Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for monitoring the health of mechanical and structure components of a machine. For example, the present invention is capable of monitoring the operational integrity of critical components of critical components of an aircraft such as the gearbox of a helicopter. The present invention is based on the principle of detecting a traceable substance when the substance is released from the component being monitored in the event of predetermined condition being satisfied, such as exceeding the operational temperature of the component, or a fault in the component occurring, such as a crack being formed.

Abstract: A water flow rate sensing device for water ducts, comprising a thermal sensor (20) capable of measuring the flow by measuring the removal of heat by a heater from the water; an elongated support (9)/in particular, tubular, having the sensor (20) mounted at a free end thereof so that the support is inserted laterally with respect to the duct through a hole and cantilevered in order to keep the sensor in a central zone of the duct. The free end of the support comprises a lamina-shaped extension member. Furthermore, the device comprises means (5,7) for transmitting a measuring signal to a remote control unit. The invention comprises also a method for measuring the water flow.

Abstract: A heater chip (4) as a heat generation element is secured to the surface on the periphery of piping (2). Further, a temperature sensor chip couple (6) is placed on the surface on the periphery of the piping (2), along the direction of flow of fluid flowing in the piping (2). One (6a) of the sensor chips in the couple is placed on the upstream side of the heater chip (4) and the other (6b) is placed on the downstream side of the heater chip (4). The heater chip (4) and the temperature sensor chips (6a, 6b) are formed in a chip type. The temperature sensor chips (6a, 6b) as the pair are placed at positions spaced by the same distance from the heater chip (4).

Abstract: A method for ascertaining and monitoring fill level of a medium in a container by means of a field device using a travel time, measuring method, wherein transmission signals are transmitted and reflection signals received. The received reflection signals are registered as echo signals in an echo function, wherein masking curve, evaluation curves and/or echo parameters of the echo signals in the echo function are ascertained or predetermined, as well as stored in a first measuring cycle. By means of a static echo search algorithm, through the masking curve, the evaluation curve, the echo parameters, position and/or amplitude of at least one wanted echo signal are/is ascertained, wherein, by means of a dynamic echo search algorithm, a continuous echo tracking of positional changes and/or amplitude changes of individual echo signals and/or the wanted echo signal in the echo function is performed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid sensor for locating in a liquid. The liquid sensor includes a level sensor including one or more sensing stations located between a head and a tail of the liquid sensor. The liquid sensor is suitable for sensing the liquid level. The liquid sensor further includes a depth sensor for sensing the depth of the tail in the liquid. The liquid sensor is particularly suited to pumping station applications.

Abstract: A sensor assembly includes a sound sensor, an image sensor, an acceleration sensor, and a gyroscope sensor. The sound sensor includes a substrate defining a first cavity, a diaphragm positioned on the substrate and covering the first cavity, a back plate covering the diaphragm and positioned on the substrate, and a capacitance. A first electrode layer is coated on the diaphragm and faces the first cavity. A second cavity is defined between the diaphragm and the back plate. A second electrode layer is coated on the back plate and faces the second cavity. The capacitance is electrically connected between the first and second electrode layers. The image sensor, the acceleration sensor, and the gyroscope sensor are positioned on the substrate.

