Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided including an engine block, a cylinder head mounted on the engine block including a combustion face forming a portion of a combustion chamber, wherein the combustion face includes a pent-roof portion and a hemispherical shaped portion. A first intake valve port formed in the cylinder head includes a first intake valve port opening formed in the pent-roof portion while a second intake valve port formed in the cylinder head includes a second intake valve port opening formed in the pent-roof portion. An exhaust valve port formed in the cylinder head includes an exhaust valve port opening formed in the hemispherical shaped portion. A transition portion may also be included to blend the combustion face connecting the pent-roof and the hemispherical portions. One or more spark plug bore openings are formed and optimally positioned in the combustion face.

Abstract: The fact that “with respect to a process in which the output value of a downstream air-fuel ratio sensor (sensor output value) is inverted from the minimum output value to the maximum output value during execution of an active control, the local maximum and minimum values of the secondary differential value of the sensor output value is widely affected by the size of the response delay of the downstream air-fuel ratio sensor and the size of the degree of the degradation of the three-way catalyst” is utilized. By preliminarily acquiring and memorizing, as maps, these relations obtained through an experiment, and applying the “local maximum and minimum values of the secondary differential value of the sensor output value” calculated from the transition of the sensor output value acquired during execution of the active control to the maps, the response delay (time constant) of the downstream air-fuel ratio sensor is acquired.

Abstract: A releasable mount comprising two mounting posts that releasably engage into notches in the ends of a resilient, generally C-shaped bracket. The releasable mount is particularly useful to releasably mount an archery accessory such as an arrow quiver to an archery bow, tree or tree stand or the like. The arrow quiver may include a hood having an arrow retaining insert for receiving an arrow with a single-point or a 2-4 bladed broadhead. The quiver may also include an arrow gripper having a plurality of fingers whose sides define expandable oval slots between adjacent fingers into which the arrows are loaded.

Abstract: A crossbow may include a main beam: (a) a bow assembly including a bow and a bow string adapted to propel an arrow; (b) a trigger mechanism mounted to the main beam; (c) and a bow assembly mounting apparatus for use in selectively mounting the bow assembly at a first location on the main beam to provide a first draw weight and for use in selectively mounting the bow assembly to a second location on the main beam to provide a second draw weight that is substantially different from the first draw weight.

Abstract: An electric toy gun having therein a power break control mechanism consisting of an actuator, a power break control set and a swinging block for breaking off power supply upon triggering of the trigger when the clip is empty. When the clip is empty and when the trigger is pressed, the actuator is forced by a spring-loaded lift rod at the bullet outlet of the clip to move the swinging block and the power break control set, causing a power break holder to be moved away from a power contact holder, and therefore power supply is disconnected, avoiding waste of power supply and component damage.

Abstract: The invention provides a demolition tool comprising a chisel and a bounce back element.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a housing including a first side having a first opening and a second side having a second opening. At least one fan creates an airflow through the housing between the first opening and the second opening. A motor activates the at least one fan to create the airflow. A control mechanism controls the motor. A mounting for the housing enables the apparatus to direct the airflow about an air conversion device, thereby increasing an efficiency of the air conversion device.

Abstract: An outdoor gas heater used in the field is provided. The outdoor gas heater includes a primary combustion net having a dual net structure. A wind-proof cover is provided to protect a thermocouple. Fuel gas is concentrated into a fuel gas discharge hole formed in the wind-proof cover so that an initial ignition performance is improved. A support is provided to support the outdoor gas heater from the top surface of a gas container. A fuel gas inlet tube is vertically installed between a head unit and a safety valve while being spaced apart from an adjustment handle, and a fire extinguishing safety device is provided behind the fuel gas inlet tube, so that the fire extinguishing safety device is hidden by the fuel gas inlet tube, thereby minimizing a volume of the gas heater without degrading aesthetic appearance of the gas heater.

Abstract: A portable barbecue has generally planar front and rear panels hingedly coupled together at their lower ends and openable to form a generally V-sectioned trough. A grill is mountable between the front and rear panels to support food to be cooked by heating elements selected from solid fuel, gas burners and electric elements and located beneath the grill in the trough. A stand is adapted to support the trough above a support surface. The stand has front and rear legs at each end of the trough. These legs are hingedly connected at their upper ends and adapted to be opened out to form an inverted V configuration. The legs are hingedly coupled to ends of the front and rear panels at positions below the hinged connection between the legs and above the hinged connection between the front and rear panels so that the panels and legs can open and close together in lazy-tongs fashion.

