Abstract: Two false-twist belts are each entrained about crowned pulleys. The belts are arranged so that their outer-facing surfaces cross one another with one belt pressed against the other. Yarn is passed between these false-twist belts and twisted. The bending rigidity in the lateral direction of the false-twist belts is set to a value in which the outer-facing surfaces of the false-twist belts are rounded into a convex curvature at the position where the belts are pressed against each other.

Abstract: This assembly comprises a first component (9), a second component (3), and a connecting device (19) for connecting these two components together, this device (19) being of the type that maintains the integrity of the surface of said second component (3), and the assembly being noteworthy in that said connecting device (19) comprises a structural skin (21) fixed to said first component (9) and a porous material (23) attached to this structural skin and fixed by contact to said second component (3).

Abstract: The carbon-free gas turbine is a power-producing turbine driven by the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels with oxygen. The carbon-free gas turbine includes at least one combustor for combusting gaseous fuel with oxygen. The at least one combustor includes a housing containing at least one oxygen transport reactor. The oxygen transport reactor includes an outer wall and an inner cylindrical ion transport membrane. The membrane receives pressurized air and separates gaseous oxygen therefrom, transporting the oxygen into a central region thereof for combustion with the gaseous hydrocarbon fuel, producing gaseous carbon dioxide and water vapor. A first turbine is driven by the gaseous carbon dioxide and water vapor produced by the at least one combustor and drives a first compressor. The first compressor provides the pressurized air supplied to the at least one combustor. A second turbine is driven by pressurized nitrogen gas resulting from the combustion.

Abstract: A trim valve includes a valve housing having an inlet section and an outlet section. A valve shaft is mounted to the valve housing to be stationary with respect thereto. The valve shaft includes an internal flow passage in fluid communication with the outlet section of the valve housing. A valve rotor is disposed inboard of the valve housing and outboard of the valve shaft for modulating flow through the valve housing. The valve rotor is mounted for rotational movement within the valve housing between a fully open position in which a flow path is defined between the inlet and outlet sections of the valve housing, and a reduced flow position in which the valve rotor at least partially blocks the flow path. An actuator is operatively connected to the valve housing to actuate the valve rotor between the fully open and reduced flow positions.

Abstract: An exhaust system for an aircraft has a primary exhaust duct for communicating exhaust gas from an engine exhaust exit and is configured for movement with the engine. A secondary exhaust duct is in fluid communication with the primary exhaust duct and is movably mounted to the airframe. The secondary duct has a portion selectively rotatable relative to the remainder of the secondary duct for directing the exhaust gas vector. The system has means for maintaining a generally consistent relative alignment between the primary duct and the secondary duct.

Abstract: A method for controlling emissions from an engine includes reducing trapped nitrogen oxides to ammonia on an LNT catalyst while concurrently oxidizing soot accumulated on the LNT catalyst, and, flowing the ammonia so formed to an SCR catalyst.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for managing particulate emissions in an engine including a particulate filter and a CO2 sensor downstream of the filter. A CO2 sensor may be used to infer the presence of particulate matter in the exhaust, downstream of the filter. By sensing particulate matter in the post-filter exhaust, filter degradation may be identified.

Abstract: A method of controlling the regeneration of a particulate filter adapted to filter particulate matter present in exhaust emissions of an engine of a vehicle. The particulate filter is coupled to a heating device adapted to be activated so as to cause the heating of the particulate filter. The method includes sensing at least one operating parameter of the particulate filter, receiving sensed data relating to the at least one sensed operating parameter and conditioning the activation of the heating device based on a comparison of the received data with at least one respective threshold. The method further includes adjusting a value of the at least one threshold based on an operating condition of the vehicle, the operating condition being detected based on the received sensed data.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying system (100) includes: a NOx purifying catalyst (34) that is disposed in an exhaust gas flow path (3) to purify nitrogen oxide; and an HC generator (33, 133) that is disposed upstream of the NOx purifying catalyst (34) in the exhaust gas flow path (3) to generate at least one of acetylene, a hydrocarbon with a carbon number of 2 to 5 other than acetylene, and an aromatic hydrocarbon from a hydrocarbon contained in an exhaust gas. In addition, an exhaust gas purifying method using the exhaust gas purifying system includes the step of adjusting an oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas supplied to the HC generation catalyst (33A, 133A) to 0.8 to 1.5 vol % when an air-fuel ratio is stoichiometric or rich.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a heated gas sensor with a porous metal shield without perforations are disclosed. In one example, the gas sensor is used in an intake manifold of an engine. In another embodiment, the gas sensor is used in an exhaust passage of an engine. The porous metal shield without perforations allows gas to permeate the shield for measurement while retarding flame propagation if gases ignite in the vicinity of a sensing element of the heated gas sensor.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for managing particulate emissions in an engine including a particulate filter and a CO2 sensor downstream of the filter. A CO2 sensor may be used to infer the presence of particulate matter in the exhaust, downstream of the filter. By sensing particulate matter in the post-filter exhaust, filter degradation may be identified.

