Abstract: A water treatment system is disclosed having electrolytic cell for liberating hydrogen from a base solution. The base solution may be a solution of brine for generating sodium hypochlorite, or potable water to be oxidized. The cell has first and second opposing electrode endplates held apart from each other by a pair of supports such that the supports enclose opposing sides of the endplates to form a cell chamber. One or more inner electrode plates are spaced apart from each other in the cell chamber in between the first and second electrode plates. The supports are configured to electrically isolate the first and second electrode plates and the inner electrode plates from each other. The first and second electrode plates are configured to receive opposite polarity charges that passively charge the inner electrode plates via conduction from the base solution to form a chemical reaction in the base solution as the base solution passes through the cell chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing hydrogen comprising: contacting steam 20 with a proton conducting membrane 7 supported on a porous redox stable substrate 8, through said substrate 8. The membrane 7 is non-permeable to molecular gas and to oxide ions. A DC voltage is applied across an anode 15 coupled to the substrate side of the membrane and a cathode 9,11 coupled to its other side so as to dissociate at least part of the steam 20, into protonic hydrogen and oxygen at said anode 15. The protonic hydrogen passes through the membrane and forms molecular hydrogen 23 at the cathode 9, 11.

Abstract: A method for cleaning a surface of stainless steel includes: a rinsing step, in which a stainless steel tube having carbon residues is subjected to surface cleaning; a disposition step, in which the tube is disposed into an electrolytic tank containing therein a stainless steel cylinder and positive and negative electrodes of a power source are respectively connected to the tube and the cylinder; an electrolyte preparation step, in which phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid are mixed and then added with glycerin to prepare an electrolyte, which is then added into the tank; an electricity supplying step, in which electrical power is supplied to the tube and the cylinder with the current density flowing through the electrolyte, the temperature, and time period of supplying electricity being properly set; and a cleaning step, in which the electrolyte removes carbon residues from a surface of the tube and polishes the surface.

Abstract: An electrolyser (100) comprising an electrolysis cell stack (101) inside a pressure vessel (115), wherein the first terminal end plate (107a) of the cell stack is integral with one a closed ends of the pressure vessel, thus forming a stationary head (107) of the cell stack equipped with the fluid and electric connections, and the second terminal end plate (108a) of the cell stack is inside the vessel and is free to move in a longitudinal direction in response to thermal expansion or contraction, thus forming a floating head (108) of the stack. The pressure vessel (115) is preferably pressurized using a gaseous product obtained in the process of electrolysis.

Abstract: A detection system is presented. The detection system includes a sensing component and a data analyzer. The sensing component includes a first sensor and a second sensor in fluid communication with the first sensor. The first sensor is disposed to allow operation at a predetermined temperature T1 and is selective to a first gas species at T1 and in presence of a second gas species. The second sensor is disposed to allow operation at a temperature T2 and is sensitive to the first gas species and a second gas species at T2. Temperature T2 is lower than T1. The data analyzer is disposed to receive an output signal from the sensing component and configured to calculate concentrations of the first gas species and the second gas species based on the output signal from the sensing component. A method of calculating concentrations of gas species in a gaseous mixture is also presented.

Abstract: A corrosion sensor system includes a substrate with a hydrophilic coating and a sensor array attached to the substrate, the sensor array manufactured of a noble metal. The sensor system operates to determine a time of wetness measurement based upon an electrolyte conductivity and a temperature.

Abstract: A sensor element is provided for determining at least one physical property of a gas mixture in at least one gas chamber, which includes at least one component to be identified, especially oxygen, and at least one oxidizable component, especially a combustion gas. The sensor element has at least one first electrode, at least one second electrode, and at least one solid electrolyte connecting the at least one first electrode and the at least one second electrode. The at least one second electrode has a lower catalytic activity, particularly a lower electrocatalytic activity with respect to the at least one oxidizable component than the at least one first electrode.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of determining a charged particle concentration in an analyte (100), the method comprising steps of: i) determining at least two measurement points of a surface-potential versus interface-temperature curve (c1, c2, c3, c4), wherein the interface temperature is defined as a temperature of the interface between a measurement electrode and the analyte (100), wherein the surface-potential is defined at the interface, and ii) calculating the charged particle concentration from locations of the at least two measurement points of said curve (c1, c2, c3, c4).This method, which still is a potentiometric electrochemical measurement, exploits the temperature dependency of a surface-potential of a measurement electrode. The invention further provides an electrochemical sensor and electrochemical sensor system for determining a charged particle concentration in an analyte. The invention also provides various sensors which can be used to determine the charged particle concentration, i.e.

