Abstract: A phase locked loop (PLL) includes a detector, a charge pump, a loop filter, a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), a divider, and a frequency change module. The detector provides a phase difference based on a reference signal and a feedback signal. The charge pump provides a charge based on the phase difference. The loop filter provides a voltage based on the charge. The VCO provides an output signal based on the voltage received from the loop filter. The divider divides a frequency of the output signal by a value to provide the feedback signal. The frequency change module processes an input signal having a first frequency to provide a processed signal having a second frequency that is different from the first frequency. The frequency change module selects the input signal or the processed signal to provide as the reference signal to the detector. Changing the frequency of the reference signal can change a frequency of a spur.

Abstract: An FLL circuit having a capability of configuring a desired loop bandwidth in a short period of time is provided. An FDC 17 generates a feedback of an output signal of a VCO 15. An error detector 11 detects an error of the output signal of the VCO 15. A voltage retainer 13 retains an output of a control voltage of the VCO 15. A reference signal generator 16 generates a reference signal. An adder 14 adds the reference signal to a control voltage outputted by the voltage retainer 13. A Kv calculator 18 calculates a gain Kv of the VCO 15 based on a degree of transition of an output frequency of the VCO 15. A loop bandwidth controller 19 adjusts, based on the gain Kv of the VCO 15, a gain of a loop filter 12 to an optimum value, and configures a desired loop bandwidth.

Abstract: A Colpitts oscillator includes a tank circuit, a first transistor, and a first feedback circuit. The first transistor includes a first region, a second region, and a control region. The first region communicates with the tank circuit. The first feedback circuit communicates with the second region and the control region of the first transistor.

Abstract: Apparatus includes a single-pin input interface, which is operative to sense a voltage across a capacitor of a Resistor-Capacitor (RC) network in which the capacitor is repetitively charging and discharging so that the voltage oscillates as a function of time. A measurement circuit is coupled to measure time durations in which the capacitor is charging and in which the sensed voltage lies between first and second predefined thresholds. A clock generation circuit is coupled to generate an output clock signal having a frequency, and to adjust the frequency responsively to the measured time durations.

Abstract: A voltage reference connects to a voltage-to-current converter to generate a reference current dependent on the reference voltage. Outputs of a toggle-type flip flop connect to switching transistors controlling the reference current charging capacitors. The toggling of the flip-flop is controlled by comparing the capacitor voltages to the reference voltage, such that the toggle frequency is proportional to the time charging the capacitors. Optionally, temperature compensation data, representing a magnitude and direction rotation of the frequency versus temperature characteristic is stored and, based on a sensed temperature, retrieved to modify the reference current.

Abstract: One embodiment relates to a circuit for active loss compensation. The circuit includes a parallel inductor-capacitive (LC) tank circuit having a first single-ended output. A first adjustable capacitor, which includes a first terminal and a second terminal, is coupled to the first single-ended output. The circuit also includes a first pair of transistors having sources coupled to a first common node. One transistor of the first pair of transistors has a drain coupled to the first single-ended output and the other transistor of the first pair of transistors has a gate coupled to the second terminal of the first adjustable capacitor. Other embodiments are also disclosed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention include amplitude-modulated or polar-modulated radio frequency (RF) power amplifier circuitry, in which an envelope power supply input to an RF power amplifier is powered by a pre-distorted amplitude modulation (AM) power supply. The pre-distorted AM power supply receives an AM signal, which is then pre-distorted and amplified to provide an AM power supply signal to the RF power amplifier. The pre-distortion of the AM signal is used to improve the linearity, the efficiency, or both, of the RF power amplifier. The pre-distortion provides a feed-forward system, which may allow use of a reduced bandwidth pre-distorted AM signal to an AM power supply and a reduced bandwidth AM power supply, which may increase efficiency.

