Abstract: Communication nodes, acting as intermediate routers for communication packets transmitted between a source node and a destination node, are provided with different access rights to the fields of the routed communication packets. Routes of intermediate routers between the source node and the destination node are discovered and the identities of intermediate routers on the discovered routes are collected. The aggregate trust levels of the intermediate routers are computed allowing the most trusted route to be selected. Encryption keys are securely distributed to intermediate routers on the most trusted route based on the trust level of the intermediate routers and fields of the communication packets are encrypted with encryption keys corresponding to the assigned trust level. Intermediated nodes are thereby prevented from accessing selected fields of the communication packets.

Abstract: An embodiment may include a system having a communication unit and a processing unit. The communication unit may be configured to receive an encrypted private value of a party, the encrypted private value being generated from a private value with a public-key encryption system and a public key, to send an encrypted blinded result to the party, and to receive a blinded result generated from the encrypted blinded result. The processing unit may be configured to compute a result of a function, the function having as input the private value, to blind the result of the function to generate the encrypted blinded result, and to compute the result by unblinding the blinded result.

Abstract: Methods, a client node and a key server node are provided for distributing from the key server node, and acquiring at the client node, self-healing encryption keys. The client node and the key server node are part of a key distribution network that comprises a plurality of client nodes. An encryption key is obtained from a combination of a forward key with a backward key, wherein the backward key is distributed at a time separated from the time of the forward key by a self-healing period. The forward and backward keys are updated in a multicast rekey message, at a given time, encrypted by an encryption key defined for a previous time. Optionally, when a sibling of the client node joins or leaves the key distribution network, a unicast rekey message is used to renew the forward and backward keys at the client node.

Abstract: A parameter representation of a multi-channel signal having several original channels includes a parameter set, which, when used together with at least one down-mix channel allows a multi-channel reconstruction. An additional level parameter is calculated such that an energy of the at least one downmix channel weighted by the level parameter is equal to a sum of energies of the original channels. The additional level parameter is transmitted to a multi-channel reconstructor together with the parameter set or together with a down-mix channel. An apparatus for generating a multi-channel representation uses the level parameter to correct the energy of the at least one transmitted down-mix channel before entering the down-mix signal into an up-mixer or within the up-mixing process.

Abstract: A connecting node in a first sub-network system reserves a transmission channel in a connecting network, reads waveform data having a designated signal name from a TL frame in the first sub-network system, and writes the read waveform data into the reserved transmission channel in a TL frame in the connecting network, and a connecting node in a second sub-network system reserves a transmission channel in the second sub-network system, reads the waveform data having the designated signal name from the TL frame in the connecting network, and writes the read waveform data into the reserved transmission channel in a TL frame in the second sub-network system.

Abstract: An angle-dependent operating device and method for obtaining a pseudo-stereophonic audio signals, such as through the parameterization of a fictitious opening angle ?+?, where ? is the fictitious left-hand opening angle (situated to the left of the principal axis of the monophonic audio signal to be stereophonized), and ? is the fictitious right-hand opening angle (situated to the right of the principal axis of the monophonic audio signal to be stereophonized), where it may be that ???. This is provided for the situation of fictitious opening angles ?+? which are asymmetric with respect to the principal axis of the monophonic audio signal to be stereophonized.

Abstract: Controlling a multimedia software application using high-level metadata features and symbolic object labels derived from an audio source, wherein a first-pass of low-level signal analysis is performed, followed by a stage of statistical and perceptual processing, followed by a symbolic machine-learning or data-mining processing component is disclosed. This multi-stage analysis system delivers high-level metadata features, sound object identifiers, stream labels or other symbolic metadata to the application scripts or programs, which use the data to configure processing chains, or map it to other media. Embodiments of the invention can be incorporated into multimedia content players, musical instruments, recording studio equipment, installed and live sound equipment, broadcast equipment, metadata-generation applications, software-as-a-service applications, search engines, and mobile devices.