Abstract: A degradation rate decision method of a lambda sensor, may include an injection step injecting a reducing agent so as to regenerate a nitrogen oxide purification catalyst, a lambda value detection step detecting a lambda value of the lambda sensor from a fuel/air ratio of exhaust gas after injecting the reducing agent, a reaching time decision step determining a time period that the lambda value takes to reach a predetermined criterion value after injecting the reducing agent, and a degradation rate decision step determining that the lambda sensor is degraded when the time period is equal to or longer than a predetermined time period.

Abstract: A catalyst degradation determination device is provided that can determine the degradation of a selective reduction catalyst with high precision while also suppressing a temporary decline in purification performance. By way of controlling a urea injection device, the catalyst degradation determination device increases, in a selective reduction catalyst in a state in which the storage amount is a maximum, the storage amount thereof by a detection reduced-amount portion DSTNH3—JD and then decreases the amount until it is determined that ammonia slip has occurred. Then, degradation is determined based on the time at which the slip determination flag FNH3—SLIP was set to “1” when fluctuating the storage amount. The detection reduced-amount portion DSTNH3—JD is set to a value that is larger than the storage capacity of the selective reduction catalyst in a degraded state and smaller than the storage capacity of the selective reduction catalyst in a normal state.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for operating a turbocharged engine including a particulate filter positioned upstream of a turbocharger turbine, a catalyst positioned downstream of the turbine, and an EGR passage coupled between an engine exhaust and engine intake. In one example, the method comprises, diverting exhaust gas from downstream of the filter to the engine intake via the EGR passage, and adjusting an amount of diverted exhaust gas based on filter operating conditions.

Abstract: A device and method for catalytic reduction of NOx in gaseous products of a combustion process before entry into the atmosphere. The gaseous and particulate products of a combustion process flow radially through a radial flow particulate filter element (24) that is effective to trap particulate matter, and are then directed axially through a collector (26). An injector (30) introduces a reductant into an axial end of the collector for entrainment with axial flow through the collector in a direction away from the injector. Flow leaving the collector is directed through an SCR catalyst (40) where catalytic reduction of NOx occurs.

Abstract: A mixing device comprises a circular disc of fin sections positioned so as to create openings in the inner and outer regions of the mixing device that generate oppositely rotating flows of exhaust gas. Each fin section may be identical, and may be created by a stamping process. The smooth surface of each fin section reduces creases, and thus, is less prone to urea buildup.

Abstract: An NOx injection system for treating a vehicle exhaust system comprises an injector for injecting a select material into the vehicle exhaust system and including an electrical coil. An impedance element is connected in series with a flyback diode across the coil. An injector firing control circuit is electrically connected to the injector for driving the coil, the switching circuit operating in an on mode to fire the injector and in an off mode to turn off the injector. The impedance element increases reverse voltage to increase injector turn off response.

Abstract: The present invention provides an exhaust heat recovery device configured to perform heat exchange between three media such as, exhaust gas, coolant, and oil. According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, the exhaust heat recovery device is configured such that the heat of exhaust gas discharged from an engine is transmitted to the coolant and the oil at the same time and direct heat exchange between the coolant and the oil is made, thereby simultaneously increasing the temperature of the coolant and the oil during the initial start-up of the engine (fast warm-up). As a result, it is possible to reduce friction loss of powertrain, thereby improving fuel efficiency. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust heat recovery device which is configured to perform the integral heat exchange between the exhaust gas, the coolant, and the oil.

