Abstract: A container dispensing device is provided having a storage mode and a dispensing mode wherein a pouring spout comprising a threaded first end, an angled configured second end, having an exterior engaging mechanism, positioned and functioning at all times inside both a draw sleeve having an interior engaging mechanism, and a first cap opening. Said draw sleeve is positioned directly above an exterior threaded upper extension of said first cap, which remains attached at all times to said container by a first engaging mechanism. The exterior of said draw sleeve, housed inside a second cap, is kept dry in said storage mode, on an upper side by a seal positioned therein, and on a lower side by a multi-functional seal secured to a top edge of said upper extension of said first cap. Conversion of said dispensing device from said storage mode to said dispensing mode, requires handling only a dry exterior surface of said second cap and said draw sleeve.

Abstract: An unbonded loosefill insulation system configured to provide blown loosefill insulation material is provided. The system includes a blowing insulation machine configured to condition and distribute loosefill insulation from a package of compressed loosefill insulation. The blowing insulation machine is further configured to have pre-set and fixed operating parameters. An unbonded loosefill insulation material is configured for use with the blowing insulation machine. The pre-set and fixed operating parameters of the blowing insulation machine are tuned to combine with the unbonded loosefill insulation materials to provide blown loosefill insulation material having specific insulative values.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to droppers that can be used at nighttime or in low-light conditions.

Abstract: A dental mixing device (10) is provided for generating a multi-component material (11) by squeezing out and mixing the components of the multi-component material (11) from at least one first (20, 20?) and one second cartridge (30, 30?). The first cartridge (20, 20?) and the second cartridge (30, 30?) are arranged in the dental mixing device (10) such as to be replaceable. The mixing device has a first (21) and a second feed line (31) for guiding the components respectively from the first cartridge (20, 20?) and the second cartridge (30, 30?) into a mixer (40) and has a motorized advancer (50) for squeezing the components from the first (20, 20?) and the second cartridge (30, 30?). At least the first cartridge (20, 20?) is a unit-dose package and has a first volume between 20 ml and 60 ml.

Abstract: Capsule (10) for two or more components of a material which are to be mixed together, comprising a cartridge (11) comprising an outlet (12), a first component chamber (13) for containing a first component, and a second component chamber (14) for containing a second component, the two chambers (13, 14) opening into the outlet (12); and a piston (15) which at least with its front end sits in the cartridge (11), lies with its rear end outside the component chambers (13, 14) and, when it is pushed forwards, presses the two components out of their component chambers (13, 14).

Abstract: A water dispensing device includes a main tank which has a water intake disposed thereon for adopted to connect to an outer water supply. The main tank has a diverting hole defined therein. A first water valve is disposed in the diverting hole. A second tank is received in the main tank. The second tank has a water inlet defined therein. The water inlet is connected to the diverting hole such that water stored in the main tank flow from the second tank to the water inlet. A second water valve is disposed on the water inlet and abutted against the first water valve to abut against the first water valve for communicating the water inlet with the first water valve.

Abstract: A recirculation loop for a beverage dispensing system. The beverage dispensing system has a fluid supply, a cold plate, a valve/manifold assembly, and a bar gun connected to the valve/manifold assembly. The recirculation loop draws off fluid being carried from the cold plate to the valve/manifold assembly and, having a pump as part thereof, pumps some of that fluid to a point just upstream of the cold plate. In this manner, the recirculation loop keeps fluid cool, even when the bar gun is not dispensing beverages therefrom, for long periods of time. That is, the pump runs independent of the bar gun and is typically on all the time, so that fluid in the line from the cold plate to the valve/manifold assembly stays chilled.

Abstract: A device for applying a cosmetic or care product, having an electric motor rotating an eccentric mass in order to produce vibrations on an applicator member, the motor having a metallic disc-shaped casing.

Abstract: A device includes a first part having a co-molded first support, valve cover and elastic actuator, and a second part having an injection molded second support, valve seat, and variable-volume storage chamber pre-form. The pre-form is blow molded into a flexible pouch defining the variable-volume storage chamber. The one-way valve includes a semi-annular, curvilinear, relatively rigid valve seat defining axially-extending, opposing first marginal portions, and an axially-extending first mid-portion angularly extending between the opposing first marginal portions. A flexible valve member is superimposed on the valve seat and defines axially-extending, opposing second marginal portions fixedly secured on or adjacent to respective first marginal portions of the valve seat, and an axially-extending second mid-portion angularly extending between the opposing first marginal portions and superimposed onto the first mid-portion of the valve seat.