Abstract: An audio quality estimation apparatus includes an audio packet loss frequency calculation unit (11) which, when at least one audio packet to be assessed exists in singly or continuously generated IP packet losses, calculates an audio packet loss frequency based on information of received IP packets by counting the packet losses as an audio packet loss of one time regardless of the continuous length, an average influence time calculation unit (12) which calculates, based on information of received IP packets, an average influence time serving as an average time during which audio quality is influenced when the audio packet loss frequency is 1, and a subjective quality assessment value estimation unit (22) which estimates a subjective quality assessment value based on the audio packet loss frequency and average influence time.

Abstract: A method of deriving individual gain compensation curves for hearing aid fitting includes providing a system that detects, measures and records head azimuth for sound direction affirmation by a patient and provides a plurality of audio signals through a plurality of test sequences to the ears of the patient, including establishing a comfortable listening level of the patient, establishing binaural balance for right and left ars, establishing loudness discomfort levels of the patient, establishing thresholds-of-hearing levels of the patient and generating a binaurally balanced measurement array of measured equal-loudness levels and measured thresholds-of-hearing levels for both left and right ears.

Abstract: On an active noise controller, an adjustment reference signal generator generates an adjustment reference signal Sra by reading the waveform data sequentially at a read location shifted by a given amount from a read location for a reference signal Sr with respect to the waveform data at a reference signal generator. A one-tap adaptive filter generates a control signal Scp by multiplying the adjustment reference signal Sra by a filter factor W. A gain controller outputs a compensation control signal Sca generated by multiplying the control signal Scp by gain G. A speaker outputs the compensation control signal Sca as a cancellation sound.

Abstract: A method for processing an audio signal is disclosed. The method for processing an audio signal includes frequency-transforming an audio signal to generate a frequency-spectrum, deciding a weighting per band corresponding to energy per band using the frequency spectrum, receiving a masking threshold based on a psychoacoustic model, applying the weighting to the masking threshold to generate a modified masking threshold, and quantizing the audio signal using the modified masking threshold.

Abstract: An IO3 that is a connecting node reads waveform data from respective regions, in a TL frame circulated in a first sub-network system, corresponding to transmission channels allocated to any node belonging to the first sub-network system and writes the read waveform data into the regions, in a TL frame circulated in a second sub-network system, corresponding to the same transmission channels, and reads waveform data from regions, in the TL frame circulated in the second sub-network system, corresponding to the transmission channels allocated to any node constituting the second sub-network system and writes the read waveform data into the regions, in the TL frame circulated in the first sub-network system, corresponding to the same transmission channels.

Abstract: An apparatus estimates the direction of a sound source from signals plural microphones capture sound to produce. Data are stored on reverse characteristics of spatial transfer functions defined on sound transmitted from sound source positions to the respective microphones. To the signal produced by each microphone, applied are the reverse characteristics of the spatial transfer functions thus stored in connection with that microphone with respect to the sound source positions to thereby estimate a sound source signal on a sound source position associated with the sound captured. Between the sound source signals estimated on the sound source positions associated with the sounds captured by the microphones, coincidence or higher correlation is found on a sound source position to thereby produce information on at least the direction of the sound source thus found.

Abstract: There is provided an information processing apparatus including microphones, a parameter setting unit, and an audio signal processing unit. At least one pair of the microphones are provided, and the microphone picks up external audio to convert the external audio into an audio signal. The parameter setting unit sets a processing parameter specifying at least the sensitivity of the microphone according to at least an instruction from a user. Based on the processing parameter, the audio signal processing unit applies processing, including beamforming processing, to the audio signal input from the microphone.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for calibrating gain difference between microphones included in a microphone array are provided. In the gain calibrating apparatus, weights for each frequency component of the acoustic signals, which have been converted into the signals in the frequency domain are calculated. The weights are used to calibrate the acoustic signals such that the plurality of acoustic signals each have the same amplitude while the acoustic signals maintain their individual phase. The amplitudes of the acoustic signals are calibrated by use of the calculated weights. The gain calibrating apparatus calibrates gain in real time while calculating weights for frequency components of the frame of acoustic signals in real time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sound source separation and display method and a system thereof, and provides in particular a sound source separation and display method and a system thereof that are intended to eliminate a specific sound source. In order to separate a plurality of sound sources by using a single set of microphone array, the result of processing of sound source identification is utilized. More specifically, a signal in a direction is extracted from the result of the processing of the sound source identification, and a field limited to/eliminated of the effect of the signal is calculated and displayed. Such an operation can be repeated. A virtual reference signal can be created in a time domain.