Abstract: An exhaust heat recovery system (18) includes first and second loop heat pipes (20 and 30). The first loop heat pipe (20) recovers exhaust heat downstream of a catalyst (5) in an exhaust passage (4) of an internal combustion engine (1) to exchange heat with the catalyst (5). The second loop heat pipe (30) recovers heat of the catalyst (5) to exchange heat with coolant that is once delivered from the internal combustion engine (1).

Abstract: An exhaust manifold of a turbocharged engine includes a collar coolant jacket to maintain component temperatures within acceptable limits. The collar coolant jacket is specifically located around the exhaust outlet of the manifold.

Abstract: A system, in certain embodiments, includes an accumulator. The accumulator includes a first cylinder configured to receive a fluid within an internal volume of the first cylinder. The accumulator also includes a piston configured to move axially within the first cylinder. Axial movement of the piston within the first cylinder adjusts the internal volume of the first cylinder. The accumulator further includes a plurality of shape memory alloy wires configured to cause the axial movement of the piston within the first cylinder.

Abstract: A drive train, including a hydrodynamic torque converter with a housing arranged to be rotationally driven by a drive unit for a motor vehicle and an output part. The drive train includes an input shaft for a transmission. The output part is non-rotatably connected to the input shaft. An internal circumference of the transmission input shaft is supported by the housing.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a pneumatic cylinder assembly is coupled to a mechanism that converts motion of a piston into electricity, and vice versa, during expansion or compression of a gas in the pneumatic cylinder assembly.

Abstract: A vehicle and a brake system for a vehicle include at least one hydraulic pump, wherein the at least one hydraulic pump is connected to an input fluid conduit and an output fluid conduit. A flow resistance unit is provided in the output fluid conduit of the at least one hydraulic pump for being selectively coupled into the output fluid conduit when brake torque is requested.

Abstract: A method of controlling a pump and motor system having at least one of a variable displacement pump and a variable displacement motor. The method may comprise providing an engine drivingly coupled to a primary load and a secondary load, the secondary load being driven by the pump and motor system. The method may also comprise sensing a change in engine speed in response to a change in the primary load. The method may further comprise changing the engine speed to compensate for the primary load change. The method may further comprise changing a displacement of the at least one variable displacement pump and the variable displacement motor to maintain a constant secondary load.

Abstract: A hydraulic control system includes a source of pressurized hydraulic fluid for providing a pressurized hydraulic fluid, a main line circuit in fluid communication with the source of pressurized hydraulic fluid, a regulation valve in communication with the source of pressurized hydraulic fluid, the regulation valve moveable between a plurality of positions, and a lubrication valve in communication with the regulation valve, the lubrication valve moveable between a plurality of positions. A lubrication circuit and a cooling circuit are in communication with the lubrication valve.

Abstract: A power generating apparatus (10) comprising a first arrangement (14) comprising a first buoyancy vessel configured to float at a surface of a body of water, the first arrangement comprising at least one energy conversion apparatus operable to be driven by the environment. The power generating apparatus (10) also comprises a second arrangement (16) permanently moored to the bed of the body of water, the second arrangement comprising: a second buoyancy vessel configured to be neutrally buoyant at a location in the body of water spaced apart from the bed of the body of water; and an electrical cable (18). The first and second arrangements (14, 16) are configured for releasable attachment to each other and such that electricity is conveyed through the electrical cable (18) in dependence upon operation of the energy conversion apparatus when the first and second arrangements are attached to each other.

Abstract: An actuating apparatus which may be arranged to provide an actuating rotation or force on demand. The actuating apparatus comprises a resilient member having a plurality of co-acting elements such as a plurality of elongate rods and end-mounts arranged to move relative to each other. The resilient member is arrangeable in a first configuration and a second configuration such as a twisted configuration. An actuator which is preferably elongate is secured to the resilient member at least two points, preferably to each of the end mounts of the resilient member. The actuator is arranged to force the resilient member into one of or between the two configurations. The resilient member preferably includes a matrix which preferably surrounds at least a portion of the elongate rods.

