Abstract: A mounting unit (16) is aligned by using a mounting unit frame (58) touching the thigh and a knee-contacting portion (62) touching the knee, with the knee being bent. The mounting unit is also equipped with a probe support frame (60) used for moving an ultrasonic probe along the knee cap. The probe support frame moves rotationally about the mechanical center of the knee joint, thereby allowing the ultrasonic probe (78) to move along the knee cap while facing toward the mechanical center of the knee joint and to perform scanning of an ultrasonic beam.

Abstract: A windscreen is configured for measuring outdoor infrasonic sound. The windscreen includes a container and a microphone. The container defines a chamber. The microphone is disposed in the chamber and can be operatively supported by the floor. The microphone is configured for detecting infrasonic sound. The container is advantageously formed from material that exhibits an acoustic impedance of between 0 and approximately 3150 times the acoustic impedance of air. A reflector plate may be disposed in the container. The reflector plate operatively can support the microphone and provides a doubling effect of infrasonic pressure at the microphone.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to pressure sensors, and more particularly, to methods and apparatus for compensating pressure sensors for stress, temperature and/or other induced offsets and/or errors. In one illustrative embodiment, a pressure sensor may include a pressure sensing die mounted to a substrate of a pressure sensor package. The pressure sensor die may include on-board compensation. In some instances, the on-board compensation may include an on-board heating element and an on-board zener diode trim network, both situated on or in the pressure sensing die. The zener diode trim network may include one or more zener diodes and one or more resistive elements, where the zener diodes can be selectively activated to “trim” the resistive network to compensate for one or more offsets and/or errors of the pressure sensor.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an elastic deformation body made of an Al2O3 ceramic, according to which a highly pure alumina having at most 2000 ppm MgO, at most 200 ppm inorganic impurities, a specific surface of at least 10 m2/g, an average grain size of at most 0.3 ?m is applied. With the alumina and additives, there is produced via aqueous processing a homogeneous mixture, from which a pressable spray granulate is produced, which is formed by means of a uniaxial pressing method to a homogeneous, green body, which is subjected to a sinter process. The resulting elastic deformation body has a bending fracture stress ?c, whose distribution F(?c) is given by the Weibull parameters ?0?800 MPa and m?24, with an average grain size of the sintered material of no more than 2 ?m, and wherein the sintered material of the deformation body has a density of not less than 3.98 g/cm3.

Abstract: The invention relates to a stress gauge of the type having an acoustic resonant structure, including a piezoelectric transducer (10) connected to a holder (20), the holder (20) including opposite the piezoelectric transducer (10) an imbedded reflecting portion (40). The imbedded reflecting portion (40) reflects the volume acoustic waves generated by the piezoelectric transducer (10) when it is excited according to a harmonic mode of the structure and propagating into said holder (20), the reflecting portion (40) being arranged at a distance from the piezoelectric transducer (10) such that the integral of the stress on the propagation distance of the volume acoustic waves up to their reflection is different from zero.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cell for testing geomaterials on cylindrical specimens, of rock, ground or materials manufactured on sampling sites, including at least one piston for subjecting a specimen to a stress directed along the longitudinal axis of the specimen. According to the invention, the cell has, in addition, means for shearing the specimen, capable of cracking the specimen while it is being compressed in said at least one piston.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to test a specimen is disclosed. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises a housing defining a passage having a length extending along a longitudinal axis, an anvil movable in the passage between a first position and a second position along the longitudinal axis, the anvil comprising a tapered shaft section, an expandable mandrel having an inner surface adapted to fit around a portion of the tapered shaft section and an outer surface adapted to receive a test specimen, and a first block to limit motion of the mandrel. In use, moving the anvil between the first position and the second position causes the mandrel to expand in a circumferential direction, thereby applying a circumferential tension force to the specimen.

Abstract: An inflow port and an outflow port of a bypass passage have openings on a front surface near a projecting end and on a bottom surface, respectively, of a bypass passage forming member. A recess portion is disposed on the front surface of the bypass passage forming member on a circuit housing portion side of the inflow port so as to extend at a predetermined depth over an entire region in a longitudinal direction of a short side of a rectangular cross section of the bypass passage forming member.