Abstract: This disclosure describes electrochemical biosensors produced using click chemistry.

Abstract: A trim, compact combination case dedicated to storing a cell phone (or PDA or other small electronic device) and an accessible pair of eyeglasses is disclosed. The combination cell phone and eyeglass case includes a phone housing compartment and an adjacent eyeglass housing compartment, which are configured to hold the juxtaposed cell phone and eyeglasses. The phone housing compartment and the eyeglass housing compartment are permanently attached by a joining mechanism. An optional eyeglass-housing cap and an optional swivel belt clip are also disclosed. The compact design allows the combination case to be easily carried in a bag, purse, briefcase or pocket. The combination case advantageously positions the eyeglasses oriented and located for quick retrieval when needed to view the phone screen or buttons.

Abstract: The invention concerns a glasses case including a bottom panel, a frame and four side walls, which case has a folded configuration in which a first panel and a second panel of each wall of a first pair of side walls are inclined towards each other pointing outwardly whereas a first panel and a second panel of each wall of a second pair of side walls are inclined towards each other pointing inwardly, and a deployed configuration in which a first panel and a second panel of each side wall are inclined towards each other pointing inwardly, and a first panel and a second panel of each wall of the first pair of side walls bear on the remaining sides of the panels of the second pair of side walls.

Abstract: A case for protecting and storing a preselected electronics device includes a flexible fabric material body and a strip of fabric extending from a portion of the body. The strip of fabric has an open and an inverted closed position. The body and strip of fabric in the closed position are together configured to envelope and tightly fit contours of the preselected electronics device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vial (10) for receiving goods (30) in a leak-proof arrangement, with a body (14) and a cap (12) connected via a hinge (16), the vial comprising a mold (26) for receiving lamellar goods (30), with the mold having a height which is less than the length of lamellar goods wherein a cavity (40) is formed between said mold receiving the stack of lamellar goods and the container body which cavity (40) receives desiccant material (44).

Abstract: A waiter or waitress portfolio organizer containing specifically configured pockets each of which are adapted for holding currency, a multi-page order pad, completed order receipts, billing receipts and a writing utensil. The organizer also contains easy accessible transparent pockets configured to only hold 5 or less sheets of point of sale (POS) paper receipts less than 3½ in width and 0.06 mm to 0.1 mm in thickness for waiters or waitress to easily read papers for restaurant drink or dinner specials or special waiter or waitress notes. The organizer that is built of durable materials that withstands long periods of use, maintains a sleek, professional appearance and has a thin profile for easy storage. The organizer contains a versatile, easy to use system of tools to help restaurant servers present specials to customers, take orders, maintain records of all orders, maintain bills, and maintain collected currency.

Abstract: A wheel storage and transport frame comprising: a floor; a first corner pillar fixedly attached to the floor; a second corner pillar fixedly attached to the floor; a third corner pillar fixedly attached to the floor; a fourth corner pillar fixedly attached to the floor; a first end wall fixedly attached to the floor and the first and second corner pillars; a rear wall fixedly attached the floor and the second and third corner pillars; a second end wall fixedly attached to the floor and third and fourth corner pillars; a rotatable front panel rotatably attached to the floor via at least one hinged element, and adjacent to the first and fourth corner pillars, the bottom of the rotatable front panel remaining generally parallel to the floor, and the top of the rotatable front panel also remaining generally parallel to the floor and also moveable in generally a circular path.

Abstract: There is provided a package structure for packing a flat display unit which improves workability in taking a flat display unit out of a packing box. A lower cushioning material which supports a display portion of the flat display unit from below has a manual insertion portion so that the display portion can be held at a portion close to a lifting person's body when the display portion is taken out of a lower part of the packing box. A reinforcing rib is provided on a front side of the lower cushioning material to prevent damage to the lower cushioning material due to a reduction in strength. To prevent the lower cushioning material from being taken out together with the display portion when the display portion is taken out, a recess is provided in the lower cushioning material so that the recess is caught on a bending portion in the lower part when the display portion is taken out.