Abstract: A method and apparatus generates kinetic and electrical energy using sound waves and is believed to be particularly useful in high efficiency motors and electrical generators. In particular, the method and apparatus uses sound waves as a catalyst to convert ambient heat energy into kinetic and/or electrical energy. In one embodiment, sound waves at particular frequencies are propagated across one side of a plate or other barrier element, causing flow of fluid (e.g. air) across the surface of the plate which, in turn, causes a reduction in the ambient fluid (air) pressure near the surface of the plate. The difference in fluid pressure on opposite sides of the plate results in net positive thrust on the plate, thereby causing movement of the plate. This movement can be harnessed using, for example, a windmill type of rotor and stator arrangement to generate useful kinetic and electrical energy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a brake booster for an automotive brake system with regenerative brake force generation, comprising a force input element that may be or is coupled to a brake pedal, a chamber arrangement having a vacuum chamber and a working chamber that are separated from one another by a movable wall, a control valve, by means of which in accordance with a displacement of the force input element the working chamber is connectable selectively to the vacuum chamber and the atmosphere to generate and reduce a differential pressure at the movable wall, wherein the control valve has a control valve housing that is connected for joint movement to the movable wall In this case, it may be provided that in a first actuation phase of the brake booster from its rest position the force input element is displaceable relative to the control valve housing by an idle travel, in which the control valve remains non-actuated to suppress a build-up of a differential pressure at the movable wall.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vehicle brake system, having at least one supply container for delivering brake fluid to a master cylinder and/or to at least one wheel brake of the vehicle brake system. A precharging apparatus for increasing the effective pressure in the supply container is provided, in which the precharging apparatus generates compressed air for increasing the pressure. According to the invention, the precharging apparatus includes a first precharging device, which generates the compressed air from exhaust gases of an exhaust system of the vehicle, and/or a second precharging device, which generates the compressed air from the relative wind.

Abstract: An example system for inducting air into an engine includes a compressor and a turbine mechanically coupled to the compressor and driven by expanding engine exhaust. The system also includes a first conduit network configured to route some engine exhaust from a take-off point downstream of the turbine to a mixing point upstream of the compressor, and, a second conduit network configured to route some engine exhaust from a take-off point upstream of the turbine to a mixing point downstream of the compressor. The first and second conduit networks in the system have a shared conduit and a control valve configured to adjust an amount of engine exhaust flowing through the first conduit network and to adjust an amount of engine exhaust flowing through the second conduit network. The system also includes a flow sensor coupled in the shared conduit.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas turbocharger for an internal combustion engine having a housing comprising an exhaust gas guide segment, an air guide segment, and a bearing segment, and a rotor assembly comprising a turbine wheel having a plurality of blades, a compressor wheel, and a shaft rotationally fixing the turbine wheel (5) to the compressor wheel, wherein the turbine wheel is rotationally supported in the exhaust gas guide segment and the compressor wheel is rotationally supported in the air guide segment and the shaft is rotationally supported in the bearing segment and, wherein the turbine wheel is acted on by exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine for driving the rotor assembly, a sleeve-shaped sliding element is positioned in the exhaust gas guide segment for conditioning the exhaust gas flow acting on the turbine wheel.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel method of manufacturing a lever plate that is made of a material having a relatively small thickness but nonetheless has an engaging protrusion having an adequate thickness and an adequate height. A lever plate in a VGS type turbocharger according to the present invention is a lever plate that is incorporated in an exhaust guide assembly in a VGS type turbocharger. The lever plate has a fitting hole into which a shaft part of the adjustable vane is fitted formed at a position close to one end of an elongated plate main body thereof and an engaging protrusion to be engaged with the drive ring formed at the other end thereof. The engaging protrusion is formed by bending a blanking material having the shape of an elongated flat plate.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying apparatus for a supercharger-equipped internal combustion engine, which can favorably combine the realization of the prevention of an excessive back pressure rise and the securement of an exhaust gas emission performance, is provided. A turbocharger which includes, in an exhaust passage, a turbine driven by the exhaust energy of an internal combustion engine is provided. In the exhaust passage, a first front stage catalyst and a second front stage catalyst are provided in series in order from the upstream side. A first exhaust bypass passage which bypasses the turbine and a second exhaust bypass passage which bypasses the turbine and the first front stage catalyst are provided. A first waste gate valve and a second waste gate valve are provided which play roles in opening and closing the first exhaust bypass passage and the second exhaust bypass passage, respectively.

