Abstract: A method of repairing a utility pole in place. The method comprises excavating soil from around the utility pole to expose a portion of the pole surface below the ground line, and adhering a plurality of prefabricated sleeve segments to the surface of the utility pole to form a circumferential sleeve. The plurality of sleeve segments are positioned to extend above and below the ground line and have side edges that each overlap an edge of an adjacent sleeve segment. The hole around the pole is then filled, such as with a slurry of soil, water and sodium silicate. This method may be beneficially used on wooden utility poles that have experienced decay, in order to restore strength to the pole.

Abstract: A masonry or brick transport device is provided and is operable for receiving and retaining an array of bricks or other masonry products thereon such that masonry workers can easily lift, carry and transport the masonry products from one location (a storage location) to another (an installation location). The brick transport device provided includes a base frame carriage having at least two side rails and at least one interposing cross rail attached thereto. At least one, but preferably two, fork(s) operable for engaging and supporting a brick array are provided to the cross rail. Further, handle bars are provided for permitting a pair of workers to lift and transport the device. Optionally, a hook may be provided to the frame carriage for carrying a bucket or like device.

Abstract: Changing or feeding, respectively, of a working tool (11) into a workstation (110) of a packaging machine (1) takes place by varying a distance of a receiving unit having arranged the working tools (11), with respect to a support rack (15) by means of a lifting device (200). By means of a shifting means (300) the working tool (11) can be shifted from the support (10) into the workstation (110), or reverse. Therein, the support (10) can be formed such that it is movable out of the packaging machine (1).

Abstract: Disclosed is an automatic tablet packing apparatus having sliding racks, wherein tablets received in a plurality of tablet cassettes are successively packed on a per dose basis based on a medical prescription. Each of the sliding racks includes a pair of left and right partition walls, a tablet discharge passage to guide the tablets discharged from the tablet cassettes being defined by facing inner surfaces of the left and right partition walls. Cassette pedestals are attached to outer surfaces of the left and right partition walls and in turn, the tablet cassettes are detachably arranged on the cassette pedestals. The left and right partition walls are able to be individually pulled out from a body of the apparatus. As the left or right partition wall is pulled out, the tablet discharge passage is revealed to the outside thus enabling easy cleaning thereof.

Abstract: A sealing jaw for producing sealed packages of a food product from a tube of packaging material includes a supporting body, and a first work surface which interacts, in use, with a second work surface on a further jaw to grip the material to be sealed and perform a sealing operation; one of the jaws defines an anvil, and the other of the jaws defines heating means; the jaw has connecting means for connecting the first surface to the supporting body; the connecting means define a curved third and a curved fourth surface made of rigid material and cooperating mutually to allow the first surface to oscillate with respect to the supporting body when gripping the packaging material prior to the sealing operation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and device for packaging dry ice in a plastic film, the said device comprising: —means for dispensing and shaping a plastic film comprising a shaping sleeve over the exterior wall of which the plastic film is paid out, —a dry ice generator connected to a source of liquid carbon dioxide, the dry ice generator being positioned inside the shaping sleeve so as to leave a gap between the generator and the shaping sleeve and allow the plastic film shaped to become filled with dry ice, —and means for sealing the shaped plastic film, characterized in that the shaping sleeve is equipped with thermal insulating means and/or with heating means.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the production of a pocketed spring unit, the method comprising the steps of compressing and feeding a plurality of springs (42) into troughs (2A, 4A) or castellations in opposed conveyor belts (2, 4), moving said springs (42) from said troughs (2A, 4A) or casetellations to a position between upper and lower layers of fabric or other material (18A, 18A), step-wise advancing said material (16A, 18A) and said springs (42) in the direction of the output of the apparatus and welding together said lengths of fabric or other material (16A, 18A) at each step-wise advancement by a plurality of sequentially controlled welding anvils (10) so as to form a plurality of discrete pockets (46) each containing a spring (42). Apparatus for carrying out the method is disclosed.

