Abstract: A method and system for automatically changing the flute size in a corrugation process without stopping or slowing the overall corrugation process utilizing a first single-faced web having a first flute size and a second single-faced web having a second flute size. The first single-faced web is conveyed along a track into a double backer forming a first corrugated material. When a flute change sequence is initiated, the single-faced web is cut using a pressurized stream of water such that the single-faced web disengages with the double backer. Generally simultaneously, the second single-faced web is introduced into the double backer using an air jet, wherein a second corrugated material is formed.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a plastic spacer/riser to increase useable height of a reclosable fastening system, such as 3M™ Dual Lock™ or Velcro® hook and loop products. The spacer/riser is adapted to be held in place on an external substrate with hot-melt glue, sonic welds, pressure-sensitive adhesives, acrylic foam tape, or screws.

Abstract: Perfluoropolymer parts containing (reinforcing) fibers oriented parallel to the surface of the parts may be joined by frictional welding processes such as vibration welding and ultrasonic welding without disturbing the orientation of the fibers. The parts may be used directly or cut into other shapes. Such parts are useful where high temperature resistance and/or chemical resistance is desired along with good physical properties such as strength and/or toughness. These types of parts include gaskets and seal rings.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a composite article such as an airplane part or a boat part is presented. The method includes: preparing a prepreg layup, the prepreg layup comprising a plurality of prepregs and at least one microporous breather membrane; enclosing the prepreg layup with a gas impermeable vacuum bag; evacuating a volume enclosed by the gas impermeable vacuum bag to preconsolidate the plurality of prepregs; consolidating the plurality of prepregs; and discontinuing the evacuating.

Abstract: Laser sealing property and reliability of a glass panel are increased by suppressing cracks, fractures, separation and the like of glass substrates and a sealing material layer at the time of laser sealing. A first paste for a sealing material containing no laser absorbent and a second paste for a sealing material containing a laser absorbent are applied in this order on a sealing region 2a of a glass substrate 2. A laminate film of a coating layer 11 of the first paste for a sealing material and a coating layer 12 of the second paste for a sealing material is fired, to form a sealing material layer 3 having a laminated structure of a layer 4 of the first glass material for sealing and a layer 5 of the second glass material for sealing.

Abstract: A method of weld-bonding a plurality of workpieces to produce an improved peel joint, includes the formation of an adhesive layer and a weld nugget, and the securing of an adhesive cover relative the workpieces during bonding. The method is operable to partially prevent the migration of fluid adhesive material during construction, and to transfer at least a portion of peel loads to the shear strength of the adhesive material in the produced joint. The method may also be performed utilizing other interconnection means such as clinching or riveting.

Abstract: A movable device of acceleration sensors and a vibration device of a gyroscope are formed on the same sensor wafer spaced apart from each other by a wall. A cap wafer having gaps corresponding to the movable mechanical components of the acceleration sensors and gyroscope is provided for the wafer and an adsorbent divided into a plurality of divisional portions is disposed in the gap for the gyroscope. After the sensor wafer and the cap wafer have been bonded together at a temperature of inactivation of the adsorbent and in an atmospheric pressure ambience of noble gas and activated gas, the adsorbent divisional portions are activated in sequence to adsorb the activated gas so as to adjust the pressure inside the gyroscope, thus manufacturing a combined sensor wafer.

Abstract: A method for removing a carbonization catalyst from a graphene sheet, the method includes contacting the carbonization catalyst with a salt solution, which is capable of oxidizing the carbonization catalyst.

Abstract: A gas tank is provided which can ensure high gas barrier properties even with respect to a gas having a small molecular size, for example, a hydrogen gas. In a high-pressure gas tank comprising a resin liner inside an FRP layer, an oxide layer is formed on the inner surface of the resin liner. When a reinforcing fiber is wound around the outer surface of the resin liner by a filament winding process, air is beforehand enclosed inside the resin liner. Next, when the reinforcing fiber is thermally cured to form the FRP layer, the inner surface of the resin liner is thermally oxidized to form the oxide layer.

Abstract: A winding apparatus comprises a rotating winding drum, a lay down station, a cutting station, a web assembly hold down element and a wound assembly discharge station. The rotating winding drum further comprises a plurality of winding stations. Each winding station comprises a winding mandrel, a winding nip, a web stabilizing bed and a cutting anvil.