Abstract: A dispenser of fluid products includes a ring nut (2) able to be associated to a container of a fluid product and a substantially hollow dispensing head, able to slide coaxially relative to the ring nut (2); the dispensing head (8) includes a dosing chamber (14) obtained within the dispensing head (8) and a dispensing nozzle (12) to allow the outflow of the fluid product; the dosing chamber (14) has a containment volume variable between a configuration of maximum volumetric capacity when the dosing chamber (14) is isolated and a configuration of minimum volumetric capacity; the dispenser further includes a deformable membrane (15) fastened to the ring nut (2) and a deformable disc-shaped body (16) fastened to the dispensing head (8) and defining the dosing chamber (14) in combination with the membrane (15).

Abstract: Fluid discharge head having a discharge nozzle (5) which has a discharge opening (6) in which an inner sleeve (7) is arranged, which has a medium duct (8) and holds a spring-loaded valve body (10) automatically closing the discharge opening (6), the valve body (10) being formed as a cylindrical piston, which can be displaced axially in a cylinder chamber (12) formed by the inner sleeve (7), an upper (14) and a lower valve seat (15) being provided for the piston ends (16, 17), and the valve body (10) having an intermediate valve plate (18), which forms a chamber bottom of a pressure chamber (19) connected to the medium duct (8), and, in order to open the upper valve seat (14), a medium discharge pressure which is higher than a spring force holding the valve body (10) closed can be set in the pressure chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to building a rucksack. The bag is made of first material panels, notably fabric, complementary panels made in at least one other material being laid out on the bag. Assembling devices are laid out between the first panels so as to form housings which are all grouped together and into which are introduced the complementary panels and a single and unique cuttable border closing the housings; severing of the cuttable border allows the housings to be opened for extracting the complementary panels.

Abstract: An aerodynamic cargo box configuration includes a bottom portion hinged to a lid. The lid has a receptacle for receiving a photovoltaic light device substantially flush with, and below, the outer surface of the lid. A photovoltaic light assembly may include a cup portion and a top portion, the top portion containing a photovoltaic cell and the bottom portion containing electronics and an array of one or more light elements configured to provide optimal illumination to an interior space of an elongate rectangular cargo box.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an attachment device by means of which, in use, an object is attached to a roof rack which is or at least can be connected to roof rails of a car, comprising a housing, at least two movable jaws extending to outside the housing, which jaws engage round a roof rack in use, and actuating means provided with an operating element for moving said at least two jaws together, wherein the actuating means are designed to translate the jaws and comprise at least one rack, which rack is engaged when the operating element is operated. The invention further relates to a combination of a roof rack and such an attachment device and to a combination of an object to be attached to a roof rack and such an attachment device.

Abstract: The invention relates to automobile roof top cargo carriers. The distinguishing feature of the invention lies in 2 main characteristics: 1) the cargo carrier utilizes an access door, which is an integral part of the body of the unit, in order to open the unit instead of the traditional “clamshell” method of opening currently utilixed by cargo boxes being sold and marketed. 2) the access door is completely removable and doubles as a bench type platform serving the primary function of supporting the user for the purpose of gaining access to the contents of the cargo carrier. The access door readily and easily transforms into a bench like platform and can be used for a wide variety of purposes, or anything the user sees fit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mounting for fixing a display unit or a computer mounting in the interior of a motor vehicle, said mounting having a telescopic rod, a suction element and a friction element. The mounting element is preferably braced in the interior of the motor vehicle by means of a gas spring, thus acting as a reversible mounting.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electronic flight bag mounting system a cockpit mounting member coupled to an electronic flight bag mounting member. The cockpit mounting member is configured to mount to a cockpit of an aircraft, while the electronic flight bag mounting member is configured to be coupled to an electronic flight bag. The electronic flight bag mounting member is movable from a deployed position in which a display of the electronic flight bag faces a cockpit seat configured in the cockpit to a storage position in which the electronic flight bag faces away from the cockpit seat.