Abstract: A method and a device for packaging product portions in a wrapper are proposed, wherein at least two webs of a packaging material are aligned parallel, with the longitudinal edges facing each other overlapping, and each transported towards one upwardly open folding shaft, the webs are severed transverse to the overlapping longitudinal edges, creating flat blanks of the wrappers, and the blanks are folded into the folding shaft by means of a folding stamp, insertable into the folding shaft, creating an upwardly open wrapper, whereupon the product portion is placed in the open wrappers and the upwardly protruding sections of the wrappers are then turned inward while overlapping.

Abstract: A device for controlling a twist of a tube of packaging material in relation to an apparatus for transverse sealing of the tube comprises a number of rollers forming an aperture through which the packaging material is arranged to pass. A roller surface of each of the rollers is arranged to be in contact with an outer surface of the tube. The direction of the rotation axis of at least one of the rollers is adjustable to control the twist of the tube. A method for controlling a twist of a tube of packaging material comprises allowing the packaging material to pass through an aperture formed by a number of rollers with a rolling surface in contact with an outer surface of the tube, and adjusting the direction of the rotation axis of at least one of the rollers to control the twist of the tube.

Abstract: A system for pulp bale wrapping includes at least one press plate operable to press a wrapper into a pulp bale. A method for wrapping pulp bale includes disposing the pulp bale between an upper wrapper and a lower wrapper, wrapping the pulp bale in the upper wrapper and the lower wrapper, and maintaining at least one of the upper wrapper and the lower wrapper in a wrapped position by crushing the at least one wrapper into the wrapped pulp bale.

Abstract: A reclosable flexible package is suitable for retail sale of food products and is comprised of a film material. The reclosable flexible packages are suitable for mass production on high-speed form-fill-seal equipment. The flexible package includes a pair of semi-rigid strips attached to the walls of the flexible pouch and positioned parallel to the package opening. The semi-rigid strips are configured and arranged to nest together and bias toward one another. Upon opening of the package, the semi-rigid strips are moveable between a closed position and an open position. Further, the semi-rigid strips are configured such that they automatically reclose the package when the strips are released from the open position.

Abstract: A loader includes a sling for supporting a one or more items. The sling is secured on opposite sides of a loading chamber. The loader also includes a lowering mechanism. The lowering mechanism can lower the sling. The loader includes a release mechanism that secures one or both sides of the sling. After the sling is lowered by the lowering mechanism an adequate distance to place the one or more items close to the receptacle, the release mechanism releases one or both sides of the sling, which places the one or more items in or on a receptacle. The loader includes a take-up mechanism attached to one side of the sling. The take-up mechanism takes up the sling when the opposite side of the sling is released by the release mechanism. The loader is capable of inserting close fitting items into receptacles, such as a stack of trays of produce.

Abstract: The invention provides an interlinked device for producing sealed packaging units, with a clocked delivery device for web-like material, with a separating device for separating in each case at least one portion of the web-like material, with a clocked packaging device, and with a sealing device, the sum of the stoppage intervals per cycle of the delivery device differing from the sum of the stoppage intervals per cycle of the packaging device, and a method for producing such a packaging unit. For this purpose, the device comprises an intermediate conveyor device which, in the material flow, is arranged between the delivery device and the packaging device. An optical inspection device is also arranged on the intermediate conveyor device and used at least for geometric inspection of the separated portion. With the present invention, a device and a method are disclosed for producing packaging units in an interlinked device, in which the content of the packaging unit can be inspected.

Abstract: A horse stirrup which also functions as a mounting aid by providing, in the same assembly, a foot supporting platform for riding, as well as a convenient, lower level platform for mounting. The mounting platform, and related structure, also function, in cooperation with the riding platform, to reduce the exposure of the rider to stirrup foot lock in case of a fall.