Abstract: The “STIX UP CELL CUP” invention protects cellular phones from damage and serves as a storage container.

Abstract: A shell for an electronic device is provided. The shell includes a shell body with an opening formed thereon, and a light transmitting plate mounted onto the shell body to cover the opening. The shell body is formed by hot-pressing at least two layers of carbon fiber fabrics prepreged with a thermosetting resin.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a pallet container (1) comprising a base portion (10) and a cage portion (20), wherein the cage portion (20) is connected with the base portion (10) to define an inner region (21) which is sized and shaped to accept a container (30). The pallet container (1) comprises shock absorbing means (40) to absorb and dissipate Shockwaves, preventing the shock from propagating through the pallet container.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a glyphosate formulation with enhanced viscosity, said formulation containing a thickening composition comprising at least one nitrogen-containing surfactant.

Abstract: Three-dimensional, sports-related cover assemblies (34, 84, 94, 108, 126, 144) for propane tanks (32) are provided in order to permit sport- or team-related decoration of the tanks (32). The cover assemblies (34, 84, 94, 108, 126, 144) may be separable from the tanks (32) or may be integrated and unitized with the tanks (32). The assemblies (34, 84, 94, 108, 126, 144) have substantially rigid, contoured or concavo-convex outer walls presenting surfaces (70, 86, 104, 112, 130, 150), which are configured to give the three-dimensional likeness or appearance of a sports-related item, such as athletic head gear, footwear, balls, or other equipment.

Abstract: A package comprises a security device where a security loop is formed integrally with the package for detecting a breach of the package. Additionally, the security loop may be formed with a portion to be interrupted if the contents are removed from the package.

Abstract: A rigid and tamper evident evidence container exhibiting interconnected sides, a bottom and upwardly extending and inter-foldable flaps for sealing and holding items of evidence in a secure and documentation verifiable fashion. The rigid and corrugated material exhibits either waterproof/non-fluid absorbent or fluid absorbent properties and is particularly suited for use by law enforcement personnel in the collection of evidence for criminal prosecution. Access and tamper-evident resealing structure is located along at least one facing side of the rigid material to allow for documentable re-entry of a pre-sealed container. The tamper-evident resealing structure includes a corrugated punch out section for establishing access to previously tagged evidence, combined with an over sized rigid or flexible patch with a tacky application surface for establishing secure re-closure of the opening.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reclosable blister package assembly for accommodating center-filled gum pieces. The package assembly includes a blister tray having an open face and a blister cavity for supporting the gum pieces. The blister tray includes a plurality of ribs within the blister cavity for separating the gum pieces. A cover overlies the blister tray and covers the open face of the tray.

Abstract: A food container including a container cover, a container body, and an interlocking arrangement which includes a stacking seat continuously indent at a top surface of the container cover along a peripheral edge thereof and an engaging rim continuously protruded at a bottom surface of the container body along a peripheral edge of the bottom wall, wherein the engaging rim has a size and shape geometrically matching with the stacking seat in such a manner that when the container is arranged in stack formation above another the identical container, the engaging rim is complementarily coupled with the stacking seat to engage the bottom surface of the container cover with the top surface of the identical container so as to substantially retain said two containers in position and avoid a lateral relative movement between the two containers.

Abstract: The formed product of the present invention is a formed product selected from the group consisting of a vertical form fill seal pouch, a container cover and a vacuum packaging pouch. The formed product is formed using a gas barrier layered product. The gas barrier layered product includes a base, and at least one layer with gas barrier properties that is stacked on the base. The layer is formed of a composition that includes a hydrolyzed condensate of a compound (L) and a neutralized product of a polymer (X) containing a carboxyl group or a carboxylic acid anhydride group. The compound (L) includes a compound (A) that contains M1 (Al, Ti or Zr) to which a hydrolyzable characteristic group is bonded and a compound (B) that contains Si to which a hydrolyzable characteristic group is bonded. At least part of —COO— group of the polymer (X) is neutralized with a metal ion having a valence of at least two. At least 80 mol % of the compound (B) is a compound expressed by a specific formula.

