Abstract: A method for patterning nanowires on a substrate. The method includes procedures of preparing a substrate having a patterned sacrificial layer of barium fluoride thereon; growing nanowires on an entire surface of the resultant substrate including the patterned sacrificial layer; and removing the patterned sacrificial layer using a solvent to remove part of the nanowires on the patterned sacrificial layer such that part of the nanowires in direct contact with the substrate remains on the substrate to thereby form a nanowire pattern.

Abstract: An etchant includes hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and a mixed solution including at least one of an organic acid, an inorganic acid, and a neutral salt.

Abstract: Disclosed are a multilayer wiring board, which has a high degree of freedom of wiring design and can realize high-density wiring, and a method which can simply manufacture the multilayer wiring board. The multilayer wiring board comprises a core substrate and two or more wiring layers provided on the core substrate through an electrical insulating layer. The core substrate has a plurality of throughholes filled with an electroconductive material, and the front side and back side of the core substrate have been electrically conducted to each other by the electroconductive material. The throughholes have an opening diameter in the range of 10 to 100 ?m. An insulation layer and an electroconductive material diffusion barrier layer are also provided, and the electroconductive material is filled into the throughholes through the insulation layer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an ink-jet head is disclosed. The method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes: forming a dividing groove such that one surface of a piezoelectric element is divided corresponding to the position of the chamber; filling the dividing groove with a filler; bonding one surface of the piezoelectric element to one surface of the ink-jet head in which the chamber is formed; and polishing the other surface of the piezoelectric element such that the filler is exposed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention generally relate to compositions of mesa etch solutions and methods for mesa etching materials on a wafer during an epitaxial lift off (ELO) process. The wafer usually contains an etch stop layer disposed thereon and a laminated epitaxial material disposed on the etch stop layer. In one embodiment, an etch process includes exposing the wafer to a non-selective etch solution and subsequently exposing the wafer to a selective etch solution while peeling the laminated epitaxial material from the wafer. The selective etch solution may contain succinic acid, an ammonium hydroxide compound, and an oxidizing agent, such as hydrogen peroxide. The selective etch solution may have a GaAs/AlAs selectivity of about 600, about 1,000, about 1,400, or greater. The non-selective etch solution may be an aqueous solution containing sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: A stent of variable surface area as determined by stent struts. The stent can have a variable surface area per unit length which accommodates a therapeutic agent. A patterned distribution of therapeutic agent can be provided throughout the stent. The stent can have an increased level of therapeutic agent near an end of the stent. A decreased level of therapeutic agent can be provided near an end of one embodiment of a stent. Indentations can be provided at the surface of the stent with therapeutic agent disposed therein. The stent can be cut with struts of variable thickness to provide the variable stent surface area.

Abstract: When a substrate is etched by using a processing gas including a first gas containing halogen and carbon and having a carbon number of two or less per molecule, while supplying the processing gas toward the substrate independently from a central and a peripheral portion of a gas supply unit, which face the central and the periphery part of the substrate respectively, the processing gas is supplied such that a gas flow rate is greater in the central portion than in the peripheral portion. When the substrate is etched by using a processing gas including a second gas containing halogen and carbon and having a carbon number of three or more per molecule, the processing gas is supplied such that a gas flow rate is greater in the peripheral portion than in the central portion.

Abstract: When a substrate is etched by using a processing gas including a first gas containing halogen and carbon and having a carbon number of two or less per molecule, while supplying the processing gas toward the substrate independently from a central and a peripheral portion of a gas supply unit, which face the central and the periphery part of the substrate respectively, the processing gas is supplied such that a gas flow rate is greater in the central portion than in the peripheral portion. When the substrate is etched by using a processing gas including a second gas containing halogen and carbon and having a carbon number of three or more per molecule, the processing gas is supplied such that a gas flow rate is greater in the peripheral portion than in the central portion.