Abstract: A diesel particulate filter assembly configured to be incorporated into an exhaust treatment device, the diesel filter assembly comprising: a ceramic media disposed about a center support defining an outlet flow path; a pair of end supports secured to the center support and the ceramic media; and an end cone secured to one of the pair of end supports.

Abstract: A filter cartridge arrangement is provided which includes a media pack comprising Z-filter media, a preform and a housing seal member. Improvements in the preform and seal member are described which include: a single beveled surface of the seal member to facilitate installation; and, an inside region of the seal member having a tip adjacent in inwardly directed lip of the preform, to control flash during molding. A variety of media pack configurations and features are described.

Abstract: A battery-powered lawn mower includes a deck supported by wheels on a first side and a cutting mechanism having a first motor, including a first output member. A first cutting blade is driven by the first output member. A self-drive transmission has a second motor that selectively communicates an output to a drive axle. A force feedback controller measures a load on the first motor and changes an output voltage to the second motor based on the measured load.

Abstract: A multi-blade lawn mower has a mower deck with a downwardly directed interior opening. At least two rotary blades are disposed within the opening. A generally circular wraparound baffle is adapted to surround each rotary blade. The wraparound baffle has a throat area opening generally towards one of the walls at an acute angle and/or an opening in the mower deck. The wraparound baffle also has a sloped wall portion adapted to decrease in height gradually from the height of the wraparound baffle to an edge terminating in the throat area. A collar is attached to the top wall and extends downward to a position adjacent the rotary blade. The collar surrounds a spindle attached to the rotary blade to prevent grass buildup created by movement of the rotary blades in a vortex area proximate the spindle.

Abstract: A cutting platform for use with an agricultural harvesting machine includes at least one platform section. Each platform section has a cutterbar assembly movable in a localized manner in upwards and downwards directions, an endless belt with a leading edge, and a plurality of skid shoes. Each skid shoe extends rearwardly from the cutterbar assembly and has an upper surface defining a belt support for the leading edge of the endless belt.

Abstract: A cable protection and guide device in which the number of parts used is reduced and assembly is simplified. Dust generation and bending fatigue is suppressed so that the cable protection and guide device exhibits excellent form stability of the cable accommodating space. Side plate portions and coupling portions are integrally molded from polyamide fatigue resistant resin into the form of a connecting link module. A polyacetal resin stopper link, which holds and limits the linear position and the bending position by engagement with the connecting link module, is inter-fitted with a coupling portion of the connecting link module by a snap-fit mechanism from the cable accommodating space side.

Abstract: A cable protection and guide device in which disengagement of a connection pin from a connecting pin hole is prevented. A cable protection and guide device in which a number of link frame bodies are flexibly and sequentially connected to each other such that a connecting pin of a preceding link plate is inserted into a connecting pin hole of the subsequent link plates. Cutout opening portions reside in the link plates. Connecting pins are inserted into the connecting pin hole 114. The connecting pins pass through a cutout portion of the side plate. Cutout opening portions in the link plates communicate with the connecting pin holes. A filling member integrally formed in the lid-shaped connecting arm seals against the connecting pin.

Abstract: An engine contains a compressor stage, a pulse detonation combustion stage and a turbine stage. The pulse detonation combustion stage contains at least one pulse detonation combustor which has an inlet portion. The pulse detonation combustor is oriented longitudinally and/or tangentially with respect to a centerline of the engine.

Abstract: A turbine air-intake filter for removal of particles from an air stream entering a gas turbine comprises a composite filter media (10) being made from a membrane filtration layer (20) comprising a porous polymeric membrane, such as porous polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), and at least one depth filtration media layer (18) comprising fibers, such as a melt blown web, and being disposed on an upstream side of the membrane filtration layer (20) relative to a direction of gas flow through the filter. The fibers of the depth filtration media layer (18) have an electrostatic charge. The ePTFE membrane is preferably made from a blend of a PTFE homopolymer and a modified PTFE polymer.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for propelling a vehicle. In an embodiment, by way of example only, a method includes flowing a decomposed hydroxylammonium nitrite (HAN)-based propellant into a chamber, introducing an aspirated non-polar fuel into the chamber, and combusting the decomposed HAN-based propellant and the aspirated non-polar fuel to produce an exhaust gas.