Abstract: When a microstrip line is connected with a waveguide, there is a limit to reducing the connection loss by using only a matching box. We have discovered that in a transmission mode line transducer for converting between the TEM waves of the microstrip line and the TE01 waves of the waveguide, if the cross-sections of the microstrip line and the waveguide are substantially the same size, in the case of a 50? microstrip line when the characteristic impedance of the waveguide is about 80%, i.e., 40?, the line conversion loss can be optimized. Therefore, according to the present invention, the microstrip line is connected with the waveguide using a ?/4 matching box by means of a ridged waveguide having a low impedance and a length of ?/16 or less.

Abstract: A directional coupler comprising a first connection for the inlet or outlet of a shaft, a first decoupling connection which is used to decouple a coupled shaft, a second connection for the inlet or outlet of the inlet or outlet shaft from the first connection and a second decoupling connection which is used to decouple the coupled shaft. The first connection and the first decoupling connection are connected to the internal conductor and to the external conductor of a coaxial conductor on the first connection surface thereof, by means of a first network. The second connection and the second decoupling connection are connected to the internal conductor and to the external conductor of the coaxial conductor on the second connection surface thereof, by means of a second network.

Abstract: A multiplexer circuit for CB, AM/FM, and television splits the radio and television signals, adding impedance to the split lines, and providing an amplifier upstream of the split.

Abstract: A circuit and antenna arrangement includes a diplexer having a single radio frequency input/output interface and dual feed connections with an antenna adapted for use over a plurality of frequency bands. The diplexer has a capacitance connected between the radio frequency input/output interface and the antenna, and further has an additional capacitance that is selectively one of connected or not connected in parallel with the capacitance. In one embodiment the additional capacitance may be a capacitor in series with a switch, while in another embodiment the additional capacitance may be a MEMS variable capacitor.

Abstract: A component operating with acoustic waves is described herein. The component includes a substrate having an underside subdivided into a center area and an edge area surrounding the center area on all sides. The component also includes a plurality of outer terminals in the edge area, and a plurality of inner terminals in the center area comprising at least a first inner terminal configured as a signal terminal.

Abstract: A magnetic interface circuit (100) includes a pair of channels (101, 102) and an absorb network (3). Each channel includes a 3-wire common mode choke (2) having a middle tap (21), and an isolation transformer (1) connected with the 3-wire common mode choke. The isolation transformer has a primary winding (11) and a secondary winding (12) each having a pair of first output taps (111, 121) and a first center tap (13, 14). The absorb network includes a bridge rectifying circuit (4) adapted for converting an electrical current. Each bridge rectifying circuit has a pair of input taps (45, 46) each connected with corresponding center taps of the isolation transformers, and a pair of output taps (47, 48).

Abstract: A waveguide connector is provided. The connector includes a connecting portion having a plurality of conductive convex portions that are deformable by an external force. The convex portions are formed with a height and an interval less than ¼ wavelength of a propagating electromagnetic wave to be propagated inside waveguides.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided that facilitate the formation of micro-mechanical structures and related systems on a laminated substrate. More particularly, a micro-mechanical device and a three-dimensional multiple frequency antenna are provided for in which the micro-mechanical device and antenna, as well as additional components, can be fabricated together concurrently on the same laminated substrate. The fabrication process includes a low temperature disposition process allowing for deposition of an insulator material at a temperature below the maximum operating temperature of the laminated substrate, as well as a planarization process allowing for the molding and planarizing of a polymer layer to be used as a form for a micro-mechanical device.

Abstract: A method is provided to manufacture a precise multi-pole magnetic component for using in magnetic encoders. A special layout of the circuit pattern is designed and formed on a printed circuit board (PCB). Alternate and regular magnetic field is induced according to Ampere's law after a current flowing through the circuit on the PCB. The multi-pole magnetic component with fine magnetic pole pitch is achieved by forming the high-density circuit patterns on a substrate using the PCB technology.

