Abstract: The present invention relates to a contact displacement sensor for use in the mechanical measurement of the elongation of a sample by stretching. It further relates to a method for the measurement of the elongation of a sample using such a contact displacement sensor, a system for the measurement of the elongation of a sample using such a contact displacement sensor as well as the use of such a contact displacement sensor. The contact displacement sensor comprises an element with which the sample is contacted. According to the present invention the element is mounted rotatably and disposed in such a way that the tearing of the sample will rotate the element. Due to the element being rotated by the torn sample, only a small amount of energy will be transferred to the contact displacement sensor, which therefore will not be overloaded or damaged.

Abstract: A material specimen is provided. The material specimen for tensile or HCF tests includes two welds arranged opposite one another on the specimen which do not touch. The welds are arranged symmetrically in relation to a plane or mirror symmetrically in relation to a longitudinal axis of the specimen which extends parallel to the line of effective force.

Abstract: An ultrasonic measuring arrangement (1) for the flow, speed of sound, density, viscosity and/or temperature measurement of flowing media, including a measurement tube (2) having a measurement section (3), with the tube being disposed in an area of a measurement housing (4). At least two ultrasound transmitting receivers are spaced apart as sensors for sound transmission through the measurement section (3) in the direction of flow of a medium, and opposite thereto, and for signal recording. In order to provide an ultrasonic measuring arrangement (1) that is simple and inexpensive to produce, has a small nominal diameter and permits direct sound transmission through the measurement section (3) at as low a transmission output as possible, the measurement tube (3) is configured together with the measurement housing (4) as a one-piece housing part (5) free of seals and seams, and the sound path form an acute angle with the flow direction of the medium.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer readable medium for calculating well flow rates produced with electrical submersible pumps using measured voltage, current, frequency and pressure data. An efficiency to flow rate ratio is calculated from the voltage, current, and pressure data. The efficiency to flow rate ratio is used to obtain a non-dimensional flow rate. The flow rate through the electrical submersible pump is calculated from the non-dimensional flow rate.

Abstract: An improved fluid flow gauging device includes a light enhanced acrylic block flow tube to optimize visualization of pressure readings. An LED or other light source is fitted to the top of the flow tube and illuminates a float or bobbin from above to provide more accurate readings, especially in low light conditions such as modern operating rooms. In addition, the light enhanced flow tube provides a mechanical backup in the case of failure of newer electronic systems and visually matches the graphical flow display, simultaneously providing a double-check of the electronic system.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining and/or monitoring at least one flow parameter of a medium, wherein the medium flows through at least one measuring tube essentially along an imaginary flow axis, wherein at least one exciter transducer element is provided, which, based on an exciter signal, excites the measuring tube to mechanical oscillations, and wherein at least one receiver transducer element is provided, which receives mechanical oscillations of the measuring tube as a received signal. The invention includes that at least one separating unit is provided, and that the separating unit is embodied and arranged in the measuring tube in such a manner, that at least two sub measuring tubes result in the measuring tube, wherein the medium flows through the at least two sub measuring tubes essentially along the imaginary flow axis.

Abstract: The object to configure a system for measuring loads during the wheel/rail contact of rail vehicles in such a manner that the occurring forces and/or torques can be measured in a reliable and realistic manner is solved by the present invention. Between the rail foot and the measuring device, at least one elastic element is arranged which has an elasticity which simulates the elasticity of a ballast bed. By means of the measuring system according to the invention, on the one hand, realistic conditions of a track system can be simulated and, on the other, a high metrological reproducibility of a load situation can be achieved.

Abstract: A vehicle power steering device 1 comprises an input shaft 11, a torque sensor 2 that magnetically detects an input torque input into the input shaft 11, and a position sensor 5 that detects a reference rotation position of the input shaft 11. The position sensor 5 comprises a magnet 52, a first magnetic path forming member 67, 68, 69 that forms a first magnetic loop M for the magnet 52 in the reference rotation position of the input shaft 11, and a magnetic sensing element 56 disposed in the first magnetic loop M. By providing the position sensor 5 with a second magnetic path forming member 67 that forms a second magnetic loop N for the magnet 52 in any rotation position of the input shaft 11 other than the reference rotation position, magnetic flux from the magnet 52 is prevented from leaking to the torque sensor 2.

Abstract: A load measuring sensor for a rod-shaped body includes a stress transfer member including portions tightly fixed to the rod-shaped body at two longitudinal positions and a non-fixed portion not fixed to the rod-shaped body, the rod-shaped body being deformable by a load, and a plurality of strain gauges each attached to the stress transfer member at a plurality of circumferential positions of the stress transfer member and at least two longitudinal positions of the stress transfer member.