Abstract: The present abstract refers to a utility model patent for a raising mechanism (1) of a movable lower grill grid (103), in the field of barbecue grill components and comprising: lever (2), mounted to the lateral columns of the frame (100) of the barbecue grill and an axial spindle (3) provided in its middle point; a cross-sectional rotary axis (4), arranged below the fixed upper grill grid (101) and a toothed wheel (5) whose one end engages the spindle (3); pulleys (6) mounted to the respective ends of the axis (4); and steel cables (7) whose ends are mounted to the pulleys (6) and the lower ends mounted to the lateral tabs (8) of the lower grill grid (103); a casing for housing and protecting the mechanism substantially consisting of: two hollow columns (10), located in the middle points of the frame sidewalls (100) house the spindles (3), gears (5), pulleys (6) and steel cables (7), and feature longitudinal notches (11) turned inside the barbecue grill receiving the tabs (8); and a hollow upper cross member

Abstract: A charcoal grill includes a vessel configured to hold and burn charcoal for cooking food. The charcoal grill may include a receptacle moveable between a first position in which the receptacle is positioned for collecting ashes from charcoal burned in the vessel and a second position in which the receptacle is separated from the vessel for disposal of the collected ashes. Additionally, or alternatively, the vessel may define a passage extending from an exterior side of the vessel to an interior side of the vessel for permitting a starter device to be inserted into the passage for igniting charcoal within the vessel. Additionally, or alternatively, the charcoal grill may include a vent system including at least one vent opening extending through a portion of the vessel, a vent cover movable with respect to the vent opening between a closed position and an open position, and at least one calibration associated with the vent cover between the closed position and the open position.

Abstract: A diptube assembly for a flameless thermal oxidizer having a matrix bed of media is provided. The diptube assembly comprises a fuel conduit at least partially positioned within the matrix bed for delivering fuel. An oxidizing agent conduit is at least partially positioned within the matrix bed for delivering oxidizing agents, wherein the oxidizing agent conduit is separate from the fuel conduit. At least one mixing conduit is positioned within the matrix bed and configured to receive fuel from the fuel conduit and the oxidizing agent from the oxidizing agent conduit. The mixing conduit is positioned to deliver the combination of fuel and oxidizing agents into the matrix bed of media.

Abstract: A cooking apparatus is provides, and the apparatus comprising: a firebowl having a peripheral edge, a bottomside, a topside opening and at least one aperture; at least one grill situated over the topside opening of the firebowl; at least one shelf having a topside surface and an underside designed to receive a griddle, and the shelves having a protrusion designed to fit and pivotally rotate within the apertures of the firebowl allowing each of the shelves to be rotated in a first position situated over the grill and a second position away from the grill, the aperture of the firebowl is situated adjacent a portion of the peripheral edge of the firebowl; and at least one griddle designed to be received within the underside of the shelf during a storage position, and the griddle may be placed upon a topside surface of the grill during a usage position.

Abstract: A water heater includes: an inner tank having an internal cavity configured to hold water therein; a heating device residing in the internal cavity; an outer lining that surrounds the inner tank, a gap being present between the outer lining and the inner tank; and insulation material located in the gap. The gap is under a vacuum of between about 5 and 200 microns. In this configuration, the water heater can have an R value in excess of 500. With this level of insulative capacity, water stored in the water heater may lose only 2° F. or less over a 24 hour period, thereby substantially outperforming conventional water heaters.

Abstract: This invention relates to solar engineering. The solar collector, which comprises a closed enclosure and an absorber 5 with channels for a liquid heat carrier, is designed in the form of a cylindrical portion having radius R1 and an axis coinciding with the axis of the central cylindrical portion 1 of the enclosure. The absorber 5 consists of thin-walled, interconnected modules. The modules are provided with bulges on the rear side thereof, in which channels with slots are made for arranging pipes forming heat-carrier flowing channels. In addition, the absorber can be designed in the form of a storage tank. The shape of the collector is optimized in such a way that the axes of the two lateral cylindrical portions 2 thereof are remote at distance L and the central cylindrical portion 1 is as remote as possible from a plane 3 tangential to the lateral cylindrical portions 2 at a distance H having the defined ratio of geometric parameters.

