Abstract: An elevator load receiving apparatus or a compensating weight connected thereto by a suspension device is released from a safety device in a stopping position after downward travel, the load receiving apparatus and the compensating weight being moved by a drive unit including a reversible electric motor and a traction sheave engaging the suspension device. Many safety devices, after stopping must be moved counter to the travelling direction of the load receiving apparatus before stopping in order to release (moved upwards in the case of stopping after downward travel). The safety device is easily released by activating the drive unit for a time (tmax1) or a certain distance (smax) with a predetermined torque (Mmax) counter to the direction of release and subsequently activated as abruptly as possible with the predetermined torque in the direction of release. This method can be used to release the compensating weight from its stopped position.

Abstract: An elevator and a locking apparatus for preventing rotational movement of the traction sheave of the elevator are provided. The elevator includes at least a hoisting machine provided with a traction sheave, a frame and at least one brake. A holding device is disposed in connection with the hoisting machine, which holding device is arranged to prevent rotational movement of the traction sheave.

Abstract: A transportation system and a method are provided for backing up the operational state of a transportation system. The transportation system includes a control apparatus for controlling the operation of the transportation system. The control apparatus further includes capacitive energy storage and a power supply backup circuit adapted to maintain power supply from the said energy storage to a storage circuit for a given length of time in connection with an operational anomaly in power supply to the control apparatus.

Abstract: A brake apparatus for a bicycle includes a finger member; a first am comprising a cable adjuster with a brake cable securely passing through, and a first brake pad; a first pivot for pivotably securing the first arm and one end of the finger member to a frame of the bicycle; a pivot member pivotably secured to the other end of the finger member and comprising a second brake pad and a bifurcation; a second arm having an extension proximate to one end and the other end secured to one end of the brake cable; a second pivot for pivotably securing the bifurcation and one end of the second arm and together; a spring depressible cam lever pivotably mounted in the bifurcation, the cam lever being pressed by the extending end of the second arm and comprising an actuation projection; and a fastener adjacent the cam lever.

Abstract: A bicycle hydraulic caliper brake apparatus includes a first brake arm with a first bearing surface, a second brake arm with a second bearing surface, and a hydraulic control device that includes a housing and a piston unit. The first bearing surface non-lockingly engages the piston unit, and the second bearing surface non-lockingly engages the housing. At least one of the piston unit or the housing engages a corresponding first or second bearing surface so that the piston unit or the housing rotates at least in part around an axis that is substantially parallel to at least one of the rotational axes of the brake arms. The housing is carried by the first brake arm and the second brake arm so that the housing moves together with the first brake arm and the second brake arm relative to a bicycle frame member.

Abstract: Vehicle chocking systems include a first chock comprising a first bottom surface, a first front wheel restraining surface and a first rear wheel restraining surface opposite the first front wheel restraining surface, a second chock comprising a second bottom surface, a second front wheel restraining surface and a second rear wheel restraining surface, wherein the first bottom surface, the first front wheel restraining surface and the first rear wheel restraining surface of the first chock and the second bottom surface, the second front wheel restraining surface and the second rear wheel restraining surface of the second chock each comprises a proximity sensor, wherein the proximity sensors are communicatively coupled to a controller comprising a processor and a memory having a computer readable and executable instruction set to determine if the proximity sensors for each of the first bottom surface, the second bottom surface and opposing wheel restraining surfaces are engaged.