Abstract: A portable multi-tube air sampler device for capturing samples of trace elements in a suspected contaminated environment which includes a plurality of sample tubes for collecting sample trace elements, parallel inlet and outlet manifolds which minimize the length of the sample inlet path while utilizing short straight sample tubes, a hinged retainer bar mechanism which allows for easy removal and replacement of the various sample tubes, and a removably attachable controller unit which can be installed on the exterior portion of the carrying case for controlling the operation of the sampling protocol. Other embodiments include heated inlet manifold and sample intake paths to prevent contamination accumulation and carryover, a clean cycle option with a filter valved into the inlet flow path to enhance the purging cycle, and a mechanism for converting the present device to a desorbing auto sampler configuration. The present system likewise incorporates a purging cycle prior to each sampling cycle.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing a liquid sample in a sample tube. The apparatus includes a base, a receptacle for receiving a sample tube, and a heating portion coupled to the base to selectively apply heat to the receptacle. A shaking portion is coupled to the base and supports the receptacle. The shaking portion selectively agitates the receptacle with respect to the base. A magnetizing portion is coupled to the base and movable to selectively change a magnetic field with respect to the receptacle.

Abstract: An automated cascade impactor comprises an extension mechanism operable to couple to a plurality of impactor stages. The extension mechanism is operable to compress and separate impactor stages of the plurality of impactor stages via automation. The system provides a plurality of isolation stages operable to be automatically inserted between respective impactor stages when the impactor stages are separated by the extension mechanism. The system provides the plurality of isolation stages to be automatically compressed between impactor stages to isolate each impactor stage from at least one adjacent impactor stage. The plurality of isolation stages is operable to be automatically uncompressed and removed from between the impactor stages. The isolation stages allow automated extraction of particulate matter, cleaning and drying of interior surfaces of each impactor stage.

Abstract: Syringe for use with a metering device comprising a centring element with an axial through-passage in a receiver for a syringe cylinder and an axially displaceable piston receiver for a syringe piston, comprising syringe cylinder syringe piston, the syringe cylinder comprising an outlet at the bottom, centring flange at the top on the external periphery for inserting into the receiver, cylindrical piston movement area connected to the outlet, with a first internal diameter, in which the syringe piston is sealingly guided, and at least at a distance of at least 3 mm from the upper end of the syringe cylinder a centring region for inserting the centring element, which has a second internal diameter, which exceeds the first internal diameter and is at least 16.2 mm, the syringe piston at the upper end has a coupling piece for inserting into the piston receiver.

Abstract: A device (10) for generating oscillating motion, comprising a pivot (2) that is adapted to be mated rotatably and eccentrically to a shaft (1) which in turn rotates, the pivot (2) ending at the output with eccentric means (3) that are adapted to allow mating with an element that is retained so as to slide in a single direction, the rotation of the pivot (2) within the rotating shaft (1) producing two different eccentricities of the eccentric means (3) in the two directions of rotation.

Abstract: A power tong having a ring gear, a gear train, a motor and a gear shift mechanism. The gear shift mechanism further includes a linear actuator and a shift arm connect to the linear actuator. A drive gear is positioned on a drive shaft extending from the motor and this drive gear includes an upper and lower set of drive teeth having beveled top portions. The shift arm engages the drive gear between the upper and lower set of drive teeth and movement of the linear actuator causes the drive gear to engage one of at least two gears in the gear train.

Abstract: A harmonic drive according to the present invention comprises a plurality of internal gears; a band type of flexible gear provided with teeth engaged with each of the internal gears on its outer circumferential surface, the flexible gear having a pitch circumference length shorter than that of said internal gears; and a wave generating part disposed on an inner side of said flexible gear, the wave generating part generating a plurality of harmonic motions by deforming said flexible gear as the wave generating part rotates. Further, said flexible gear is formed integrally to engage with said plurality of internal gears so that the plurality of harmonic motions are overlapped, and one or more of said plurality of internal gears and said flexible gear are formed of profile shifted gears.

Abstract: A control device for unifiedly positioning two symmetric and parallel telescoping rods is disclosed. The control mechanism includes a first controller mounted on a first telescoping rod and a second controller mounted on a second telescoping rod. Each controller controls a pin to position one of the telescoping rods. A linking rod is disposed between the two controllers for unified motion. A torque element is disposed in the first controller. When the first controller is triggered by a cord, the pins will be separately inserted in the telescoping rods for locking. When releasing the cord, the pins will run back to the initial position by the force from the torque element so that the telescoping rods are released for providing a length adjustment.