Abstract: Amplitude of an audio input may be dynamically controlled within a predefined range of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) threshold voltage. In one embodiment, an analog audio signal having a first voltage amplitude may be received by an amplifier. The analog audio signal may be amplified based on a gain control signal and converted to digital audio data by the ADC. The difference of the first voltage amplitude and the threshold voltage of the ADC may be determined and a gain control signal can be adjusted for the amplifier based, at least in part, on the difference in the first voltage amplitude and the threshold voltage of the ADC. The received analog audio signal characterized by a second voltage amplitude can be output.

Abstract: System and method for muting an output terminal of an electronic device. In one embodiment, the process for can include receiving one or more signals received by the controller over the first terminal, detecting a mute control signal from the controller and controlling the state of a switch coupled to the output terminal to ground the output terminal based on detecting the mute control signal.

Abstract: There is provided a capacitor microphone comprising a microphone capsule (100), which has an at least partially electrically conductive diaphragm (110) and a counterelectrode (120) associated therewith. The counterelectrode (120) has a printed circuit board (21) having a carrier of an insulating material (121a) and at least one electrically conductive surface (121b).

Abstract: A digital mixer includes a MO switch and a MO fader in a signal transmission route from each input channel to a bus of a MIX_MINUS type, a signal of the input channel is supplied to the MIX bus without control on its level when the MO switch is OFF, while being supplied to the MIX bus after being controlled on its level by the MOL fader when the MO switch is ON. When the MO switch is changed from OFF to ON, a level adjustment amount by the MOL fader is set to a value so that a signal passing therethrough comes to have zero level.

Abstract: A dual backplate MEMS microphone system includes a flexible diaphragm sandwiched between two single-crystal silicon backplates. Such a MEMS microphone system may be formed by fabricating each backplate in a separate wafer, and then transferring one backplate from its wafer to the other wafer, to form two separate capacitors with the diaphragm.

Abstract: A MEMS microphone has 1) a backplate with a backplate interior surface and a plurality of through-holes, and 2) a diaphragm spaced from the backplate. The diaphragm is movably coupled with the backplate to form a variable capacitor. At least two of the through-holes have an inner dimensional shape (on the backplate interior surface) with a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of concave portions.

Abstract: Provided are a piezoelectric micro speaker and a method of manufacturing the same. The piezoelectric micro speaker includes: a substrate having a cavity therein; a diaphragm that is disposed on the substrate, the diaphragm including a vibrating membrane that overlaps the cavity; a piezoelectric actuator that is disposed on the vibrating membrane; and a weight that is disposed in the cavity and attached to a center portion of the vibrating membrane.

Abstract: An electrostatic speaker is constituted of a diaphragm and an electrode which are disposed opposite to and/or slightly distanced from each other. A first conductive layer is formed on a first surface of the diaphragm whilst a second conductive layer is formed on a second surface of the diaphragm, wherein the first surface is disposed opposite to the second surface. A holding member or installation equipment holds a holding region formed at a predetermined position of the main body of an electrostatic speaker. The first conductive layer is formed on the first surface of the diaphragm while circumventing the holding region, and the second conductive layer is formed on the second surface of the electrode while circumventing the holding region. A through-hole can be formed to run through the diaphragm and electrode in the holding region of an electrostatic speaker.

