Abstract: A modular concrete building is made of a plurality of precast concrete panels which may be assembled to provide a building. The panel sections include lower frame panels or support members, wall panels, floor panels, and roof panels. The building may be assembled by securing the floor panels to the support members, securing the wall panels to the floor panels, and securing the roof panels to the wall panels and to adjacent roof panels. The roof panels are made of precast concrete and include stiffening ribs.

Abstract: An insulated wall panel for use in building wall sections, said wall panel having a front face, a back face, and two opposite mating sides, each mating side being shaped to mate with the opposite mating side of an other insulated wall panel for mating assembly in a wall section, the insulating panel comprising a structural member extending along one of the mating sides, the structural member including a rear beam and a front beam, with cooperating flanges that are separated from each other by an insulating component

Abstract: A packaging machine comprises a preparation station for preparing a sleeve from a stretchable plastic film wound flat around a storage reel, and a gripper device for taking hold of the sleeve and transferring it to the depositing station for enveloping the load. According to the invention, the gripper device comprises at least one set of grippers which is equipped with notched bars to create differential stretch with the formulation of a lunula. Each bar is given a translational and/or rotational movement so that the bar can be extracted and the sleeve disengaged at the end of the depositing cycle.

Abstract: Packaging systems for storing ophthalmic devices such as contact lenses and to methods for packaging such ophthalmic devices with solutions to improve the comfort of the lenses during wear are disclosed. A packaging system includes an ophthalmic device stored in an aqueous packaging solution comprising a brush copolymer comprising (a) monomeric units derived from an ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing one or more boronic acid moieties; and (b) monomeric units derived from an ethylenically unsaturated-containing hydrophilic macromonomer.

Abstract: A method for producing contents filled in a container comprising steps of introducing a polyester container with a non-crystallized neck portion into a sterilized closed space having sterility and closed state on a commercial basis and comprising at least space in which a bottle sterilizing process is performed, space in which a filling process is performed and space in which a sealing process is performed, entire inner surface of said sterilized closed space and surface of an apparatus disposed in said sterilized closed space being sterilized by wet heating of the space using heated water and/or steam, at least the space in which the filling process is performed and the space in which the sealing process is performed being kept under a positive pressure by sterilized air; heating and sterilizing the container at least in its inner surface by wet heating using hot water and/or steam; and filling the contents in the sterilized container at a filling temperature within a temperature range from 40° C.

Abstract: Packaging systems for storing ophthalmic devices such as contact lenses and to methods for packaging such ophthalmic devices with solutions to improve the comfort of the lenses during wear are disclosed.

Abstract: A bag-making and packaging machine including first through third transportation devices provided between a positioning conveyor that positions bags fed out from a horizontal-type bag-making machine and a supply conveyor that supplies the bags to a conveyor magazine-type bag-supply apparatus of a packaging machine, wherein the first transportation device suctions and raises the bags from the positioning conveyor and changes them into a vertical attitude with the bag mouth portions facing downward, the second transportation device takes the bags held by the first transportation devices by gripping them with the gripping members, horizontally transports them to a prescribed position while rotating them, and then the third transportation device suctions and takes up the bags from the second transportation device, changes them to a horizontal attitude with the bag mouth portions facing in the bag feed direction and then places them on the supply conveyor.

Abstract: In an embodiment of the invention, a bottom seal of a plastic bag is strengthened by welding together 8 layers of plastic film. In one respect, an embodiment of the invention provides an apparatus configured to weld together 8 layers of plastic film on a bottom edge of a folded bag, and then unfold the bag. The apparatus may also stack multiple unfolded bags into a bag pack.

Abstract: A packaging material, having at least one optically anisotropic layer which is made from substantially the same layer-forming composition and includes two or more regions different in birefringence property.

Abstract: A method of retaining a longitudinally compressed flexible duct, the method includes disposing a strap about a closed flexible container enclosing a longitudinally compressed duct to circumferentially restrict a circumferential dimension of the flexible container and a corresponding circumferential dimension of the longitudinally compressed duct intermediate a first end of the longitudinally compressed duct and a second end of the longitudinally compressed duct. The method further includes opening an end of the flexible container to allow expansion of the longitudinally compressed duct intermediate the opened end of the flexible container and the strap.

