Abstract: A partially deactivatable internal combustion engine has two cylinder banks 2R and 2L having cylinders. Some of the cylinders are deactivatable cylinders capable of deactivated by keeping engine valves for them closed and the rest are continuously working cylinders. A camshaft for a cylinder bank having the deactivatable cylinders drives an engine accessory, i.e. a fuel injection pump, whereby variation of camshaft driving torque can be suppressed.

Abstract: Provided is a cat-and-mouse type internal combustion engine of concentric two-rotor/six-piston type, which has a cooling chamber in its cylinder housing and which needs neither any lubricating oil nor any valve mechanism so that its structure is simple and compact and can be easily manufactured. Further provided are a variable correlation type crank for a constant-pressure burning (CPB) engine of a variable compression ratio, and an inertial correlation type crank for a premixed compression ignition (HCCI), thereby to realize an internal combustion engine, which matches fuels of various kinds and which has a high energy efficiency and a clean exhaust gas.

Abstract: A four-cycle engine including a blowdown pressure wave supercharging system (40) compressing and supplying exhaust gas into a second cylinder (#1) by causing a pressure wave (blowdown pressure wave) from a combustion chamber at opening of an exhaust valve of a first cylinder (#4) to act on an exhaust port (1e) of the second cylinder (#1) and during a reopen period of an exhaust valve of the second cylinder; and a mask member (50) restraining the exhaust gas (EGR gas) compressed and supplied into the second cylinder (#1) from mixing with fresh air flowing from an intake port (1d), wherein a first temperature layer (T1) at a high temperature containing a large amount of the EGR gas in the fresh air and a second temperature layer (T2) at a temperature lower than that of the first temperature layer (T1) containing a smaller amount of the EGR gas than that of the first temperature layer (T1) in the fresh air are formed in the second cylinder (#1).

Abstract: In a valve drive train actuating device, particularly for an internal combustion engine, having at least one firing camshaft, which can be phase shifted relative to a crankshaft by means of a firing camshaft adjusting device and a decompression brake device comprising at least one brake cam and at least one decompression valve, the valve drive train actuating device comprises an adjusting device for adjusting a decompression valve drive actuating point in time depending on the speed of the crankshaft of the engine.

Abstract: In order to provide a carburettor unit for motorized equipment, in particular hand-operated motorized equipment such as a chain saw, a trimmer, a lawn-cutting appliance, a foliage clearing appliance or suchlike, having a housing, in which a throttle valve and a choke valve are held so as to be movable respectively between a closed position and an open position, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and in which an incorrect position between the throttle valve and the choke valve is avoided, it is proposed that a locking element is provided, which is adjustable through the movement of the throttle valve and cooperates with the choke valve such that a movement of the choke valve into the closed position is locked when the motorized equipment is set in operation.

Abstract: An engine revolution speed control system for a construction machine is disclosed. The engine revolution speed control system includes an input unit that sets an engine revolution speed by a user, outputs a setting process as a set signal, and determines whether or not an engine is driven at a set engine revolution speed; a control unit that receives the set signal and stores the set engine revolution speed, receives the set signal and an ON/OFF signal to output an output signal corresponding to the received set signal and the ON/OFF signal, and controls operation of the engine at the set engine revolution speed in accordance with the ON/OFF signal; and a display that receives the output signal to visually output the setting process or whether or not the engine is driven at the set engine revolution speed.

Abstract: An engine control system includes a starting module, a position module, and a deactivation module. The starting module determines when a crankshaft starts to rotate and activates a control valve of a fuel pump when the crankshaft starts to rotate. The position module determines a position of the crankshaft and determines a position of a camshaft based on the position of the crankshaft. The camshaft drives the fuel pump. The deactivation module deactivates the control valve when the position module determines the position of the camshaft.