Abstract: An electrical component with winding conductors, particularly a transformer, includes a cooling circuit with a heat exchanging unit. Cooling elements of the heat exchanging unit can be flowed around by a first liquid, particularly seawater, thus enabling an effective exchange of the heat resulting during the operation of the electrical component. The novel electrical component is configured particularly for offshore uses wherein the electrical component is placed at different levels of a platform and thus requires only a small amount of space.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transformer, mounted on a circuit board, including a winding set having a bobbin, a primary winding and a secondary winding, wherein the primary and the secondary windings are wound on the bobbin, and the primary winding has at least a first output terminal; a magnetic core set including a first magnetic core and a second magnetic core, wherein the winding set is sandwiched in between the first and the second magnetic cores; and an insulation base including an accommodation space and at least a pin, wherein the winding set and the magnetic core set are accommodated in the accommodation space, and the first output terminal of the primary winding is connected with the pin for further electrically connecting to the circuit board.

Abstract: An electrical coil assembly utilizing a bimetallic two-piece terminal construction and a method of manufacturing same are provided. The inner terminal structure utilizes a material that aids in the touchless attachment of the fine gauge magnetic wire to the inner terminal structure. The low mass of the inner terminal structure allows for increased winding speeds during the manufacturing process. The outer terminal structure utilizes a material that provides good corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. The inner and outer terminal structures are electrically attached after the winding and electrical attachment process of the fine gauge magnetic wire. The coil and two-piece terminal connectors may then be encapsulated to provide a final electrical coil assembly.

Abstract: A transformer is provided. The transformer includes at least a high voltage coil, at least a low voltage coil and a soft-magnetic colloid element. The soft-magnetic colloid element is disposed between the high voltage coil and the low voltage coil.

Abstract: A low-resistance inductor is made from a plurality of first inter-abutting insulated electrode coil sub-segments that is coupled to a plurality of second intra-abutting insulated electrode coil sub-segments that are contiguous to the plurality of first intra-abutting coil sub-segments. The first plurality and the second plurality form an helical inductor unit cell. A process of forming the low-resistance inductor includes heat curing. A system includes a low-resistance inductor and a mounting substrate.

Abstract: A lead frame-based discrete power inductor is disclosed. The power inductor includes top and bottom lead frames, the leads of which form a coil around a single closed-loop magnetic core. The coil includes interconnections between inner and outer contact sections of the top and bottom lead frames, the magnetic core being sandwiched between the top and bottom lead frames. Ones of the leads of the top and bottom lead frames have a generally non-linear, stepped configuration such that the leads of the top lead frame couple adjacent leads of the bottom lead frame about the magnetic core to form the coil.

Abstract: The invention provides tunable embedded high frequency inductor devices. The inductor device comprises a dielectric substrate. A first conductive line is disposed on a first surface of the dielectric substrate. A second conductive line is disposed on a second surface of the dielectric substrate. An interconnection is disposed perforating the dielectric substrate and connecting the first conductive line with the second conductive line. A coupling region is defined between the first and the second conductive lines. A conductive plug connecting the first conductive line and the second line is disposed in the coupling region. Alternatively, an opening is disposed in the first and second conductive lines to tune inductance of the inductor.

Abstract: An electronic component is provided in which: impact-absorbing layers are provided so as to cover at least the corner portions of both end portions of a base which is made of an insulating mixture of ceramic and glass; a conductive film is formed so as to cover the surface of these impact-absorbing layers and the surface of the base; the portions of this conductive film which cover the surfaces of the impact-absorbing layers are formed into electrodes; and a resistance-adjusting groove is provided in an other portion of the conductive film than the portions serving as the electrodes.

Abstract: A variable resistor element comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and a variable resistor positioned between the first and second electrodes, and changing in electric resistance when a voltage pulse is applied between the both electrodes, has posed problems that it has a restriction of having to use noble metal electrodes as an electrode material and is not compatible with a conventional CMOS process. A variable resistor element using an oxynitride of transition metal element as a variable resistor exhibits a stable switching operation, is satisfactory in data retaining characteristics, and requires a small programming current. Since it does not necessarily require noble metal as an electrode material, it is high in compatibility with the existing CMOS process and easy to produce. It can be formed by a simple step of forming a variable resistor material into a film by oxidizing a lower electrode surface consisting of conductive nitride.