Abstract: A phased split-pitch barrel loader for a packaging machine has a leading loader arm assembly and a trailing loader arm assembly. Each loader arm assembly has a loader arm that carries a loader face on one end and the loader arm is extendable and retractable on guide rails. One loader arm is driven in a downstream direction by a first set of endless chains and the other is driven by a second set of endless chains. One of the endless chains can be advanced or retarded in phase relative to the other to move the loader arms further apart or closer together as they move in the downstream direction. This moves the loader faces further apart or closer together and the loader faces have fingers that interleave when the loader faces are brought together. Thus, a composite loader face having a predetermined area can be formed by moving the loader arm assemblies closer together or farther apart.

Abstract: The present invention is a wrap designed to protect the saddle horn when a lariat rope is dallied around it and pressure applied, as when roping cattle in the sports of team and calf roping. The horn wrap consists of a strap having desired elasticity and durability, as well as a sufficient coefficient of friction. The horn wrap can have one or two apertures at the tips which can be pulled over the saddle horn and act to attach the horn wrap to the saddle horn. Generally anticipated to be in a generally bell shape, the attachment pieces act to protect the saddle pommel near the base of the saddle horn. The horn wrap may be beveled near its edges so as to allow for smooth layers on the saddle horn which can increase the contact of the rope to the saddle horn to increase the friction resisting the dally sliding when weight is applied to the rope.

Abstract: A stirrup including a hanger part for suspending the stirrup and a platform part for supporting a foot of a rider, wherein the hanger part and platform part have interconnecting components, one of the components having an upwardly angled section and the other of the components having a downwardly angled section, the sections cooperating under weight load of the rider to secure the parts together.

Abstract: A purification assembly (10) may comprise a block member (12) and a purification unit (11) attached to the block member. A method of assembling a purification assembly may comprise attaching a purification unit to a block member. A purification unit may include fitting a fluid flow path (14) extending through the fitting, and a purification element (15) in the fluid flow path.

Abstract: Provided is a filter bag for use in a dust collector which increases a filter area greatly even with a simple structure, and which makes size of the dust collector compact, to thereby reduce an installation area of the dust collector, and uniformly distributing an air pressure to thereby increase a dust removal effect as well as to enable a worker to easily manufacture the dust collector regardless of a quality of a material to thus provide a wide application range.

Abstract: A filter device has a filter housing and a filter element that is exchangeably arranged in the filter housing. A housing cover for closing the filter housing is provided. Interacting locking elements are arranged on the filter element and on the housing cover wherein the interacting locking elements have a locked position and a release position and are moveable between the locked position and the release position.

Abstract: An electric outdoor power machine includes a machine body supported by wheels and having an output member driven by a motor. The motor is powered by a source of electrical power such as a battery. An upright assembly extends from the machine body and has a gripping handle. A manual input member such as a bail handle is mounted adjacent to the gripping handle and is movable relative to the gripping handle between a deactivated position and an activated position. A control assembly that selectively communicates electric power to the output member includes a button supported by a housing on the upright assembly. The button is movable between an unactuated position and an actuated position. A button crank is coupled to the button and has an interface portion.

Abstract: Harvester adapter for harvesting grain crops, particularly corn, comprising a frame structure attached to a harvester machine, at least one snapping unit (6) having a main drive means (13), and at least one stalk shredder unit (7) attached to the frame structure, the stalk shredder unit (7) having a shredder drive (14). A clutch means (15) is disposed between the shaft of the main drive means (13) of the snapping unit (6) and the shaft of the shredder drive (14) of the stalk shredder unit (7), where the stalk shredder unit (7) is in driving connection with the main drive means (13) of the snapping unit (6).

Abstract: An improved mechanism for directing the motion of a knife mechanism in a bale wrapping apparatus which reduces actuation and acceleration forces in the knife mechanism thereby improving operational efficiency and durability of the mechanism and actuator.

Abstract: On each draft element of a ring spinning frame, two pieces of short-staple roving from the roving bobbin enter into the draft mechanism to be drafted though a guide funnel in parallel, two pieces of filament are fed from the back of the front roller, and combine with two pieces of roving at front jaw respectively. The drafted two pieces of roving and filament are output from the front jaw and enter into the twisting triangle area to be twisted, and then are wound onto a yarn bobbin to produce yarn. Based on the relative position of the two pieces of roving and two pieces of filament, different yarns can be produced. Furthermore, multi-component yarn, such as core structure, wrapped structure, strand-like structure, can be produced on a ring spinning frame. The structure of yarn can be precisely determined. Special fiber yarn can be produced on traditional spinning frame.