Abstract: An instrument comprises a headpiece at a proximal end, a shaft connected to said headpiece, said shaft can be deflected at least in a distal end area thereof. A deflection mechanism is provided for deflecting said shaft. Said deflection mechanism has control wires and a control element for controlling a deflection movement of said deflection mechanism. A lock is provided for locking said deflection mechanism. Said lock has a catch mechanism connected to said control element in such a way that said catch mechanism, without actuation, is automatically forced into a locking position and a movement of said control element first opens said catch mechanism and only then permits a deflection of said shaft. A release of said control element in any position of said deflection mechanism causes an enforced locking by said catch mechanism in said position.

Abstract: An upper housing assembly includes a pivot arm having an upper cam surface adjacent a distal end. A cam follower is coupled to a laser head to move up and down with a laser head. The cam follower exerts a downward force on the upper cam surface during normal operation. Thus, as the pivot arm rotates back and forth, the laser head moves up and down. A assist gas hose can be coupled between the upper housing and the laser head which has a spiral configuration permitting relative axial movement between the upper housing and the laser head. Upon an upward axial force being exerted on the laser head, the cam follower moves upwardly away from the upper cam surface.

Abstract: A manipulator, such as for use in medical procedures, is provided. The manipulator includes a body and a first actuator system connected to the body at a first attachment point and capable of moving the first attachment point with at least three degrees of freedom. A second actuator system is connected to the body at a second attachment point and capable of moving the second attachment point with at least three degrees of freedom. A third actuator system is integrated with the body and is capable of moving at least a portion of the body with at least one degree of freedom.

Abstract: By a steering column for a vehicle, it is possible to maintain operating force of a control lever and supporting force of an outer tube and an inner tube in a uniform manner when tightening and releasing the control lever for tilt or telescopic operation and to increase the strength of the steering column as a whole, to thereby prevent deformation and breakage of the steering column at the time of the driver's operation of the steering wheel.

Abstract: A vehicle steering column assembly for transmitting steering movement from a steering wheel of a vehicle steering system. The assembly includes an integrated shaft bearing that connects to the steering wheel at one end, a tube assembly interconnected with the integrated shaft bearing at its other end, a yoke assembly having a shaft and being adapted to be interconnected with a lower steering component of the steering system, and a bearing assembly disposed within the tube assembly and around the shaft to support the shaft in axial sliding movement within the tube assembly.

Abstract: A shifter for use with a continuously variable transmission includes a grip portion and a hub portion. Specifically, the shifter is designed for use on a bicycle, but could also be used with any light vehicle. The grip portion is characterized by a rotatable adjuster that is coupled to a cable. The cable is also coupled to a hub portion. As the adjuster is rotated, the cable is pulled, in turn rotating a pulley assembly in the hub portion. As the pulley assembly is rotated, it advances a rod within a continuously variable transmission. The rod adjusts the power adjusters as described above. The grip portion is also unique in its display of information to the rider. The grip portion includes a display showing the ratio of input to output. The display also includes a filament that curves as the ration is adjusted. A high ratio renders the filament flat while the filament takes on a steep curve as the ratio is adjusted to make riding up hills easier.

Abstract: A grip shifter assembly includes a stationary member coaxially sleeving on a bicycle handlebar. The stationary member has a receiving portion formed thereon. A rotary member coaxially rotatably sleeves on the stationary member. The rotary member has an annular portion formed thereon for abutting against the receiving portion. A grip coaxially securingly sleeves on the rotary member. The grip includes a first section, a middle section, and a second section disposed thereon. A plurality of protrusions radially and axially disposed on the first and the middle sections for grasping firmly. The protrusions are arranged in an equal space. The protrusions configure the first and the middle sections into a step-like cylindrical shape. Accordingly, the grip and the rotary member are able to pivotally rotate relative to the stationary member by a user for changing a speed of a bicycle.

Abstract: A support member includes a base projection. A cover includes a press-fitting portion and a cover projection. The press-fitting portion is press-fitted to a press-fitting hole of the support member. The cover projection is placed at a location, which is spaced from the base projection in a state where the press-fitting portion is press-fitted. At time of disassembling between the support member and the cover by sliding the cover in a releasing direction, the base projection and the cover projection contact with each other to form a disassembly indication mark, which indicates the disassembling between the cover and the support member, on at least one of the base projection and the cover projection.