Abstract: A composite reinforcing bar is formed by providing a reinforcing material supply of fiber strands rovings; a resin supply bath, and a puller for pulling the resin-impregnated reinforcing material through the resin bath. The reinforcing fibers include a series of inner rovings longitudinal to the bar with a first and a second helical wrappings of at least one roving wrapped around the inner rovings in opposed directions of wrapping. The resin is permeated through both the inner rovings and through the wrapped rovings to the outer surface where the inner rovings having parts thereof between the first and second wrapped rovings exposed and bulged outwardly by tension applied by the wrappings during curing with the bulged parts defining components of the outer surface portion of the bar which are thus rough and exposed for engaging a material to be reinforced so as to transfer longitudinal loads between the material to be reinforced and the inner rovings.

Abstract: Piezoelectric nanostructures, including nanofibers, nanotubes, nanojunctions and nanotrees, may be made of piezoelectric materials alone, or as composites of piezoelectric materials and electrically-conductive materials. Homogeneous or composite nanofibers and nanotubes may be fabricated by electrospinning. Homogeneous or composite nanotubes, nanojunctions and nanotrees may be fabricated by template-assisted processes in which colloidal suspensions and/or modified sol-gels of the desired materials are deposited sequentially into the pores of a template. The electrospinning or template-assisted fabrication methods may employ a modified sol-gel process for obtaining a perovskite phase in the piezoelectric material at a low annealing temperature.

Abstract: A device, system and method for orthopedic spine surgery using a novel screw-based retractor, disclosed herein, that allows for access to the spine through a minimally or less invasive approach. The retractor device is designed as a co-molded part of the tulip of a pedicle screw assembly with opposed arms of the retractor spread apart to open the wound proximally. The arms are removed by separating the arms from the tulip and removing them from the incision. The retractor device is intended to be made of a relatively stiff material, sterile packaged and disposable after one use. A system and method for using the retractor and performing a minimally invasive spine surgical procedure are also disclosed.

Abstract: A powder primer composition particularly useful as a primer intended to be used in conjunction with an adhesive topcoat in rubber to metal bonding. And a method for bonding an elastomeric substrate to a metallic substrate comprising, applying a powder primer composition onto one of said substrates, wherein the powder primer composition comprises a rubbery polymer and at least one of a phenolic resin and a phenoxy resin, applying an adhesive covercoat to form a coated substrate, contacting the coated substrate with the other of said substrates, and heating the contacted substrates to effect bonding of the metallic substrate to the elastomer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of more precisely and easily realizing cooling channels constituting a ceramic brake disk rotor. In order to achieve an object of the invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a ceramic brake disk rotor having internal cooling channels, comprising the steps of: (a) producing loading portions 110, 210, frictional surfaces 120, 220, and vanes 300 of the disk rotor respectively through separate processes using a carbon fiber reinforced carbon-carbon composite; (b) fabricating the loading portions 110, 210, frictional surfaces 120, 220, and vanes 300 respectively produced through separate processes into one structure and (c) performing a liquid silicon-melt infiltration process for the fabricated one structure.

Abstract: An absorbent article may comprise a first zone comprising graphics and a second zone comprising graphics, wherein the first and second zones have different elastic properties. Further, the absorbent article may comprise a first absorbent article component and a second absorbent article component having substantially different elastic properties, wherein the first absorbent article component comprises an elastomer. Additionally, the absorbent article may comprise a third absorbent article component overlapping the first and second absorbent article components, wherein the third absorbent article component comprises graphics on at least the portions which overlap the first and second absorbent article components.

Abstract: This disclosure regards methods for protecting a die during shaping and polishing of optical devices. According to various embodiments, layers can be added and removed from a wafer to protect both sides of the wafer during various steps of a manufacturing process.

Abstract: The substrate processing system includes a measuring apparatus that measures any of film thickness, a refractive index, an absorption coefficient, and warpage. The system includes an apparatus for performing photolithography on the substrate to form a resist pattern and an etching apparatus that etches a processing film. A control unit includes a first relation between an initial condition and a dimension of the pattern of the processing film and a second relation between a processing condition of the predetermined processing and the dimension of the pattern of the processing film. The control unit estimates a dimension of the pattern of the processing film after the etching treatment from the first relation based on a measurement result and corrects the processing condition of the predetermined processing in the photolithography or the etching from the second relation based on an estimation result of the dimension of the pattern.