Abstract: Provided is a disk brake having a caliper. The caliper includes a cylinder part disposed at one side in a disk axial direction and having a bore for accommodating a piston, a pair of arm parts extending to both sides of the cylinder part in a disk rotational direction and having ends to which sliding pins are fixed, and a guide attachment part configured to couple the one arm part to the cylinder part and to which a cable guide member is fixed, which are integrally formed with each other. A thickness of the guide attachment part in a disk diameter direction and a thickness of the one arm part in the disk diameter direction at least partially overlap in the disk axial direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a stop brake for a tripod head (1), particularly for film or television cameras, comprising a substantially cylindrical brake caliper (8, 8?, 8?), which has a main body (84, 84?, 84?) for insertion into a receiving opening (7) designed in a housing part of the tripod head (1) and a brake block (82) for engaging with a brake disk (11) provided in the tripod head (1), and locking means in order to engage and disengage the brake block (82) with/from the brake disc (11), characterized in that an expanding section is provided in the region of the outer circumference of the main body (84, 84?, 84?) of the brake caliper (8, 8?, 8?), said section being deflected radially outward in the direction of an inside wall of the receiving opening (7) upon engaging the brake block (82) with the brake disc (11).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a brake pad arrangement having a pad carrier plate, on which a brake pad is disposed, wherein the brake pad on a friction surface has at least two contour edges, at which the brake pad is chamfered. According to the invention in order to suppress noise it is provided that the at least two contour edges extend substantially parallel to one another and at a predetermined angle relative to a radial centre line M of the brake pad.

Abstract: [Object] There is provided a caliper body for a two system-type disc brake for a vehicle, which is reduced in size and has an improved air bleeding property by employing a simple structure. [Approach] In the caliper body 6 for the two-system disc brake 1 for the vehicle, a communication path 23a, which connects cylinder holes 11 and 13 for a first brake system, and a first bleeder hole 6o are formed rectilinearly on an outside, in a disc radius direction, of an imaginary line IL1 which rectilinearly connects inner edges, in the disc radius direction, of cylinder holes 11 and 13 for a first brake system and a cylinder hole 10 for a second brake system is provided on an outside, in the disc radius direction, of the communication path 23a.

Abstract: A hydraulic brake is used to a handle of a two wheel vehicle and contains a body including two first tabs, the handle including an axial hole and a through bore to receive an adjustable nut having a screw aperture to be screwed with first threads of a connecting post of a hydraulic piston, the body including a retaining sleeve and two second tabs, a hydraulic cylinder including an oil chamber and fitted to a holder, a positioning nut having an orifice screwed with second threads of the hydraulic cylinder, the holder including a receiving room to receive an oil cup, a pore, and a cover, an outer diameter of the pore of the holder being equal to that of the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic piston including the connecting post, and the connecting post including the first threads to screw the connecting post with the orifice of the positioning nut.

Abstract: A first component may be made of a first material and may have a flange extending away from a body of the first component. The flange may have a groove located in an upper surface, a lower surface, or both the upper and lower surfaces of the flange. A second component may be made of a second material that may be different than the first material. The second component may have a portion located over a part or more of the flange and over the groove in order to form an interconnection between the first and second components. One of the first component or the second component being cast-in-place.

Abstract: A rod acceleration reducing mechanism is provided in a bottom-side oil chamber in an inner tube. The rod acceleration reducing mechanism includes a housing having a cylindrical accommodating casing screwed onto a fastening bolt of a bottom valve and a cap, a free piston displaceably fitted in the housing to define variable chambers at vertically opposite sides thereof, and elastic disks applying an elastic resistance to the displacement of the free piston. The variable chambers formed in the housing are variable in volume in response to pressure changes in the bottom-side oil chamber and the reservoir chamber. Thus, rod vibration can be generated by the rod acceleration reducing mechanism to reduce generation of rapping noise during running of the vehicle.

Abstract: A shock absorber includes a two stage valve assembly that has two valve discs. The second valve disc defines the first stage at lower valve pressures and the first valve disc defines the second stage at higher valve pressures. The two valve discs can be defined by a single piece component or they can be separate components. The second valve disc can permit fluid flow by deflection of the second valve disc or by movement of the entire second valve disc. The two stage valve assembly can be incorporated into the piston assembly of the shock absorber and/or the two stage valve assembly can be incorporated into a base valve assembly.