Abstract: An electrostatic speaker is constituted of upper/lower electrodes, upper/lower cushion materials, and a diaphragm. Cutouts are formed in the upper/lower electrodes, upper/lower cushion materials, and diaphragm, wherein they are shifted in position such that a part of the diaphragm and a part of the lower electrode are exposed and seen through those cutouts to horizontally adjoin in the cutout of the upper electrode. The electrostatic speaker is driven via a clip having electrodes in response to audio signals, wherein drive voltages are applied to each of the upper/lower electrodes and the diaphragm.

Abstract: Disclosed herein, among other things, are methods and apparatus for wireless electronics using a MEMS device for a hearing assistance device. The present application relates to a hearing assistance device configured to be worn by a wearer, including: a housing for electronics of the hearing assistance device, including wireless electronics, the wireless electronics including one or more MEMS devices; and a hearing assistance processor adapted to process signals for the wearer of the hearing assistance device. In various embodiments, the one or more MEMS devices include a plurality of MEMS resonators In various embodiments, the hearing assistance device includes one or more microphones and the hearing assistance processor is adapted to perform hearing aid signal processing of signals received from the one or more microphones. In various embodiments, the processed signals produce a signal to be played by the receiver. Different configurations and approaches are provided.

Abstract: A hearing aid has a suspension portion received in the wearer's concha bowl and an electronics portion. The suspension portion is formed of a flexible rubbery material, while the electronics portion includes a shell formed of a rigid plastic material. The suspension portion is provided as a ring having an annulus, and bears off a tragus contact area, an antitragus contact area and an antihelix contact area to support the receiver in a suspended, cantilevered position within the ear canal. The microphone can be within the flexible ring housing portion. The hearing aid makes much more comfortable contact with the concha bowl.

Abstract: A system and method provides optimization of the strength and orientation of the inductive field of a hearing aid compatible (“HAC”) device, relative to a telecoil in a user's hearing aid. One aspect provides control of the drive level of a transmitting telecoil contained in the HAC device. Other aspects provide steering of the inductive field of the device by using a telecoil array and controlling the amplitude or phase of the signals transmitted by each telecoil in the array to create a composite field. Another aspect provides a plurality of transmitting telecoils arranged such that each telecoil has a different orientation, and a plurality of switches for controlling which transmitting telecoil is active. The user may then select the telecoil having a preferred orientation. Another aspect allows a transmitting telecoil to be physically oriented to an optimal position by embedding the telecoil in a substantially spherical element.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a main body, a speaker, and a supporting component. The speaker is disposed in the main body. The supporting component supports the main body. The supporting component combines with the main body, and a flat surface connected between the main body and the supporting component to form a triangular resonant space for the speaker.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a waterproof speaker and audio system that can be worn in one or more holding pockets in a wetsuit, neoprene collar, or other garment, the waterproof speaker and audio system has one or more components, a first component having one or more of the following: a transmitter unit, speaker, amplifier, digital audio file storage space (for example, MP3 or Windows Media Audio file), rechargeable battery, one or more buttons, one or more input and output ports such as a universal serial bus (USB) port for charging the battery and file transfer, one or more LED lights to indicate battery charge, a screen to provide audio file information including track number, and an FM and AM radio, and a second component designed to work in connection with the first component having one or more of the following: an amplifier, rechargeable battery, speaker, receiver, and one or more control buttons.

Abstract: A MEMS microphone package is disclosed. The MEMS microphone package comprises a housing, a MEMS die and an ASIC chip. The housing includes a base, a sidewall extending from the base, and a cover supported by the sidewall for forming a receiving space. The housing defines an acoustic hole for receiving external sound waves. The MEMS die is accommodated in the housing and the MEMS die defines a plurality of first conductive pads. The ASIC chip is accommodated in the housing and the ASIC chip defines a plurality of second conductive pads.

