminals such as supply terminals of the device, configured to conduct during an electrostatic discharge. The protection circuit also comprises a trigger circuit, such as a transient activated RC circuit connected between the terminals to detect the electrostatic discharge and control the transistor based on the detected electrostatic discharge. A Darlington transistor pair in the trigger circuit can be used to multiply the effective capacitance and HBT drive current. The HBT transistor absorbs energy from the electrostatic discharge and clamps the over-voltage across the terminals. The protection circuit may also be used across other I/O terminals of the device.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge (ESD) avoiding circuit comprises an ESD detecting unit and a switch unit. The ESD detecting unit is coupled to a first conductive path for detecting whether the ESD happened or not. The switch unit is coupled between the first conductive path and a core circuit for switching whether the first conductive path is conducted to the core circuit or not according to a detection result of the ESD detecting unit. The ESD avoiding circuit can avoid an electrostatic current transmitting to the core circuit when the ESD is happened, and the ESD avoiding circuit can make the normal signal/voltage providing to the core circuit for operating when the ESD isn't happened.

Abstract: A chip includes a core circuit, a main electrostatic discharge immunizing circuit, and a secondary electrostatic discharge immunizing circuit. The secondary electrostatic discharge immunizing circuit is disposed beneath a core power ring formed between the core circuit and the main electrostatic discharge immunizing circuit for reaching the aim of protecting the core circuit from damage by electrostatic discharges without area penalty of the chip. Both the main electrostatic discharge immunizing circuit and the secondary electrostatic discharge immunizing circuit include a power clamp and a plurality of current limiters, and keep electrostatic currents from reaching the core circuit with the aid of the power clamp.

Abstract: An integrated circuit with reduced pad capacitance, having a trench formed in the silicon substrate below the pad to reduce the pad capacitance. In another embodiment, an encapsulated air cavity if formed underneath the pad. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: Present invention relates to an electrostatic discharge protection circuit for a transistor circuit having electrostatic discharge protection circuits coupled to an input and to an output terminal. The protection circuits comprise delay means having a predetermined delay time and switchable connecting means connected between said input terminal and a control terminal of said transistor circuit. The delay means are configured for activating said switchable connecting means for said predetermined delay time in response to an electrostatic discharge at said input terminal.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a method for over-current protection. The method comprising monitoring a load current value of a load current passing through a plurality of micro-electromechanical switching system devices, determining if the monitored load current value varies from a predetermined load current value, and generating a fault signal in the event that the monitored load current value varies from the predetermined load current value. The method also comprises diverting the load current from the plurality of micro-electromechanical switching system, devices in response to the fault signal and determining if the variance in the load current value was due to a true fault trip or a false nuisance trip.

Abstract: A battery protection IC using charging control pin, Cout, so as to reduce delay time during CP test or FT test for is disclosed. The battery protection IC has a delay time control circuit including a comparator and a delay signal selector. The comparator has a negative input terminal connected to VCC, a positive input terminal connected with the Cout pin and an output terminal connected to the delay signal selector. To perform foregoing test, a voltage source is added to activate the short delay time mode rather than a normal delay time one.

Abstract: An inductive load is connected between an output node and a first power supply which supplies a first power supply voltage. An inductive load driving apparatus includes a flyback voltage generation control circuit connected in series with the inductive load through the output node between the first power supply voltage and a second power supply voltage which is lower than the first power supply voltage. The flyback voltage generation control circuit includes a switch turned on in response to a first control signal and turned off in response to a second control signal, and a flyback voltage is generated on the output node when the switch is turned off, and is not generated when the switch is turned on.

Abstract: An electronic system and a cell module thereof are provided. The electronic system includes an electronic device and a cell module. The cell module includes a cell, a discharge switching circuit, and a surge current suppressed and controlled circuit. The discharge switching circuit is coupled to the cell. The surge current suppressed and controlled circuit is used for controlling the discharge switching circuit, so that the current flowing from the cell into the electronic device gradually increases by the discharge switching circuit when the electronic device is coupled to the discharge switching circuit.

Abstract: In an opto-isolator, common mode pulses that occur are compensated for by either adding current to the electrical-to-optical converter (EOC) drive current to compensate for a decrease in the EOC drive current caused by the occurrence of a common mode pulse or by pulling some of the drive current away from the EOC to compensate for an increase in the EOC drive current caused by the occurrence of a common mode pulse.