Abstract: In an automatic matching unit, a controller includes a first and a second matching algorithm. The operating point Zp is moved stepwise toward the matching point Zs with a relatively large pitch by using the first matching algorithm. Further, when the operating point Zp is within the outer proximity range, the operating point Zp is moved stepwise toward the matching point Zs with a relatively small pitch by using the second matching algorithm. In the second matching algorithm, the operating point Zp is moved close to the third reference line TC1S or TC2S perpendicular to the first or second reference line C1S or C2S along, e.g., the route Zp(7)->Zp(8)->Zp(9) on the impedance coordinates. The coordinates of the operating point Zp(9) reaches an available quasi-matching point ZB extremely close to the origin O (the matching point Zs).

Abstract: The invention provides a plasma processing apparatus capable of minimizing the non-uniformity of potential distribution around wafer circumference, and providing a uniform process across the wafer surface. The apparatus is equipped with a focus ring formed of a dielectric, a conductor or a semiconductor and having RF applied thereto, the design of which is optimized for processing based on a design technique clarifying physical conditions for flattening a sheath-plasma interface above a wafer and the sheath-plasma interface above the focus ring. A surface voltage of the focus ring is determined to be not less than a minimum voltage for preventing reaction products caused by wafer processing from depositing thereon.

Abstract: To stabilize a gas flow at an opening which is provided in a treatment housing for surface treatment, and through which an object is carried in or out. An object 9 is carried through a carry-in opening 13 into a treatment housing 10 along a conveying direction and placed in a treatment space 19. A treatment gas is supplied by a supply system 30 into the treatment space 19 and the object 9 is subjected to surface treatment. The object 9 is carried out through a carry-out opening 14. An exhaust system 40 discharges gas from the treatment housing 10. Each of the openings 13 and 14 is defined by a pair of flow-rectifying faces 17 and 18, which face each other with an interval D therebetween in a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction. A depth L of the openings 13 and 14 along the conveying direction is twice or more, and more preferably six or more, of the interval D.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a take-up vacuum processing apparatus that prevents breakage due to heat generation and occurrence of dielectric breakdown and is suitable for life extension. [Solving Means] An RF electrode (6) is arranged in a vacuum chamber (15). Therefore, for example, compared to the case where a rotation introduction unit such as a capacitor coupling is arranged in an atmospheric pressure, the occurrence of dielectric breakdown between a roller electrode (18) and the RF electrode (6) can be prevented if the inside of the vacuum chamber (15) is maintained in a predetermined degree of vacuum. Further, there are caused no problems of breakage due to heat generation in a conventional rotation introduction unit such as a rotary connector.

Abstract: There is provided a high-speed label transfer/sticking system including a label printer (1) to deliver a printed and separated label, a sensor (15) to detect the delivered label, a label transfer unit (6) formed from an endless adsorption belt disposed near the downstream side of the label printer (1), a work sensor (16) to detect the position to which a work has been carried, a calculating device (31) which, supplied with a detection signal from the work sensor (16), calculates a position of the work, a forward end position of the label and a target labeling position, and a controller (30) to control, based on information calculated by the calculating unit (31), the speed of the label transfer unit variably correspondingly to the work transfer speed of a work conveyor (17).

Abstract: A wafer bonding apparatus of the present invention includes a first sample base configured to hold a first substrate; a second sample base configured to hold a second substrate to oppose to the first substrate; a load transferring section coupled to an outer edge portion of the first sample base and configured to support the first sample base to a first stage; and a drive unit configured to perform pressure bonding on the first substrate and the second substrate by driving the second sample base to the first stage. In the wafer bonding apparatus, it is possible to prevent that a load which is larger than a load applied on the outer edge portion of the first substrate is applied to the center of the first substrate, and to apply uniform load the first substrate and the second substrate, when pressure bonding is performed on the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a blind including a light-shielding sheet 20 having an internal space 22; a connecting string 30 which is received in the internal space 22; and an adjusting string 40 which is connected so as to alternately enclose an outer surface of the connecting string 30. Therefore, the blind has improved functionality and usability.