Abstract: An electronic control system for a carburetor, includes: a transmission device (24, 25) linked to a valve (7, 8); an electric actuator (20, 21) for driving the valve (7, 8); and an electronic control unit (12a) for controlling operation of the electric actuator (20, 21). The transmission device (24, 25), the electric actuator (20, 21) and the electronic control unit (12a) are housed and held in a casing (10) mounted on the carburetor (C). The ventilation means (72, 74, 74?, 89, 90) for causing an interior of the casing (10) to communicate with the outside is connected to the casing (10). Therefore, it is possible to house the transmission device, the electric actuator and the electronic control unit efficiently in a common casing so as to downsize the electronic control system for a carburetor, and improve durability of the electronic control unit and the electric actuator.

Abstract: Provided are barrier coatings and methods for applying barrier coatings to piezoelectric actuators that are intended for use in automotive fuel injectors. The barrier coatings are characterised by the presence of at least one organic layer, and additionally metal and/or non-metallic inorganic layers. The barrier coatings described show advantage in resisting permeation by liquid fuel, water and other contaminants.

Abstract: A system and method for defining a signal for driving a piezoelectric actuator, comprising defining a wave profile corresponding to a voltage waveform of a signal for actuating a piezoelectric actuator; modifying the wave profile such that an operational profile of the piezoelectric actuator is adjusted; and providing the signal to the piezoelectric actuator to operate the piezoelectric actuator.

Abstract: A lead-zirconate-titanate ceramic has texturing, with textured nuclei containing barium-titanate crystallites, wherein the barium-titanate crystallites have a substantially equal crystal characteristic, including form anisotropy, and an orientation in the lead-zirconate-titanate ceramic. A method for the production of a PZT ceramic has the following steps: a) providing the barium-titanate crystallite, b) mixing the barium-titanate crystallite and a starting material of the lead-zirconate-titanate into a ceramic green body such that the barium-titanate crystallites in the green body have an orientation, and c) heat-treating the green body. The heat treatment has calcination and sintering of the piezo-ceramic composition. The barium-titanate crystallites are used in a “template grain growth process” as crystallization nuclei. The piezo-ceramic component is, for example, an ultrasonic transducer or a piezo-ceramic bender actuator.

Abstract: A rocking mechanism, through which linear reciprocating movement of a piston in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine can be transferred, from the remote end of a con rod on which the piston is mounted to a crankshaft, includes an oscillating device and a mounting device by which the oscillating device is mountable on a crankcase of the engine for reversible oscillating movement of the oscillating device on a first axis parallel to the crankshaft axis. The oscillating device is adapted for pivotally connecting to the little end of a further con rod having a big end connectable to the crankshaft for relative rotation, between the rocking mechanism and the further con rod, on a second axis offset from and parallel to the first axis.

Abstract: A spark-ignited internal combustion engine includes a variable compression ratio mechanism (A) that changes a mechanical compression ratio and an actual compression ratio 70 start timing-changing mechanism (B) that changes a start timing at which actual compression starts. The maximum mechanical compression ratio while the engine is in operation is reduced with increase in engine speed.

Abstract: One aspect according to the present invention includes a fuel vapor processing apparatus including an insert. The insert can determine an effective flow passage area of the adsorption material chamber without producing a non-filled region of an adsorption material, through which fuel vapor containing gas flows.

Abstract: There is provided an internal-combustion engine that allows plasma to be used safely, efficiently, and in a manner conducive to resource conservation. An internal-combustion engine having an intake valve for opening and closing a combustion chamber, the internal-combustion engine comprising a valve-driving mechanism for driving the intake valve; and a plasma-generating device positioned within a region containing gas used for combustion during a combustion stroke, the plasma-generating device being composed of an antenna and a microwave-generating device, wherein the plasma-generating device composed of the antenna and the microwave-generating device generates plasma at a timing intimately associated with a state of openness of the intake valve in response to the driving of the valve by the valve-driving mechanism.

Abstract: The pollution control system includes a PCV valve having an inlet and an outlet adapted to vent blow-by gas out from a combustion engine. A fluid regulator associated with the PCV valve selectively modulates engine vacuum pressure to adjustably increase or decrease a fluid flow rate of blow-by gas venting from the combustion engine. An integral oil trap fluidly coupled to the PCV valve condenses vaporized oil in the blow-by gas into a liquid for re-use in the combustion engine.