Abstract: A wireless microphone for vehicles includes a housing, an audio plug extending from one end of the housing, a wireless transmitter within the housing, a transducer within the housing, the transducer being electrically connected to the transmitter, and a wireless receiver within the housing, the receiver being electrically connected to the plug, wherein the plug is configured to plug into an auxiliary input on a vehicle audio unit and thereby mechanically support the microphone.

Abstract: A portable sound box includes a main body and a clip. The main body includes a battery for supplying power to the portable sound box. Thus, the portable sound box can supply power on its own. The clip is fixed to the main body and configured for clipping to an external object. Thus, the portable sound box can attached to the external object instead of standing on a surface.

Abstract: A bobbin includes a carbon nanotube film structure and an amorphous carbon structure. The carbon nanotube film structure defines a number of micropores therein. The amorphous carbon structure is composited with the carbon nanotube structure. The amorphous carbon structure comprises a number of amorphous carbon particles received in the micropores.

Abstract: A micro speaker includes a substrate having a cavity formed therein, a diaphragm formed on the substrate overlapping the cavity. The diaphragm includes a first vibration membrane formed in a first area corresponding to a center portion of the cavity and a second vibration membrane formed in a second area corresponding to an edge portion of the cavity and formed of material different from that used for the first vibration membrane. A piezoelectric actuator is formed including a first electrode layer formed on the first vibration membrane, a piezoelectric layer formed on the first electrode layer, and a second electrode layer formed on the piezoelectric layer, and first and second curved lead wires, respectively connected to the first and second electrode layers across the second area, which are symmetrical to the center of the piezoelectric actuator.

Abstract: The invention provides a speaker damper (50) which can realize improvement of the productivity of a dynamic speaker (1), and a speaker (1) including the speaker damper. In the damper (50), lead portions (52) for guiding voice coil lead wires (21b) to external connection terminals (30) while laying the lead wires on one surface is disposed, and the process of laying the voice coil lead wires (21b) by means of forming is realized not in the air of the interior of a frame (60), but on one surfaces of the lead portions (52).

Abstract: A diaphragm includes carbon nanotube wire structures. The carbon nanotube wire structures are crossed with each other and woven together to form the diaphragm with a sheet structure. Each of the carbon nanotube wire structures includes carbon nanotube wires substantially parallel to each other, and closely arranged along an axis of the carbon nanotube wire structure to form a bundle-like structure, or carbon nanotube wires twisted with each other around an axis of the carbon nanotube wire structure in a helical manner to form a twisted structure. A loudspeaker using the diaphragm is also disclosed.

Abstract: To be precisely extracted a house footprint. There is provided a geospatial information creating system for extracting a footprint of a house from an aerial photograph, comprising a processor for executing a program, a memory for storing data required for executing the program, and a storage unit for storing the aerial photograph. The processor detects edges of an image based on a characteristic quantity of neighboring pixels in the aerial photograph stored in the storage unit; extracts an orientation of the house by analyzing directions of the detected edges; and generates a polygon of an outline of the house by using linear lines of the extracted orientation of the house.

Abstract: A method for recording automatic call distributor calls includes receiving from a caller a call for distribution to one of a plurality of agents and distributing the call to a first agent of the plurality of agents for handling. The method includes creating a call signature associated with the call for recording verification and recording communications of the call to a recording file. The method also includes embedding the call signature in the recording file.

Abstract: A method for automatically retrieving interaction information between objects, including: with a server, transforming a first image and a second image submitted to said server from a source into first and second sets of parameters, respectively; searching a database for an interaction relationship between the first and second images using the first and second sets of parameters; and returning a representation of the interaction relationship to the source.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, computer readable medium storing computer readable instructions are disclosed for processing volumetric image data. According to the method, 3-dimensional data points are collected. A plurality of 2-dimensional image maps is obtained from the 3-dimensional data points. At least one of the plurality of 2D image maps is extracted to form at least one image frame. A frame gallery is created from the at least one image frame.