Abstract: Measuring system for determining and/or monitoring flow of a measured medium through a measuring tube, including: At least one ultrasonic transducer; and at least one control/evaluation unit, which, on the basis of measurement signals or on the basis of measurement data derived from the measurement signals, ascertains volume- and/or mass-flow of the medium flowing in the measuring tube; wherein the ultrasonic transducer has at least one electromechanical transducer element, which sends and/or receives ultrasonic signals; and at least one coupling layer in the region between electromechanical transducer element and measured medium, which coupling layer conducts the ultrasonic signals, and which ultrasonic transducer is acoustically coupleable with the measuring tube and at least partially fittable on the outer shape of the measuring tube and which electromechanical transducer element is flexible.

Abstract: A flowmeter for detecting fluid flow rates in a pipe includes a tube having a channel disposed in the pipe through which fluid in the pipe flows. The flowmeter includes an upstream transducer in contact with the pipe and positioned so plane waves generated by the upstream transducer propagates through the channel. The flowmeter includes a downstream transducer in contact with the pipe and positioned so plane waves generated by the downstream transducer propagate through the channel and are received by the upstream transducer which produces an upstream transducer signal. The downstream transducer receives the plane waves from the upstream transducer and provides a downstream transducer signal. The flowmeter includes a controller in communication with the upstream and downstream transducers which calculate fluid flow rate from the upstream transducer signal and the downstream transducer signal. A method for detecting fluid flow rates in a pipe.

Abstract: An eccentric, smoothly tapered body for installation into cylindrical pipe to cause a constriction in the pipe to facilitate measuring the flow of fluid through the pipe. The body defines a flow constrictor having a smoothly tapered inner surface having a leading edge and a trailing edge and an apex therebetween. A bore extends through the flow constrictor at the apex. Pressure is measured at the bore at the apex and upstream of the flow constrictor and flow rate is calculated from the pressure differential therebetween.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of measuring mass flow of a first gas component in a gas consisting of one or more known gas components. Typically such methods assume that certain parameters were constant, such as the gas composition, pressure and/or temperature, and likewise the heat capacity, density, etc., of the gas were presumed to be such that they could be determined to have a constant value. However, it has been found that the determination of the mass flow is associated with a comparatively high degree of measurement uncertainty, when it is assumed that the parameters are constant. The core of the invention relies on this discovery and on a method wherein all of the gas parameters that are used in the determination of the mass flow of the first gas component and that may vary considerably as a function of the gas composition, pressure and/or temperature are determined continually.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a device for testing means of detecting the loading of the secondary path of a flight control actuator of the type including a primary path and a secondary path able to take up the effort of the primary path in the event of a breakdown of the latter, wherein a tool is able to press against at least one zone of at least one element of the secondary path, as well as a lever arm which by tilting allows the tool to press against the zone so that it exerts a traction and/or compression force on the secondary path, the lever arm being mounted pivotingly on a support able to be fastened on a structure that is mechanically independent of the secondary path.

Abstract: A scale includes a stationary bracket, a movable bracket, a linear displacement sensor and a plurality of the resilient mechanisms. The movable bracket is disposed opposite to the stationary bracket. The linear displacement sensor is disposed between the stationary bracket and the movable bracket. The resilient mechanisms are disposed between the stationary bracket and the movable bracket. Each resilient mechanism includes a limiting shaft, a sleeve movably sleeved on the limiting shaft and a resilient member received in the sleeve. The limiting shaft is fixed to one of the stationary bracket or the movable bracket, and the sleeve is fixed to the other. The resilient member is elastically deformed by resisting a free end of the limiting shaft. The linear displacement sensor registers a displacement of the movable bracket.

Abstract: Devices and methods are disclosed for non-contact pneumatic sampling of surfaces, persons, articles of clothing, buildings, furnishings, vehicles, baggage, packages, mail, and the like, for aerosols or vapor residues indicative of a hazard or a benefit, where the residues are chemical, radiological, biological, toxic, or infectious in character. A central orifice for pulling a vacuum is surrounded by an array of convergingly-directed gas jets, forming a “virtual sampling chamber”. The gas jets are configured to deliver millisecond pneumatic pulses that erode particles and vapors from solid surfaces at a distance. A curtain wall flow encloses the sampling area during pulse retrieval.

Abstract: Methods and equipment for forming multiple micro-depositions on surfaces from a single sample for sample analysis are provided. The device for the formation of micro-depositions of a liquid sample, includes a plurality of reservoirs, each with a through-hole, and needles, each with a tip mounted for movement through and beyond the hole, and a control member ensuring the controlled and regular formation of micro-depositions according to a defined profile.