Abstract: A pump tappet (21) transmits a rotation movement of a cam shaft (12) provided with a cam (12a) to a pump plunger (13) as a reciprocation linear movement, and performs a reciprocation linear movement together with the pump plunger (13). The pump tappet (21) includes a shaft (22), a roller bearing (31) arranged on an outer diameter side of the shaft (22) and rotatably supported on the shaft (22), and a case (23) to house the shaft (22) and the roller bearing (31). The roller bearing (31) includes an outer ring (32) abutting on the cam (12a), a plurality of rollers (33) arranged between the outer ring (32) and the shaft (22), and a retainer (34) to retain the plurality of rollers (33).

Abstract: A multi-rotor flywheel motor system for powering a vehicle. The flywheel motor system includes at least the following components: a plurality of flywheel rotors, a housing assembly, an energy input mechanism for each of the flywheel rotors, a plurality of pressure plates, and a crankshaft. The flywheel rotors are configured such that they may be frictionally coupled or decoupled and powered or non-powered in various combinations. In this regard, the flywheel motor system is able to efficiently meet the power demands of a vehicle in a range of operating conditions.

Abstract: A multipurpose pedal includes a spindle assembly and a pedal pivotally assembled with the spindle assembly. The spindle assembly includes a spindle adapting to assemble with a bicycle crank and a tube sleeved on the spindle. The pedal includes a first frame and a second frame mounted in the first frame. Multiple stubs are mounted between the first frame and the second frame. The multiple stubs are replaceable for providing multipurpose.

Abstract: A double-clutch transmission includes, but is not limited to two input shafts and three layshafts that are parallel to each other. One or more of the layshafts comprises a pinion that meshes with an output gearwheel on an output shaft. Gearwheels are arranged on the shafts and the shafts comprise seven gearwheel groups for providing seven sequentially increasing forward gear speeds. Each of the gearwheel groups comprises a fixed gearwheel on one of the input shafts, meshing with an idler gearwheel on one of the layshafts. One or more coupling devices of the double-clutch transmission is mounted on one of the layshafts to selectively engage one of the idler gears for outputting these seven gear speeds. Especially, the pinion comprises a first pinion mounted on a first layshaft via a bearing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing high strength aluminum alloys from a powder containing Ll2 intermetallic dispersoids. The powder is degassed, sealed under vacuum in a container, consolidated by vacuum hot pressing, extruded into a rolling preform and rolled into a usable part.

Abstract: The various embodiments herein provide method of producing a rod-shape and branched metal nano-structures with polyol compounds as a reducing agent. The metal nano-structures are produced in a closed chamber of microwave system with variable irradiation power at a designed temperature. The metal nano-structures produced exhibits localized plasmon-polariton resonance, exhibit spectral resonance positions at microwave or radio frequencies and exhibit multiple spectral resonance peak at microwave or radio frequencies. The metal nano-structures produced are suitable as a coating composition material, a coating, a film, a wiring material, an electrode material, a catalyst, a colorant, a cosmetic, a near-infrared absorber, an anti-counterfeit ink and an electromagnetic shielding material, a surface enhanced fluorescent sensor, a biomarker and a nano-waveguide.

Abstract: The proposed methods of precious metal recovery and may be applied to the recovery of precious metals from various types of mineral raw source materials containing organic compounds of precious metals and chlorides of alkali and earth metals, e.g. collective concentrate produced from clay-salt residue of potassium production, or marker clays, etc. This method includes chlorinating roasting of the collective concentrate produced during enrichment of the material with residual chlorides, or natural concentrate with up to 15% chlorides content. Thereafter, the cinder is leached by an aqua-regia solution, the precious metals are recovered from the pulp via of sorption, chlorinating roasting is held at 600-700° C., the precious metals are leached from the cinder using diluted solution of aqua-regia, and then via sorption. The process is cost-efficient due to the use of chlorinating agent, reduction of the process steps number, decreasing of the roasting temperature, and the leaching by diluted acid.

Abstract: A process for digesting molybdenum oxide concentrates includes suspending a molybdenum-containing starting material in an aqueous solution so as to obtain a suspension. While stirring, an oxidizing agent and an alkali solution of at least one alkali metal are metered to the suspension so as to set a pH and produce a product having a molybdenum content of at least 98% of the molybdenum-containing starting material. The alkali metal is selected from the group consisting of Na, K and Li.