Abstract: An ignition device includes: an axially extending chamber with an opening portion to be open to a cylinder and a bottom surface facing the opening portion; an outer electrode provided around the opening portion; and a center electrode that forms the bottom surface. When a voltage is applied between the center electrode and the outer electrode, a plasma is produced in the chamber and a plasma jet is injected through the opening portion. The ignition device includes: a metal housing formed integrally with or separately from the outer electrode; an insulating member that supports the center electrode while insulating the center electrode from the housing and the outer electrode; and a screw thread formed on a periphery of the housing by which the ignition device is screwed into a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine. A gasket is disposed in a side closer to the inside of the cylinder. A peripheral wall of the chamber is formed by the insulating member.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control apparatus includes a learning unit learning amounts of divergence of a correction amount from a reference value thereof respectively as to a plurality of set lift amount regions as divergence amount learning values, a correction unit calculating a divergence amount correction value and correcting a fuel injection amount command value, and a reflection unit reflecting a learning result of the divergence amount learning value of a specific one of the plurality of the set lift amount regions on the divergence amount learning value of another one of the lift amount regions when there is a history indicating that the divergence amount learning value of the specific one of the lift amount regions has been learned and there is no history indicating that the divergence amount learning value of that another one of the lift amount regions has been learned.

Abstract: A seating control device for a valve, comprising: a vessel for containing a fluid; an upper snubber element translatably receivable in the vessel for controlling the seating velocity of a valve associated therewith; and a lower snubber element translatably receivable in the vessel, adjacent the upper snubber element, presenting a surface to the upper snubber element, for controlling the seating of the valve.

Abstract: The invention is a method of controlling trapped gas masses in cylinders of a variable timing gasoline engine. A set point is determined for a trapped air mass in a cylinder and a set point is determined for trapped burnt gas mass in a cylinder. Then, in order to meet these set points: an intake pressure set point is generated from measurements of variable timing of positions of actuators and from the air mass set point; a position set point is generated for each of two variable timing actuators, from an intake pressure measurement and from the burnt gas mass set point; finally, a throttle and the variable timing actuators are controlled so as to meet the intake pressure set point and the set point position of the variable timing actuators.

Abstract: A novelty device for launching projectiles includes a housing defining a storage chamber and a launch channel. The launch channel is open proximate an upper end of the housing. A plurality of projectiles are disposed in the storage channel. A projectile staging arrangement is operative for moving a select one of the plurality of projectiles from the storage chamber to the launch channel. An ejector arrangement is associated with the launch channel and operative for launching a staged projectile disposed within the launch channel at one of a plurality of launch velocities.

Abstract: A paper bullet firing pistol toy produces its own projectiles sequentially for shooting. By sliding an operating part on the outside of the toy, a strip of paper is drawn into the body of the pistol, and a piece of the paper is cut and folded into a bullet shape inside the toy. Thereafter, the paper bullet is shot from the muzzle by operating the trigger part, and the toy's mechanisms can be restored to their initial states by restoring the sliding operating part to its initial position, thereby making it possible to shoot paper bullets continuously.

Abstract: Block-cutting gangsaw with vertical frame for cutting granite or other hard materials, comprising a blade-holding frame (19) that is supported with the possibility of reciprocating movement on an independent oscillating frame (40) which imparts the oscillating movement to it, so that each blade (20) of blade-holding frame (19) is always in contact with workpiece (18), and the contact area moves along a convex, curved trajectory.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of improving nanotopography of a surface of a wafer sliced from an ingot by using a wire saw apparatus, including improving straightness of feed of a work feed table which is included in the wire saw apparatus and used for feeding the ingot to a wire row formed by winding a wire around a plurality of rollers, and also provides a wire saw apparatus for slicing an ingot to manufacture a wafer, including: a wire row formed by winding a wire around a plurality of rollers; a work feed table for holding and feeding the ingot to the wire row; and a linear-motion guide for linearly guiding the work feed table, wherein a component having a wavelength of 20 to 200 mm in straightness of feed of the work feed table satisfies a PV value ?1.0 ?m. As a result, there are provided the method of eliminating slice waviness having periodicity to improve the nanotopography of the surface of the wafer and the wire saw apparatus.