Abstract: A centrifugal force sensing device is disclosed, which includes a first rotating shaft, two first movable and two first fixing sleeves, a first and a second weight, two first and two second linkages, a restoration element, a first sensing unit for sensing centrifugal force, and two fixers. The two first movable sleeves are disposed through the first rotating shaft. The two first linkages are connected to the first weight and the two first movable sleeves. The restoration element having a fixing block and two first damping elements is disposed at the first rotating shaft. The two second linkages are connected to the second weight and the two first movable sleeves. The two first fixing sleeves are fixed at the first rotating shaft and respectively located between each of the two first movable sleeves and one of the two fixers.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of realizing a dual mode acoustic wave sensor capable of being operated in both a gas environment and a liquid environment in a single chip by disposing a surface acoustic wave filter and a surface skimming bulk wave filter perpendicular to each other on the same wafer using the peculiar cut-orientation of an piezoelectric element, i.e. ST-cut quartz. An acoustic wave biosensor can realize optimum detection performance by detecting the characteristics of a detection environment and a detection target in real time during the operation of a dual mode sensor, and automatically switching between an SAW mode and an SSBW mode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process to monitor unwanted formation of a polymer having internal mechanical strain wherein acoustic emission generated by said polymer formation is detected by one or more acoustic sensors attached to a piece of equipment. In a preferred embodiment the device to carry-out the process comprises: a resonant piezo-electric transducer attached to a piece of equipment, optionally a conditioner unit, connected to the previous transducer, said conditioner unit comprising means for filtering and an operational preamplifier, optionally a unit, connected to said conditioner unit, in which there is at least one adjustable threshold level (unless the conditioner unit comprises said adjustable threshold level), optionally a pulse counter connected to the conditioner unit comprising at least one adjustable threshold level. The invention is particularly useful for monitoring the unwanted popcorn polymers made from butadiene or isoprene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ultrasonic stress measurement method of measuring a residual stress of a measuring target layer in a measuring object using an ultrasonic wave, the method comprising, setting a plurality of vibration modes according to a number of degree of freedom of the measuring target layer in the measuring object, performing, for each vibration mode, a measurement operation of emitting an ultrasonic wave corresponding to the set vibration mode to the measuring target layer, receiving the ultrasonic wave reflected by the measuring target layer, and measuring an eigenfrequency of the measuring target layer, and measuring the residual stress of the measuring target layer based on plural measurement data of the eigenfrequency with respect to each vibration mode obtained by the measurement operation. The residual stress of the measuring object thus can be measured at higher accuracy.

Abstract: The invention relates to the detection of liquid in a cavity of a structure, e.g. a sandwich-structure cell with honeycomb core and carbon fiber composite coating. The structure is subjected to a mechanical vibration, at a frequency fm in the audible range, by an excitation wave, the area being explored is subjected to an incident electromagnetic wave and the reflected electromagnetic wave is analyzed to deduce therefrom the presence or the absence of liquid in cavities. The Faraday wave induced on the surface of the liquid in the cavity comprises subharmonic frequencies of fm which modulate the reflected electromagnetic wave and make it possible to identify the presence of liquid. A detection apparatus comprises an excitation wave generation device for generating the vibration excitation wave, an electromagnetic wave generation device for generating the incident electromagnetic wave, a measuring device for detecting and measuring the reflected electromagnetic wave, and a signal processor.

Abstract: In a schlieren optical system, a laser beam is passed through the jet flow and the ambient around the jet flow, and a high speed sampling is performed using a high speed photo sensor while displacing measurement points. The value obtained by sampling represents a result of the optical path caused curved by a density gradient generated in an arc-shape from the center of the jet flow. The value is subjected to a high speed discrete Fourier transform and decomposed into frequency components which constitute the noise. Thereafter, Abel inversion is performed on data belonging to a particular frequency to obtain a density gradient in the radial direction from the center of the jet flow. The obtained density gradient is visualized in a graph display, so that the position of the sound source and the state of the jet flow can be accurately grasped.

Abstract: A method for embossing a separating membrane of a pressure transfer means including a membrane carrier having a membrane bed. With the method, an optimal forming of the separating membrane matched to the form of the membrane bed is achievable. The method includes steps of: welding a planar, separating membrane blank onto the membrane carrier; filling with a lubricant a pressure receiving chamber enclosed by the welded, separating membrane blank and the membrane carrier; producing the separating membrane from the separating membrane blank by embossing the separating membrane blank by pressing it against the membrane bed while lubricant is present in the pressure receiving chamber.

