Abstract: A method and system of determining the physical dimensions and configuration of a structure or system as a precursor to the design of modifications of the structure or system by analyzing hidden objects within the structure or system is provided. The method includes accessing the structure or system prior to the modification for preparation of the modification; scanning the structure or system with an x-ray backscatter unit; collecting data from the x-ray backscatter unit and combining and reconstructing the data into a 2-D, 2-D panoramic or 3-D data set; producing surfaces and structures of the hidden objects from the data set; and tying the surfaces and structures of the hidden objects into a pre-existing coordinate system of the structure or system creating a 3-D model.

Abstract: A neutron-gamma ray tomography system comprises a source, a detector array, and an image processor. The source illuminates an object with a dual neutron-gamma ray beam. The detector array characterizes neutron and gamma ray attenuation in the object. The image processor generates tomography as a function of the neutron and gamma ray attenuation.

Abstract: The computer-implemented method for inspection of a sample includes defining a plurality of locations on a surface of the sample, irradiating the surface at each of the locations with a beam of X-rays, and measuring an angular distribution of the X-rays that are emitted from the surface responsively to the beam, so as to produce a respective plurality of X-ray spectra. The X-ray spectra are analyzed to produce respective figures-of-merit indicative of a measurement quality of the X-ray spectra at the respective location. One or more locations are selected out of the plurality of locations responsively to the figures-of-merit, and a property of the sample is estimated using the X-ray spectra measured at the selected location.

Abstract: The effects of electromagnetic interference (EMI) on X-ray image data is corrected by characterizing the EMI and processing the image data to subtract the EMI effects from the image data. The X-ray image data, along with offset data, are collected in a conventional manner, affected by EMI if present, and EMI-characterizing data is immediately collected thereafter by disabling rows of a digital detector (FET off). The EMI-characterizing data, then, is not affected by the presence of image data, and can be used to characterize the amplitude and frequency of the EMI. The EMI-characterizing data is assured of being in phase with the collected image and offset data due to its collection in the same image acquisition sequence immediately following the collection of image and offset data. Artifacts due to the presence of EMI are thus eliminated from reconstructed images based upon the corrected data.

Abstract: A transmission target of a vacuum container is operable to have a ground potential and an electro-optical system is floated at a positive potential in the vacuum container. An electron beam, which is converged by means of the electro-optical system, is decelerated immediately before the electron beam is incident to the transmission target. The electron beam has energy that is several times of the final set value until the electron beam passes through the electro-optical system, and a divergence action exerted by a spatial electric charge effect is reduced. Color aberration of the electro-optical system is proportional to energy of the electron beam. Thus, if the electron beam is decelerated after the electron beam has passed through the electro-optical system, aberration is reduced in proportion to the degree of deceleration, making it possible to concurrently reduce a focus size.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in a radiation procedure includes a radiation filter having a first portion and a second portion, the first and the second portions forming a layer for filtering radiation impinging thereon, wherein the first portion is made from a first material having a first x-ray filtering characteristic, and the second portion is made from a second material having a second x-ray filtering characteristic. An apparatus for use in a radiation procedure includes a first target material, a second target material, and an accelerator for accelerating particles towards the first target material and the second target material to generate x-rays at a first energy level and a second energy level, respectively.

Abstract: A device translates a script command related to teletype (TTY) communications in a network, and generates or receives a TTY signal based on the translated script to test the network.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for addressing and broadcasting a message to recipients having both telephone network-based receiving devices and data network-based receiving devices. The apparatus includes a message router that translates the broadcast message into individual messages that are addressed to each message recipient in a format, e.g., voice, text, email, fax, pager, compatible with each message recipient's receiving device. The individual messages are transmitted by a data network server over a data network. Individual messages designated for recipients having receiving devices addressable by the data network are delivered directly over the data network to the receiving devices. Individual messages designated for recipients having receiving devices addressable by the telephone network are delivered over the data network first to a telephone network server.