Abstract: Exemplary window covering apparatus, assemblies, and associated methods are disclosed herein. An exemplary window covering apparatus comprises a headrail, a covering attached to and extending vertically downward from the headrail, a pull cord configured to be operated by a user, a lift cord connecting a bottom of the covering to the pull cord by way of the headrail, the lift cord configured to lift the bottom of the covering to collapse the covering toward the headrail or drop the bottom of the covering to extend the covering away from the headrail when the pull cord is operated by the user, and an elongate sheath that ensheathes an otherwise exposed segment of the lift cord.

Abstract: A headwall for a hospital bed includes at least exposed one medical care element and at least two panels. Each of the panels differs in at least two of shape, size, color, design, texture or projection. The panels may have a shape suggestive of the at one medical care element. The medical care element may include an electrical or gas outlet, a medical device or a medical accessory, for example examination lights, mounts for equipment, baskets, shelves, and patient monitoring equipment such as blood pressure monitors. The panels minimize the prominence of the outlets/devices and/or accessories. Alternatively, a headwall for a hospital bed includes at least one flexible screen configured to cover at least one medical care element. The screen may be raised, lowered, or slid laterally to uncover and cover the medical care element.

Abstract: A window covering with improved controls enhances several aspects of window covering operation. A control mechanism provides a clutch module for selective locking and unlocking of a drive shaft used to retract and extend the shade element between storage and extended positions. The clutch module includes a reciprocator element that engages a key extending from an outer surrounding housing. A locking member between the reciprocator element and a coupling element carried by the drive shaft selectively locks and unlocks rotational coupling between the reciprocator element and the coupling element, thus selectively locking and unlocking the drive shaft. In a cushioning mechanism, a unidirectional dampening or frictional deceleration is provided for the drive shaft. The cushioning mechanism includes an impeller or rotor immersed in a cushion medium that impedes rotation of the rotor, and hence the drive shaft to which the rotor is coupled.

Abstract: A motor spring assembly for use in a sun shade assembly in a vehicle comprises a motor spring housing and a bracket integral with and extending from the housing. The assembly also comprises a cover arranged over one side of the housing and a motor spring arranged within the housing. The assembly further comprises a shaft in contact with the motor spring wherein the shaft rotates with respect to the housing. The assembly also includes a connector arranged over an end of the shaft. The motor spring assembly generally will be arranged and secured within a guide rail of a sun shade assembly thus allowing for a more robust and durable sun shade assembly within an automotive vehicle.

Abstract: A removable barrier having a housing; at least one barrier band retractable from the housing which is intended to be wrapped around furniture legs, where latching an end of the barrier band to either the housing or a second barrier band when retracted forms a physical barrier preventing objects from going under furniture.

Abstract: A method of making personal hygiene articles of high absorbency from cellulosic fiber pulp without chemical cross-linking of the cellulosic fibers is disclosed. The method comprises interposing a sublayer of mechanically fluffed alkali extracted cellulosic fiber pulp between a fluid permeable layer and a fluid impermeable layer.

Abstract: Fibrous structures that exhibit a pore volume distribution such that greater than about 50% of the total pore volume present in the fibrous structure exists in pores of radii of from about 101 ?m to about 200 ?m, and methods for making such fibrous structures are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the control of pitch in an aqueous medium by adding surface-reacted natural calcium carbonate or an aqueous suspension comprising surface-reacted calcium carbonate and having a pH greater than 6.0 measured at 20° C., to the medium, wherein the surface-reacted calcium carbonate is a reaction product of natural calcium carbonate with carbon dioxide and one or more acids, the use of the surface-reacted natural calcium carbonate for pitch control, as well as to a combination of a surface-reacted natural calcium carbonate and talc for pitch control, and the resulting composites.

Abstract: System and method for fusing a chaplet to a casting. The method includes placing the chaplet on an upper surface of a mold; distributing a heater around the chaplet such that the heater is not exposed to the casting; placing a core on the chaplet such that the mold and the core define a component of a machine; heating the chaplet with the heater to a predetermined temperature; and pouring the casting in the mold, around the core and the chaplet, when the chaplet is at the predetermined temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a casting process for an aluminum alloy containing at least about 0.1% of Mg and/or at least about 0.1% of Li in which a liquid surface of said alloy is put into contact with a dried gas including at least about 2% of oxygen by volume and with a water partial pressure lower than about 150 Pa throughout most of the solidification process. The invention makes it possible to cast the most oxidable aluminum alloys, in particular aluminum alloys containing magnesium and/or lithium, without using additives such as beryllium and/or calcium and without using expensive devices and/or gases, to obtain cast ingots generally free from surface defects and pollution, in complete safety.