Abstract: A MEMS device includes: a substrate having a through hole; a first film provided on a top surface of the substrate with a bottom surface of the first film exposed in the through hole; a second film provided over the first film with an air gap interposed therebetween, and having a hole grouping including holes each in communication with the air gap; and a supporting layer interposed between the first and second films and having the air gap formed therein. Outermost holes of the hole grouping are located at regular intervals along a shape of an opening of the through hole at an upper open end.

Abstract: A service gauge for determining refrigerant pressure and the saturated vapor equivalent temperature, or other parameters, for a refrigerant in an HVAC system. In one embodiment, the service gauge employs a bourdon tube with at least one attached strain gauge to sense the refrigerant pressure and produce an electronic pressure signal. In another embodiment, a magnet and rotary position sensor produces an electronic signal proportional to the refrigerant pressure. The electronic pressure signal from the output of the strain gauge or the rotary position sensor is connected to a microprocessor, which calculates and displays the refrigerant pressure, the saturated vapor equivalent temperature for a variety of refrigerants, produces instantaneous and time lapsed representations of those parameters, and other parameters of the refrigerant.

Abstract: Trench separating mass body and support is defined in support substrate, and flexible beam cross is defined in semiconductor layer, in SOI. The semiconductor layer and intermediate insulator of the SOI are etched in crossed region of the flexible beam cross and in a looped region above the support body. Connector layer is buried in the etched recesses. The semiconductor layer is patterned into the flexible beam cross above the mass body. The trench is etched in the support substrate exposing the intermediate insulator, which is then etched to form a gap between the mass body and flexible beam cross. The connector layer in the crossed region couples the mass body and flexible beam cross, and the connector layer outside the flexible beam cross couples the flexible beam cross and support body. Stopper is formed by extending the connector layer, or leaving the semiconductor layer, above the mass body corners.

Abstract: Provided are capacitive strain sensors. In certain embodiments, the capacitive strain sensor can continuously and accurately measure strain in corrosive ambient conditions and may operate up to 370° C. or more in air. The sensor includes a differential capacitor that includes a bending beam structure. In some instances, the sensor is configured to increase the effect of strain in a substrate along a sensing axis while attenuating the effect of cross-axis strain. Also provided are methods of making the capacitive strain sensors, e.g., using Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) fabrication techniques, and methods of using the capacitive strain sensors.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and a method monitoring the health of structural joints by monitoring the strain developed near the joint due to perturbation applied away from that joint and comparing the monitored strain to strain which develops in a healthy joint due to comparable perturbation. The system for monitoring joints comprises: at least one near field strain measuring device installed near a monitored joint for monitoring the induced strain; at least one far field strain indicating device installed away from monitored joint indicating, measuring or producing the perturbation; and a data processor connected to said near field strain measuring device and to said near field strain measuring device for analyzing the response of the structure to the perturbation and determining the integrity of said joint. The method may also be used for detection and monitoring of off-joint crack initiation and edge delamination in composites.

Abstract: A method for the in-situ preparation of an ionic comonomer, such as zinc dimethacrylate, dissolved in styrene monomer, for use in production of polystyrene is disclosed. The method generally includes adding comonomer chemical precursors to a solution of styrene and nonionic surfactant. The resulting ionic comonomer may be further dissolved in styrene and polymerized to form a product that may have improved properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sealed electrode assembly for fluid measurements in a pressurized pipe having a wall, for providing contact between an electrode in contact with the fluid and the outside. The assembly comprises a conductive bolt extending from said electrode and through the wall, a lining in said pipe having an opening for said bolt and insulating the electrode from the wall, a sealing ring fitted around the bolt, a mantel surrounding said bolt having an recess partially accepting said sealing ring and provided a pressure on said sealing ring when pressed into said recess, and a tightening means on the outside of said wall for applying a pressure forcing the electrode toward the wall and thus a pressure between the lining, sealing ring and mantel.