Abstract: There is provided a communication device, which is provided with a target time setting system that sets a determination target time to a time at which a predetermined setting operation is performed, and a determining system that determines whether the determination target time is within a certain transmittable time period. The communication device is further provided with a transmission time setting system that sets a transmission start time to the determination target time when the determination target time is within the certain transmittable time period, and shifts the determination target time so that the determination target time is within the certain transmittable time period when the determination target time is not within the certain transmittable time period, and a transmitting system that starts to communicate with a external device through a network at the transmission start time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a computer system and method for displaying line unit performance details of equipment in a telecommunications network. The system includes a report display component for displaying a line unit performance report. The system further includes a line unit performance details component for displaying details regarding line usage information in a telecommunications network.

Abstract: Systems and method for processing orders for telecommunications services are disclosed. Generally a telecommunications transaction set of an electronic data interchange standard is received, the telecommunications transaction set corresponding to a telecommunications product or service for a customer. An order for the telecommunications product or service is then generated based on processing of the telecommunications transaction set.

Abstract: A forwarding telephone number in a programmable telephone number list associated with a called number is dialed in response to a busy or no answer signal at the called number. The programmable telephone number table may include preferred caller telephone numbers. The system and method may be may be implemented on an AIN based wire line system.

Abstract: A background noise estimate based upon a modified Doblinger noise estimate is used for modulating the output of a pseudo-random phase spectrum generator to produce the comfort noise. The circuit for estimating noise includes a smoothing filter having a slower time constant for updating the noise estimate during noise than during speech. Comfort noise is smoothly inserted by basing the amount of comfort noise on the amount of noise suppression. A discrete inverse Fourier transform converts the comfort noise back to the time domain and overlapping windows eliminate artifacts that may have been produced during processing.

Abstract: A wearable terminal holder device includes a curved body, a first D-ring and a second D-ring. The curved body has a first side and a second side with a longitudinal axis bisecting the first and second sides. The first D-ring is pivotally coupled to the first side of the body. The second D-ring is pivotally coupled to the second side of the body.

Abstract: An apparatus arranged to accept digital data as an input and to process the data according to one of either the Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA-1) or Message Digest (MD5) algorithm to produce a fixed length output word. The apparatus includes a plurality of rotational registers for storing data, one of the registers arranged to receive the input data, and data stores for initialization of some of the plurality of registers according to whether the SHA-1 or MD5 algorithm is used. The data stores include fixed data relating to SHA-1 and MD5 operation. Also included is a plurality of dedicated combinatorial logic circuits arranged to perform logic operations on data stored in selected ones of the plurality of registers.

Abstract: The public-key encryption method uses the sender-side apparatus by the creator of a ciphertest and creates the ciphertext of a plaintext x (?{0, 1}n), in y1=f(x0k1G(r)), y2=H(x0k1G(r))r with respect to the published trapdoor-equipped unidirectional function f and the random functions G, H. Meanwhile, the receiver of the ciphertext, who has received the ciphertext by the receiver-side apparatus via the communications line, performs the decryption processing with the use of f?1, i.e., the secret key, in accordance with the steps inverse to those of the encryption processing.

Abstract: A processor is provided that includes inputs to receive headers and payloads of messages in block form, a cipher key, a counter block, and an indication that a data block is ready to be received at the processor's first input, and that outputs a data block processes according to a CCM protocol and a signal requesting the provision of a data block at the processor input. The processor also includes first and second cipher circuits generating ciphered results that are a function of a input data block and an input cipher key. Furthermore, the processor includes a controller that processes a first sequence of data blocks through the first cipher circuit to generate a message integrity code and a second sequence of data blocks through the second cipher circuit to generate a set of ciphered data blocks.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a video-signal processing system, a video-signal processing apparatus and method, a recording medium, and a program for immediately recovering from loss of synchronization while encrypting/decrypting a video signal. An encryption processing unit 22 encrypts a frame number Tx, which has been obtained by counting vertical control pulses of a video signal, and transmits the frame number Tx together with an unencrypted frame number Tx and an H/V control pulse. A decryption processing unit 32 decrypts the encrypted frame number Tx so as to generate a frame number Rx and supplies the frame number Rx together with the frame number Tx and the vertical control pulses to a correcting unit 33. The correcting unit 33 generates a pseudo load pulse when the frame numbers Tx and Rx do not match with each other 16 consecutive times, and supplies the pseudo load pulse to the encryption processing unit 22 and the decryption processing unit 32.