Abstract: There is provided a pipette device capable of adjusting a collection amount in a short time. A pipette device 1 adjusting a volume of a cylinder portion “a” by the axial-direction movement of a plunger 3 caused by the rotation of a push rod 5 includes a speed increasing mechanism 35 provided between a pipette main body 2 and the push rod 5 and increasing a speed of input rotation to transmit the input rotation with the increased speed to the push rod 5.

Abstract: Automated methods and systems for punching out pieces of a porous substrate for biological samples comprising: loading the porous substrate onto a support comprising a die and an opening; moving a receptacle support in at least a z-direction to position a receptacle relative to the support so that an opening in the receptacle is aligned and substantially flush with the opening in the support; actuating a punching head so that the punching head passes through the die, thereby punching a piece out of the porous substrate; and actuating an ejector pin to eject the punched piece from the porous substrate support and into the receptacle aligned with the opening in the support.

Abstract: In a rotary electronic component, the rotor includes a flange with the first face on which grooves are formed radially and the second face. The plate spring with a ring shape in the top view, includes resilient arms and flat parts. The upper member has the bottom face covering the plate spring and the first face, and retains the flat part such that the flat part can be attached to or detached from the bottom face of the upper member while preventing the plate spring from rotating responsive to rotation of the rotor. A spring constant of the resilient arms and the shape of the flat part are set to achieve the state such that the resilient, arms bend and the flat part is partially released from the bottom face of the upper member when the resilient arms go over a position between adjacent grooves.

Abstract: A transmission mechanism includes a threaded fastener and a nut assembly. The nut assembly is sleeved on the threaded fastener, and includes a first nut, a second nut, and an elastic member. The first nut forms two receiving portions, and the second nut defines two receiving cutouts. The elastic member is positioned between the first nut and the second nut. The receiving portions are received in the receiving cutouts, such that the first nut and second nut move only along an axis of the threaded fastener. The elastic member is compressed by the first nut and the second nut, to generate an elastic force exceeding a component force along the axis of the threaded fastener of an external force for rotating the first nut or the second nut.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vibration apparatus, a hand-held mobile device and a method for operating the vibration apparatus with which the time to obtain a detectable vibration effect is reduced while still being able to provide also a strong vibration effect. The vibration apparatus comprises a first weight member; a second weight member; a driving section coupled to said first weight member and operable to rotate at least said first weight member around a rotation axis; and a coupling mechanism adapted to provide coupling between said first weight member and said second weight member so that in a first state said first weight member is rotated by said driving section and in a second state said first weight member and said second weight member are rotated by said driving section.

Abstract: Disclosed is a step actuator. The step actuator includes a housing; a stator installed in the housing; a rotor positioned radially inward from the stator, the rotor rotating and protruding from one side of the housing; a bearing installed at one side of the housing so as to be coupled with the rotor; a bearing cover coupled with one side of the housing to restrain movement of the bearing; a screw member coupled with the rotor to linearly move according to rotation of the rotor; and a mounting member coupled to the bearing cover to support the screw member.

Abstract: A sprocket unit comprising: a damper mounted on the first shaft with a first face defining a recess and a second face defining chambers for receiving spring loaded weights; a sprocket mounted to the first shaft with a hub defining an aperture and a slot; a front end plate mounted on the shaft with a hub defining an aperture aligned with the aperture of the sprocket; and a spring received within the aperture of the sprocket, the aperture of the front end plate, and the recess of the damper. When the first shaft rotates and firing frequency of the engine coincides with a resonant frequency of the first shaft, the spring loaded weights slide in the chambers of the damper, dampening out the resonant frequency in the first shaft and when the sprocket rotates the spring compresses and extends, reducing torsional load of the first shaft on the second shaft.

Abstract: A torque transmitting device uses a continuously meshed face gear and at least one pinion supported by a carrier that adjusts the position of the pinions. The position of the pinions changes the amount of self-locking at the gear teeth. Controlling the position of the pinions on the face gear varies the amount of torque transferred between the face gear and the carrier supporting the pinion or pinions. Torque transfer can be varied throughout a range between low or negligible levels and a fully engaged state without the need for a fixed relationship between torque transfer and gear ratio.

Abstract: A transmission component with a functional structure has a linear or crossed shaft body, a transmission structure integrally formed on the shaft body and extending in a radial direction; a sensor matching structure and a shaft matching structure formed on the shaft body so that a sensor and a bearing may be conveniently assembled on the shaft body and the size of the transmission component can be miniaturized, and a reinforcing rod which may be inserted into the shaft body in an axial direction to enhance the structure intensity of the shaft body.