Abstract: A method for controlling regeneration of a particle filter by electrically heating the particle filter. According to the method, the regeneration is triggered by a calculator according to a loading level and temperature of the particle filter. The calculator simultaneously uses parameters relating to the operation of the vehicle so as to take into account the fuel consumption driven by the electrical heating of the filter.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for eliminating noxious products in the emissions of hydrocarbon combustions exhaust gases includes the combination of three forms of radiant energy production which all together and/or also separately concur to eliminate all the carbon particulates and the unburnt hydrocarbons, as well as the volatile gases (SOV) deriving from combustion processes of any kind. The three forms of radiant energy are: radiant energy by means of radiant tubes; radiant energy produced by bombarding the material by means of microwaves due to a quantum effect; and radiant energy created by pulsed laser rays properly sent upon a graybody.

Abstract: A fuel control system of an engine system comprises a pre-catalyst exhaust gas oxygen (EGO) sensor, a setpoint generator module, a sensor offset module, and a control module. The pre-catalyst EGO sensor generates a pre-catalyst EGO signal based on an air-fuel ratio of an exhaust gas. The setpoint generator module generates a desired pre-catalyst equivalence ratio (EQR) signal based on a desired EQR of the exhaust gas. The sensor offset module determines an offset value of the pre-catalyst EGO sensor. The control module generates an expected pre-catalyst EGO signal based on the desired pre-catalyst EQR signal and the offset value.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification system includes: at least two catalysts (1a, 1b) disposed in parallel with each other on an exhaust gas passage of an internal combustion engine (3) and having a carrier containing a basic oxide and platinum carried on the carrier; and oxygen supply means (2) for supplying oxygen to the catalysts (1a, 1b).

Abstract: A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine has an oxygen storage volume computing unit for computing an oxygen storage volume of a catalyst by using a real air/fuel ratio detected by an air/fuel ratio sensor installed on the upstream side of a catalyst, a center air/fuel ratio representing a stoichiometric air/fuel ratio and an estimated air flow volume or detecting a flow rate of air flowing into the catalyst. A center air/fuel ratio correcting unit for correcting a center air/fuel ratio based on output of a rear air/fuel ratio sensor provided on the downstream side of the catalyst, and an oxygen storage volume computed by an oxygen storage volume computing unit, and the oxygen storage volume computing unit computes an oxygen storage volume by using a center air/fuel ratio corrected by the center air/fuel ratio correcting unit.

Abstract: Various embodiments of an apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for managing regeneration event characteristics. For example, according to one embodiment, an apparatus for controlling the temperature of the outlet exhaust of an internal combustion engine for a regeneration event on a particulate matter filter includes a regeneration module and a fuel injection strategy module. The regeneration module is configured to determine a desired engine outlet exhaust gas temperature for a regeneration event. The fuel injection strategy module is configured to determine a regeneration fuel injection strategy for achieving the desired engine outlet exhaust gas temperature. The regeneration fuel injection strategy includes a main fuel injection, a first heat post-injection, and a second heat post-injection. In certain implementations, the fuel injection strategy also includes at least one or two non-heat post-injections for achieving a desired particulate filter inlet exhaust gas temperature.