Abstract: A portable stove including a body and a cover pivotally connected thereto. The portable stove further includes legs connected thereto through attaching devices so as to enable the stove to stand on a supporting surface. Additionally, the legs are moveable to a position to limit the cover from being pivoted relative to the body when the stove is not in use.

Abstract: A control arrangement for a gas stove, wherein the control arrangement includes a gas burner; a control element to switch the gas burner on and off; a signal transducer to generate a first signal that depends on a position of the control element; a first control apparatus to control, depending on the first signal of the signal transducer, igniting or extinguishing a flame on the gas burner; and a second control apparatus that is arranged between the signal transducer and the first control apparatus. In at least one position of the control element, a second signal is fed to the first control apparatus that simulates continuous switching on and off of the gas burner.

Abstract: An actuated feedforward controlled solar tracker system including a sub-frame supporting at least one solar panel, a post supporting the sub-frame, and a linking mechanism connecting the sub-frame and post, where the linking mechanism includes a first axle, second axle and body member. The linking mechanism's first and second axles are disposed orthogonal to each other and are separated by the body member. The system includes at least two linear actuators, a rotational joint connecting the linear actuators and sub-frame, and a driver system that drives the actuators. Additionally, the system includes a feedforward control system including a computer that calculates desired positions of the linear actuators using multiple inputs and communicates with the driver system to drive the linear actuators, and a feedback control system that relays information gathered by sensor devices to the feedforward control system, where the feedforward and feedback control systems function in an integrated manner.

Abstract: An actuated solar tracker that includes a sub-frame capable of supporting at least one solar panel, at least one post for supporting the sub-frame, and a linking mechanism that connects the sub-frame and post. The linking mechanism includes a first axle, second axle and body member that connects the first axle to the second axle. The first axle and the second axle of the linking mechanism are disposed substantially orthogonal to each other and are separated by the body member. The solar tracker also includes at least two linear actuators, each containing a first end and second end, a rotational joint connecting the second end of the linear actuators to the sub-frame, and a driver system that drives the linear actuators. The solar tracker includes a controller for calculating desired positions of the linear actuators and communicating with the driver system to drive the linear actuators to desired positions.

Abstract: A solar energy-based water heating and power generating module includes a factory-fabricated compound module panel usable as a cover panel for building, car or ship and capable of absorbing solar energy for heating water flowing in a water chamber and a circulation pipe, and a power generator formed of a field magnet set, an oscillator and a coil and actuated by a temperature difference energy to generate heat.

Abstract: Disclosed is a structure and method for controlling a solar energy board. The structure includes a first shaft, a first encoder, a connecting rod, a first motor and a controller. The first shaft is used to control vertical rotation of the solar energy board. The first encoder is disposed at the first shaft to read a vertical rotation angle of the solar energy board. The connecting rod is connected to one side of the solar energy board. The first motor is disposed at the connecting rod to move the connecting rod so that the solar energy board is driven to rotate in the vertical direction. The controller is respectively connected to the first encoder and the first motor so as to activate or deactivate the first motor according to the vertical rotation angle read from the first encoder.

Abstract: A solar energy collection system and components includes a vacuum and an air compressor. The system includes a plurality of flexible units each having a backing portion and a solar cell portion upwardly adjacent and coupled to the backing portion. Each backing portion includes adhesive and at least one channel in the adhesive. Each channel is configured for communication with the vacuum to withdraw air from the channel when the adhesive is initially coupled to a structure and for communication with an air compressor to provide air to the channel to separate the adhesive from the structure. Each solar cell portion has an electricity generating element. The structure for coupling units transfers electricity between units. Each unit has an electricity outlet for passing electricity generated by at least one generating element for storage or use.

Abstract: A housing for a mechanical or electrical device for use with an aerosol canister for containing chemical comprising a sleeve for receipt of the aerosol canister, a collar affixable around the neck of the canister; and a joint between the sleeve and the collar to secure the housing to the canister.