Abstract: A testing system for testing a temperature characteristic of a first motor includes a second motor, a controller, a driver, a load, a temperature sensor, and a temperature recorder. The controller provides a drive command for the driver to drive the second motor. The second motor drives the first motor via a coupling. A current of the first motor is determined by adjusting the resistance of the load. The temperature sensor senses the temperatures of the first motor every a determined time and sends the temperatures to the temperature recorder. The temperature recorder records and transmits the temperatures to the controller for the temperature characteristic test of the first motor.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus (10) comprises a transducer (11) for measuring preload and torque of a screw. The transducer in turn comprises a first and second sensor element formed by two axially spaced annular zones (16, 17) of a hollow body (15) which are provided with respective load-cell sensors (18, 19). The two zones are separated by an annular zone (20) of the hollow body with a wall with a greater thickness and in which internally there is provided a non-rotating coupling seat (21) with the threaded-hole element (22) in a part of which the screw is tightened.

Abstract: A torque-sensing flange, or generally a torque measurement recorder, is proposed, which has differently embodied measurement recesses or differently embodied measuring diaphragms on an essentially cylindrical measuring range. Different measuring ranges can be easily achieved in this manner.

Abstract: The sensor holder has an annular portion that holds the sensors. A holding ring that is securely fitted in an inner peripheral surface of a cylinder portion constituting a cover made of metal in terms of a large tight fit is embedded in an intermediate portion of this annular portion in the axial direction. A portion of a folded portion of the holding ring in the axial direction is set in a just center position between axial positions of sensing portions of both sensors. According to this configuration, the above problem is solved by preventing such a situation that the thermal expansion or the thermal contraction yields a phase difference between the output signals of both sensors.

Abstract: The invention refers to a sensor arrangement comprising at least one capacitance sensor for detecting a pressure and a shear force, wherein the capacitance sensor is integrated into a wearable textile, a method for measuring a shear force and a pressure by such a sensor arrangement, wherein the shear force and pressure is exerted on a skin of a person lying in a bed or sitting in a chair and to combinations and uses of the method. This described textile sensors allow for a simultaneous measurement of shear stress and pressure in anti decubitus textiles. This enhances risk assessment with regard to the development of bedsore ulcer.

Abstract: A sample station and method of using the station, which contains a removable receptacle for collecting fluid samples from tanks, pipelines or other receptacles. The removable receptacle has a valve at the bottom for easy emptying and cleaning. The sample station is vented so the sample receptacle can not be pressurized, and is meant to be piped to the container which holds the fluid to be sampled, so the sample can be collected without risk of splashing, and without risk of spilling.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sensor probe (100,110,120,130,140,150) for detecting an environmental state within a bodily lumen. The sensor probe (100,110,120,130,140,150) having an elongated body (9) comprises an optical guide (1) having an outcoupling surface (11), which is part of an end surface (3) of the elongated body (9), facing a reflective surface of an overhanging part (22,42,52,62), a photodetector which detects a property of light which is composed of light (32) in the optical guide (1) that is reflected from the outcoupling surface (11) of the optical guide (1) and of light (33) in the optical guide (1) that is reflected from the overhanging part (22,42,52,62), and a hydrogel material (2) of which a property changes when getting into contact with an environmental material and/or when detecting an environmental change, and which is provided between the end surface (3) of the elongated body (9) and the overhanging part (22,42,52,62).

Abstract: The illustrative embodiments provide a method and apparatus for stabilizing an electronic rack structure. In one embodiment the apparatus comprises an enclosure with a user interface panel. The apparatus also comprises a gyroscope, sensor system and controller attached within an enclosure. A sensor system associated with the gyroscope is capable of detecting a tilt of an electronic rack structure. A controller is also located within the enclosure and is capable of detecting the tilt of the electronic rack structure and controlling an orientation of the gyroscope to counter the tilt of the electronic rack structure in response to detecting the tilt. In another illustrative embodiment, a method for stabilizing an electronic rack structure is provided.