Abstract: A substrate support useful in a reaction chamber of a plasma processing apparatus is provided. The substrate support comprises a base member and a heat transfer member overlying the base member. The heat transfer member has multiple zones to individually heat and cool each zone of the heat transfer member. An electrostatic chuck overlies the heat transfer member. The electrostatic chuck has a support surface for supporting a substrate in a reaction chamber of the plasma processing apparatus. A source of cold liquid and a source of hot liquid are in fluid communication with flow passages in each zone. A valve arrangement is operable to independently control temperature of the liquid by adjusting a mixing ratio of the hot liquid to the cold liquid circulating in the flow passages. In another embodiment, heating elements along a supply line and transfer lines heat a liquid from a liquid source before circulating in the flow passages.

Abstract: When plasma processing is finished, a gate valve 13a is closed and cleaning gas is ejected from holes 121a of a shower plate 121, and at the same time, a microwave is generated from a microwave generator 101. Further, at this time, the inside of a process chamber 110 is exhausted through a second exhaust port 106. Since the exhaust is conducted through a second exhaust port 106 positioned lower than a wafer stage 104 in a lowered state when the inside of the process chamber 110 is cleaned, it is possible to more effectively remove gas and reaction products deposited especially in a lower portion of the process chamber 110.

Abstract: A device for locally producing microwave plasma. The device comprises at least one microwave feed that is surrounded by at least one dielectric tube. At least one of the dielectric tubes, such as an outer dielectric tube, is partially surrounded by a metal jacket. A locally delimited plasma is produced by the device by shielding microwaves.

Abstract: A plasma system for substrate processing comprising, a conducting electrode (b, bb) on which one or more substrates (d) can be held; a second conducting electrode (a) placed adjacent but separated from the substrate holding electrode on the side away from the side where the substrates are held; and a gas mixture distribution shower head (e) placed away from the conducting electrode on the side where the substrates are held for supplying the gas mixture (f) needed for processing the substrates in a uniform manner; such that a plasma configuration initiated and established, between the conducting electrode holding the substrates and the second conducting electrode envelops the electrode holding the substrate, is kept away from the shower head activating and distributing the gas mixture through orifices (ee) in the shower head, there by providing advantages of uniformity, yield and reliability of process.

Abstract: A welding device includes at least one beam-reflecting side element arranged so as to reflect at least a part of a high energy density beam towards a region in which a weld joint is to be generated in a piece of material, wherein the beam-reflecting side element protrudes from a surface of said piece of material.

Abstract: The repair of cracks according to the state of the art comprises the fact that defects located on the inside must be worked outward in order to be able to be welded closed. The method according to the invention proposes not to work out cracks located on the inside, but to melt the crack located on the inside utilizing a flux agent.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a spark plug is a method for manufacturing the spark plug having an electrode base member and a noble metal tip welded thereto by means of a laser or an electrode base member, a tip base member joined thereto, and a noble metal tip welded to the tip bases material by means of a laser, and the method includes a laser welding process of welding the electrode base member or the tip base member to the noble metal tip by means of a laser and through use of a laser beam whose BBP value assumes 25 mm·mrad (a radius·a half angle) or less at a time point when a laser beam enters a transfer optical system for guiding the laser beam to areas to be welded where laser welding is to be performed.

Abstract: Apparatus for cutting and/or shearing elongate lengths of fibre into shorter lengths has two adjacent rollers (7) and (8), and means for supplying an elongate length of fibres to the rollers. The rollers (7) and (8) are disposed in a housing (1) and define a nip therebetween. One roller (7) is a pressure roller and the other a blade housing roller. Blades are advanced through slots in the housing of the blade housing roller (8) to cut fibre into shorter lengths and projected towards a delivery slot. Air jets through apertures (20 and 21) in the wall of housing (1) guide shorter fibres out of the housing.

Abstract: The system comprises a buckling arm robot with a robot frame (1) and an articulated arm (2) and a fiber optic cable (5) which is connected to one end of the articulated arm (2) and through which a laser beam (11) with a beam axis (10) is coupled into the articulated arm (2) in the direction of a first axis of the articulated arm (2). The fiber optic cable (5) is indirectly connected to the stationary end of the articulated arm (2) via an alignment unit (6) which comprises a collimating lens system (13) and at least two alignment mirrors (12.1, 12.2), each of which mirrors can swivel about at least one axis of rotation and move along at least one axis of translation, with the axes of rotation and the axes of translation being disposed at right angles to each other so that the beam axis (10) of the laser beam (11) can be made to coincide with the optical axis (4).