Abstract: A process for producing a foamed slag on austenitic stainless melts in an electric arc furnace. A mixture of metal oxides and carbon is introduced into the furnace, the metal oxide is reduced by the carbon below the slag at the metal/slag interface, and the resulting gases bring about the foaming of the slag by bubble formation. The mixture to be charged, which is added in the form of preforms such as briquets or pellets, contains iron oxide, iron carriers, carbon and the required binders in addition to nickel oxide.

Abstract: A sharpening device for manually sharpening the cutting teeth of saw chains for chain saws has a frame, which has two head parts (spaced apart from one another and two pairs of guide rods which are, in each case, arranged parallel to one another and to a longitudinal axis and rigidly connect the head parts to one another. Parallel to the longitudinal axis, round files and two file faces are held without play, but exchangeably in the head parts. The pairs of guide rods and the respective associated round files and the respective file faces are arranged rotationally symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A device for rotating and opening a screw cap of a container is provided. A lid opening device 1 constructed from a plate material is provided with a circular arc-shaped section 11 formed by bending a plate surface into a circular arc shape, and two opposed extending sections 3 continuously extending from opposite ends of the circular arc-shaped section 11. One of the extending sections 3 includes a twisted section 4 that is formed by twisting the plate surface and has a plate side edge facing the other extending section 3. On the plate side edge of the plate of the twisted section 4 is formed a contact section 6 that is to be in contact with the outer peripheral surface of a screw cap of a container in order to grasp and rotate the screw cap in cooperation with the other extending section 3.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system for pretreating sample that can unplug a rubber-plugged sample tube and a resin-plugged sample tube in one unplugging unit. The system for pretreating sample includes a sample rack on which a plugged sample tube can be mounted, a conveyor line for conveying the sample rack, and an unplugging unit that has a clamp device for holding the plugged sample tube at the time of unplugging and a plug chuck device for chucking the plug of the plugged sample tube held by the clamp device and unplugging the sample tube. The plug chuck device can unplug both the rubber-plugged and resin-plugged sample tubes. More specifically, the plug chuck device has a combination of an unplugging chuck having a suitable shape for unplugging the rubber-plugged sample tube and another unplugging chuck having a suitable shape for unplugging the resin-plugged sample tube.

Abstract: A drive system cooperates with other tools, such as the drive mechanism of a socket type ratchet wrench to enable a user to use the wrench for its intended purpose at high speed by pulling an endless belt. The belt is contained within a chamber created by the attachment system in a manner to allow the belt to engage with an outer surface of a pulley. The pulley connected to the drive shaft of the socket type ratchet wrench to cause force to be transferred from the belt to the wrench drive shaft. The system utilized a cover operably coupled to the pulley to contain the belt while minimizing interference with the wrench. The cover contains the belt while also allowing an opposite end of the belt to hang loose and thus be easily accessible by a user.

Abstract: A tool box includes a body having a front end and a force-receiving portion spaced from the front end. The body further includes first and second sides and two lateral walls. The lateral walls, the front end, and the force-receiving portion are integrally formed as a single and inseparable component of the same material. The front end includes a compartment. A receiving space is defined between the lateral walls and has an opening in the second side or the force-receiving portion. A ratcheting mechanism includes a main body mounted in the body and a ratchet wheel rotatably received in the main body. The ratchet wheel is located in a quarter corner of the body adjacent to the front end and the first side. A driving groove is defined in the ratchet wheel for engaging and driving a shank to rotate. A bit-receiving rack is removably received in the receiving space.

Abstract: The tool according to the invention serves to rotate a work piece or a device around a rotational axis and has a handle and a shaped component, which can be brought into a form-fitting position with the work piece or the device. Herein the handle is able to swivel around a pivot axis arranged on the section of the handle toward the axis end side, whereby the moment of inertia and/or the momentum of the swiveled handle is transmittable as rotational momentum onto the shaped component and thus onto the work piece or the device, through a limitation on the swivelable extent. Thus an increased torque (for example, an initial breakaway or tightening torque) may be briefly applied onto the work piece or the device.

Abstract: A grip for pliers has a body and a bow. The body has an inner side, an outer side, a handle hole, a curved cushioning hole and a curved cushioning arm. The handle hole is capable of being mounted around a handle of the pliers, is defined in the body and is adjacent to the inner side of the body. The cushioning hole is curved, is defined through the body, is adjacent to the outer side of the body and extends along the handle hole. The cushioning arm is curved and is formed on the outer side of the body. The flexible bow is securely mounted in the cushioning arm and extends along the cushioning arm.