Abstract: Fuel added to exhaust gas is uniformly afforded to catalytic surfaces of a NOx-adsorption reduction catalyst so that overall regeneration of the NOx-adsorption reduction catalyst proceeds efficiently. The invention is directed to an exhaust emission control device with the NOx-adsorption reduction catalyst incorporated in an exhaust pipe (exhaust flow passage) for guidance of the exhaust gas 9 from an engine 1 and with an fuel addition device (fuel addition means) 13 arranged for addition of fuel as a reducing agent to the exhaust pipe (exhaust flow passage) 11 upstream of the reduction catalyst 12 (exhaust flow passage) 11, a dispersion plate 15 being arranged between a position of adding the fuel by the fuel addition device 13 and the NOx-adsorption reduction catalyst 12 for dispersing the exhaust gas 9 to stimulate dispersion of the added fuel.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, an NOX selective reducing catalyst is arranged in the engine exhaust passage, and an NOX storage catalyst able to store NOX contained in the exhaust gas is arranged at the upstream of the NOX selective reducing catalyst. The NOX storage catalyst is fed with mist fuel, and the NOX stored in the NOX storage catalyst and the fed fuel are used to produce an intermediate product comprising bonded molecules comprised of NH2 and a hydrocarbon molecule more than an equivalent ratio with respect to one NOX molecule. These intermediate products are adsorbed at the NOX selective reducing catalyst, whereby the adsorbed intermediate product reduces the NOX in the exhaust gas.

Abstract: An exhaust system for use with a combustion engine is disclosed. The exhaust system may have an exhaust passageway, and a reduction catalyst disposed within the exhaust passageway. The exhaust system may also have a first sensor located to generate a first signal indicative of an operational parameter of the reduction catalyst, and a second sensor located to generate a second signal indicative of a performance parameter of the reduction catalyst. The exhaust system may further have an injection device located to inject reductant upstream of the reduction catalyst, and a controller in communication with the combustion engine, the first sensor, the second sensor, and the injection device. The controller may be configured to determine a NOX production of the combustion engine, determine an amount of reductant that should be injected based on the NOX production and the first signal, and adjust the amount based on the second signal.

Abstract: An exhaust system for use with a combustion engine is disclosed. The exhaust system may have an exhaust passageway, a reduction catalyst, a reductant injector, and a controller. The controller may have a NOX/reductant relationship map, and be configured to receive a first input relating to an amount of NOx within the exhaust passageway upstream of the reduction catalyst, and reference the NOX/reductant relationship map to determine an initial amount of reductant that should be directed into the exhaust passageway based on the first input. The controller may also be configured to receive a second input relating to performance of the reduction catalyst, determine an adjustment to the initial amount of reductant based on the second input, and regulate operation of the reductant injector to direct an adjusted amount of reductant into the exhaust passageway. The controller may further be configured to update the NOX/reductant relationship map based on the determined adjustment.

Abstract: Various embodiments of an apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for managing regeneration event characteristics. For example, according to one embodiment, an apparatus for controlling the temperature of the output exhaust of an internal combustion engine for a regeneration event on a particulate matter filter includes a regeneration module, a turbocharger thermal management module, a fuel injection thermal management module, and an air intake thermal management module. The regeneration module determines a desired particulate matter filter inlet exhaust gas temperature for a regeneration event. The turbocharger thermal management module determines a variable geometry turbine (VGT) device position strategy. The fuel injection thermal management module determines a fuel injection strategy. The air intake thermal management module determines an intake throttle position strategy.

Abstract: An exhaust emission control device is provided which can effectively regenerate a NOx absorption reduction catalyst even in a relatively low temperature region to improve NOx reduction ratio while minimizing deterioration of fuel economy. Incorporated in an exhaust pipe 4 through which exhaust gas 3 discharged from a diesel engine 1 via an exhaust manifold 2 flows is a reformer 8 having a fuel adding device 5, a heater 6 and a reforming catalyst 7. Arranged downstream of the reformer is a NOx absorption reduction catalyst 9.