Abstract: The invention relates to a locking system for a rotatable part, in particular in arrangements in which two parts which can be rotated in relation to each other, for example a die and a punch in a stamping apparatus, have to be aligned exactly in relation to each other. In order to provide a positionally accurate mechanical locking system with a simple design, the invention proposes that a gearwheel (3) having an end-side and/or axially effective toothing system (4) is connected to the rotatable part (2) fixedly in terms of rotation, and that at least one toothing segment (5a-5f) which can move to and fro in the direction of the axis of rotation and/or parallel to the axis of rotation of the gearwheel is arranged over the circumference of the gearwheel, wherein the teeth or gaps between the teeth of the toothing segment and gearwheel can be brought into engagement without play.

Abstract: A gearshift assembly for a motor vehicle includes a gearshift lever configured to engage a detent unit to select one of a plurality of gearshift positions in an operative position. The gearshift lever can be folded into a non-operative position by disengaging a locking mechanism from the detent unit, when the gearshift lever is in the neutral position. The non-operative position is selected by pressing a fold button, which causes a fold rod to engage the detent unit, and prevents accidental shifting of gears in the folded non-operative position.

Abstract: An apparatus for releasing a parking state of a shift-by-wire shifting device may include a housing fixed to a vehicle body, a driving screw rotatably coupled to the housing and threaded, a slider engaged to the driving screw and slidable along the driving screw, and a cable connected to the slider and transmitting a sliding motion of the slider to a transmission.

Abstract: An electronic shifting apparatus for a vehicle may include an operator movable along at least two or more straight paths, a shift lock assembly controlling a movement of the operator, a sensor detecting changes in position of the operator, a P-switch for selecting a P-range, a safety switch receiving an input from a driver, a controller outputting a shifting signal for controlling a transmission, wherein one of the straight paths sequentially have an R-temporary point for selecting a R-range, an NR-fixing point and an ND-fixing point for selecting an N-range, and a D-temporary point for selecting a D-range, wherein the ND-fixing point is connected with another straight path connecting an M-fixing point for selecting a neutral state in an manual mode, and both sides of the M-fixing point are connected with a (+)-temporary point (+) and a (?)-temporary point (?) through another straight line to operate the manual mode.

Abstract: A speed control device which is adapted to be used in connection with a derailleur type bicycle has one operation mode for up-shifting the speed and another operation mode for down-shifting the speed. The two operation modes can be affected by an operation lever, and with the operation lever being pivoted in a first plane for the up-shifting operation and in a second plane for the down-shifting operation.

Abstract: A transmission shifting apparatus of a vehicle, may include a shifter movably installed along at least two straight paths which meet at one point each other, respectively, wherein at least two fixed points are arranged adjacent each other in at least one of straight paths, in which the shifter maintains a position thereof unless an external force is applied thereto, wherein the straight path having the at least two fixed points has a structure extending outward both sides of the at least two fixed points, and wherein one of the at least two fixed points in the straight path is formed to meet the other straight path of the at least two straight paths.

Abstract: A Cartesian coordinate robot includes a first transmission mechanism slidably connected to a second transmission mechanism, a third transmission mechanism slidably connected to the second transmission mechanism. The first transmission mechanism includes a first guide rail, a first slider slidably connected to the first guide rail, and a first driving module driving the first slider. The second transmission mechanism includes a second guide rail perpendicular to the first guide rail, a second slider slidably connected to the second guide rail, and a second driving module driving the second slider. The third transmission mechanism includes a third guide rail perpendicular to the first guide rail and the second rail, a third slider slidably connected to the third guide rail, and a third driving module driving the third slider.

Abstract: A shift module assembly for controlling the movement of a vehicle transmission out of a park condition responsive to a condition of the ignition system of the vehicle and responsive to a position of the vehicle brake pedal includes a moveable swing arm adapted to selectively control the condition of the vehicle transmission. The swing arm is in a park position when the vehicle transmission is in the park condition. The swing arm is locked in an immobile position by a solenoid operated armature shaft when the swing arm is placed in the park position. The armature shaft is in direct contact with said swing arm when said swing arm is in the locked position. The armature shaft releases the swing arm from the locked position upon actuation of the vehicle ignition system and depression of the vehicle brake pedal. The swing arm includes a stress line that will cause the swing arm to break along the stress line before the swing arm is moved out of the park position if excessive force is applied to the swing arm.