Abstract: A hands-free bag carrying device includes a belt element adapted to be worn around a waist of a user; and at least one hook assembly, affixed to the belt element, and having at least one hook element. A hook element is adapted to securely hold a handle of a bag having a particular weight, such that the at least one hook element, the at least one hook assembly, and the belt element cooperatively transfer the weight of the bag to the waist of the user. The device can optionally include a plurality of hook assemblies, which can include one or a plurality of hook elements. Optionally, the at least one hook assembly can be movably affixed to the belt element.

Abstract: A surgical rod scorer is provided. The surgical rod scorer includes a handle having an elongated shaft extending therefrom defining a longitudinal axis therethrough. A knob supported on a proximal end of the handle is movable about the longitudinal axis. A reciprocating member is operably disposed and translatable within the handle and the shaft of the surgical rod scorer. A drive member operably coupled to the proximal end of the reciprocating member and to the knob is configured to translate the reciprocating member along the longitudinal axis. The shaft and the reciprocating member including a respective distal end and operable head configured to support one or more cutting elements thereon. The reciprocating member including the one or more cutting elements supported thereon is translatable from a retracted position, to an extended position for scoring surgical rod.

Abstract: A combustion tool having a circuit for conserving battery power includes a battery assembly to power at least a portion of the combustion tool, a control circuit to place the combustion tool in an active mode or a low power consumption mode, and a motion sensing circuit to indicate a movement of the combustion tool and to indicate a non-movement of the combustion tool. A timer is set when a movement is detected and resets each time a new movement is sensed. If a new movement is not sensed when a predetermined amount of time has elapsed, the combustion tool enters into a low power consumption mode. The movement may be a vibration or a tilt movement. The motion sensing circuit enables the tool to be actuated without any unnecessary priming when motion is sensed and only minimal current is consumed when motion is not sensed, conserving battery power.

Abstract: The present invention provides a tag-attaching pin attaching apparatus 20 which having a simple configuration with an easy operation when it is used for attaching a predetermined label 5 to a predetermined good utilizing an tag-attaching pin attaching apparatus with using a tag-attaching pin unit without having any connecting bars.

Abstract: A braking and driving mechanism includes a guide plate, a driving rod, a magazine, and a pressing rod. The guide plate includes a longitudinal nail groove extending along a direction same to a nail driving direction of the nail gun. The longitudinal nail groove is communicated with a nail driving groove. The driving rod is slidably assembled on an end side of the guide plate along the nail driving direction. A stopping portion is formed on an end side of the driving rod. The magazine is transversely disposed on an end wall of the guide plate. An inner portion of the magazine defines a longitudinal guide groove for supplying nails. The longitudinal guide groove receives a plurality of nails therein and is communicated with the longitudinal nail groove. More than one nail pushing pieces capable of providing an elastic force are arranged in the longitudinal guide groove.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to surgical fastener applying apparatus, and the application of variable compression to tissue. More specifically, the presently disclosed surgical fastener applying apparatus including a first jaw having proximal and distal ends and including an anvil member, the anvil member extending along a longitudinal axis and including a tissue contacting surface and a second jaw having proximal and distal ends movably coupled to the first jaw, the second jaw including a cartridge member and a channel. The surgical fastener applying apparatus further includes a pair of elastic members positioned between the cartridge member and the channel of the second jaw, the pair of elastic members configured and dimensioned to apply and maintain constant compressive forces to tissue regardless of tissue thickness.

Abstract: A surgical stapler can comprise an anvil comprising a staple pocket formed in a tissue contacting surface. The staple pocket can comprise a longitudinal axis, a first forming cup, and a second forming cup. The first forming cup can comprise a first interior sidewall comprising a first vertical portion which is substantially perpendicular to the tissue contacting surface. The second forming cup can comprise a second interior sidewall comprising a second vertical portion which is substantially perpendicular to the tissue contacting surface. The first vertical portion and the second vertical portion can extend through the longitudinal axis, wherein the first interior sidewall and the second interior sidewall can comprise a trap for deforming a first staple leg of a staple to a first side of the longitudinal axis and for deforming a second staple leg of the staple to a second side of the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A staple cartridge includes outer and inner rows of retention slots that are adapted and configured to retain staples. The staple cartridge further includes a staple pusher including a plurality of pusher plates. A staple pusher includes pusher plates that are laterally spaced apart to engage staples within the outer rows of at least three rows of retention slots.