Abstract: A method for dislodging exhaust gas deposits from an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) cooler (26) associated with an engine includes the steps of providing at least one on-board gas source (S) for providing a gas (G) at a superatmospheric pressure, and placing the EGR cooler in fluid communication with the gas source through a supply conduit (44, 144). The supply conduit (44, 144) includes at least one valve (V) that is selectively operable to a closed condition closing the supply conduit and to an open position opening the supply conduit. The method also includes the step of operating the at least one valve (V) from the closed condition to the open condition to allow the superatmospheric gas (G) to flow through the supply conduit (44, 144) to the EGR cooler (26).

Abstract: A supercharger compressor includes a plurality of rotors rotatably mounted in a housing, a first inlet for air, a second inlet for recirculated exhaust gas, and a flow separator. The flow separator is arranged interior the housing and configured to form a slideable seal with at least one rotor of the plurality of rotors, the slideable seal fluidically isolating the first inlet from the second inlet, at least in part, and retarding pressure equalization therebetween.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention takes the form of a system that may recirculate a portion of the exhaust of at least one turbomachine where it may be mixed with the inlet air and re-enter the turbomachine without affecting reliability and availability of the unit. An embodiment of the present invention provides an inlet system for an exhaust gas recirculation system. This inlet system may take a variety of forms and may optimize the direction that the portion of the recirculated exhaust stream flows within the inlet system.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention takes the form of a system that may recirculate a portion of the exhaust of at least one turbomachine where it may be mixed with the inlet air and re-enter the turbomachine without affecting reliability and availability of the unit. An embodiment of the present invention provides an inlet system for an exhaust gas recirculation system. This inlet system may take a variety of forms and may optimize the direction that the portion of the recirculated exhaust stream flows within the inlet system.

Abstract: The invention refers to a supercharging system (6) for an internal combustion engine (1) incorporating in combination, a turbine (7), a compressor (8) and an electrical driven system (20) that is connected by any power transmission system (16, 19) to the crankshaft (4) or any other vehicle drive shaft of an internal combustion engine, where the turbine inlet is subjected to exhaust gases, causing the turbine wheel to rotate and thereby via the drive shaft causing mechanical rotating power.

Abstract: The invention refers to a supercharging system (6) for an internal combustion engine (1) incorporating in combination, a turbine (7), a compressor (8) and an electrical driven system (20) that is connected by any power transmission system (16, 19) to the crankshaft (4) or any other vehicle drive shaft of an internal combustion engine, where the turbine inlet is subjected to exhaust gases, causing the turbine wheel to rotate and thereby via the drive shaft causing mechanical rotating power.

Abstract: An exhaust gas assembly includes an exhaust gas manifold which is connected with an exhaust gas inlet of a manifold and an adjusting member arranged in the manifold. The adjusting member is configured to supply exhaust gas to a low pressure connection and/or a high-pressure connection of the manifold, wherein on the high-pressure side a high-pressure turbine housing is connected to the manifold and on the low pressure side a low pressure turbine housing is connected to the manifold. A connecting channel extends through the manifold and connects a high-pressure exhaust gas outlet) of the high-pressure turbine housing with a low pressure exhaust inlet) of the low pressure turbine housing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for opening a passenger door (1) of an aircraft in case of emergency, which is fastened so it is manually pivotable on the fuselage (3) of the aircraft via a hinge and/or support arm configuration (2), an auxiliary-energy-operated emergency opening drive (4) being provided between the fuselage (3) and the passenger door (1), which automatically opens the passenger door (1) in accordance with an emergency control unit (5), the auxiliary energy for the emergency opening drive (4) being pyrotechnic energy, whose gas expanding inside an expansion chamber (6) after triggering by the emergency control unit (5) impinges the emergency opening drive (4) with pressure medium to open the passenger door (1), wherein said emergency opening drive (4) generates a rotational movement.