Abstract: A rotating type power gain device includes at least two power gain devices driven by a driving device to rotate on a base. Each of the power gain devices can be controlled in an alternating cycling mode such that, when it reaches a first angular position, it is unlocked from the driving device, and is locked to a rotating device so as to rotate downwardly by gravity, when it rotates downwardly to an exchanging position, the other of the power gain devices is rotated by the driving device to the first angular position, and when it rotates to a second angular position disposed below the first angular position, it is unlocked from the rotating device, and is locked to the driving device. Downward rotation of the power gain devices results in conversion of the gravitational potential energy of the power gain devices into rotational kinetic energy.

Abstract: A ballscrew assembly for an actuator is provided. In an embodiment, the ballscrew assembly includes a ball nut assembly including a view port; a ballscrew provided within at least a portion of the ball nut assembly; an inner rod provided within the ballscrew in the direction of the longitudinal axis, the inner rod including an enlarged end portion; and a compression mechanism, such that at least a portion of the compression mechanism is provided between the enlarged end portion and the ballscrew. In another embodiment the assembly is configured such that when the inner rod is in a failed state, the compression mechanism provides a force that moves the visual indicator toward the view port. In another embodiment, the assembly includes a proximity sensor in addition to, or in lieu, of a view port to detect a failure.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an electric actuator having a structure capable of reducing an external force or impact acting on an screw shaft when a piston rod is at a stretched position. An electric actuator 1 includes a nut 5, a piston rod 4, recesses 6, keys 7, holes 8, an a tapered portion 9. Into the nut 5, a screw shaft 3 is screwed. The piston rod 4 moves linearly via the nut 5. The recesses 6 are formed on an outer circumferential surface of the nut 5. The keys 7 are each provided to a recess 6. The tapered portion 9 is formed on an inner wall of the cylinder body 2. The piston rod 4 advances to move the keys 7 outward to cause the keys 7 to fit to the tapered portion 9 to block retraction of the piston rod 4.

Abstract: A driving device with a first and second fastening device which can be connected to a stationary base part, particularly a vehicle body, or can be connected to a movable structural component part, particularly a hatch or door of a vehicle, a spindle drive which has a threaded spindle and a spindle nut arranged on the threaded spindle and by which the first fastening device and the second fastening device are movable axially relative to one another, and a rotary drive which drives the spindle drive in rotation by an overload protection device, and the rotationally rigid connection thereof can be canceled when a determined torque is exceeded. The overload protection device is a ring element arranged on a driveshaft of the rotary drive.

Abstract: In a gear wheel speed change transmission with at least two power shift clutches, with gear wheels arranged in different gear wheel planes and with an input shaft and an output shaft, which can be actively interconnected by way of the gear wheels arranged in the gear wheel planes, which include at least six forward gears that can be shifted under power, all of the six forward gears, which are sequentially power-shiftable, and two reverse gears are formed by exactly six gear wheel planes and exactly three shift units with shift collars, which all have engagement positions at both sides of their neutral center position.

Abstract: The invention relates to a set of devices for changing the gear ratio in a gearbox without false neutral positions. A casing includes: on a first axis, the shaft of the crankset including a primary sprocket, a tertiary shaft including fixed tertiary sprockets and tertiary sprockets on a free wheel; on a second axis, a secondary shaft includes a primary sprocket and secondary sprockets with inner flutes capable of free rotation on a smooth cylindrical bearing of the secondary shaft. The claims also relate to the following devices: each secondary sprocket has associated thereto one or more ratchets urged by a spring into a flute of the smooth bearing. A shuttle controlled by the user and moving inside the shaft applies a pressure, via spring loaded tabs, on the ratchets of the associated sprocket, which permits the engagement of two neighbouring sprockets during a gear change without any blocking or false neutral position.

Abstract: Provided is an improved drive dog for an imaging cartridge. A tapered locating structure locates in a hole of the imaging machine drive mechanism, directing a tooth of the imaging machine drive mechanism into a drive dog seat. Once the tooth of the imaging machine drive mechanism is located in the drive dog seat, the rotational force of the imaging machine drive mechanism is transmitted to the drive dog, causing rotation of the drive dog.