Abstract: A surgical stapler comprising a first handle portion comprising a staple cartridge channel configured to receive a staple cartridge and a second handle portion comprising an anvil. The stapler further comprises a rotatable latch and a latch projection, wherein the latch is rotatably coupled to one of the first handle portion and the second handle portion and wherein the latch projection extends from the other of the first handle portion and the second handle portion. The latch is configured to engage the latch projection to move the first handle portion and the second handle portion toward one another. In various embodiments, the latch projection comprises a rotatable bearing wherein the latch is configured to contact the rotatable bearing when the latch engages the latch projection.

Abstract: A friction stir welding machine is provided that is adapted to perform solid phase welding on a welding portion of materials to be welded, by pressing a welding tool against the welding portion of the materials to be welded while rotating the welding tool, and forcing the welding tool to be advanced into a softened portion which is softened by a frictional heat while stirring the softened portion, wherein a coating made of aluminum nitride is formed on at least a region of the welding tool to be in contact with the materials to be welded.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for assembly by brazing an end cover onto a cylindrical body, said end cover presenting a circular peripheral rim via which said cover is brazed onto a part of one of the end surfaces of the cylindrical body, this device being characterized in that the above-mentioned cover is shaped in such a way that, on the above-mentioned end surface of the cylindrical body, the circular peripheral part of the above-mentioned cover exerts a compressive stress, after brazing, on substantially the whole contact area between the end surface of the cover and the end surface of the cylindrical body.

Abstract: After a wiring substrate having, on its lower surface, an opening and terminals arranged therearound is provided, a sealing material is supplied to the lower surface of the wiring substrate, and a sensor chip is flip-chip mounted on the lower surface of the wiring substrate. The sensor chip has, on its front surface, a sensor surface and bump electrodes, and each bump electrode is thermocompression-bonded onto each terminal of the wiring substrate and the sensor surface is exposed from the opening. The sensor chip has, in its outer peripheral portion of the front surface, a first region where the bump electrodes are arranged and a second region where no bump electrode is arranged. The sealing material is supplied to a region planarly overlapped with the first region when the sensor chip is mounted later, and no sealing material is supplied to a region planarly overlapped with the second region.

Abstract: The present invention discloses, in certain aspects, a pocket for a folder; a folder with at least one pocket; and methods for making a folder, the methods including, in one aspect, positioning a pocket adjacent a folder, folding a side portion of the pocket over a side edge of the folder, folding a bottom portion of the pocket over a bottom edge of the folder, connecting the side portion of the pocket to the folder, and connecting the bottom portion of the pocket to the folder, in one aspect, using adhesive strips on the pocket to connect the pocket to the folder. This abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure and is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims, 37 C.F.R. 1.72(b).

Abstract: A package of cigarettes, having: a group of cigarettes; an inner package enclosing the group of cigarettes and made from a sheet of wrapping folded about the group of cigarettes; and a U-shaped stiffener made of rigid material and located inside the inner package, contacting the group of cigarettes; the sheet of wrapping has two flaps which are superimposed and heat sealed to each other at a rear wall or front wall of the group of cigarettes defined by the cylindrical lateral walls of the cigarettes.

Abstract: A sandwich box for enclosing a food item that is formed of a base portion and a top portion. The upper surface of the base portion is designed to support a food item. The base portion includes a base bendable structure space. The top portion including a food cavity, a top face and a top face bendable structure. The base portion and the top portion are hingedly connected together. A portion of the top face bendable structure and the base bendable structure are positioned parallel to one another when the top and bottom portions are in a closed position. A portion of the top face bendable structure and the base bendable structure are also positioned diametrically opposed to one another when the top and bottom portions are in the closed position. The upper surface of the base portion faces into the food cavity when the top and bottom portions are in the closed position.

Abstract: An example linerless two-ply mailer including multiple detachable elements is disclosed. The example mailer includes a first ply having opposing top and bottom edges, opposing first and second side edges substantially perpendicular to the top edge, a first face and a second face opposite the first face, and a second ply substantially the same size as the first ply and having a first face and a second face opposite the first face. The example mailer also includes a first indicia area on the first face of the first and second ply, while an adhesive is applied to adhere the second face of the first ply directly to the second face of the second ply to form the linerless mailer. At least one pattern of weakness is formed in the first and second plies and offset from each of the top and bottom edges and the first and second side edges of the first and second ply to form a removable first element and a removable second element. The first element and second element are separately removable from the mailer.