Abstract: An improved window system for a solar receiver provides a high level of impedance to thermal re-radiation while minimizing Fresnel losses. The window system is characterized by a bundled array of optically transmissive members. In further aspects, a solar receiver employing the window system and a method for manufacture are provided.

Abstract: A conventional respiratory nebulizer has an emergency medication dose storage system delivering the stored medication dose directly to the nebulizing chamber with a single impulse of force to a simple mechanical delivery system, thereby making the nebulizer useable in two steps: (a) opening the medication capsule with a simple opening action; and (b) inhaling the nebulized medication. The delivery system includes a plunger assembly having a pair of converging blades coming to a point for piercing a medication capsule held within a docking chamber adjacent to a nebulizing mixing chamber and a hollow needle connected to an air power source directing air through said needle, to force liquid medication from said pierced medication capsule into said nebulizing mixing chamber of said nebulizer.

Abstract: A manually operated metered dose inhaler includes a dose counter chamber including a dose display tape driven by a ratchet wheel which is driven in turn by an actuator pawl actuated by movement of a canister, the tape unwinding from a stock bobbin during use of the inhaler, a rotation regulator being provided for the stock bobbin and including a wavelike engagement surface with concavities which engage against control elements in the form of protrusions on resilient forks of a split pin thereby permitting incremental unwinding of the stock bobbin yet resisting excessive rotation if the inhaler is dropped onto a hard surface.

Abstract: An intra-bronchial device may be placed and anchored in an air passageway of a patient to collapse a lung portion associated with the air passageway. The device includes an obstructing member that prevents air from being inhaled into the lung portion, and an anchor that anchors the obstruction device within the air passageway. The anchor may piercingly engage the air passageway wall. The anchor may be releasable from the air passageway for removal of the obstructing member. The anchor may be releasable by collapsing a portion of the obstructing member, or by drawing the obstructing member toward the larynx. The obstructing member may be a one-way valve.

Abstract: A CPAP device includes a humidifier including humidifier tub having a heat conducting base plate; and a cradle to support the humidifier tub in an operative position. The cradle may also support a flow generator in operative relation to the humidifier tub. The cradle includes a heater plate in communication with the heat conducting base plate of the humidifier tub in use. The cradle further includes a retaining mechanism to retain the humidifier tub in the cradle, the retaining mechanism being structured to force the base plate into engagement with the heater plate. The humidifier and/or flow generator may include various features to manage inadvertent back-spill of water from the humidifier to the flow generator.

Abstract: A connecting unit for fixing components in a breathing system permits simple manufacture and provides good performance characteristics. The connecting unit includes a plug adapter (2) having a sealing element (1). The sealing element (1) has a first peripheral fastening thickening (4), a second fastening thickening (5) arranged at a distance to the first fastening thickening (4), as well as an undercut (7) between the fastening thickenings (4, 5). The second fastening thickening (5) has an outer lead-in chamfer (6) for a receiving bore into which the plug adapter (2) along with, the sealing ring (1) are inserted.

Abstract: A nasal interface device delivers a high flow rate of a gas having a pressure that is adjustable to a patient. The device includes a nasal insert that is adapted to deliver pressurized gas to a nasal cavity of the patient, and receive and direct expired air. The nasal insert has a pressurized breathing gas delivery port and an expired gas port. An expiratory limb pressure regulator is in fluid communication with the expired gas port.

Abstract: A method and device for handling transient pressures and flow processes in a breathing system is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for controlling operation of a CPAP apparatus. The apparatus has a blower, a patient interface, an air delivery conduit for delivering air from the blower to the patient interface, a sensor for determining the pressure in the patient interface, and a control mechanism that causes air to be delivered at a desired pressure to the patient interface and that detects transitions between inhalation and exhalation of a respiratory cycle of a patient in order to synchronise the blower output with the patient's efforts. In one form the CPAP apparatus provides pressure in accordance with a bi-level waveform with at least one characterising parameter of the waveform being automatically adjusted in accordance with indications of sleep disordered breathing. The indications of sleep disordered breathing can be one or more of snoring, apnea, hypopnea, and flow limitation.