Abstract: A composite electronic apparatus that prevents misoperation of a remote control device and provides easy remote control operations for electronic devices is provided. When a DVD mode switching key is pressed, for example, in this composite electronic apparatus, a DVD recognition LED is turned on. When a VCR mode switching key is pressed, a VCR recognition LED is turned on. In addition, when one of action command keys is pressed, the DVD recognition LED or the VCR recognition LED indicating an operation target is turned on in accordance with information indicating a transmission mode stored until the action command key is operated.

Abstract: A receiver is adapted to receive one or more wireless signals, while also being able to provide a barrier actuation signal to a barrier operator over a signaling line. The barrier operator may then be adapted to actuate a barrier in response to receiving the barrier actuation signal. The signaling line is further used to provide power from the barrier operator to the receiver. In one embodiment, the barrier operator is a garage door opener and the signaling line is coupled to the receiver and a garage door wall button. Alternatively, the receiver may replace the garage door wall button of the barrier operator.

Abstract: A method for pipelined processing of access commands to a population of radio frequency identification (RFID) tags is provided. The method includes transmitting a first queued access command to a first tag in the population of RFID tags, transmitting a second queued access command to a second tag in the population of RFID tags, and transmitting a status request command to the first tag. The queued access command causes the first tag to perform an operation and upon completion of the operation, to suspend transaction processing. The second queued access command is transmitted while the first tag is performing the command operation. The status request command causes the first tag to resume normal processing.

Abstract: Embodiments of a pillow speaker are disclosed. In one embodiment, a pillow speaker includes a case that contains a collection of control circuitry. A wireless transmitter is operably connected to the collection of control circuitry. The wireless transmitter is configured to transmit control signals. Also included is a wired interface having at least two elongated conductors connected to the collection of control circuitry.

Abstract: A body structure of a vehicle reliably detects, with a side-collision detection sensor disposed on a pillar, a side-collision of a side door of a vehicle body against a pole and particularly a side-collision against a pole in a diagonal direction. A metal bracket that projects toward a vehicle width direction outer side is disposed on an outer side surface in a predetermined position (substantially intermediate position between a front pillar and a center pillar) of a rocker. By setting this metal bracket on the outer side of the rocker, in addition to an impact beam disposed inside a door, an acceleration (sensor G) transmitted to the side-collision detection sensor disposed inside the center pillar increases during a side-collision against a pole in a diagonal direction, so the side-collision state can be reliably and rapidly detected even at a position distant from the center pillar.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a safety-drive assistance device that can judge whether a driver recognizes an object to which a driver should pay an attention or not even if an accuracy of detecting a visual-line direction is almost equal to once degree. A traffic environment detecting unit 11 detects an object such as an automobile, a pedestrian, a road mark and a traffic signal. A watched target judging unit 12 judges a watched target among the objects, to which a driver pays attention. A visual-line direction detecting unit 13 detects a visual-line direction of a driver. A visual recognition judging unit 14 judges whether a driver visually recognizes the watched target or not, based on the watched target and a fluctuation pattern of a direction of either or both eyes of the driver. A non-safety recognition judging unit 15 judges whether a driver recognizes non-safety or not, based on the result of visual recognition judged by the visual recognition judging unit 14.

Abstract: A capacitive pressure sensor comprises a pair of conductive plates surrounding a compressible dielectric to form a capacitor. Changes in pressure create changes in the capacitance of the capacitor which in turn may be measured to determine the changes in pressure. The pressure sensor may be constructed to be temperature and centripetal force compensated so that it may be positioned in a tire. A further embodiment uses the conductive plates to form a radiating element for the sensor such that it may wirelessly communicate with a remote interrogator.

Abstract: A tire pressure monitor system tool is capable of communicating with a plurality of tire pressure monitor systems. The tool includes a storing module that stores a plurality of communication protocols that are used for enabling the tool to communicate with a tire pressure monitor system. The tool enables a user to input the parts number of a sensor used by the vehicle having a tire pressure monitor system. Based on the vehicle data input and/or the parts number, the tool determines a tire pressure monitor system installed on the vehicle using information stored by the tool. Based on the tire pressure monitor system installed on the vehicle, the tool determines a protocol used by the tire pressure monitor system to communicate with, for example, the tool and an electronic control unit of a vehicle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a monitoring system for vehicle wheels and a wireless measurement module. The wireless measurement module is configured to be attached to a vehicle wheel and comprises: an acceleration measurement unit for determining acceleration information associated with wheel motion of the vehicle; a state determination unit for determining a value of at least one parameter characterizing a characteristic or state of the vehicle wheel by using the acceleration information; and a module communication unit for communicating the value of said at least one parameter by means of a wireless communication signal.