Abstract: A method of determining a contact point of a laser beam on an edge of a body and a system for performing the same, in which the method includes a) moving the laser beam relative to the edge in a spatial direction until the laser beam touches the edge, in which the spatial direction is at a right angle relative to an axis of the laser beam and in which the edge is formed at an opening, b) measuring acoustic oscillations produced photoacoustically during the movement of the laser beam, and c) determining the laser beam point of contact with the edge based on the measured acoustic oscillations.

Abstract: The invention relates to an installation that is used to perform operations for forming glass or crystal pieces (21), comprising: at least one drive wheel and at least one idler wheel (3); a support element which is driven by the drive wheel; main mandrels (7) which are supported by the support element and which, in turn, each support a first end of a glass or crystal piece (21); and work stations. According to the invention, at least one wheel takes the form of a carousel (2) which comprises secondary mandrels (8), numbering fewer than the main mandrels (7), and which co-operates with the moving support element. Each secondary mandrel (8) opposes a main mandrel (7) along a common axis (23) and supports the second end of the glass or crystal piece.

Abstract: A laser beam 21 outputted by a laser oscillator 3 is collected by a machining head 4, so that the surface of a roller 2 is irradiated with the laser beam. An encoder 5c outputs a signal in accordance with a rotational position of the roller 2. A control portion 24 controls the laser oscillator 3 to irradiate the roller 2 at the same spots on the surface with the laser beam 21 per rotation of the roller 2, the irradiation being repeated a plurality of times, thereby forming recesses in the surface of the roller.

Abstract: This invention relates to an optical film cutting method which includes cutting an optical film by irradiating the optical film with a laser beam under conditions that an energy per unit length is 0.12 to 0.167 J/mm and that a continuous irradiation time is 0.1 msec or less; as well as to an optical film that is cut by the cutting method and has a size of a raised part generated on a cutting surface thereof of 30 ?m or less. According to the optical film cutting method of this invention, it is possible to maintain the raised part size on the optical film cutting surface as small as possible even in the case where the laser beam has characteristics of a gaussian beam, thereby enabling prevention of bonding defect and optical defect when the optical film is incorporated into various optical panels.

Abstract: A laser processing apparatus according to the present invention includes a laser oscillator that emits a continuous-wave or pulsed-wave laser beam for heat processing or a pulsed-wave laser beam for surface treatment, an incident optical system that causes the laser beam emitted from the laser oscillator to enter an optical fiber, a condenser lens that condenses the laser beam emitted from the optical fiber, and a processing unit that moves close to a processing object by carrying the condenser lens and irradiates a surface of the processing object with a laser beam, in which the laser oscillator emits the laser beam for the heat processing when performing the heat processing and emits the laser beam for the surface treatment when performing a pre-treatment or a post-treatment for the heat processing.

Abstract: A self-shielding welding electrode and a method of making the same are provided. The self-shielding welding electrode contains lithium aluminate in either the flux or the electrode portion of the electrode.

Abstract: A flexible guide device for a welding wire, formed by a plurality of individual elements which are connected to each other in an articulated manner, characterized in that the individual elements are adapted to swivel in relation to each other in any direction.

Abstract: An aspect of the invention provides a gemstone heating system for expanding capillary vessel. The system comprises a gemstone heating pad, a magnet, a heat conductor, a heating element, and an insulating cover. The gemstone heating pad comprises a front surface, a rear surface, a recess portion provided on a central portion of the rear surface, a enclosing wall portion configured for enclosing the recess portion. The magnet is embedded in the recess portion of the gemstone heating pad. The heat conductor encloses the recess portion of the gemstone heating system. The heating element is disposed in the heating conductor. The insulating cover is configured for insulating the heat conductor and the heating element.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an oven with a spray device, comprising: a main body, a heating chamber used for heating food disposed inside the main body, a spray device used for spraying the vapor into the heating chamber is set on the main body. The spray device comprising: a water tank, a piston, a electromagnetic valve, a spray. unit By controlling of the electromagnetic valve, the spray device can automatically humidify the food.