Abstract: A receptacle for secure mail and parcel receipt and storage. The receptacle includes a top which provides a roof for the receptacle, a base, and a housing connected to the top and the base. The housing includes an upper compartment into which mail is first placed, a lower compartment into which mail is deposited from the upper compartment, a front door, located on a front of the receptacle, which is opened to provide access to the upper compartment and through which mail is placed into the upper compartment, a trap door, operatively connected to the front door, in the upper compartment, and an access door that includes a lock. The trap door rests in an open position when the front door is closed, allowing communication between the upper and lower compartments. The trap door is moved to a closed position by the opening of the front door, thereby preventing access to the lower compartment from the upper compartment.

Abstract: A mailbox delivery indicator assembly is provided comprising a flag connected to a rod member, the rod member connected to a spring, the spring connected to a mailbox connection member, and a retention assembly in communication with the rod member. A method of using a mailbox delivery indicator assembly is also provided.

Abstract: A receipt issuance facility included in a receipt printer incorporated in a merchandise sales data processing apparatus is utilized in order to print a role assigned to a key together with a frame matched with the size of the key.

Abstract: The systems, methods, and apparatuses of the present disclosure generally describe the use of one or both of human-readable information and machine-readable information printed on, adhered to, or adjacent to an object (e.g., a license plate or sticker), where at least a portion of the machine-readable information performs or assists in performance of at least one of the following functions: (a) correlating to license plate information stored in a remote lookup table; and (b) duplicating information about the license plate.

Abstract: A Produce Traceability Initiative compliant case label includes the GTIN, the lot code, and a short numeric voice code. The voice code is derived from the GTIN and the lot code by an algorithm. Cases of goods that include these case labels are shipped by the source of goods to a distribution center for redistribution to retailers. The distribution center records the GTIN and lot code upon receipt. The distribution center uses the same algorithm to generate voice codes, and then uses the voice codes to direct pickers to fill orders from specific lots using automated pick systems. Pickers use the voice codes to find the intended cases and to confirm that cases from the intended lot were picked, or to indicate a different lot was picked. The distribution center then associates the lot code of the picked lot with the outgoing order.

Abstract: A device is presented for use in controlling the quality of a perishable object, while progressing on its supply line, by monitoring the condition of a time-temperature indicator (TTI) associated with the object. The device comprises a sensing assembly for detecting a response of the TTI to a predetermined stimulus and generating measured data representative thereof, said measured data being indicative of the condition of the TTI, thereby enabling the determination of the remaining shelf life of the TTI and thereby any perishable good to which it is attached and calibrated.

Abstract: A Produce Traceability Initiative compliant case label includes the GTIN, the lot code, an optional date, and a short numeric voice code. The voice code is derived from the GTIN and the lot code and the date when present by an algorithm. Cases of goods that include these case labels are shipped by the source of goods to a distribution center for redistribution to retailers. The distribution center records the GTIN, lot code and optional date upon receipt. The distribution center uses the same algorithm to generate voice codes, and then uses the voice codes to direct pickers to fill orders from specific lots using automated pick systems. Pickers use the voice codes to find the intended cases and to confirm that cases from the intended lot were picked, or to indicate a different lot was picked. The distribution center then associates the lot code of the picked lot with the outgoing order.

Abstract: A method of identifying an object having coded data identifying a plurality of fiducials on a surface of the object and a random pattern superimposed with the coded data. The random pattern defines a fingerprint for the object. The method includes the steps of: receiving, in a computer system, fingerprint data from a data reader interacting with the surface, the fingerprint data identifying some of the random pattern and a fiducial; using the fiducial to identify a portion of the random pattern; and identifying, using the identified portion of the random pattern, an object identity.