Abstract: A flexible and automatic system and method for blending an inexpensive secondary gas with a primary gas fuel for operation of a Dry Low NOx gas turbine. The secondary gas may be a gas fuel such as hydrogen, ethane, butane, propane and liquefied natural gas or an inert gas. Combustion dynamics are avoided by controlling the blended fuel within a permissible range for a Modified Wobbe Index. Combustion dynamics and gas turbine exhaust emissions may also be monitored to maintain safe combustion with the blended fuel. A gas turbine control system may adjust the blend and temperature of the primary gas fuel and the secondary gas to promote desired combustion.

Abstract: The present inventions include a boundary layer ejector fluidically connecting boundary layer bleed slots from an external surface of an aircraft to reduce aircraft/nacelle/pylon drag, reduce jet noise and decrease thrust specific fuel consumption. In one embodiment a boundary layer withdrawn through the boundary layer bleed slots is entrained with an exhaust flow of a gas turbine engine. In another embodiment a boundary layer withdrawn through the boundary layer bleed slots is entrained with a flow stream internal to the gas turbine engine, such as a fan stream of a turbofan. Members can be provided near an outlet of a passageway conveying the withdrawn boundary layer air to locally reduce the pressure of the fluid in which the withdrawn boundary layer air is to be entrained. A lobed mixer can be used in some embodiments to effect mixing between the boundary layer and a primary fluid of the ejector.

Abstract: The present inventions include a boundary layer ejector fluidically connecting boundary layer bleed slots from an external surface of an aircraft to reduce aircraft/nacelle/pylon drag, reduce jet noise and decrease thrust specific fuel consumption. In one embodiment a boundary layer withdrawn through the boundary layer bleed slots is entrained with an exhaust flow of a gas turbine engine. In another embodiment a boundary layer withdrawn through the boundary layer bleed slots is entrained with a flow stream internal to the gas turbine engine, such as a fan stream of a turbofan. Members can be provided near an outlet of a passageway conveying the withdrawn boundary layer air to locally reduce the pressure of the fluid in which the withdrawn boundary layer air is to be entrained. A lobed mixer can be used in some embodiments to effect mixing between the boundary layer and a primary fluid of the ejector.

Abstract: A mechanical device efficiently converts energy stored in a highly compressed gas, such as air in a pipeline or SCUBA tank, to mechanical energy, such as might be used to drive an electrical generator or to propel a water craft.

Abstract: Embodiments include an inlet particle separator system for a gas turbine engine. The inlet particle separator system includes an inertial particle separator that separates incoming air into a cleaned air flow and a scavenge flow. Embodiments may also include an ejector that provides a draw on a scavenge duct and entrains the scavenge flow into a charged flow, e.g., such as the output of a first stage fan. The ejector may have a variable output.

Abstract: A turbofan engine is provided that includes a fan nacelle surrounding a core nacelle. The core nacelle houses a spool. The fan and core nacelles provide a bypass flow path having a nozzle exit area. A turbofan is arranged within the fan nacelle upstream from the core nacelle. A flow control device is adapted to effectively change the nozzle exit area to obtain a desired operating condition for the turbofan engine. A gear train couples the spool and turbofan for reducing a turbofan rotational speed relative to a spool rotational speed. A controller is programmed to respond to at least one sensor. The controller is programmed to effectively control the nozzle area.

Abstract: A nozzle is provided that can be used as part of an aircraft engine. In one form the nozzle includes an inner cowl and an outer cowl. The inner cowl can be actuated to a variety of positions. The outer cowl is piggybacked on the inner cowl and is initially retained in first position relative to the inner cowl with an outer cowl actuator. The outer cowl actuator can be commanded to release the outer cowl so that the outer cowl can be moved to a second position relative to the inner cowl. In one form the outer cowl actuator is an explosive bolt and a spring is provided to urge the outer cowl to the second position.