Abstract: A tool includes a driving member with a protrusion. A shaft is removably connectable to the protrusion. The shaft includes a bit driving segment for retention of a bit therein. A handle includes a first handle portion and a second handle portion, both of which are pivotally connected to the driving member such that the first and second handle portions at least partially encompass the shaft when in a closed position. A bit retention member is disposed in at least one of the handle portions to retain the bit therein. The bit is insertable into the bit driving segment. At least one notch is fashioned into at least one of the handle portions. The notch is in register with the at least one bit retention member, permitting a user to access the at least one bit retained therein.

Abstract: A numerical control machine tool has two spindles mounted in opposition to each other. In order to enable consecutive operations of lathe turning machining work in accordance with a speed command, drill machining work for drilling with rotating tools with a work positioned at a given angle, and other machining works while keeping a state where a single work is grasped by both of the spindles, switching means 152, 215 and 225 are provided which switch a reference spindle 314 to a profile control axis in a state where both of the spindles are held in the position control mode selected during spindle synchronized control, in a case where a C-axis control switching command is issued to treat the reference spindle 314 as the profile control axis while spindle synchronized control is performed for the reference spindle 314 and a synchronized spindle 324 and the synchronized spindle 324 is revolving at a command speed given to the reference spindle 314.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for sizing window coverings slidably extendable from a bay into an aisle of a retail outlet. The method includes the steps of locating the center of the window covering relative to a cutting station utilizing a half scale for removing a portion of the window covering from each of its ends.

Abstract: An emergency brake system for abrupt braking of a revolving shaft of a machine tool includes at least one brake drum and at least one brake shoe that are brought into engagement with one another in order to brake the shaft. The braking engagement between the brake drum and brake shoe occurs under the influence of a centrifugal force resulting from rotation of a shaft, the brake system being self-reinforcing, in particular self-locking.

Abstract: A sheet cutting apparatus includes a cutting device and at least one cutter blade to be mounted detachably on the cutting device. The cutter blade has a blade holder and a blade fixed to the blade holder. The apparatus further includes a stocking device for storing the at least one cutter blade. The stocking device includes a case body, a receiving section in the case body, and a heater. The receiving section has a blade holder receiving portion for storing the blade holder and a blade receiving portion for storing the blade. The heater is arranged for heating the blade holder and the blade of the cutter blade in the receiving section. The cutting device is arranged for using the cutter blade heated by the heater.

Abstract: The invention relates to a strip-cutting system intended for the individual cutting of strips used during application processes, comprising at least one individual cutting element having a spherical general supporting body (2) into which there is introduced a part (4) in the shape of a spherical sector, the outer curve of which matches the outer surface of the general supporting body (2). The aforementioned part (4) has a blade (3) with an arched cutting edge, which projects outwards slightly, such that by means of rotating the part (4), the blade (3) can be oriented in order to make cuts at any angle against a concave roller dolly (9), with cuts being made by rotating the general supporting body (2).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a machine tool monitoring device having a detecting unit (32) for detecting the presence of at least one type of material in at least one prescribed machine tool region, particularly the machine tool working region (34), by means of spectral analysis of radiation (SR), wherein the detecting unit (32) comprises a sensor unit (44) having at least one sensitivity region (54.2) for detecting radiation in a wavelength range (WL2) disposed in the electromagnetic range, a transmitting unit (42; 64) for transmitting radiation having at least one radiation component in the wavelength range (WL2), and an analysis means (58) designed such that it can detect the presence of at least one type of material in at least one prescribed machine tool region based on the radiation detected by the sensor unit (44), wherein the analysis means (58) is operationally coupled to the transmitting unit (42).

Abstract: The instant invention is a hand hole inspection plug removal machine that includes a base plate, an alignment tool, and a head assembly. The base plate has a cutting hole and may be adapted to mount to a round object through a pair of rails attached to the bottom of the base plate on opposite sides. The alignment plug is adapted to align the center of the cutting hole with the center of a pre-drilled hole in the round object. The head assembly may be attached to the base plate and may be adapted to position a cutting tool over the center of the cutting hole and move the cutting tool up and down along the center line of the cutting hole. The head assembly includes a motor for spinning the cutting tool.

Abstract: A process for the precision cutting of food products including large blocks of cheese or processed meats utilizing a cutting die formed from a solid metal blank, wherein the cutting die is created in a pattern which includes shaped cutting edges which are then processed to form knife edges for the cutting of the food products and the extrusion cutting die used for this process.