Abstract: A pre-catalyst device configured to be disposed upstream of a main aftertreatment device of an engine exhaust system. An oxidizing material is disposed on an inlet face of the pre-catalyst device, where the oxidizing material is configured to oxidize engine exhaust before the engine exhaust reaches the main aftertreatment device of the engine exhaust system.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the present invention a selective reduction catalyst system with a broad temperature window for lean-burn gasoline and diesel engines is disclosed. The system includes a first and second zone, wherein the first zone is composed of an iron SCR catalyst and a second zone is composed of a copper SCR catalyst, and wherein the second zone is positioned downstream of the first zone. In another embodiment, a small copper SCR catalyst is placed in front of a second zone composed of an iron SCR catalyst and a third zone composed of a copper SCR catalyst, wherein the volume of the first copper SCR catalyst is a fraction of the volume of the second copper SCR catalyst. In yet another embodiment, a diverter valve would be included in the system to eliminate any NOx penalty produced by the front Cu SCR catalyst.

Abstract: An exhaust mixer (16) is provided for use in an engine exhaust system (10) downstream from an additive injector (14). The mixer (16) includes a first wall structure (20), and a second wall structure (22) carrying a set of mixer vanes (30), the second wall structure (22) being cone shaped and extending radially outwardly from the first wall structure (20).

Abstract: The invention relates to an exhaust manifold (12) consisting of: an outer casing (18) comprising an outer shell (22) and a flange (24) which is welded to the outer shell (22) and which is equipped with a surface (24B) that is supported by an engine head and at least one hole (28) which opens onto said support surface (24A); and at least one internal conduit (20) which is disposed in the outer casing (18) and which terminates in a hole (28). The invention is characterised in that: each internal conduit (20) is formed from a ceramic material; and each internal conduit (20) extends through the flange (24) by means of each hole (28) and comprises an extension (32) that extends outside the outer casing (18) towards the exterior and beyond the support surface (24A).

Abstract: An exhaust system includes first and second exhaust pipes each of which has an upstream end communicating with an engine and a downstream end. The exhaust pipes are of different lengths. A length equalizer includes an outer pipe and an inner pipe disposed within the outer pipe. Once end of the inner pipe communicates with a space between the inner and outer pipes. The longer of the two exhaust pipes communicates with the space between the inner and outer pipes of the length equalizer. The shorter of the two exhaust pipes communicates directly with the inner pipe of the length equalizer. The distance between the downstream end of the longer exhaust pipe and the inner end of the inner pipe of the length equalizer is substantially equal to the difference in length between the longer and shorter exhaust pipes.

Abstract: A fluid system includes a controllable first pump unit for supplying fluid pressure to at least one implement; a prime mover arranged to supply a driving torque to the first pump The first pump unit is arranged to supply fluid pressure to the implement. The fluid system further includes a controllable second pump unit connected to a fluid accumulator. The prime mover is arranged to supply a driving torque to the second pump unit in order to accumulate fluid pressure in the accumulator during periods of low demand. Fluid pressure from the accumulator is arranged to drive the second pump unit to assist the prime mover during periods of high demand in order to supply an additional driving torque in excess of the available driving torque from the prime mover.

Abstract: A torque converter coupled to a transmission has a torque converter operating mode and a lockup operating mode. A first pump may be configured to supply transmission fluid to a plurality of electro-hydraulic transmission components. A second pump may be configured to supply transmission fluid to a lubrication system of the transmission. A valve may be configured to route transmission fluid supplied by the second pump through the torque converter during the torque converter operating mode. Means may also be provided for selectively routing at least some of the transmission fluid supplied by the first pump through the torque converter. Illustratively, transmission fluid supplied by the first pump may, but need not, be routed to the torque converter only during the torque converter operating mode or only during the torque converter operating mode if the temperature of transmission fluid exiting the torque converter exceeds a threshold temperature.

Abstract: An mechanical power system is provided for providing torque without using a heat engine in virtually any non-aviation application where fossil-fuel engines have conventionally been used, by simply replacing the fossil-fuel burning engine with a rotary pneumatic motor of appropriate size for the application and feeding pressure-regulated compressed gas to the rotary pneumatic motor. The rotary pneumatic motor can be used virtually anywhere, and requires merely a supply of compressed gas to run it, preferably compressed nitrogen. Automotive, marine and electrical generating applications are easily adaptable, and auxiliary fossil-fuel engines can be added for emergencies where a supply of compressed gas has been exhausted. A screw-type compressor can be electrically powered to supply compressed gas to the pneumatic motor where tanks of compressed gas have been exhausted. Tanks of compressed gas are to be conveniently user replaceable.