Abstract: The present invention provides for carbon dioxide removal and fixation using a cell incorporating a carbon dioxide selective film for active/passive transport while simultaneously producing oxygen and an air bladder for use in battlefield applications and the like where oxygen requirements are often extreme.

Abstract: An inhaler according to the present invention includes the following so that a user can visually confirm the ejection status of medicine: an air flow path communicating with a suction port through which a user inhales medicine; a medicine ejection portion ejecting the medicine supplied to the air flow path; an image sensor picking up the inside of the air flow path; a memory storing image data being the output of the image sensor; writing means storing the image data in the memory; and reading means reading the image data stored in the memory: wherein, the writing means is operated in synchronization with the timing of ejecting the medicine or after passing a predetermined time from ejecting the medicine.

Abstract: An oxygen delivery system is provided that employs a reservoir for holding oxygen or an oxygen and medicine mixture while the patient is not inhaling. The reservoir generally prevents waste and reduces cost and helps prevent the patient from re-inhaling the previously exhaled gases.

Abstract: A volume flow controller (1) for controlling the flow of a gas mixture of variable proportions through a conduit (3) has a valve means (5) for regulating the flow of gas through the conduit, a drive means (9) for driving the valve means, a volumetric flow meter (7), such as a Pelton wheel, for measuring the flow of gas through the conduit, which provides a feedback signal (29) for comparison with a setpoint signal (17) in an amplifier (15) which generates an adjustment signal (11) which is fed to the drive means.

Abstract: An anesthetic vaporizer and a temperature compensation unit are disclosed. The temperature compensation unit, which cooperates with a vaporizing chamber having a bottom wall, includes a first device connected to the bottom wall of the vaporizing chamber for contacting with liquid anesthetic agent in the vaporizing chamber and changing in length according to temperature change of the liquid anesthetic agent, and a second device connected to the vaporizing chamber. A gas flow gap through which a gas flow passes is formed between the first and second devices. The gas flow gap becomes larger as temperature of the liquid anesthetic agent rises and smaller as the temperature of the liquid anesthetic agent drops.

Abstract: A delivery device that includes a cutter for opening a barrier layer to provide fluid access to a dose chamber, and a diverting structure for direct air flow toward the dose chamber.

Abstract: A method of operating a device for treating sleep disordered breathing (SDB), wherein the device provides continuous positive airway pressure during sleep, includes determining whether treatment pressure at the patient interface is below a desired value, in response to the determining, increasing pressure generated by the flow generator, in response to the increasing, making a determination that the increase in flow generator pressure has resulted in less than a desired increase in treatment pressure at the patient interface, and in response to the determination, reducing or inhibiting further increase of the flow generator pressure.

Abstract: A control unit for controlling a ventilator that provides EMG controlled ventilation to a patient receives EMG signals from an esophageal catheter inserted into the patient and selects, dependent on the EMG signal, at least one signal for controlling the ventilator. A user interface unit operates by the control unit indicates the position of the catheter relative to the patient's diaphragm based on the selected signal. The position information may be presented in relation to signal curves representing the catheter signal or as an elongate vertical shape representing the catheter, the display unit being operated to indicate on the elongate vertical shape the position of the diaphragm.

Abstract: The invention relates to a coughing aid device, comprising a first-sub-assembly (1) with a ventilation group (11), an air control unit (12) and an electronic management device (13) and a second sub-assembly (2) with a mask (21), an antibacterial filter (22) and a distribution tube (23) connected to the first assembly (1). Said device is essentially characterised in that the electronic device (13) is made up of a) a storage memory for preset programmes corresponding to expectoration types by pathology type and patient profile, b) a microcontroller operating the ventilation group (11) and the air control unit (12), by means of the preset programmes contained in said storage memory, a flow sensor (16) and a pressure sensor (17) which measure the flow and pressure in real time in order to compare the same with prerecorded flow, pressure and inhaled and exhaled volume limit values and to act immediately on the means for controlling the ventilation group (11) and the air control regulation unit (12).