Abstract: A new approach is proposed that contemplates systems and methods to enable an individual to complete a financial transaction by swiping a magnetic stripe card through a card reader connected to a mobile device. The size of the card reader is miniaturized to be portable for connection with the mobile device. The card reader is configured to reliably read data encoded in a magnetic strip of the card with minimum error in a single swipe and provide a signal that corresponds to the data read to the mobile device, which then decodes the incoming signal from the card reader and acts as a point-of-sale device to complete the financial transaction. Such an approach enables a person to become either a micro-merchant (payee) or a buyer/customer (payer) without having to purchase expensive card reader devices or software.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods are disclosed which relate to collecting and distributing medical diagnostics using a smart card. A smart card with secure medical diagnostics logic on the memory is disclosed. When the smart card is inserted into a wireless communications device, the smart card receives data from a wireless medical diagnostic device. The wireless medical diagnostic device can be wearable by a user. The smart card stores the data in a medical diagnostics database on the smart card memory. A doctor or other medical professional may access the data in the medical diagnostics database after providing authentication.

Abstract: Method, system and apparatus for providing data. The method, system and apparatus can include at least one database for storing data. Further, the method, system and apparatus may utilize a plurality of cards containing individualized information about the holders of the cards and a data storage device may be coupled with each of the plurality of cards. The data storage device can be readable by a data reading device and can store further individualized information about the holders of the cards. Additionally, the at least one database can store the individualized information from the plurality of cards. Also, a plurality of authorized personnel may be equipped with data reading devices to read the data on the data storage device.

Abstract: Method, system and apparatus for providing data. The method, system and apparatus can include at least one database for storing data. Further, the method, system and apparatus may utilize a plurality of cards containing individualized information about the holders of the cards and a data storage device may be coupled with each of the plurality of cards. The data storage device can be readable by a data reading device and can store further individualized information about the holders of the cards. Additionally, the at least one database can store the individualized information from the plurality of cards. Also, a plurality of authorized personnel may be equipped with data reading devices to read the data on the data storage device.

Abstract: The present relates to a system and method for tracking medical products in a two bin per medical product replenishment system. The system and method comprising storing medical product information including lot number and date of receipt, and recording replenishment requests and generated date. The system and method further correlate the date of receipt of the medical product having the particular medical product information with the generated date of recorded replenishment requests to identify probable corresponding replenishment requests. Also, the system and method correlate identified probable corresponding replenishment requests with location information of corresponding RFID tags to determine corresponding probable locations.

Abstract: A wireless device may alert a wireless smart card reader that communication of data between the wireless device and the wireless smart card reader is probably imminent by sending an activation alert. Upon receipt of the activation alert, if the wireless smart card reader is in a low-power state, the wireless smart card reader may enter a higher-power state. If the wireless smart card reader is in the higher-power state upon receipt of the activation alert, the wireless smart card reader may remain in the higher-power state until a timeout period has expired. The wireless device may instruct the wireless smart card reader to enter the low-power state by sending a deactivation alert if the wireless device detects that communication of data between the wireless device and the wireless smart card reader is not likely to occur within a specified period of time.

Abstract: A card reader may include a reader-side non-contact communication antenna, a transfer path through which a card is transferred, a transfer mechanism to transfer the card, a controller to control the transfer mechanism, and a regulator to regulate transfer of the card. The reader-side antenna may be provided proximate to the transfer path. The regulator may be positioned such that the reader-side antenna can communicate with a card-side antenna on the card. The controller may control the transfer mechanism to move the card closer to the regulator or away from the regulator after the card has stopped once, so as to enable communication between the reader-side antenna and the card-side antenna.

Abstract: A card reader for use with a card having a magnetic stripe may include a card path through which the card having the magnetic stripe is transferred, a magnetic head placed in the card path, and card position detecting sensors for detecting a position of the card. The card position detecting sensors may be located at positions where the magnetic stripe passes through in the card path.

Abstract: A new approach is proposed that contemplates systems and methods to enable an individual to complete a financial transaction by swiping a magnetic stripe card through a card reader connected to a mobile device. The size of the card reader is miniaturized to be portable for connection with the mobile device. The card reader is configured to reliably read data encoded in a magnetic strip of the card with minimum error in a single swipe and provide a signal that corresponds to the data read to the mobile device, which then decodes the incoming signal from the card reader and acts as a point-of-sale device to complete the financial transaction. Such an approach enables a person to become either a micro-merchant (payee) or a buyer/customer (payer) without having to purchase expensive card reader devices or software.