Abstract: An improved heating system air pressure sensing port. An example aircraft pitot tube heater uses Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) switching thermistors arranged to automatically sense the outside air temperature and heat to a design set point temperature. When a high outside air temperature is experienced, the pitot tube will not turn on. The pitot tube heater only turns on below the design set point and will consumes less current than the standard aircraft pitot tube heaters when operating at very cold temperatures. Virtually no current is drawn when the pitot tube increases past the set point, thus reducing the power drain on the aircraft system. The use of multiple thermistors gives the example pitot tube a level of failure redundancy that is not available in current pitot tube heaters.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a disassemblable structure including: a double-coated pressure-sensitive adhesive tape or a double-coated pressure sensitive adhesive sheet including a substrate and pressure-sensitive adhesive layers formed on both surfaces of the substrate, at least one of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layers being a thermal foaming agent-containing pressure-sensitive adhesive layer; a heating element which foams the thermal foaming agent-containing pressure-sensitive adhesive layer by heating; and a pair of adherends joined to each other through the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape or sheet and the heating element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electric heating material. Said electric heating material comprises a substrate and an electric heating layer substantially homogeneously attached to said substrate. Said electric heating layer is obtained from an electric heating coating that contains an electric heating base material and a binder. Said electric heating base material is selected from the group consisting of natural graphite, artificial graphite or conductive carbon black; said binder is selected from the group consisting of acrylic resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane, melamine, gelatin, carboxymethyl cellulose, or polyvinyl alcohol. In some embodiments, the substrate is paper. Said electric heating material can be applied to make an electric heating laminate floor the temperature of the surface of which can be heated to 15-70° C. within 5 minutes when a 220 V power source is supplied, and this temperature can be kept consistent for a long period of time.

Abstract: The present invention is a portable heat sealing apparatus with a safety circuit design. The portable heat sealing apparatus comprises a body, a heating module, an upper case and a power module. The heating module and the upper case ensure a smooth, continuous bond between facing surfaces of a plastic bag.

Abstract: A system according to the present invention includes a cabinet, a basin positioned within the cabinet to contain and thermally treat a liquid bath, and a support assembly that stabilizes a surgical scope. The support assembly may include a first support that elevates scope optics above the liquid bath within the basin, and a second support that positions the shaft of the scope within the liquid bath, but above the floor and away from the walls of the basin. The scope optics resides outside of the bath in a dry state, while the remaining scope portions are positioned within the bath so the portions can be thermally treated. The support assembly enables a user to warm selected portions of the scope, while protecting the scope, the basin, and/or a drape lining the basin from damage caused when the scope contacts the basin.

Abstract: A grill comprises a first and a second electrothermal tube respectively connected to an external power supply by a temperature control unit; wherein at least one regional interval between said first and second electrothermal tube is smaller than the other, and the area forms a regional high temperature area. Compared with known grills in related art, the present invention provides a regional high temperature area of the grill pan by two electrothermal tubes, and the two electrothermal tubes are respectively controlled, which is operated expediently. When the first and second electrothermal tubes work at the same time, the temperature of the regional high temperature area will rise rapidly, which makes food can be heated rapidly and can cut down heat time. When the high temperature function is off, the power consumption of the grill can be cut down, which will save electric energy and can meet different cooking needs of different foods.

Abstract: A dry fire protection system for a water heater is provided. The water heater includes a body having an elongated hollow for holding water to be heated, an inlet opening and an outlet opening in communication with the hollow for flowing water therethrough. A heating element is coupled to the body for heating the water within the hollow. The dry fire protection system comprises a sensing element disposed in the hollow of the body for detecting the presence of water in the hollow. The sensing element is spaced from and operably connected to the heating element. The sensing element is configured to generate a voltage in response to a temperature of the sensing element. A controller is operably connected to the sensing element for monitoring the generated voltage across the sensing element. The controller is configured to prevent a supply of electrical power to the heating element as a function of the generated voltage.