Abstract: A medical ventilation monitoring system includes a patient ventilation unit defining an airflow path, the unit arranged so that when the unit is applied to a patient, the airflow path is in fluid communication with the patient's airway; an airflow sensor in the air flow path positioned to sense the presence of ventilation airflow to or from the patient; and a wireless transceiver arranged to receive data that is generated by a portable medical device, and to use the data to provide feedback to a rescuer regarding proper administration of ventilation.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a device for controlling a gas flow, e.g., from a breathing system connected to a patient at exhalation. The flow control is conducted by means of a flexible conduit with flexible circular segments being compressed along the length of the conduit, whereupon the flexible elements are collapsed towards a circular wall. The device comprises autoclavable parts and/or disposable parts, which can be separated from the breathing system without exposing staff handling the system to contaminated surfaces in the breathing system when changing patients.

Abstract: A filter cartridge 12 that has a first and second layer of filter media 38, 40 that each have first and second major surfaces 32, 44 and a perimeter 46 and that each contain active particulate that is bonded together. A plenum 42 is disposed between the first and second layers of filter media 38, 40 such that the plenum 42 interfaces with the second major surface 44, 44? of each layer of filter media. A housing sidewall 30 extends from the first layer of filter media 38 to the second layer of filter media 40 and is secured to the perimeter 46 of the first and second layers of filter media. The first major surfaces 32, 32? of the first and second layers of filter media 38, 40 are each fluid permeable and are each in fluid communication with an exterior gas space. A filter cartridge 12 having such a construction provides a bifurcated flow pattern in a higher volume structure.

Abstract: A positive pressure endotracheal device used with an air source which provides transmission of continuous positive pressure into the lungs using an inspiratory line and a one-way valve placed within the inspiratory line. This one-way valve will not allow exhaled air to return through the inspiratory line. The pressure in the device is measured with a monitor line which is connected to the air source and the disclosed Positive Pressure Endotracheal Device. The device includes: 1) WYE molded endotracheal connector interface, 2) a primary pressure release port, 3) a pressure monitor port, 4) a dispenser port (optional), 5) and inspiratory line (smooth walled), 6) a one-way valve connected to the inspiratory line, 7) an expiratory line (smooth walled), and 8) a peep valve connected on an end of the expiratory line to control lung inflation pressure at the end of exhalation.

Abstract: An airway stabilization system is provided for maintaining an airway device in a patient's trachea and for preventing clinically significant movement thereof with respect to the patient's vocal cords in response to the application of multidirectional forces to the airway device. The system includes a retention collar secured to the airway device to define a retention structure, a restraining device adapted to releaseably engage the retention structure and to cooperate therewith to prevent clinically significant movement of the airway device, and means for securing the restraining device to a patient's head.

Abstract: Devices and method for occluding a fallopian tube. The devices, in one embodiment, may include a plurality of expandable occluding members coupled by respective dissolvable connecting members.

Abstract: Provided are condoms, methods of making and treating sexual dysfunction with the same, the condoms having a multiplicity of microcapsules containing an ingredient therein, the microcapsules being disposed on one or more surfaces of the condom such that the microcapsules are substantially exposed. The microcapsules can be disposed on one or both surfaces. A barrier layer between the microcapsules and the condom can be provided. The barrier layer can comprise nitrile, polyurethane, polyacetal urea, or combinations thereof. Further embodiments of such condoms are provided where an ingredient without encapsulation is disposed on the elastomeric layer along with the microcapsules.

Abstract: A dental appliance and method of treatment are disclosed. The dental appliance attaches to predetermined teeth of an upper jaw of a patient, and includes a constrainment mechanism positioned above a patient's tongue, wherein the constrainment mechanism is shaped to limit movement of a posterior zone of the patient's tongue. The constrainment mechanism allows at least an anterior zone and lateral edges of the patient's tongue to perform movements necessary for speech and swallowing. The method of treatment includes use of the dental appliance to reduce the volume of a patient's tongue and enlarge the airways, and can be combined with use of another dental appliance to correct another aspect of the patient's tongue.

Abstract: A surgical drape kit for performing a surgical procedure includes a surgical drape having a fenestration site; a plurality of containers attached to the surgical drape; and a plurality of components used to perform a surgical procedure. The containers are attached to the surgical drape around a perimeter of the fenestration site. Each container includes at least one component. Disposition of the components inside the containers is determined by sequential steps of the surgical procedure.