Abstract: PROBLEMS A method for die-casting that fluidity of molten material is satisfactory and the molten material solidifies with suitable speed is realized. MEANS OF SOLVING THE PROBLEMS A die-casting die 12 comprises a cavity forming surface 9b. A part of the cavity forming surface 9b is coated with a surface treatment layer 24 having a thermal conductivity that increases in connection to an increase in an acted pressure. Satisfactory fluidity is kept at a cavity forming surface 8b coated with the surface treatment layer 24 until a filling of the molten material to the cavity 9 is completed. The molten material is cooled by the cavity forming surface 8b coated with the surface treatment layer 24 increasing the thermal conductivity after the filling of the molten material to the cavity 9 is completed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for manufacturing a down hole tool that reduces manufacturing costs and enhances the tool's performance. A belted mold assembly includes a casting assembly, a belt assembly, and a mid-belt. The belted mold assembly is used to fabricate a casting that allows for a larger diameter blank to be used which displaces the more expensive casting material and for using a smaller outer diameter thin-walled mold. The casting assembly is disposed within the belt assembly and the mid-belt is loaded in the volume created between the casting assembly's outer surface and the belt assembly's inner surface. The mid-belt provides a bracing for the casting assembly during the casting process. Optionally, a cap can be disposed on top of the blank for preventing metallurgical bonds from forming between the binder material and the upper portion of the blank. This allows for the excess binder material to remain high in purity so that it can be reprocessed.

Abstract: A continuous casting device capable of giving lubricating property to a molten metal pouring nozzle without increasing lubricating oil and performing casting with high casting surface quality for a long period of time is provided. In a continuous casting device 1 in which a molten metal pouring nozzle 20 is arranged between a molten metal receiving portion 10 and a mold 40, the molten metal pouring nozzle 20 is equipped with a cylindrical main body portion 22 made of a fire-resistant substance and having a molten metal passage 21, and an annular member 30 having self-lubricating property is arranged on a mold-side end face 23 of the main body portion 22 so as to surround the molten metal passage 21.

Abstract: A continuous casting device for steel of the present invention includes a casting mold for casting a molten steel, a submerged entry nozzle, an electromagnetic stirring device, and an electromagnetic brake device. Further, a curved portion which is curved toward the electromagnetic stirring device is formed at least at a position where the curved portion faces the submerged entry nozzle, on each of the long side walls. Moreover, the horizontal distance between a top of the curved portion and the submerged entry nozzle in plan view is equal to or more than 35 mm and less than 50 mm.

Abstract: A method and/or apparatus for at least one of: protecting the sub-surface metal refrigerant transport tubing of a DX heat pump system from corrosive sub-surface environments via a specially designed protective coating; efficiently insulating the sub-surface liquid refrigerant transport line in a DX heat pump system; and enhancing at least one of the convective heat transfer rate and the efficiency of at least a DX heat pump system; and where the outside diameter (“OD”) of a central containment core upon which to roll a spool of sub-surface refrigerant transport tubing is specially sized so as not to damage any tubing insulation and so as to avoid any “S” bends during ground loop installation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a technical embodiment and a method for utilizing air in conjunction with heat pumps and other domestic installations or the house as such, e.g. basements, staircases etc., said air being heated up on photovoltaic systems. The aim of the invention is to devise a technical embodiment with an improved dimensional shape and a method for utilizing air in conjunction with heat pumps and other domestic installations or the house as such, e.g. basements, staircases etc., said air being heated up on photovoltaic systems. The photovoltaic modules comprise modular mounting rails that extend from the gutter to the rooftop and are arranged on the sloped surface/roofing in such a manner that the channels formed in this manner and generating a current or draft of air have lamellar cages on the lower inlet and ventilators on the upper outlet.