Abstract: In a heat generation unit of the present invention, a holder having an elastic force tube used for holding a film-sheet-shaped heat generation element that generates heat upon application of a voltage thereto is disposed in a container together with the heat generation element. The heat generation element is held in a predetermined position in the container by the elastic force of the holder, with electric power being supplied from power supply members thereto through the holder, so that the heat generation element can be reliably held in the container, with a partial heat generation in the holder of the heat generation element being suppressed.

Abstract: A heating apparatus includes a portable battery, a controller connected to the portable battery, and a heating module connected to the controller. The controller is provided with a software program that previously detects the voltage variation of the portable battery to change the on/off percentage of the duty cycle of the portable battery and to regulate the output current of the portable battery according to the preset temperature and the detected voltage variation of the portable battery, so that the input current of the heating module is kept at a constant value, and the temperature of the heating module of the heating apparatus is kept at a constant value of the preset temperature at any time.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the present invention provide a deicer system for heating water within a fluid receptacle to prevent ice from forming, the system including a main body configured to be positioned within the fluid receptacle, a heating element adapted to heat the water, a temperature sensor adapted to detect a temperature of the water, a switch adapted to activate and deactivate the heating element, and a control unit in communication with the heating element, the temperature sensor, and the switch. The heating element is supported by the main body. The control unit is adapted to control the heating element using the switch based at least in part on a temperature detected by the temperature sensor.

Abstract: Heated architectural panel temperature control systems and methods are provided for heating windows that are formed from heated architectural panels. The control system comprises the heated architectural panel that produces heat when connected to external AC power, a panel frame disposed around the panel periphery, and a temperature control circuit that is electrically connected to the window. The temperature control circuit, which may be disposed in the panel frame, controls the temperature of the panel by utilizing a Hall effect sensor and the panel temperature coefficient of resistance a. The panel may comprise insulated glass panels, laminated structures, or combinations thereof, where the window is disposed in an opening of a building.

Abstract: A control for an electric water heater detects a condition of a heating element when the heating element is not being energized. A switching module is operable to interrupt power to the heating element, which de-energizes the heating element. A detector module detects the condition of the heating element when the heating element is de-energized. The detector module senses current flowing through the heating element and generates a detection signal that is indicative of the current.

Abstract: The invention provides a flexible hot plate and cooking unit, with a temperature differential of at least 40° C. between the two sides of the unit comprising a heating element sandwiched between an upper and a lower layer of flexible material wherein said upper layer provides a temperature along its upper surface of at least 80° C. for heating an object placed thereon, and said lower layer is provided with a plurality of insulating air passages.

Abstract: An induction cookware comprising: a cooking body containing an inner pot inside, an insulation material disposed between the cooking body and the inner pot for maintaining the temperature of the inner pot. An induction coil is disposed in the bottom of the cooking body and with an extra magnetic field, the induction coil can generate AC current. The current flows through an electric heating tube connected to the bottom of the inner pot so as to heat the heating tube. Thereby, the heating tube directly transfer the heat to the inner pot for reducing the heat from transpiration. The structure of a cooking body with an inner pot inside can heat and slow cook the food inside the inner pot simultaneously, thus can add the delicious taste of the food and save the energy.

Abstract: An induction electrical appliance comprising: a first shell, a first pan, a first heating element used fro heating the first pan and a first induction coil. The first shell detachably connected to the first pan, the food can be placed on the first grilling surface of the first pan, the first heating surface of the first pan fixedly connected to a first heating element, which is electrically connected to the induction coil. Thereby, the induction coil generates inducted current by extra magnetic field and inputs the current to the first heating element. Thus the first heating element can generate higher heat energy, and further enlarger the cooking temperature range of the first pan. Moreover, the cooking temperature can be adjusted according to the different food to let the food be more delicious.