Abstract: A shift lever assembly designed to isolate vibrations including an outer can having a bore and an outer wall, an inner can disposed within the bore, a vibration absorbing material positioned within the bore and around the inner can; and a sleeve extending from the outer wall of the outer can. The method of making the shift lever assembly includes positioning an outer can having a bore and an attached sleeve in a mold, positioning an inner can in the mold, within the bore of the outer can, injecting a vibration absorbing material into the mold, thereby filling the space within the bore of the outer can around the inner can, and allowing the vibration absorbing material to cure, thereby securing the inner can within the outer can.

Abstract: An accelerator operating device for electrically controlling the output of a power unit on the basis of the manipulated variable of a controller, by achieving the generation of a frictional resistance using a simple configuration. An accelerator operating device includes an extended portion turned upon the operation of a throttle grip; a torsion coil spring biasing the extended portion in a returning direction while the extended portion is turned; and a friction generating mechanism adding a frictional resistance to the turning movement. The friction generating mechanism includes a compression coil spring applying a pressing force to the extended portion, and a friction member brought into sliding contact with the extended portion by being pressed by the compression coil spring. The torsion coil spring and the compression coil spring are placed coaxially with the extended portion and overlap each other at least partially along the axial direction of the extended portion.

Abstract: A robot arm assembly includes a first link, a second link, and a joint rotatably connecting the first link and the second link. The joint includes an actuator mounted on the first link, a harmonic drive including a wave generator, a flex spline fitting over the wave generator, and a circular spline engaging the flex spline, and a belt drive between the actuator and the harmonic drive. The flex spline is fixed to the first link, the circular spline is fixed to the second link, and the belt drive transmits the rotational movement from the actuator to the wave generator.

Abstract: A manipulator includes a first arm, a second arm, a joint assembly, and many connecting members. The first arm defines a first axle hole. The second arm defines a second axle hole and two openings adjacent to the second axle hole. The joint assembly is received in the first arm and rotatably joins the first arm and the second arm. Each of the connecting members includes a head portion and a fixing portion. The head portion is received in the first arm. The fixing portion connects the second arm and the joint assembly.

Abstract: A robot according to the present disclosure includes a support structure and at least three main arms mounted to be movable relative to the support structure, wherein the outer ends facing away from the support structure are movable to different spatial positions relative to the support structure and relative to each other. The robot further comprises connecting elements having the same lengths by means of which the outer end of each main arm can be connected at a defined distance from the outer end of the two adjacent main arms. The present disclosure also provides a method of calibrating a robot.

Abstract: An apparatus for cranking a shackle of a pump jack. The apparatus includes a shaft which fits through the shackle. The apparatus includes an arm rotatably attached to the shaft in proximity to a first end of an arm. The apparatus includes a handle for cranking the shaft. The handle having a locked state in which the handle is unable to rotate the shaft, and an unlocked state in which the handle is able to rotate the shaft. The handle attached to the arm in proximity to a second end of the arm. The handle extending essentially perpendicularly from the arm. The apparatus includes a locking mechanism engaging the arm at a pivot point and the shaft, the locking mechanism placing the handle in the locked state or the unlocked state by moving the arm about the pivot point to a first position where the handle extends inward toward the shackle or a second position where the handle extends outward away from the shackle, respectively. A method for cranking a shackle of a pump jack.

Abstract: It is provided a vehicle operation pedal in which a pedal sheet is integrally fixed to a sheet fixed portion of a pedal arm in such a posture that a depressed face of the pedal sheet, which is depressed by a driver, faces a driver's seat, comprising a fitting hole through which the sheet fixed portion of the pedal arm extends formed in the pedal sheet; and the sheet fixed portion being fitted into the fitting hole from a rear face that is on the side opposite to the depressed face, and a peripheral portion around the fitting hole being integrally fixed to the sheet fixed portion by welding performed from the depressed face side.

Abstract: A pendant type adjustment pedal apparatus includes an adjustment accelerator pedal that adjust a pedal clearance by the rotation of a motor, and an adjustment brake pedal that receives the rotation of motor through a rotary drive cable. Accordingly, convenience in adjusting a pedal clearance is provided, and particularly, adjustment accelerator pedal achieves a vibration mode in addition to a foot effort mode, which is an eco mode, by an electric mode generating device, such as a solenoid or a linear motor. Therefore, it is possible to improve fuel efficiency and to provide a danger recognition function using an accelerator pedal.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for rotating a handle frame of a bicycle. In order to facilitate the manipulation of a brake lever or a gear shift lever and further improve the convenience of the product, the apparatus for rotating the handle frame is mounted on the handle frame of the vehicle to allow the handle frame to rotate in a rotation direction identical to that of a handle and at a rotation angle identical to that of the handle, so that the handle frame rotates according to road conditions. A rider is protected from impact occurring according to the road conditions.