Abstract: A method of decoding symbols in which a first codeword has been spread by a second codeword to recover first information and second information is provided. The decoding occurs jointly, with an overall output determining both the first and second information. A first parallel code multiplying operation for each codeword of the second code is followed by a second parallel code multiplying operation for the first code. An overall maximum output of the second parallel code multiplying operations determines the output information.

Abstract: A method and device for authenticating a MS has an R-UIM by using CAVE Algorithm are provided. The hardware structure of the device includes a cdma2000/HRPD dual-mode chip, a User Identity Module supporting the CAVE algorithm. The dual-mode terminal forms the NAI value with the domain name stored in a memory of the dual-mode terminal in advance by the IMSI. The dual-mode terminal extracts a RAND that is necessary for the calculation of an authentication parameter1 from the Random values included in a Chap Challenge message, instructs the R-UIM card to use the CAVE algorithm to calculate the authentication parameter1 with the RAND and an existing SSD_A in the R-UIM card, and bears the authentication parameter1 by the Result domain of a Chap Response message. With the present invention, the wastes caused by the replacement of R-UIM cards can be avoided.

Abstract: A qubit generating unit generates a qubit having a predetermined quantum state. A qubit encoding unit performs quantum encoding of the generated qubit. A first pseudo-random number generating unit generates a first pseudo-random number from secretly shared information, which has been secretly shared with the quantum receiving device in advance. A quantum modulator performs quantum modulation of the qubit on which quantum encoding has been performed based on the first pseudo-random number and sends the modulated qubit to the quantum receiving device. A second pseudo-random number generating unit generates a second pseudo-random number from secretly shared information which has been secretly shared with the above quantum sending device in advance synchronously with generation of the above first pseudo-random number.

Abstract: A method for secure communication. The method includes receiving a request at a first device to communicate with a second device. The method also includes determining if an encryption key exists between the first device and the second device. Creation of the encryption key is initiated in response to a determination that that encryption key does not exist. The initiation of the creation of the encryption key occurs without user input. The method further includes communicating with the second device using the encryption key and performing user authentication of the communication.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method, apparatus, computer program and computer program product for facilitating secure data communications. The secure data communications is carried out using a secret key for encrypting data flowing between first and second entities over a communications link. First it is determined that the communications link has been idle. Once it is determined that there is now data to flow over the previously idle communications link, the generation of a new secret key is initiated. This new secret key is then used for encrypting data sent between the first and the second entities over the communications link.

Abstract: A system and method for generating a secret key to facilitate secure communications between users. A first and second and a function between the two monoids are selected, the function being a monoid homomorphism. A group and a group action of the group on the first monoid is selected. Each user is assigned a submonoid of the first monoid so that these submonoids satisfy a special symmetry property determined by the function, a structure of the first and second monoids, and the action of the group. A multiplication of an element in the second monoid and an element in the first monoid is obtained by combining the group action and the monoid homomorphism. First and second users choose private keys which are sequences of elements in their respective submonoids. A first result is obtained by multiplying an identity element by the first element of the sequence in a respective submonoid.

Abstract: The input signal X of one channel is divided by a multi-stage delay processing device Z?1 and each of the outputs is superimposed by a specified coefficient by a coefficient processing device W0, W1, . . . , Wk. The results are added by an adder, thereby providing a correlation eliminating filter for extracting a signal component from the input signal X of one channel having a high correlation with the input signal Y of the other channel. There is provided a coefficient updating processing device 5 for successively changing the feature of the correlation eliminating filter according to an error signal e obtained from the output signal RES and the input signal Y from the other channel, and the input signal X of one channel. A surround signal is obtained from a difference between the output RES from the correlation eliminating filter and the input signal Y of the other channel.