Abstract: A method of constructing self-powered air-conditioner comprises a convergent divergent nozzle where powered fan pushes air into said nozzle. While the pushed air accelerates toward the nozzle throat it becomes colder as air internal energy transformed into kinetic energy. An axial turbine installed within the nozzle throat extracts energy from the air in the nozzle and drives an electrical generator that provides electricity to the fan electric motor. Alternatively the turbine and fan are installed on common shaft, which could be the electric generator shaft. The cold air within the nozzle throat cools the nozzle throat skin, which serves as air-conditioner core. The cold nozzle skin is wrapped with coiled pipes in which liquid flows, becomes colder and this cold liquid flows away to heat exchanger where air is flowing through it and becomes colder. This cold air is then flows into spaces needed to be air-conditioned.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle including an engine, a generator capable of generating power by being driven by the engine, an electric motor capable of running on power supplied from the generator, a power split device that transmits output from the engine to a driving wheel and the generator and also transmits output from the electric motor to the driving wheel, and a main ECU that controls an output ratio of the engine and an output ratio of the electric motor using the power split device according to the running state of the vehicle. When the operating mode of the engine is switched between a lean burn operating mode and a stoichiometric burn operating mode, the main ECU selectively increases and decreases the output ratio of the electric motor so that the total output, which is the combined output of the engine and the electric motor, is constant.

Abstract: A device for controlling the operating state of a catalytic converter in the exhaust line of an internal combustion engine, including a mechanism for determining the temperature upstream and downstream of the converter, a mechanism for injecting fuel in the exhaust line of the engine, a mechanism for calibrating a temperature model on a measured operating temperature of the catalytic converter, and a mechanism for calculating the integral of the difference between the measured temperature and the modeled temperature downstream of the converter.

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus (31) comprises an EHD atomizer (32). The EHD atomizer (32) comprises a cylindrical body (33) and a narrow pipe (34) attached to a tip of the cylindrical body (33). The cylindrical body (33) is connected through a fuel introducing pipe (35) to a fuel tank (36), and an electronically-controlled fuel pump (37) is arranged in the fuel introducing pipe (35). A voltage application device (38) is electrically connected to the narrow pipe (34). When the fuel is to be injected, the fuel pump (37) is operated to supply the fuel in the fuel tank (36) through the fuel introducing pipe (35) into the cylindrical body (33) of the EHD atomizer (32). The fuel is then flown through the narrow pipe (34) and is injected from the tip of the narrow pipe (34). At this time, the voltage application device (38) applies a pulse voltage or applies a pulse voltage and a direct-current voltage superimposingly to the narrow pipe (34).

Abstract: In a region where the engine load is less than a first predetermined value, only a second exhaust valve that opens and closes a second exhaust passageway that bypasses a turbine of a supercharger is opened. In a region where the engine load is greater than or equal to the first predetermined value and less than a second predetermined value, both the second exhaust valve and a first exhaust valve that opens and closes a first exhaust passageway that leads to the turbine are opened. In a region where the engine load is greater than or equal to the second predetermined value, only the first exhaust valve is opened. A predetermined value for the time of lean combustion is set lower than a predetermined value for the time of stoichiometric combustion.

Abstract: A closure member for a urea tank used to provide urea to an exhaust treatment system of a vehicle comprises a closure member body defining respective urea inlet and outlet passages and coolant inlet and outlet passages therethrough. A valve carried by the closure member body, and a portion of the valve can be an integral one piece part of the closure member body, selectively blocks the flow coolant through the interior of the urea tank. When coolant flows into the tank, it is separated from urea in the tank by a recirculating conduit which returns the coolant from the coolant inlet passage to the coolant outlet passage. Coolant circulating within the tank heats urea therein. The coolant flow valve can comprise a solenoid controlled valve with an electrical connector carried by the coolant tank for making connections to wiring that provides power to the solenoid to control the valve.

Abstract: In a method for diagnosing the presence of an internal combustion engine exhaust aftertreatment component on a vehicle, the exhaust temperature is measured downstream the aftertreatment component continuously over a time period to provide a first temperature signal with fluctuating amplitude. The temperature signal is modified to provide a second modified temperature signal. The first and second temperature signals are compared to detect any significant difference between the signals.

Abstract: A single-wall manifold having an engine flange, an outlet flange and manifold pipes which are connected at their one end to the engine flange and at their other end to the outlet flange, with a load-transferring connection being provided between the engine flange and the outlet flange in addition to the manifold pipes to improve the load transfer between the outlet flange and the engine flange.

Abstract: Torque Ripple is reduced in hydraulic system by operating with a hydraulic fluid having a VI of at least 130.