Abstract: To sufficiently secure the width dimension, strength and rigidity of the rack teeth 10, and to realize the light weight construction and the manufacturing method of the rack 8, the rack teeth 10 is formed by plastic working on one side surface in the radial direction of part in the axial direction of a rod unit 9 having a circular cross-sectional shape, and the curvature radius of the portion which is separated in the radial direction from the portion where the rack teeth 10 is formed, is made greater than that of the cross sectional shape of the outer surface of the axial remaining portion of the rod unit 9.

Abstract: An operation device comprises a lock mechanism having a drum case having a cylindrical drum wall, a lock spring containing a coil portion which is fitted into the drum wall and is locked by a friction force against the inner peripheral face of the drum wall, and a shaft guide mounted rotatably in the drum case and operated to exert or cancel a friction force of the lock spring. A transmitting mechanism for transmitting a reaction force and an operation force from an actuating mechanism is provided between the lock mechanism and the actuating mechanism provided at a desired position. A rattling preventing spring for preventing a rattling in the rotation direction of the shaft guide provided between the drum case and the shaft guide.

Abstract: A vertical articulated robot includes a base; a turning base provided on the base so as to be pivotable about a first rotation axis; a first upper arm provided on the turning base so as to be turnable about a second rotation axis that is in a plane perpendicular to the first rotation axis; a second upper arm provided on a distal end portion of the first upper arm so as to be pivotable about a third rotation axis that is perpendicular to the second rotation axis; a front arm provided on a distal end portion of the second upper arm so as to be turnable about a fourth rotation axis that is in a plane perpendicular to the third rotation axis; and a wrist assembly mounted on a distal end portion of the front arm. A motor that rotates the second upper arm is mounted on a frame of the second upper arm.

Abstract: Disclosed are a robot joint driving apparatus and a robot having the same, capable of minimizing tension of a wire applied to a movable member by installing an idle pulley in a power transmission structure using a ball screw apparatus and the wire. The robot joint driving apparatus includes a reversible drive motor, a pair of movable members performing a linear movement according to rotation of the reversible drive motor, a wire connected to the movable members from both directions of the movable members, an idle pulley rotatably installed at one side of the wire, a joint part rotatably installed at an opposite side of the wire, and an adjustment unit to adjust tension of the wire.

Abstract: An actuating mechanism for a pivotably mounted actuating arm, in particular for driving a flap of an item of furniture, wherein the actuating arm is acted upon by a spring device, and wherein an electric drive acts on the actuating arm via a transmission mechanism, and wherein the transmission ratio of angle of rotation (?) of the motor to angle of rotation of the actuating arm is varied over the angle of rotation range of the actuating arm by the transmission mechanism.

Abstract: A throttle grip apparatus is provided with: a throttle grip (1) rotatably mounted on a leading end of a handle bar (H) of a vehicle; a magnet (6) rotatable together with the throttle grip (1); a detector (13) for detecting variations in a magnetic field of the magnet (6) in a non-contact manner to detect a rotation angle of the throttle grip (1); and a frictional plate (9, 10) for generating a rotation load of the throttle grip (1). An engine of the vehicle is controlled based on a detected value of the detector (13). The frictional plate (9, 10) is disposed within the handle bar (H).

Abstract: A piston actuated synchronizer system for a split torque transmission where the piston is attached directly to the synchronizer shift collar on the synchronizer centerline to provide the required actuation in a small volume of space and resolve fork and rod deflection issues seen on other synchronizers that use such a system. The piston is pressure applied and spring released. This design also uses a displacement sensor to monitor synchronizer engagement.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods for carbothermically producing aluminum are disclosed. The systems may include a reactor and an electrical supply. The reactor may include a plurality of side-entering electrodes and a top-entering electrode. The electrical supply may be operable to supply multiphase current to the side-entering electrodes and/or the top-entering electrodes. The electrodes may be in communication with a molten bath of the reactor, and the multiphase current supplied thereto may be passed through the bath to heat the reactor. The amount of current supplied to various electrode sets may be adjusted to facilitate tailored heating of the molten bath.