Abstract: A system and method for providing synergistic alert condition processing in an automated patient management system is presented. An alert condition is classified along a continuum that includes adverse outcome potential versus medical intervention impact potential. The alert condition is managed by assigning a disposition based on relative placement of the alert condition along the continuum. An alert notification is communicated over a selectable mode of communications and is conditioned upon the assigned disposition being actionable.

Abstract: A method of controlling a child motion device includes the steps of determining data indicative of motion of the child motion device, and controlling an audio output of the child motion device in accordance with the data. In some cases, the controlling step includes the step of modulating the audio output in accordance with the data. For example, the modulating step may involve applying a modulation effect to an audio track available to the child motion device.

Abstract: The electronic tag of the present invention is mounted under the door holder on the front and right side of the container and the lock bolt on the electronic tag is inserted into the holes of the container door handle and the door seal turnover panel. The lock cap screws to the lock bolt tightly, so that the lock bolt can not be pulled out from the electronic tag. The electronic tag adopts RFID technique, GPS satellite positing and identifying technique and un-touching approach switch door seal technique. When the lock cap screws onto the lock bolt, the door closing information is recorded; when the lock cap screws out from the lock bolt, the door opening information is recorded. The present invention identifies, reads and writes the freight information, logistics information, door seal information of the container through the electronic tag in an un-touching manner. The electronic tag has large storage volume, long life span, and good security.

Abstract: The present invention provides a solution to mistaken location calculations based on multipath effects. The present invention utilizes tags attached to objects that transmit signals at various power levels for reception by sensors stationed throughout a facility. Sensor readings at the various power levels are utilized to determine the location of the tagged object.

Abstract: In some embodiments, techniques for processing an alert may include receiving a specification of a first location, creating an alert, associating the first location with the alert, determining a first current location as a second location, wherein determining the second location follows receiving the specification of the first location and precedes determining a third location, determining that the second location does not match the specification of the first location, determining a second current location as the third location, determining that the third location matches the specification of the first location, and presenting information relating to the alert.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and system for altering settings on portable electronic devices based upon the surrounding sounds. The system and method create a series of improvements in electronic devices that enable a person to have a greater possibility to hear their name being called, important signals or emergency vehicles while using their electronic devices are in use by the instant user. An example embodiment (i) provides at least one sensor connected to a portable device, each sensor detecting surrounding sounds; (ii) recognizing a specific sound among the surrounding sounds by the at least one sensor by matching the specific sound to one of a plurality of reference sounds; and (iii) altering settings of the portable device from a first setting to a second setting, in a first event the specific sound matches with one of the plurality of reference sounds.

Abstract: A method for implementing program execution integrity (PEI) for a communication-based sensor includes receiving an output communication message from the sensor, the output communication message including sensor output data internally processed within the sensor. The output communication message further includes raw data used by the sensor in internally processing the sensor output data. The raw data is independently processed, and the results thereof are compared with the internally processed sensor output data so as to verify the processing integrity of the sensor to a desired tolerance.

Abstract: In a movie projection system, a switch circuit is disposed on a door of a case in which a video server is disposed. A tamper detector detects a state of the door as to whether the door is open or not and a state of the switch circuit as to whether the switch circuit has been tampered with or not, on the basis of an output signal provided by the switch circuit. A projecting operation controller controls the operation of the movie projection system such that when the door is detected to be in the open state or the switch circuit is detected to have been tampered with, the projecting operation controller stops inputting and outputting video data to or from the video server.