Abstract: A dummy sound generating apparatus includes a dummy sound information storage unit that stores one or more dummy sounds, and an outer generating unit that generates one of the one or more dummy sounds outside of the vehicle upon reception of a dummy sound generation instruction signal. The dummy sound generating apparatus also includes a generation place information storage unit that stores information on a place where a dummy sound is to be generated a current position information acquiring unit that acquires information on a current position of the vehicle, and a control unit that outputs a dummy sound generation instruction signal to the outer generating unit when the current position acquired by the current position information acquiring unit matches with information on a place stored in the generation place information storage unit.

Abstract: A level adjustment method is applicable to an audio processing apparatus having a plurality of amplifiers corresponding to three or more of input channels of an audio signal for amplifying signal levels of the respective input channels. The level adjustment method is carried out by a group arrangement process of arranging the plurality of the input channels into one or more group, and a group control process of controlling each group such as to decrease an amplification rate of all the amplifiers corresponding to the input channels belonging to the same group as a maximal one of the signal levels of the input channels belonging to the same group increases. Typically, the group arrangement process is applied to an audio signal of a surround system having at least six input channels including a left channel, a right channel, a left surround channel, a right surround channel, a center channel and an LFE channel.

Abstract: A flat panel speaker. The speaker includes a drive unit made up of a signal oscillation radiator the winding of which promotes oscillating rather than translational movement of the radiator. Such a configuration allows the speaker to operate at a broad range of frequencies. In one form, the radiator includes a magnet, a coil former and a coil winding formed around the coil former in such a way that a magnetic field produced in the magnet can cooperate with a magnetic field induced by a current that corresponds to an audio signal flowing in the winding to produce an oscillating force in the radiator that can be converted into the oscillating movement imparted to the panel.

Abstract: A field ready, unsupervised-use ready, method and apparatus for audio fitting a hearing aid is described in a hand held configuration having paired comparisons (hearing selections) stored in and derivable from a memory therein. The paired comparisons are presented one at a time to a user and a preferred selection for each paired comparison is made by a select indicator after the user toggles back and forth between the selections for as many times necessary in determining their preferences. A genetic algorithm converges all the preferences upon a single solution. Crossover and mutation genetic algorithm operators operate on a linear range of indexes representative of parametric values of the pairs. A fully integrated hearing aid having all the above described features incorporated therein is also presented.

Abstract: The object of the claimed hearing aid device is to improve the speech intelligibility of a speech signal transmitted by the hearing aid device. To this end provision is made to define a maximum gain of the input signal and to determine a target gain at least at a first and second frequency of an input signal. A resulting gain is set in the hearing aid device, which does not exceed the maximum gain. A reduction of the resulting gain compared with the target gain at the first frequency is compensated for according to the invention by an automatic increase in the set resulting gain compared with the target gain at the second frequency, with compensation preferably being achieved by improving the speech intelligibility of a speech signal transmitted with the aid of the hearing aid device.

Abstract: A method and a loudspeaker construction (10), in which loudspeaker construction spherical acoustic wave fronts emitted by the diaphragms (12) of speaker elements (11) are transformed into a uniform, planar acoustic wave front. The loudspeaker construction (10) comprises a plane wave channel (20), in the surface (26) of which plane wave channel directed towards the diaphragm (12) there are adjacent sound inlet apertures (24) for transmitting acoustic waves into ducts (23) and, on the opposite side (22) of the plane wave channel, there are outlet apertures (25) for transmitting acoustic waves from the ducts into a horn portion (30). The ducts (23) taper so that the width (B) of the outlet apertures located in a row on the side of the horn portion is less than half the diameter (D) of the diaphragm.