Abstract: A thermal control system of a 3 U height includes various modules for providing temperature control in a rack environment. The modules may be, for example, a power module, user interface module, various different pump assemblies, various different models of fan assemblies, HTAs, and/or a serial communication interfaces.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a header for a heat exchanger that has an inflow side, an outflow side, a bypass port therebetween, and a pressure-sensitive flapper valve proximal the bypass port. As pressure increases at the inflow side of the header, the flapper valve opens proportionally, and, as pressure decreases at the inflow side, the flapper valve closes proportionally. The flapper valve is preferably included as part of a service cartridge assembly to facilitate easy repair and/or replacement of the flapper valve. In some embodiments of the invention, a differential pressure is measured between the inflow and outflow sides, and activation of the heat exchanger is initiated in response to the differential pressure having exceeded a set point.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system and method that comprises at least two parallel apparatus racks and at least two cooling units. The cooling units are configured to produce horizontal cooled airflows toward outer sides of the at least two apparatus rack. The cooling units comprise an upper side inlet for airflow to be cooled. The system and method achieve a more effective cooling of apparatus racks.

Abstract: A cooling system for removing heat from at least one heat generating component with a first low-profile phase plane heat pipe having a geometrically reoriented surface adapted for receiving heat from the at least one heat generating component along a first section of the geometrically reoriented surface, and having a plurality of micro-tubes disposed therein. A heat transfer fluid is contained with the plurality of micro-tubes and a second section of the geometrically reoriented heat pipe surface is disposed in a position geometrically offset from the first section.

Abstract: The heat sink includes a fin set and a heat pipe. The fin set is composed of a plurality of fins and has an exposed area formed on one side thereof. The heat pipe penetrates through the fin set and the exposed area. A portion of the heat pipe is exposed and flattened in the exposed area. The exposed and flattened portion is used for connecting a heat generating device as a thermal junction surface.

Abstract: A component cooling system comprising a heat spreader 104 configured to contact the top surfaces of components mounted on a component board 102. A heat pipe 106 is attached to the top side of the heat spreader 104. A pair of cooling manifolds 200, where each cooling manifold 200 comprises a body 206 having a channel 320 formed in the body 206 and running from a first end of the body 206 to a second end of the body 206. A fluid inlet 202 attached to the body 206 and coupled to the channel 320. A fluid outlet 204 attached to the second end of the body 206 and coupled to the channel 320. At least one heat pipe clamp 210 movable between an open position and a closed position, the heat pipe clamp 210 configured to hold one end of a heat pipe 106 to the top side of the body 206 when in the closed position.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus for removing heat having a low profile unitary member. The low profile unitary member has an evaporator portion and a condenser portion. The evaporator portion is thermally exposed to a heat generating component. The condenser portion is disposed at an elevated angle with respect to the evaporator portion. A plurality of microtubes are disposed within the first low profile extrusion. The plurality of microtubes have a heat transfer fluid contained therein. A second plurality of low profile extrusion members are mounted as fins on the evaporator section of the low profile unitary member. Heat is transferred from the heat generating component to the heat transfer fluid contained with the microtubes located within the evaporator portion. The heat transfer fluid to which the heat was transferred migrates to the condenser portion of the low profile unitary member by way of the microtubes. The heat transfer fluid is cooled in the condenser portion of the low profile unitary member.

Abstract: A wound tube heat exchanger 10 article that receives a heat exchange fluid and its method of manufacture. The exchanger 10 has one or more layers 12 of a tube 14. In one embodiment, the tube surface is bare. In other embodiments, the outside tube surface is enhanced to produce turbulence. At least some of the layers 12 have an ovate oblong configuration. A pair of opposing linear runs 16,18 is connected by a pair of opposing curved sections 20,22. In some embodiments, the layers are circular, oval or rectangular with radiused corners. An elongate spacer member 24 has forwardly 26 and rearwardly 28 facing edges. Defined within those edges are engagement surfaces 30 that detachably retain the opposing linear runs 16,18.

Abstract: An indirect evaporative cooling apparatus in which a substrate is disposed between a wet channel used to induce an evaporation phenomenon and a dry channel through which cooled air passes, the wet channel and the dry channel are arrayed in layers in an alternating manner, the substrate is cooled by the evaporation phenomenon occurring within the wet channel, substrates that cool the air in the dry channel by heat transfer are layered and disposed, wherein the substrate forming the wet channel and the dry channel is formed by a plastic sheet; a substrate is used in which a plurality of projections are formed as spacers on one side of the substrate of the wet channel and the dry channel, and numerous projections are formed by emboss-patterning on the surface of the substrate on which the spacers are formed and dimples are integrally formed on a back surface.