Abstract: A graphics-aided geodesic device is provided. The device may include a display, camera, distance meter, GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System, including GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo) receiver and antenna, and horizon sensors. Data from the camera and horizon sensors may be displayed to assist the user in positioning the device over a point of interest. In one example, the distance meter may be used to determine the position of the point of interest. In another example, images of the point of interest taken from multiple locations may be used to determine the position of the point of interest.

Abstract: The lens shift measuring apparatus calculates a position of a predetermined portion of a frame body, on the basis of an imaging result obtained by imaging reflected light from the frame body, in a state in which light is irradiated onto a lens-attached member having a lens and the frame body to hold the lens, such that the reflected light from the frame body is generated, and calculates a position of a focusing spot, on the basis of an imaging result obtained by imaging light transmitted through the lens, in a state in which the light is irradiated onto the lens-attached member, such that the focusing spot formed by focusing the light transmitted through the lens by the lens is generated, and calculates a shift amount of the position of the focusing spot with respect to the predetermined portion as the shift of the lens.

Abstract: Motion information generated by comparing one or more instances of clinical volume data may be used in a variety of applications. Examples of applications described herein include filtering volume data and adjusting voxel intensity based on the motion information. Motion information may also be used to compress volume data. Combinations of these effects may also be achieved.

Abstract: An image processing system with ambient sensing capability includes an image sensing device and an ambient sensing device. The image sensing device is used for sensing a scene to generate original image data. The ambient sensing device is coupled to the image sensing device, for analyzing a part of the original image data to generate an ambient sensing result.

Abstract: An image inspection apparatus includes a pre-printed element reduction section that reduces influence of a pre-printed element on inspection and generates an inspection object image, and a comparative inspection section that compares the inspection object image with the additionally-recorded data, to inspect a performance level of a result of overprinting. Captured image data of the pre-printed paper image and the overprinted image is given to the pre-printed element reduction section. By using the captured image data of the pre-printed paper image, the pre-printed element reduction section reduces the pre-printed element included in the captured image data of the overprinted image and newly prepares the inspection object image.

Abstract: An image classifying device comprises: a pathway data input unit for inputting a plurality of pathway data, the pathway data including person information, pathway information that is continuous location information, date information and time information; an image data input unit for inputting image data which contains imaging date/time information; a pathway data comparison unit for comparing the pathway data; an event date/time decision unit for determining an occurrence of an event and the date/time of the event based on a comparison result; and an image data classifying unit for classifying image data containing the imaging date/time information corresponding to the determined date/time of event as event image corresponding to the determined date/time of the event, the event date/time decision unit determining the occurrence of event based on a difference in the location information corresponding to a time when the time information of the compared pathway data agree.

Abstract: A system and method for generating compact iris representations based on a database of iris images includes providing full-length iris codes for iris images in a database, where the full-length iris code includes a plurality of portions corresponding to circumferential rings in an associated iris image. Genuine and imposter score distributions are computed for the full-length iris codes, and code portions are identified that have a contribution that provides separation between imposter and genuine distributions relative to a threshold. A correlation between remaining code portions is measured. a subset of code portions having low correlations within the subset is generated to produce a compact iris representation.

Abstract: A system and method for performing an identity search in a database of iris images for a probe iris image includes generating a full-length iris code and a compact iris code for iris images in a database, and generating a full-length iris code and a compact iris code for a probe iris image. The compact iris code for the probe image is scored against all compact iris codes in the database. A fraction of the database is retained based on score data. The full length iris code for the probe image is scored against all the full length iris codes in the retained portion of the database.

Abstract: A method of processing a digital image using face detection within the image achieves one or more desired image processing parameters. A group of pixels is identified that correspond to an image of a face within the digital image. Default values are determined of one or more parameters of at least some portion of the digital image. Values are adjusted of the one or more parameters within the digitally-detected image based upon an analysis of the digital image including the image of the face and the default values.