Abstract: The invention describes a depalleting device (1) and a method for operating the latter for a transported product (2) provided in a stack comprising a mounting table (8) which is adjustable linearly in a guiding arrangement (10) by a feed drive (9), and comprising a conveying device (4) arranged on the latter and drive-connected to a drive motor and with a mounting conveying device (23) arranged at least at one end section (20) of the conveying device (4). The mounting conveying device (23) is drive-connected to a drive motor that is independent of the drive of the conveying device (4). By means of a detecting means (52) of the mounting conveying device (23) a load parameter is detected which acts on the latter on placing a conveying roller up to the transported product (2) and a signal is generated in a control and regulating device for controlling the speed of the drive motor of the mounting conveying device (23).

Abstract: A hydraulic control device for an automatic transmission, including: a hydraulic pressure source; a plurality of friction engagement elements; a line pressure regulating valve that regulates hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pressure source to a predetermined line pressure; a plurality of operation pressure regulating valves that regulate the line pressure as operation pressure for a hydraulic servo operating a friction engagement element; a maximum pressure conducting circuit that feeds a maximum pressure, among the operation pressures, to the line pressure regulating valve, wherein the friction engagement elements are engaged and released to achieve a plurality of forward speeds and a reverse speed, and the line pressure regulating valve regulates the line pressure during forward travel based on the maximum operation pressure, and regulates the line pressure during reverse travel based on the operation pressure input from a specific operation pressure regulating valve.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a large hydraulic excavator permitting an easy change from a machine mode corresponding to a backhoe excavator to a machine mode corresponding to a loader excavator, and vice versa. [MEANS for Solving the Problem] Arranged are a hydraulic circuit 1 provided with hydraulic pumps 11-18 and directional control valves 21-35, solenoid valves 41-43, 51-66 for controlling hydraulic pumps 11-18 and the directional control valves 21-35, and a controller 70 for controlling the solenoid valves 41-43, 51-66 in accordance with operation of control lever devices 80-83 and control pedal devices 84-87. The controller 70 performs control of the solenoid valves 41-43, 51-66 in a backhoe mode or loader mode selectively instructed by a mode instruction means 71.

Abstract: A stirling engine is disclosed. The engine includes at least two fluid chambers; a displacer, which may be rotary; and a movable seal. At least one displacer may be included in each of the at least two fluid chambers. The movable seal separates the at least two fluid chambers. In a further aspect, a stirling engine may include any one of at least one heat source, at least one heat sink, at least one converter, or any combination of any two or more of the preceding.

Abstract: A memory alloy spring engine includes a spring (1) made from a memory alloy, a driving stem (6) and a heat resource. The memory spring (1) is connected to the driving stem (6) and configured to move the driving stem (6) when being compressed and deformed by an external force, to restore to an original shape after being compressed and then heated, and to move the driving stem (6) again after being cooled and then compressed and deformed again so as to move the driving stem (6) up and down along therewith in continuous repeating cycles. The memory spring is equipped with a polyhedral glass ball (3), the polyhedral glass ball (3) is configured to collect sunlight from different angles and to conduct solar heat to the memory spring (1) so that the memory spring is heated and thereby restored to the original shape. The engine may utilize natural heat energy (solar energy or geo-heat) and combustible fuel alone or in combination to generate electricity according to different locations or different times.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an exhaust gas cooler (1), in particular for an exhaust gas recirculation system of an internal combustion engine, preferably of a motor vehicle, comprising an exhaust gas inlet (2) which is connected in a communicating manner with an inlet chamber (4), an exhaust gas outlet (3) which is connected in a communicating manner with an outlet chamber (5), a plurality of exhaust gas pipes (7) which are configured as flat pipes, extend parallel to each other through a coolant chamber (8) and are connected in a communicating manner on one side to the inlet chamber (4) and on the other side to the outlet chamber (5), a coolant inlet (9) which is connected in a communicating manner to the coolant chamber (8), and a coolant outlet (10) which is connected in a communicating manner to the coolant chamber (8).

Abstract: A solar-thermal power plant is provided. The solar-thermal power plant includes a working fluid circuit, a solar steam generator based on direct evaporation and a steam turbine for relieving the working fluid on a relief path while the working fluid supplies technical work. The solar-thermal power plant also includes at least one intermediate superheater, which can be heated using the working fluid. The working fluid may be removed from the circuit upstream of the intermediate superheater and superheated using the working fluid thereof, which can be fed downstream of the heating removal using the relief path. A method for operating a solar-thermal power plant is also provided.