Abstract: A lanyard for carrying or wearing portable electronic devices is disclosed. The lanyard includes a neck cord having data carrying capabilities. The lanyard also includes a harness that physically holds and operatively couples the portable electronic device to the neck cord. When a portable electronic device is coupled to the harness, the portable electronic device can be worn around a neck and communicate with an input and/or output (I/O) device (e.g., earphones) operatively coupled to the data carrying cord. That is, the I/O device can send data through the neck cord to the portable electronic device and/or receive data being carried by the neck cord from the portable electronic device. The lanyard facilitates greater ease in wearing portable electronic devices and enables better approaches for managing wires between portable electronic devices and peripheral I/O devices.

Abstract: Digital watermarking technology is used in conjunction with compressed video captured from aerial, unmanned apparatus, such as satellites and aircraft. One implementation includes a method of capturing video depicting at least a portion of the earth's surface, the video captured by an aerial, unmanned apparatus; compressing the captured video; and hiding a first digital watermark in the compressed captured video through alterations to data representing the compressed video. The first digital watermark is generally imperceptible to a human observer of the video. And the digital watermark has a plural-bit payload including at least geographical metadata associated with the captured video. Other implementations are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to controlling use of audio or image content (e.g., which may comprise video). In one claim, a method is provided including: receiving information, the information having been obtained from analyzing data representing audio elements or image picture elements to derive the information there from, accessing a database with the information to obtain permitted usage rights for audio or image content associated with the data; and providing the information to a remote device to allow control of the audio or image content in accordance with the permitted usage rights. Of course, other combinations are provided and claimed as well.

Abstract: The presently claimed invention relates to connecting video and audio signals to audio-video content. One claim recites a method including: receiving data at a server, the data representing picture elements of a video signal or audible portions of an audio signal, the data having been communicated from a remotely located handheld device; at the server, using a processor to derive identifying information from the data; obtaining a link or an address pointer from a database or registry using at least the derived identifying information, the link or address pointer linking or pointing to audio-visual content which is stored at a location remotely located from the server, the audio-visual content being associated with the video signal or with the audio signal; communicating the link or the address pointer to the remotely located handheld device, whereby the remotely located handheld device is provided access the audio-video content with the link or the address pointer.

Abstract: Visual tracking over a sequence of images is formulated by defining an object class and one or more background classes. The most discriminant features available in the images are then used to select a portion of each image as belonging to the object class. Fisher's linear discriminant method is used to project high-dimensional image data onto a lower-dimensional space, e.g., a line, and perform classification in the lower-dimensional space. The projection function is incrementally updated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a moving-object height-determining apparatus which tracks and monitors a moving-object, such as a human, from a two-dimensional image captured from above by single image-capturing means to calculate a relative height of two moving objects existing relatively close to each other.

Abstract: A system and methods for map and position determination enhancement. The method includes obtaining at least one image of a view in an area. Also, identifying at least one high-contrast feature in the image of the area and, embedding the high-contrast feature in a map of the area. The result is the generation of an enhanced map of the area which can be used to determine the position of any device or object.

Abstract: An image analysis apparatus includes a unit that accepts plural dynamic image data obtained by imaging a subject to be recognized from positions different from each other, a unit that detects a part to be detected of the subject to be recognized from series of frame image data respectively included in the plural dynamic image data, and a correction unit that compares information of a detection position of the part to be detected from the respective dynamic image data and corrects at least a part of the information of the detection position of the part to be detected from the respective dynamic image data on a basis of a result of comparison.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for localizing an area in relative movement and for determining the speed and direction thereof in real time is disclosed. Each pixel of an image is smoothed using its own time constant. A binary value corresponding to the existence of a significant variation in the amplitude of the smoothed pixel from the prior frame, and the amplitude of the variation, are determined, and the time constant for the pixel is updated. For each particular pixel, two matrices are formed that include a subset of the pixels spatially related to the particular pixel. The first matrix contains the binary values of the subset of pixels. The second matrix contains the amplitude of the variation of the subset of pixels.