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying a respiratory gas to a patient within the scope of the diagnosis and/or the treatment of sleep-related breathing disorders includes an electronic signal processing device for generating a pressure control signal on the basis of indicative signals relating to the breathing activity and/or the physiological state of a person. The signal processing device comprises a signal inputting device and an extraction device for generating data field entries according to predefined signal analysis procedures. A pressure signal generator is provided for generating the pressure control signal, taking into account determined data field entries which are at least selected by the extraction device.

Abstract: One embodiment of an air flow regulating device may include a first chamber, a first one-way valve, a second chamber, and a second one-way valve. The first chamber may include an intermediate member having a tapered opening, a first hollow adaptor may be coupled to a ventilation tube for receiving air, and a second hollow adaptor may be coupled to an endotracheal tube for delivering the air to a patient. The first one-way valve may be carried within an end portion of the intermediate member. The second chamber may enclose the first chamber for configuring a hollow space therebetween. The second one-way valve may be configured between the first chamber and the second chamber for regulating a flow of the air through the tapered opening toward the hollow space, and to vibrate the air upon emerging from tapered opening.

Abstract: A securement system secures an endotracheal tube or other medical article in position upon a patient and arrests movement of the endotracheal tube. The securement system includes a retainer having a posterior facing surface, and a channel to secure the endotracheal tube. The securement system can include a member configured for placement in the patient's oral cavity and in fluid communication with an anterior side of the retainer, and a mouth securement member configured to substantially prevent movement of the retainer. Advantageously, the securement system can maintain an endotracheal tube in position upon a patient and allow a liquid to be infused into the patient's oral cavity.

Abstract: A conformable drape system is disclosed that at least partially envelops an extremity or other portion of the body, for use during surgery or for the treatment of injuries. The drape may include a drape fabric, a flexible diaphragm positioned near a boundary of the sterile field, an inlet for receiving therapeutic fluid, and an outlet for discharging the fluid. The outlet may connect to a suction source to induce a pressure gradient throughout the drape, from the inlet toward the outlet. The suction may be used to withdraw excess air from inside the drape and thereby conform the drape more closely to the surface of the body. The fabric of the drape may include one or more features to enhance or facilitate the flow and dispersal of the fluid. The drape may be used in conjunction with a holder or cradle for positioning the extremity or other portion of the body and a tourniquet for limiting circulation. A method of use is also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods for diagnosing skin lesions are disclosed. Generally, the method include topically administering an IRM compound to a treatment area for a period of time and in an amount effective to cause a visible change in the appearance of a skin lesion including, in some cases, causing subclinical lesions to become visible. Suitable IRM compounds include agonists of one or more TLRs.

Abstract: A smoking article can comprise a rod of smoking material enclosed in a wrapper wherein the wrapper is provided with a design which comprises thermoresilient material.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention provides apparatus for manufacturing a smoking article. The apparatus includes an ecreteur having at least one trimming disk configured to trim a tobacco rod for a smoking article to have at least one end region of increased tobacco density. The at least one trimming disk is further configured to trim a body region of the tobacco rod such that the body region has a variable tobacco mass per unit length, where the body region is distinct from said at least one end region of increased density.

Abstract: [Problems] To provide a method of packing fiber for artificial hair, while suppressing generation of folding mark during packaging, transportation and storage and yet preserving preferable processability and hairdressing characteristics. [Means for Solving Problems] There is provided a method of packing fiber for artificial hair, characterized by packing the artificial hair fibers in a packaging container at a filling density of no lesser than 0.1 kg/l and no more than 0.8 kg/l. Further in the packing method, the pressure of the packed artificial hair fibers applied to the top face of the packaging container is adjusted to no lesser than 0.1 kPa and no more than 8.0 kPa.

Abstract: A hat hair comb pin is provided. The hat hair comb pin is a one piece L shaped metal casted device. The lower part of the L is designed with flat prongs spaced evenly that penetrate the hair and provide a comfortable structure that rests on the head while supporting the hat. The upper part of the L shape creates distance between the inside of the hat and the hair. There is a curved appendage on the tipper part of the backside of the L shape. The extreme end of the appendage is designed to penetrate the inside brim of the hat thus securely attaching the hat hair comb pin to the hat.