Abstract: An energy converter, includes a base, a first and a second converging lenses, an electric coil and a movable module. The base includes a substrate, a transparent chamber and two supporters formed on the substrate. The transparent chamber includes a first and a second vents formed therein. The first and second converging lenses are supported by the respective supporters. The electric coil is fixed on the substrate, and the electric coil defines a receiving space therein. The movable module includes a piston, a connector connected to the piston, a magnet connected to the connector, and a shading plate disposed on the connector and having an opening defined therein. The piston is moved in the transparent chamber due to thermal expansion of air in the transparent chamber, thereby moving the magnet in or out of the receiving space of the electric coil, and thus the electric power is generated.

Abstract: A solar thermal powered aircraft powered by heat energy from the sun. A Rankine-Brayton hybrid cycle heat engine is carried by the aircraft body for producing power for a propulsion mechanism, such as a propeller or other mechanism for enabling sustained free flight. The Rankine-Brayton engine has a thermal battery, preferably containing a lithium-hydride and lithium mixture, operably connected to it so that heat is supplied from the thermal battery to a working fluid. A solar concentrator, such as reflective parabolic trough, is movably connected to an optically transparent section of the aircraft body for receiving and concentrating solar energy from within the aircraft. Concentrated solar energy is collected by a heat collection and transport conduit, and heat transported to the thermal battery. A solar tracker includes a heliostat for determining optimal alignment with the sun, and a drive motor actuating the solar concentrator into optimal alignment with the sun based on a determination by the heliostat.

Abstract: A process for reducing CO2 emission in a power plant, wherein the power plant comprises at least one gas turbine coupled to a heat recovery steam generator unit and the CO2 capture unit comprises an absorber and a regenerator, the process comprising the steps of: (a) introducing hot exhaust gas exiting a gas turbine having a certain elevated pressure into a heat recovery steam generator unit to produce steam and a flue gas stream comprising carbon dioxide; (b) removing carbon dioxide from the flue gas stream comprising carbon dioxide by contacting the flue gas stream with absorbing liquid in an absorber having an elevated operating pressure to obtain absorbing liquid enriched in carbon dioxide and a purified flue gas stream, wherein the settings and/or construction of the gas turbine are adjusted such that the hot exhaust gas exiting the gas turbine has a pressure of at least 40% of the elevated operating pressure of the absorber.

Abstract: One embodiment according to the present invention is a unique system for harnessing thermal energy of a gas turbine engine. Other embodiments include unique apparatuses, systems, devices, and methods relating to gas turbine engines. Further embodiments, forms, objects, features, advantages, aspects, and benefits of the present invention shall become apparent from the following description and drawings.

Abstract: An axial flow steam turbine flow path that includes a rotor and a casing defining the axial steam flow path; and a toroidal diffuser for diffusing the exhaust steam and turning the exhaust steam from a generally axial flow direction to a generally transverse or vertical and tangential direction; wherein the toroidal diffuser comprises a diffuser that, at least in part, incorporates the shape of a toroid or a section of a toroid; and wherein a toroid comprises the shape generated by revolving a circular or oval shape in three dimensional space about an axis coplanar with the circular or oval shape, which does not touch the circular or oval shape.

Abstract: A hydraulic excavator includes a rotation motor (31) for rotating an upper rotating structure. The rotation motor (31) includes an electric motor (32), a hydraulic motor (40), and a reduction gearbox (33). The hydraulic motor (40) includes a motor mechanism (50) and a clutch mechanism (70). The motor mechanism (50), which is a vane-type hydraulic motor, is engaged with/disengaged from a motor shaft (37) by the clutch mechanism (70). When rotation speed of the upper rotating structure is low, and a required value of output torque of the rotation motor (31) is high, an operation of driving the output shaft (35) by the hydraulic motor (40) is performed in the rotation motor (31).

Abstract: An internal combustion engine apparatus provided with an internal combustion engine in which ignition timing can be adjusted and which has attached thereto an exhaust gas recirculation device that recirculates exhaust gas to an intake side, a control method for the internal combustion engine apparatus, and a hybrid vehicle are provided.