Abstract: Described is a method and array for magnetizing a magnetizable object. The method includes the steps of (a) applying a first degaussing signal to the magnetizable object to degauss the magnetizable object and the first degaussing signal is an alternating electrical signal having a first frequency and a first amplitude; (b) applying a magnetizing signal to the degaussed magnetizable object to magnetize the magnetizable object; and (c) applying a second degaussing signal to the magnetized magnetizable object to partially degauss the magnetized magnetizable object and the second degaussing signal is an alternating electrical signal having a second frequency and a second amplitude.

Abstract: A voltage generator used to generate a voltage for driving a vehicle fuel injector includes a microcomputer, a coil, and a capacitor. The microcomputer calculates an interval at which the fuel injector is driven. When the interval is less than or equal to a predetermined time period, the microcomputer causes a first current to flow through the coil so that the capacitor is charged to a first level by counterelectromotive force produced in the coil. When the interval is greater than the time period, the microcomputer causes a second current less than the first current to flow through the coil so that the capacitor is charged to a second level less than the first level. The fuel injector is driven by the capacitor voltage.

Abstract: A driving device for a piezoelectric actuator supplies charges and discharges the piezoelectric actuator through a charging switch and a discharging switch, respectively. The charging switch is repeatedly turned on and off thereby to charge and expand the piezoelectric actuator. The discharging switch is repeatedly turned on and off thereby to discharge and contract the piezoelectric actuator. The discharging switch is kept ON especially during a period from when the discharging switching control is terminated to when the charging switching control is started next. Thus, the piezoelectric voltage at the start of the next driving can be made substantially 0V.

Abstract: There is provided a static eliminator which comprises an ion generating portion in the form of tape. There is also provided a self-discharged static eliminator comprising an conductor provided with discharge whiskers in which the conductor is applied with a predetermined voltage. There is also provided a DC type of self-discharged fiber-like static eliminator which comprises plus fiber electrodes applied with plus voltage, minus fiber electrodes applied with minus voltage, a support disposed between the plus and minus electrodes for supporting the plus and minus electrodes and provided with insulation reserving member for preventing the spark discharge or short due to the access of the plus and minus electrodes.

Abstract: A moisture sensor includes interdigitated first and second electrodes formed in trenches 26. A porous low-k dielectric 20 is provided between the electrodes. The electrodes are of Cu 30 surrounded by a barrier layer 28,32 to protect the Cu from corrosion. TiN may be used as barrier layer 28 and selectively deposited barrier material such as CoWB, MoWB or NiMoP as barrier layer 32.

Abstract: Capacitors and methods for fabricating the same are provided. An exemplary embodiment of a capacitor comprises a dielectric layer and a first conductive layer thereover. A supporting rib is embedded in the first conductive layer and extends along a first direction. A second conductive layer is embedded in the first conductive layer and extends along a second direction perpendicular with the first direction, wherein a portion of the second conductive layer forms across the supporting rib and is structurally supported by the supporting rib. A capacitor layer is formed between the first and second conductive layers to electrically insulate the first and second conductive layers.

Abstract: A dielectric interlayer, especially for a storage capacitor, is formed from a layer sequence subjected to a temperature process, wherein the layer sequence has at least a first metal oxide layer and a second metal oxide layer formed by completely oxidizing a metal nitride layer to higher valency.

Abstract: Material powder having a tetragonal perovskite crystal structure essentially containing BaTiO3 is provided. The material powder has a c-axis/a-axis ratio ranging from 1.009 to 1.011 and an average particle diameter not larger than 0.5 ?m. A dielectric layer is provided by mixing the material powder with additive. The dielectric layer has a tetragonal perovskite crystal structure essentially containing BaTiO3. The dielectric layer has a c-axis/a-axis ratio ranging from 1.005 to 1.009 and an average particle diameter not larger than 0.5 ?m. An electrode is formed on the dielectric layer, thus, providing a ceramic capacitor. This ceramic capacitor has a large capacitance and a small capacitance-decreasing rate.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ultracapacitor having electrodes containing mineral microtubules, an electrolyte between the electrodes, and a separator in the electrolyte to provide electrical insulation between the electrodes, while allowing ion flow within the electrolyte. The electrodes may be formed from a paste containing microtubules, a conductive polymer containing mineral microtubules, or an aerogel containing the mineral microtubules. The mineral microtubules may be filled with carbon, a pseudocapacitance material, or a magnetoresistive material. The mineral microtubules may also be coated with a photoconductive material.