Abstract: A system, method and computer readable medium are disclosed for tracking motion of an object image, by receiving an input image and correlating the input image with a reference image by computing differences between the input image and the reference image. A motion vector is generated for a subimage of the input image using a subimage metric surface, and a tracking assessment of object image motion is output based on the motion vector.

Abstract: A gesture detecting apparatus prepares time series data of coordinates of specific part of object gesturing, calculates velocity vector of the specific part from the time series data of coordinates, to obtain time-series velocity vectors, detects dynamic periods when displacement per unit time of the specific part is larger than predetermined value, based on the time-series velocity vectors, acquires each representative velocity vector from velocity vectors in each dynamic period, stores the each representative velocity vector corresponding to the each dynamic period in memory, calculates first intersection angle of two representative velocity vectors stored in the memory, the two representative velocity vectors corresponding to two successive dynamic periods, and detects that the motion of the specific part is reciprocating motion when the first intersection angle is larger than first threshold value.

Abstract: A captured image of an object is input twice using a white background and a black background, after which the opacity D and the color image X of the object are obtained to yield an object image. It is possible to easily create a high-quality real image.

Abstract: A method is used for the early identification of a deviation in the printed images which have been formed by a printing press during continuous production. A second decision threshold is provided, in addition to a decision regarding good or bad print quality. A current printed image, that has been captured, is compared with a reference image. If the current image deviates from the reference image, that deviation is evaluated using two decision thresholds.

Abstract: A method of identifying the characteristics of an image such as an iris image or other biometric image comprises taking repeated scans across the image and determining the variability between those scans. By taking a sequence of scans, a two-dimensional variation code (70) is built up. This may then be compared with a stored library of similar variation codes to identify the individual.

Abstract: With the aid of an X-ray CT (5, 6), the spatial position (r) of a body cavity that is filled with blood is determined, which for example can be a part of the aorta or of the left ventricle of the heart of a patient (1). Subsequently, a TOF-PET unit that includes two detector elements (3a, 3b) is positioned to place a predefined volume element (2) in the blood filled body cavity. From pairs of annihilation quanta received from the volume element (2) a concentration of the tracer in this volume element (2) and thus in the blood is determined. This concentration can for example be used within the framework of pharmaco-kinetic examinations which are carried out on the patient (1) with the aid of a three-dimensional PET unit (4).

Abstract: Methods and systems for combining a plurality of radiographic images. Software can be used to provide various stitching and blending methods to join first and second images into a composite, larger image.

Abstract: A method is for filtering tomographic 3D images of an examination object. The examination object is imaged by using a volume model that divides the volume of the examination object into a multiplicity of three-dimensional image voxels with individual image values, wherein the image value of each voxel reproduces an object-specific property of the examination object in this volume. After the reconstruction of the total volume for each voxel, variances are calculated in a prescribed region or radius R in order to determine contrast jumps and their spatial orientation with their tangential planes T. The image values in the tangential plane T are filtered with a two-dimensional convolution, and subsequently the original voxel data are mixed in weighted fashion with the filtered voxel data.

Abstract: The invention provides for a technique of extracting information from signals by allowing a user to select a classifier and a figure of merit for quantifying classification quality; select a transform to generate features from input data; use a recursive process of functional dissipation to generate dissipative features from features that are generated according to the transform; search for one or more dissipative features that maximize the figure of merit on a training set; and classify a test set with the classifier by using one or more of the dissipative features. Functional dissipation uses the transforms recursively by generating random masking functions and extracting features with one or more generalized matching pursuit iterations. In each iteration, the recursive process may modify several features of the transformed signal with the largest absolute values according to a specific masking function.

Abstract: A method for identifying non-body structures in digitized medical images including the steps of providing a digitized image comprising a plurality of intensities corresponding to a domain of points on an N-dimensional grid, wherein said image includes a representation of a body and of non-body structures separate from said body, initializing a surface in said image on a side of said non-body structures opposite from said body, defining a plurality of forces acting on said surface, and displacing said surface through said non-body structures using said forces until said body is encountered.