Abstract: A microwave oscillator is effectively cooled and its output characteristic is stabilized, while the waterproof property of the microwave oscillator is secured. Additionally, the heat of the air heated as a result of cooling the microwave oscillator is discharged effectively to maintain the cooling effect. Furthermore, the cooling structure of the microwave oscillator is simplified and downsized and the cost of the arrangement is reduced. A structure includes an air blower member for blowing air to a microwave oscillator and a heat radiating/air circulating member airtightly connected to the terminating end of a microwave waveguide and a shield box so as to be able to cool the air introduced into the microwave waveguide after cooling the microwave oscillator as the air blower member is driven to by turn drive the air to flow from the terminating end toward the shield box. The air in the shield box and the microwave waveguide is enabled to circulate.

Abstract: A recycling/waste assembly comprises a plurality of base units, each comprising a base connection mechanism for connecting the base units to one another. The base units have a first wall connector for connecting each of the base units to at least one of a plurality of wall units. The assembly also comprises a plurality of top units, each comprising a top connection mechanism for connecting the top units to one another. The top units have a second wall connector for connecting the top units to the wall units. The top units comprise an opening and a lid for covering the opening. The wall units are engageable with the first wall connector and the second wall connector. The wall units also comprise wall connections for connecting the wall units to one another.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing a fluid channel on a surface that is subject to extreme temperatures is described. The embodiments described herein provide a fluid channel wherein the surface that is subject to the extreme temperatures forms one side of the fluid channel.

Abstract: A bag-in-box assembly for receipt of a flowable product has a fitment that defines a dispensing outlet and an interfit portion having a hex-shaped periphery. Also included is a plastic bag which is constructed and arranged to receive the flowable product. The bag includes an opening that is defined by a surrounding lip portion. The surrounding lip portion is conduction welded to a flange surface of the fitment. The box includes a plurality of panels and a plurality of fold-over flaps. One fold-over flap includes an opening and the opening is defined in part by a shaped edge having four of the hex flats. This shaped edge is constructed and arranged to receive the interfit portion of the fitment and secure the fitment in a fashion such that rotation of the fitment relative to the box is restricted.

Abstract: One embodiment of a multipurpose receptacle for receiving and holding a plurality of objects may include a container having a base and one or more walls extending from the base to define a chamber. Further, the multipurpose receptacle may also include a cover having a frame and one or more apertures. The cover may also have two or more lids pivotally carried by the frame to selectively block the apertures. The lids may also be slidably carried by the frame to be received within the chamber of the container. Furthermore, the multipurpose receptacle may also include a first storage compartment received within the chamber and carried by at least one of the frame and the rim. In addition, the multipurpose receptacle may include a second storage compartment carried by the container adjacent to the base and spaced apart from the chamber.

Abstract: A bottle including a body portion having a dividing wall extending from a base portion to a connection region; a first chamber for holding a first liquid; a second chamber for holding a second liquid; and a removable oblique cap; wherein a height of the dividing wall is less than an overall height of the body portion and the connection region is configured to be a maximum height of the dividing wall.

Abstract: A vertical non-bladdered fuel tank for a ducted fan vehicle comprising: a pod that releasably connects to a core vehicle of a ducted fan vehicle, a vertical fuel tank contained by the pod, wherein the vertical fuel tank is centered between the fore and aft sides of the pod, an outlet in a floor of the vertical fuel tank located adjacent to a sidewall on the fore side of the vertical fuel tank, wherein the outlet is coupled to a draw tube contained by the core vehicle, and a pressure release vent located at the highlight of the pod's duct.

Abstract: This manufacturing method of a fuel tank is for manufacturing a metallic fuel tank having a concavo-convex portion in a course of seam welding using a seam welder, wherein the seam welding is performed using the seam welder provided with a non-interfering space where interference with the fuel tank is avoided, while changing the position of the fuel tank relative to the seam welder.

Abstract: PIR rigid foams are produced from a polyisocyanate component and a polyol component that includes at least one polyester polyol and at least one polyether polyol. The polyisocyanate and polyol components are reacted in amounts such that the volume ratio of polyisocyanate component to polyol component is from 100:100 to 100:110 and the index is from 100 to 400. These foams are characterized by good adhesion to a substrate and impermeability to water vapor. The foams are generally produced by a casting process and are particularly useful as an insulating material for containers and tanks.