Abstract: The method of the present invention comprises various steps of employing at least one mechanical, chemical, biochemical, pharmaceutical, electrical, magnetic or other treatment, to a living organism (optionally targeting at least one organ or organ system thereof), said living organism being human or animal, to achieve at least one predetermined treatment goal (representative of a treatment profile), at least a portion of the steps comprising at least a portion of the following procedures: (1) conducting comprehensive multi-profile diagnostics and identifying at least one of a target organ, and/or a target organ system, of a target living organism, that requires at least one predetermined treatment (e.g., medical, preventative, fitness, etc.

Abstract: Medical devices and methods for magnetically positioning a device within a body cavity of a patient, including a removable magnet unit that can be reused across procedures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tobacco preparation method, wherein a tobacco material is prepared through at least one extrusion process comprising compressing the material with an increase in pressure and temperature and mechanically processing and abruptly flash drying the material of an extruder outlet, wherein the tobacco material comprises a tobacco lamina material. The invention further relates to a tobacco preparation device comprising a dosing conveyor (2) and an extruder (3) which compresses a tobacco material with an increase in pressure and temperature and mechanically process and abruptly flash dries the material at the extruder outlet, wherein the components (3, 4) are designated as a unit which can be modularly delimited for processing a tobacco material comprising a tobacco lamina material.

Abstract: A device of the tobacco processing industry and method for supplying ground or cut tobacco material having at least 35% moisture content. The device includes a conveyor, a portioner, and a homogenizer device including a needle roller and a picker roller. The needle roller is located downstream, relative to a tobacco conveying direction, of the conveyor and is structured and arranged to receive tobacco material from the conveyor, and the picker roller is structured and arranged to expel tobacco material out of the needle roller in a direction of the portioner.

Abstract: A nail care or fingertip care tool is constituted by an elastic bag-like material having sufficient size to cover the nail at the fingertip and also having a liquid-absorbing member fixedly attached over an area inside the bag-like material that comes in contact with the nail.

Abstract: A system to facilitate pedicures and all applications where comfortable toe separation is demanded. The System consists of small water soluble tubular devices that fit in between each toe to ensure adequate spacing between the toes while polish is applied during a pedicure or other treatment to toes is required. The entire composition is made of Water soluble Corn Starch and may be left in place when using your own sandal, flip flop or other open toed shoe when your services are complete.

Abstract: Systems, methods and apparatus are disclosed involving cosmetics brushes and face charts for strategic application of make-up. In particular, embodiments of the invention involve cosmetics brushes having markings color-coded to match make-up types, locations, and application steps within a sequence, as depicted on a corresponding face chart for the strategic application of make-up to achieve a desired look, using, for example, a code key to explain the face chart. Each desired look may have a specific face chart that uses color-coded markings to match a brush with a make-up type, location, and step, for a given purpose. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Abstract: A hair styling apparatus (10) is disclosed as including a heating barrel (20) and a protecting sleeve (28) which covers part of the heating barrel, the protective sleeve including a wall (30) with a helical slot (32) allowing a tress of hair to be received through the slot to contact the heating barrel.

Abstract: An applicator for applying a cosmetic product to the eyelashes or the eyebrows, the applicator including a molded core that extends along a longitudinal axis and that comprises longitudinal faces; and applicator elements that are carried by the core, each of the applicator elements being connected to the core via a base; the bases of the applicator elements being in alignment in rows extending along respective longitudinal row axes, the longitudinal axis of at least one row being twisted around the core; where each longitudinal face of the core comprises a single row of applicator elements having bases in alignment; and where at least one row is connected to one face of the core and flush with one of the faces adjacent to the face to which the row is connected.

Abstract: A hair pad includes a hook-supporting tape and an ornamental sheet attached to a front surface of the hook-supporting tape. A plurality of slender hair-gripping hooks is fixed to a rear surface of the hook-supporting tape. Each of the hair-gripping hooks has a fixing end connected to the rear surface of the hook-supporting tape, and a free end provided with a diametrically expanded hook section. Each of the hook sections has a slant hooking surface coupled with a tip of the free end of the hair-gripping hook. With the hook sections and the slant hooking surfaces at the free ends of the hair-gripping hooks, the hair pad can be used as a hair ornament or a hair band to grip and hold hair in place.