Abstract: Pendular and differential periodic heat engines with theoretical efficiencies of ONE, and industrial efficiencies close to ONE, exclusively subordinate to the physical constraints inherent in any material device under ordinary conditions of use, operating with recirculation of the gases in closed loops between a thermodynamic pendulum (2/2, 2/4) made up of a chamber (1/2, 1/4) fitted with a piston (2/2, 2/4) connected to a free flywheel (3/2), and a regulated supply of heat (10/4, 10/4, etc.) positioned some distance away from the chamber of the thermodynamic pendulum (FIG. 2), with extension to turbine engines (FIG. 5) thanks to phase changes.

Abstract: Increasing power generation efficiency of a solar-fossil-fuel-hybrid power plant includes heating working fluid with a concentrating solar field by directing a first portion of a steam turbine drive working fluid from an economizer of a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) of the solar-fossil-fuel hybrid power plant into a concentrated solar power (“CSP”) field where the first portion of the steam turbine drive working fluid is heated to a predefined temperature and pressure above that which is in a CSP inlet to the steam boiler while a second portion of the steam turbine drive working fluid is directed from the economizer to a steam boiler and the first portion of the steam turbine drive working fluid is combined with the second portion of the working fluid at the inlet.

Abstract: Controlling a solar-fossil-fuel hybrid power plant to provide supplemental heat includes receiving concentrated solar power thermal energy from a concentrated solar power (CSP) field for use in a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) that uses waste heat thermal energy from waste heat produced by a gas combustion process and the concentrated solar power thermal energy to produce steam to drive a steam generator. Supplemental fossil fuel generated heat is added to the (HRSG) such that the temperature of steam produced by the (HRSG) is maintained within an inlet operating tolerance of the steam generator when the concentrated solar power thermal energy contribution to the (HRSG) falls below a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A combustion plant, comprising: a combustion chamber (1) for combustion of a mass of fuel; a postcombustion device (2) for thermodestruction of the incondensable gases generated by combustion in the chamber (1); a pipe (9) for conveying the combustion fumes from said chamber (1) to said postcombustor (2); a supply (21) of oxygen-enriched air to said chamber (1) and/or to said postcombustor (2); and a device (4) for abatement of the carbon dioxide contained in the combustion fumes that are to reach the postcombustor.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for the production of hydrogen and the use of high-temperature heat sources in energy conversion. In one embodiment, a primary loop may include a nuclear reactor utilizing a molten salt or helium as a coolant. The nuclear reactor may provide heat energy to a power generation loop for production of electrical energy. For example, a supercritical carbon dioxide fluid may be heated by the nuclear reactor via the molten salt and then expanded in a turbine to drive a generator. An intermediate heat exchange loop may also be thermally coupled with the primary loop and provide heat energy to one or more hydrogen production facilities. A portion of the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production facility may be diverted to a combustor to elevate the temperature of water being split into hydrogen and oxygen by the hydrogen production facility.

Abstract: A process (10) for co-producing synthesis gas and power includes in a synthesis gas generation stage, producing a hot synthesis gas and, in a nuclear power generation stage (12), heating a working fluid with heat generated by a nuclear reaction to produce a heated working fluid and generating power by expanding the heated working fluid using one or more turbines (16), with additional heating (14) of the heated working fluid by indirect transfer of heat from the hot synthesis gas to the heated working fluid.

Abstract: A steam power plant is suggested having, parallel to the preheater passage (VW1 to VW4), a heat reservoir (25) which is loaded with preheated condensate in weak-load times. This preheated condensate is taken from the heat reservoir (25) for generating peak-load and inserted downstream of the preheater passage into the condensate line (19.2) resp. the feed water container (8). Thus it is possible to quickly control the power generation of the power plant in a wide range without significantly having to change the heating output of the boiler of the steam generator (1). A steam power plant equipped according to the invention can thus be operated with bigger load modifications and also provide more control energy.