Abstract: Dispensing containers are taught which are strengthened by applying tape at certain locations of the containers. A dispensing container for housing and sequentially dispensing packets is taught. Also taught are the carton blanks for erecting the respective containers. A length of packets created by severably attaching sequential packets along respective tear lines is rolled or folded then positioned within the container for later dispensing. Child-resistance features that impede removal of each packet include routing the length of packets between opposing panels or between opposing panels and an edge of folded panels that exert a lateral pressure on the packets. In some embodiments the panels include apertures that catch or otherwise engage a feature of a packet, such as a blister, to further impede removal of each packet. To further impede removal of a packet, access notches that allow the user to grasp the packet are narrowly constructed.

Abstract: A packaging blank includes a first panel and a second panel. The first panel defines at least one blister aperture and at least one tool portion. The second panel defines at least one tab strip and at least one tool access portion. The at least one tab strip is at least partially severable from the packaging blank. The at least one tool access portion is substantially completely severable from the packaging blank. The first panel and the second panel are configured to be positioned relative to one another in a face contacting arrangement such that a first portion of a given tool portion is to be operably aligned with a corresponding tool access portion. As such, the first portion of the given tool portion thereby is capable of being accessed by a tool via the corresponding tool access portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a deep-drawable multi-layer film having low water vapor and oxygen permeability, the inventive film being suitable for blister packaging and preferably including a layer composite specifically a PVC/PVDC/PCTFE/PVC composite.

Abstract: A tray, in particular for catering purposes onboard aircrafts, including a tray body defining a receiving surface for receiving thereon items to be carried by use of the tray. The tray body includes an interlocking device for releasably engaging an interlocking device of the tray body of a similar tray, when at least two trays are positioned such that the receiving surfaces of the tray bodies are overlapping each other partially. The interlocking device of the trays interacting such that when one of the trays is drawn in a drawing direction, the other tray is moved along in the drawing direction.

Abstract: A packaging system for a cosmetic system includes a reduced-space packaging unit having a first container and a second container. The first container stores and dispenses a first cosmetic component and the second container (stores and dispenses a second cosmetic component. The first container includes a closure to which the second container mounts.

Abstract: A shipping carton with an integral cushion support. The carton includes a bottom, two side walls and two end walls extending vertically from the base, and a top. The top and bottom of the carton include two side flaps and two end flaps that are used to close the top and bottom in a conventional manner. The end flaps preferably include a integrally formed cushion support that includes an elongate body having a triangular cross-sectional shape defined by a vertical wall extending away from the end flap and an inclined wall extending from the end of the vertical wall towards the end flap. One or more locking tabs extend from the end of the inclined wall of the cushion support and engage one or more slots formed in the end flap. Alternatively, a locking member extends away from the end flap in the same direction as the vertical wall of the cushion support and includes a locking slot formed adjacent the end flap that is engaged by the one or more locking tabs to lock the cushion support in place.

Abstract: The substrate storage pod includes a pod case which includes a hollow inner space for storing a substrate, and an opening; a lid member which is capable of sealing the opening; an exhaust port for exhausting a replacement gas in the hollow inner space of the pod case; and an exhaust space which is defined in the hollow inner space so as to communicate to the exhaust port. The exhaust space is defined in the hollow inner space by a multi-hole partition member including multiple holes and by an inner surface of the pod case. In the substrate storage pod, back pressure on an exhaust side can be lowered, and hence dust in the pod can be collected to the exhaust side.

Abstract: The substrate storage pod includes a pod case for housing a substrate, and an opening, a lid member which closes and seals the opening, a buffer space which is defined in the lid member, an air-supply port for supplying a replacement gas into the buffer space; and multiple holes which are arranged so as to establish communication between the buffer space and an inner plate of the lid member in a state of being fit-inserted to the opening of the pod case, for sending out the replacement gas into the hollow inner space, the replacement gas having been supplied into the buffer space, the inner plate facing the hollow inner space of the pod case. With this, pressure variation of the replacement gas in supply pipes is blocked, and hence replacement-gas flow in a stable laminar state free from disturbance can be obtained.