Abstract: A steering wheel with a biometric sensor apparatus may include a plurality of sensing prominences having electric conductivity and protruding from an outer surface of the steering wheel.

Abstract: A damper spring device is provided with a first spring and a second spring retained by a stopper in such a manner that the second spring is compressed by a preload. The preload on the second spring is greater than a preload on the first spring. The first spring and the second spring have load-deflection characteristics such that the first spring deforms when an axial load acting in the direction of compression of the first spring is not greater than a load at which a strand of the first spring is at least partially compacted and that the first spring and the second spring deform when the axial load is greater than the load at which the strand of the first spring is at least partially compacted.

Abstract: A nitrocarburized crankshaft member made of a steel that includes C in an amount by weight of 0.25 to 0.32% as a required element and an optional element that may be included, and Fe and inevitable impurities in a remaining portion. The steel-made crankshaft member mainly includes ferrite and perlite, wherein at least a portion of the steel surface thereof having a ferrite surface area of 50% or greater is imparted with a nitrocarburized hard layer. The nitrocarburized hard layer includes a surface compound layer suppressed to a thickness of 10 to 35 ?m, and a nitrogen diffusion zone below the surface compound layer having a diffusion depth of 700 ?m or greater. The steel includes C, Si, Mn, Cu, Ni, and Cr as the required elements and Mo, N, s-Al, and Ti as the optional elements.

Abstract: An assembling mechanism of a self-locking linear actuator includes a gearbox, a one-piece rear retainer seat and a casing. The gearbox is composed of two half pieces, which are mated with each other for accommodating and locating a transmission mechanism of the actuator. The rear retainer seat is fixedly held in the gearbox for supporting a bearing of a threaded rod of the transmission mechanism and bearing the stress from the threaded rod. The contact faces of the rear retainer seat and the gearbox are regular polygonal to facilitate adjustment of fixing angle of the rear retainer seat. The casing is composed of two half casings, which are mated with each other to accommodate the transmission mechanism, the gearbox and the rear retainer seat. The mating faces of the half casings are parallel to the axis of the output shaft of a motor to facilitate connection operation of the casing.

Abstract: This invention relates to a transmission structure of meat tumbler, in which one end of drum's axle, extending toward a control box, of the meat tumbler is assembled with a gear, and a reduction machine is installed in the control box. A gear of the reduction machine meshes with the gear of the drum. A motor coupled to the reduction machine is provided within the control box. Essential benefits such as quiet operation process, effective power transmission, and prevention of improper parts stripping can be achieved by this stable transmission structure.

Abstract: An oil passage structure of a chain-driven oil pump includes three lines of oil passages for supplying oil from the center support to the torque converter, a first oil passage for supplying oil to the torque converter through the inside of an input shaft of the torque converter, a second oil passage for supplying oil to the torque converter through a space defined by the outer periphery surface of the input shaft and the inner periphery surface of a stator shaft, and a third oil passage for supplying oil to the torque converter by bypassing the drive sprocket. The third oil passage is provided on the outer periphery side of the drive sprocket and in a position where it does not interfere with the operation of a chain. Accordingly, it is possible to utilize the flex lock-up to a maximum extent, and to reduce the diameter of the sprocket.

Abstract: A silicon purification method includes a solidification purification step in which metal impurities are removed by irradiating a base material made of metallic silicon with an electron beam.

Abstract: A powder metal compact is disclosed. The powder metal compact includes a substantially-continuous, cellular nanomatrix comprising a nanomatrix material. The compact also includes a plurality of dispersed particles comprising a particle core material that comprises Mg, Al, Zn or Mn, or a combination thereof, dispersed in the nanomatrix and a solid-state bond layer extending throughout the nanomatrix between the dispersed particles. The nanomatrix powder metal compacts are uniquely lightweight, high-strength materials that also provide uniquely selectable and controllable corrosion properties, including very rapid corrosion rates, useful for making a wide variety of degradable or disposable articles, including various downhole tools and components.