Abstract: An array of valve sections in a hydraulic system are connected to a supply line, a tank return line, and a load sense line. One valve sections includes a control valve with a metering orifice through which fluid flows from the supply line to a valve outlet. A load sense node is coupled by a load sense orifice to the load sense line. A load sense pressure limiter prevents pressure at the load sense node from exceeding a threshold level. A pressure compensator is connected in a fluid path between the valve outlet and one of the hydraulic actuators. The pressure compensator opens and closes the fluid path in response to pressure at the valve outlet and pressure at the load sense node, thereby governing the maximum amount of pressure that the respective valve section can apply to the hydraulic actuator.

Abstract: A hydraulic four-wheel-drive working vehicle includes a front/rear differential-lock switch valve. The front/rear differential-lock switch valve fluidly connects forward-movement high-pressure lines of the pair of main operation fluid lines, which are fluidly connected to a main hydraulic motor, and the pair of sub operation fluid lines, which are fluidly connected to a sub hydraulic motor, and also fluidly connects the forward-movement low-pressure lines of the pair of main operation fluid lines and the pair of sub operation fluid lines. The front/rear differential-lock switch valve is capable of taking a throttling fluid-connection state of fluidly connecting the corresponding lines in a state where a throttle is interposed therebetween and a full fluid-connection state of fluidly connecting the corresponding lines in a state where the throttle is not interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A machine includes a hydraulic fan system for circulating cooling air through an engine compartment. Periodically, the fan rotation direction is briefly reversed in order to dislodge any material debris that may have accumulated at the inlet to the engine compartment. When a fan reversal event is initiated, the fan motor will continue to rotate due to angular momentum even after the pump output flow has been switched from a first motor port to a second motor port. During this continued rotation as the fan decelerates to zero speed, vacuum pressure levels can arise at the first motor port, and a pressure spike can develop at the second motor port. In order to alleviate these conditions, a pressure transfer valve briefly opens to facilitate fluid flow directly from the second motor port to the first motor port as the fan motor decelerates towards zero speed before reversing direction, simultaneously alleviating vacuum and pressure spike conditions.

Abstract: A turbocharger monitor including a sensor adapted and positioned with respect to a turbocharger housing to sense passing compressor blades, generating both rotor rotation information and rotor displacement information. A controller is configured to receive the generated information from the blade sensor, and to establish rotor rotation speed and an indicator of bearing condition.

Abstract: A first and any further number of pipe steamer devices are provided. Each pipe steamer device may include a ring which has a steam pipe connection opening, a steam pipe, a water pipe, and a heating element. Each steam pipe may have a proximal end which is connected to the appropriate steam pipe connection opening and a distal end which is connected to a proximal end of the appropriate water pipe. Each water pipe may have a distal end which is located closer to the appropriate heating element than its proximal end. Each of the first steam pipe and the first water pipe may have a spiral shape. The apparatus also include a first power reinforcer device which may include a first sack and a second sack.

Abstract: The invention relates to the using of low temperature heat for the production of electrical energy by using of supercritical carbon dioxide as working fluid. It included a process and a device for process realizing with higher efficiency in relation to other known processes and with a wide temperature working range. This is related to a wider adjustability which allows an optimal operation both in summer and in winter operation without technical or constructional changes. The process is realizable without damages to the environment and is realizable with low effort. The relative emission of carbon dioxide is reduced in relation to other processes. Low temperature heat from a given heat source (1) is taken off by carbon dioxide at high supercritical pressure as heat transfer and working fluid in the process. Then the heated fluid is expanding in an expansion machine (2), which is connected with a generator (3) for the production of electric power.