Abstract: A crude product composition is provided. The crude product composition contains from 0.001 wt. % to 5 wt. % residue. The crude product composition contains hydrocarbons having a boiling point in the ranges of at most 204° C., from 204° C. to 300° C., from 300° C. to 400° C., and from 400° C. to 538° C. The hydrocarbons boiling in a range of at most 204° C. comprise paraffins, where the paraffins comprise iso-paraffins and n-paraffins, and the weight ratio of iso-paraffins to n-paraffins is at most 1.4.

Abstract: A method and system for extracting hydrocarbon products from waste tailings of a froth flotation unit and a paraffinic froth treatment process are provided. Bitumen and asphaltenes from the waste tailings are extracted using a serial addition of an aromatic solvent, followed by a polar-non-polar solvent. The method and system divert valuable hydrocarbons from tailings ponds. The hydrocarbon product can be used as a coating material or an emulsion fuel, for example.

Abstract: Systems and methods for hydroprocessing heavy oil feedstock is disclosed. The process employs a plurality of contacting zones and at least a separation zone to convert at least a portion of the heavy oil feedstock to lower boiling hydrocarbons, forming upgraded products. In one embodiment, water and/or steam being injected into at least a contacting zone. The contacting zones operate under hydrocracking conditions, employing at least a slurry catalyst. In one embodiment, at least a portion of the non-volatile fractions recovered from at least one of the separation zones is recycled back to at least a contacting zone (“recycled mode”). In one embodiment, the number of separation zones is less than the number of contacting zones in the system. In the separation zones, upgraded products are removed overhead and optionally treated in an in-line hydrotreater; and the bottom stream is optionally further treated in a fractionator.

Abstract: A start-up method of a fractionator which fractionally distills FT synthesized hydrocarbons produced by the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, the method includes: discharging light FT synthesized hydrocarbons which exist in a gaseous state in an FT reactor performing the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction from the FT reactor to the outside; cooling down the light FT synthesized hydrocarbons discharged from the FT reactor for liquefaction; supplying the liquefied light FT synthesized hydrocarbons to the fractionator; and heating the light FT synthesized hydrocarbons and circulating the light FT synthesized hydrocarbons to the fractionator.

Abstract: An automated machine is used to handle and manipulate individual pieces of particulate matter. The particulate matter is contained in a bin. The machine operates to pick single individual pieces of the particulate matter from the bin. The picked individual pieces are then conveyed for further handling. Pneumatic transport is primarily used for the conveying operation. One aspect of the handling involves individually weighing each piece of the picked particulate matters. Another aspect of the handling involves sorting the individual pieces of particulate matter into a plurality of receptacles. Yet another aspect of the handling involves both weighing and then sorting the individual pieces of particulate matter, wherein the sorting operation may be performed based upon the measured weight of each piece.

Abstract: A method and system of providing ultrapure water for semiconductor fabrication operations is provided. The water is treated by utilizing a free radical scavenging system and a free radical removal system. The free radical scavenging system can utilize actinic radiation with a free radical precursor compound, such as ammonium persulfate. The free radical removal system can comprise use of a reducing agent. The ultrapure water may be further treated by utilizing ion exchange media and degasification apparatus. A control system can be utilized to regulate addition of the precursor compound, the intensity of the actinic radiation, and addition of the reducing agent to the water.

Abstract: A modularizable system for water treatment having a low energy requirement to process water for reuse at the residence which results in a reduction in the amount of fossil fuels required to power large water processing stations and transfer water from water plants to individual residences is disclosed. The system increases availability of water at the residential level in areas where water is a limited or limiting resource (e.g., in arid climates). Furthermore, the amount of water a residence uses in a given cycle is more efficient. The system is in communication with a central station which enables it to send repair signals or facilitate repair of the system.

Abstract: Novolak resins are incorporated for enhancing the acid resistance of polyamide compositions. Polyamide compositions containing such novolak resins are useful for producing various plastic shaped articles, such as calibrated particles or injection-molded parts, and are particularly useful for the recovery of sludge, liquids, and gases present in underground reservoirs, especially in the field of hydrocarbon extraction such as crude oil or natural gas.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel filter for removing sulfur containing compounds from an internal combustion fuel stream. In one embodiment, the fuel filter comprises at least one column comprising an adsorbent. In one exemplary embodiment the adsorbent is capable of removing sulfur containing compounds, especially sulfur containing aromatic compounds, from fuels used in internal combustion engines, especially diesel fuels. Also disclosed is an apparatus for extending the life cycle of a post combustion emission control device. In one exemplary embodiment, the apparatus comprises a fuel filter for removing sulfur containing compounds from an internal combustion fuel stream and an emission control device. Finally, a method for removing sulfur containing compounds from an internal combustion fuel stream is disclosed.