Abstract: A passive microwave receiver array, operating in the one meter to sub-millimeter wavelengths range and including an internationally protected range of frequencies of varying bandwidth, may be used for fire and intrusion detection. One or more receiver array can be used to provide a plurality of frequency ranges that can be detected. In an interior installation, one or more receiver array can be placed inside a wall. In other embodiments, the receiver and array can be in the form of a hand-held or wearable device. This method and apparatus achieves high performance by exploiting conventional low noise amplification block conversion circuits and provides the detection of thermal signals through clear, smoky, misty, or environmentally untenable conditions as well as the detection of fire and intrusion events through a non-metallic wall.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to systems that use frequency selective surfaces (FSS) to aid in the operation of radio frequency identification (RFID) devices and products. In one embodiment, a system for interrogating radio frequency identification (RFID) tags includes a conveyor belt and an RFID reader. The conveyor belt has a first surface and a second surface. The first surface is configured to receive an item to which an RFID tag is affixed and the second surface is configured to slide on a metal slide plate. The RFID reader is configured to transmit instructions embodied in a radio frequency (RF) signal to the RFID tag, wherein the metal slide plate is positioned between the RFID reader and the RFID tag and comprises a frequency selective surface that is substantially transparent to the RF signal.

Abstract: An antenna web can include an RFID antenna on a first side of a substrate. An adhesive can be laminated on a second side of the substrate. The antenna web can then be cut into individual segments for use in constructing an RFID label.

Abstract: The present invention provides an intermediate attachment mechanism, called a powerposer (10), which includes at least one power source (16) coupled to an integrated circuit (14), at least one integrated circuit, which is arranged to store a code comprising information and powered with energy provided by the power source and a substrate (12) on which the at least one power source and the at least one integrated circuit are disposed, and wherein the substrate comprises connection means (22) for connecting to an application device and attachment means for attaching to the application device. Further, the present invention provides a battery assisted or active RFID transponder featuring a transponder substrate, at least one antenna disposed on the transponder substrate and a powerposer disposed on the transponder substrate. Still further the present invention provides methods of production of a powerposer and an active or battery assisted RFID transponder comprising a powerposer.

Abstract: The invention is a system for remotely identifying sound amplification devices and other electronic devices. This system introduces the ability for sound technicians to remotely identify which electronic devices have entered the stage or performance area. The system includes an identification tags, visual markers, sensors, receiver, and monitor. Remote identification can be achieved through RFID (radio frequency identification) or Line of sight (like infrared). Using directional sensors or sensors of adjustable sensitivity.

Abstract: A data carrier (2) comprises a data circuit (4) arranged on a substrate (3) and data transmission unit (10) being connected to the data circuit (4). The data carrier (2) further comprises at least one strain gauge unit (7) being adapted to measure strains exerted on the substrate (3) and to transmit a deactivating signal (DE) to the data circuit (4) if the measured strains exceed a defined deactivating strain threshold. If the data circuit (4) receives the deactivating signal (DE), the data circuit (4) interrupts a data exchange with an external data reader/writer (1) via the data transmission unit (10).

Abstract: Provided are a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag and a wake-up method thereof. The RFID tag includes: a power source that supplies a driving voltage; a continuous wave detector that receives the driving voltage from the power supply so as to detect a continuous wave in a signal received from an RFID tag reader; a command detector that selectively receives the driving voltage and detects a command in the signal; and a controller that executes the command detected by the command detector by supplying the driving voltage to the command detector if the continuous wave is detected, and stops the driving voltage from being supplied to the command detector if no command is received from the command detector for a predetermined time period.

Abstract: An adjustable radio frequency data communications device has a monolithic semiconductor integrated circuit with integrated circuitry, interrogation receiving circuitry provided on the monolithic integrated circuit forming at least part of the integrated circuitry and configured to receive an interrogation signal from the interrogator unit, an antenna electrically coupled to the interrogation receiving circuitry and configured to communicate with the remote interrogator unit, a power source electrically coupled to the integrated circuitry and configured to generate operating power for the communications device, and at least one of the antenna and the interrogation receiving circuitry having reconfigurable electrical characteristics, the electrical characteristics being reconfigurable to selectively tune the at least one of the antenna and the interrogation receiving circuitry within a range of tuned and detuned states to realize a desired receiver sensitivity of the communications device.