Abstract: Particular aspects provide capacitors, and particularly ultracapacitors, comprising molecules suitable to substantially increasing the capacitance of the capacitor, and methods for making same Particular aspects provide ultracapacitors that include nanoparticles optionally coated with molecules, such as polymer electrolytes. Certain aspects provide an energy storage device or capacitor, comprising at least three layers sealed in a fluid-tight covering, wherein a first layer comprises at least one electrolytic polymer molecule of positive charge and at least one nanoparticle; a second dielectric layer comprising at least one insulative polymer; a third layer comprising at least one electrolytic polymer molecule of negative charge and at least one nanoparticle.

Abstract: It is provided the electrolytic solution for use in the electrolytic capacitor including a capacitor element and a casing containing said capacitor element, said capacitor element including a pair of electrodes, and a conductive separator (E) which is formed with a conductive polymer layer (F) containing a dopant agent (H) on its surface and is interposed between said pair of electrodes, said conductive separator (E) and said pair of electrodes being rolled up in an overlapped state with each other, and spaces between said pair of electrodes being impregnated with the electrolytic solution for electrolytic capacitor, wherein an acid component (D) and a base component (C) as electrolytic components to be contained in said electrolytic solution are at such a molar ratio that the acid component (D) is excessive. By use of said electrolytic solution for electrolytic capacitor, the increase in the ESR with the elapse of time in an electrolytic capacitor is suppressed.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a solid electrolytic capacitor having a small equivalent series resistance. In this solid electrolytic capacitor, a capacitor element is buried inside of an outer package of an epoxy resin or the like, the capacitor element including an anode in which a part of an anode lead is buried, a dielectric layer which is formed on the anode and contains a niobium oxide and a cathode which is formed on the dielectric layer. The cathode includes a first electrolyte layer which is formed on the dielectric layer and contains a conductive polymer, an intermediate layer which is formed on the first electrolyte layer and contains organic silane, a second electrolyte layer which is formed on the intermediate layer and contains a conductive polymer, a first conductive layer which is formed on the second electrolyte layer and contains carbon particles and a second conductive layer which is formed on the first conductive layer and contains silver particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a capacitor having high capacitance, low ESR (equivalent series resistance) in a high-frequency region and low leakage current, comprising a composite oxide film obtained by reaction of an oxide film obtained by subjecting the surface of the substrate comprising valve-acting metal element with a solution in which metal ion and an organic base are dissolved and by subsequently sintering the reactant, a solid electrolyte formed on the composite oxide film and a conductor layer formed thereon; a method for producing the same and electronic devices using the same.

Abstract: In the invention, a finger board is bent like a “letter V”, and a thickness adjustment plate is provided between the finger boards of modules to be able to move, thereby being able to adjust the height of a finger. Such a configuration enables to increase the contact pressure of the finger by increasing the height of the finger when the finger is inserted, and when the finger is detached, reduce the contact pressure by reducing the height of the finger. This accordingly provides a shield chassis of suppressing any possible noise with no loss of insertability/removability.

Abstract: There is provided a case for containing a portable media player, the case including: a frame for placement of the media player; and a speaker driver mounted in a cabinet, the speaker driver connectable to an audio output of the media player. The media player may be either permanently located within the case or removable from the case. The speaker driver may be connected to the audio output of the media player using either a wired connection or a wireless connection, the speaker driver being exposed when the case is in an open mode and the speaker driver being concealed when the case is in a closed mode. The case alternates between the open mode and the closed mode using fasteners such as, for example, adhesive strips, Velcro strips, magnetic strips, or a zipper.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a portable electronic device component eject mechanism. The portable electronic device component eject mechanism includes a first member and a second member. The first member is configured to contact a first portable electronic device component. The second member is movably connected to the first member. The second member is configured to release a second portable electronic device component when the second member is moved in a first direction. The first member is configured to eject the first component when the second member is moved in a second direction. The first component and the second component comprise a removable electronic module and a battery.