Abstract: An orthodontic flosser comprising an elongated handle and a head coupled to the handle at a vertical angle is disclosed. A first and second projection extend from the head for suspending floss, the first projection is sized for insertion of floss between a wire affixed to a tooth and the tooth. A source spool of fresh floss is configured to feed fresh floss incrementally into suspension between the first and second projections while a take-up bobbin is configured for taking up used floss and applying tension to the suspended floss. A button may be used for releasing the source spool to rotate, and for holding the source spool against rotation. The source spool and take-up bobbin may be disposed in separated chambers to reduce cross contamination.

Abstract: A system and device for assisting with the cleansing of a medical component with a scrub brush is disclosed. In one embodiment, an assistive device for use with the scrub brush is disclosed. The scrub brush includes an insert disposed therein, the insert including a cleansing substance such as CHG or alcohol. The assistive device comprises a housing, a motor, a head removably supporting the scrub brush, and an interface interconnecting the motor and the head. The interface is a shaft that enables back-and-forth rotation or other movement of the head and scrub brush relative to the medical component so as to cleanse the medical component.

Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning the touch or display touch or display surface of an electronic device such as a cell phone or computer tablet comprising a wiper coupled to cleaner bar. The cleaner bar moves longitudinally and/or laterally across the electronic device with the wiper in contact with the touch or display surface. The wiper comprises both a moist pad and a dry pad. The moist pad is fluidly communicated to a reservoir defined within the cleaner bar. On its “cleaning stroke”, cleaning fluid is released into the moist pad and then deposited onto the touch or display surface. The cleaner bar moves longitudinally across the touch or display surface by manual or motorized means. The cleaner bar may also be in communication with the electronic device to detect when a task has been completed on the electronic device. After detection, the cleaner bar automatically traverses the touch or display surface, thereby cleaning it after every use.

Abstract: A method improving air quality and reducing healthcare-associated infections performed by a cleaning personnel includes the steps of equipping a cleaning cart with a plurality of single-use microfiber cloths and a plurality of microfiber mops, wherein the cleaning cart includes a vacuum cleaning apparatus with an extensible vacuum hose and a plurality of attachments, positioning the cleaning cart outside of an occupied patient room, vacuuming the patient room with the vacuum hose including first and second attachments, disinfecting the surfaces that a patient may contact with a first microfiber cloth soaked in a disinfectant solution, cleaning at least one bathroom fixture with a second microfiber cloth soaked in the disinfectant solution, mopping the floor area including the floor area of the patient restroom with a microfiber mop charged with a neutral cleaner, and placing the microfiber mop in a plastic bag.

Abstract: A method for cleaning a reactor, the method including circulating a fluid inside the reactor, pumping the fluid from the reactor into an inlet of a tank cleaner, and removing solids from the fluid to produce a clean fluid. The method further includes transferring the clean fluid to the reactor and transferring pneumatically the removed solids to a pressurized vessel. Also, a method for transferring spent granular material, the method including providing a vacuum system disposed at a hydrocarbon production site to remove spent material from a reactor, transferring the spent material through the vacuum system into a pressurized vessel, and conveying pneumatically the spent material from the pressurized vessel to a second pressurized vessel.

Abstract: A particularly advantageous vacuum cleaner system has at least two filters and self-cleans its filters via back-flushing, without needing to stop normal operation to self-clean. Also, a self-cleaning valve assembly is provided for use in a vacuum cleaner. Also, a vacuum cleaner is provided that uses permanent, self-cleaning filters, and does not need disposable filters or filter bags, and advantageously can use inexpensive plastic bags. In another vacuum cleaner system, waste is collected in an ordinary plastic bag without any special preparation or modification of the bag being needed. Further, an inventive self-cleaning X-valve assembly cleans itself and is useable in the vacuum cleaner system.

Abstract: There are provided a system, method and computer program product for detecting foreign materials in a semiconductor manufacturing process. The manufacturing process uses a plurality of semiconductor manufacturing tools. The system categorizes at least one monitoring wafer according to one or more categories. The system supplies the categorized monitoring wafer to a semiconductor manufacturing tool. The system observes a level of contamination on the categorized monitoring wafer. The system compares the level of contamination to a threshold. The system cleans the tool in a response to determining that the level of contamination is larger than the threshold. The system determines which category of the wafer leaves a highest level of contamination on the tool. The system identifies a root cause of the highest level of contamination on the tool.