Abstract: A sintered soft magnetic powder molded body having a composition containing Fe, 44 to 50% by mass of Ni and 2 to 6% by mass of Si, or a composition containing Fe and 2 to 6% by mass of Si, wherein the Si is unevenly distributed among particles, is provided.

Abstract: A direct reduction plant for the production of a metallized product (DRI) by the reduction of iron ores in lump or pellet form, wherein the reducing gas utilized in the DRI reactor contains acid gases such as sulphur compounds and carbon dioxide. The make-up reducing gases are typically produced by partial oxidation of hydrocarbons (syngas) at a high pressure while the DRI reactor is usually operated at a lower pressure. The pressure level of the reducing gas effluent from the DRI reactor (top gas), after cooling and dewatering, is increased to the pressure level of the syngas and the resulting recycle reducing gas is then combined with the make-up syngas and treated in a single acid-gas absorption unit forming a combined stream of clean upgraded reducing gas which thereafter is expanded in a turbine for lowering combined reducing gas pressure to the pressure level of the DRI reactor and is then heated to a temperature preferably above 950° C. and used in the DRI reactor for producing said DRI.

Abstract: A method and composition for removing sulfur from molten ferrous material, particularly molten iron. The desulfurization agent includes one or more pucks or briquettes of deoxidizing and/or desulfurization agent. The pucks or briquettes of deoxidizing and/or desulfurization agent include at least one deoxidizing metal and at least one ferrous metal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for screwing in several fastening means such as screws/nuts, which are disposed especially on a circular path, with the aid of a screwing mechanism (2) comprising feeding outputs (19) that are arranged so as to correspond to the screws/nut, particularly on a circular path, and are provided with a screwing tool. Said method encompasses the following steps: the outputs are deployed from a neutral position into an operating position; the screwing tools are placed on the screws/nuts; and the screws/nuts are screwed in by means of the outputs.

Abstract: A guiding device includes a connecting member, a first clamping arm, and a second clamping arm. The first clamping arm defines a first restricting groove and a first receiving groove in an end, and the first restricting groove communicates with the first receiving groove. The second clamping arm defining a second restricting groove and a second receiving groove in an end, and the second restricting groove communicates with the second receiving groove. The first clamping arm and the second clamping arm are rotatably connected to the connecting member. When the first clamping arm resists the second clamping arm, the first restricting groove and the second restricting groove cooperatively form a guiding portion. The first receiving groove and the second receiving groove cooperatively form a receiving portion. The receiving portion is substantially perpendicularly to the guiding portion to form a T-shaped groove.

Abstract: The present invention provides a kind of multi-head rachet wrench, featuring a function for joint with sleeves of different specifications through two or more sleeve joint structures configured on the rachet wrench; In its structural design, a broad part is configured on both the front and back end of the wrench shaft to fit the rachet sleeve joint, and a one-sided or double-sided rachet sleeve joint device is configured respectively on each broad part; Also, each joint is configured with different sizes and specifications, so that sleeves of multiple specifications can work on one single rachet wrench.

Abstract: A wrench comprises a drive head, a drive element and at least two same-structured pawls. The drive element is disposed in a drive portion on an inner surface of the drive head and defined with at least two recesses. The at least two pawls are respectively pivoted in the at least two recesses by pivot pin. Between the recesses is disposed a reversing element, which is provided with an elastic element and a push element opposite the respective pawls in such a manner that the push element can push against the pawls. The pawl is provided with two engaging ends opposite two opposite ends of the drive portion of the drive head. The two engaging ends of each of the pawls are not symmetrical to each other and configured to engage with the drive portion. The pawls in the respective recesses are disposed in the same direction or different directions.