Abstract: A system and method for degassing a cavitation fluid is provided. The cavitation system of the invention includes a cavitation chamber with one or more cavitation drivers and a degassing system coupled to the chamber. One or more heaters, such as resistive heaters, are coupled to an external surface of the cavitation chamber such that heat from the heaters is transmitted through the wall of the cavitation chamber and into localized regions of the cavitation fluid contained within the cavitation chamber. The heater or heaters increase the temperature of the localized regions of the cavitation fluid to a temperature above the boiling temperature of the cavitation fluid, thereby creating vapor bubbles which capture gas trapped within the cavitation fluid through a rectified diffusion process. A cavitation fluid cooler can be used to insure that the average temperature of the cavitation fluid is below that of the boiling temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to a combination filter arrangement (1) having a hollow cylindrical filter element (2) for filtering a first fluid medium, having a temperature compensation medium separated by means of cylindrical separating wall (5), as a second fluid medium in an area between the separating wall (5) and an outer housing (9) of the combination filter arrangement (1). The first fluid medium is made of a urea-water mixture, or comprises a urea-water additive having a higher freezing temperature than the first and the second fluid medium, and at least the separating wall (5) has an elasticity such that the volume expansion by freezing the urea-water additive can be absorbed.

Abstract: In general, this disclosure relates to extracorporeal fluid circuits. In some aspects, an air-release device for allowing air to be released from a liquid in extracorporeal circuitry includes an elongate chamber having a bottom region and a top region and a fluid entry port and fluid exit port at or near the bottom region. The air release device also includes a vent structure at or near the top region of the elongate chamber that includes a porous material capable of swelling when moistened such that the vent structure can inhibit liquid from escaping the air-release device during use.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new design for high capacity stationary phases for chromatography, for example, ion chromatography. The stationary phases include a first polymer layer in contact with and at least partially coating the substrate of the stationary phase. The first polymer layer serves as a foundation for the attachment, and in various embodiments, the growth and attachment, of a highly hyperbranched polymer structure, typically based on one or more products of condensation polymerization. Multiple components are of use in forming the first polymer layer and the hyperbranched polymer structure, thereby providing a stationary phase that can be engineered to have a desired property such as ion capacity, ion selectivity, and the like. Exemplary condensation polymers are formed by the reaction of at least one polyfunctional compound with at least one compound of complimentary reactivity, e.g., a nucleophilic polyfunctional compound reacting with an electrophilic compound.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein include graphitic stationary phase materials functionalized through a gas-phase functionalization reaction, as well as and methods for making and using these materials, including the use of these materials in separation technologies such as, but not limited to, chromatography and solid phase extraction. In an embodiment, a functionalized graphitic stationary phase material may be prepared from high surface area porous graphitic carbon and a radical forming volatilized functionalizing agent. The radical forming volatilized functionalizing agent produces an intermediate that forms a covalent bond with the surface of the porous graphitic material and imparts desired properties to the surface of the graphitic carbon.

Abstract: A multicapillary column especially useful for liquid chromatography and sample preparation comprising a plurality of uniform capillaries coated with an insoluble stationary phase, wherein the thickness of the stationary phase is correlated with the radius of the individual capillaries for high efficiency.

Abstract: A system and method allow for the installation and removal of curved screen elements from a shaker table. Pneumatic cylinders are used to move hold down bars either up to allow for screen elements to be installed or removed from the screen bed section assembly, or down to clamp screen elements into the screen bed section assembly of a shaker so that the screen elements will not move during shaker operations. Each curved screen element may have a different radius. Self-adjusting hold down bars compensate for adjacent screen elements having edges that are parallel but at different elevations. The self-adjusting hold down bars also compensate for adjacent screen elements having edges that are not parallel.