Abstract: A vibration damper includes a cylinder in which a piston fastened to a piston rod executes a translational and a rotational movement relative to the cylinder. The piston is fixed to the piston rod by an axial fastener, and a device for preventing rotation by positive engagement is formed between the piston and the piston rod.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for damping vibrations within a physical object that is subject to vibration, such as for example, a railroad car running board. In one version, an enclosure is substantially filled with a granulated visco-elastic material, such as for example, granulated rubber, that is fixedly attached to the physical object.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to spare tire damper assemblies for a vehicle and methods for reducing vibration. The assemblies can include a support frame configured to secure a spare tire thereto and a first adjustable isolator positioned with respect to the support frame. A second isolator is positioned in series with the first isolator so that adjustment of the first isolator adjusts a static preload of the second isolator.

Abstract: A one-way clutch includes a first race secured against rotation and fitted with a coil, a second race supported for rotation, a coil carried by one of the races, and struts supported by one of the races, each strut driveably connecting and disconnecting the races in response to a magnetic field induced by current in the coil.

Abstract: A transmission (1) having a plurality of frictionally engaging shift elements (A to C) which are engaged or disengaged in order to obtain various gear ratios. The permissible surface pressure in the area of friction surfaces of connecting elements (B, C) that can be brought into mutual frictional engagement, which are engaged during upshifts to produce a gear ratio, is lower than the permissible surface pressure in the area of friction surfaces of disconnecting elements (A) that can be brought into mutual frictional engagement which, in each case, are only disengaged during upshifts to produce gear ratios.

Abstract: A multiple clutch device which includes a drive unit, a downstream transmission connected to a drive shaft of the drive unit and accommodated in a clutch bell that does not co-rotate with the drive shaft, two wet multi-plate clutches, which include a plate support at the input and output end and plates alternating axially, and an actuation mechanism. A housing of the actuation mechanism is supported on the clutch bell, and the plate support at the input end of at least one of the multi-plate clutches is connected to the housing by a supporting metal sheet or a supporting pot and a footstep bearing such that a flow of an actuation force generated by the actuation mechanism is redirected to the housing of the actuation mechanism via the supporting metal sheet or the supporting pot and the footstep bearing, creating a closed force flow within the device.

Abstract: A torque transfer device for a motor vehicle includes a clutch for transferring torque between first and second shafts. An electromagnetic actuator includes an axially moveable armature for applying an application force to the clutch. An actuator control system includes a force sensor positioned within a clutch actuation force load path and is operable to output a signal indicative of a force applied to the clutch. The control system includes a controller operable to control the electromagnetic actuator to vary the force applied to the clutch based on the force sensor signal.

Abstract: A piston subassembly for operating a clutch of a transmission including a piston, a compensation dam, wherein the piston is axially moveable with respect to the compensation dam, and a clip operatively affixed to the piston, the clip operatively arranged between the piston and the compensation dam, the clip including at least one spring element for exerting a force between the dam and the piston to pull the piston axially away from the compensation dam, wherein the compensation dam is included on a transmission shaft, the compensation dam including a radially inner flange having a slot, wherein the slot is operatively arranged to engage with a radial protrusion on the transmission shaft for forming a twist-lock between the compensation dam and the shaft.

Abstract: The present subject matter relates to clutch arm and release devices and methods such as for a variable speed transmission. A clutch linkage can include a control shaft pivotable about an axis, a substantially U-shaped arm connected at two points to the shaft, and a plurality of projections positioned on the arm. The arm can be moved between positions in response to rotational movement of the control shaft, and the projections can thereby engage and exert a force on a movable sleeve to move the sleeve, such as for causing a clutch bearing to move between an engaged and a disengaged position.

Abstract: Construction machine, with working drum mounted at a machine frame, combustion engine for driving the working drum, drive train between the combustion engine and the working drum, and clutch in the drive train, where the clutch is arranged between a drive shaft and output shaft of the drive train, clutch elements on drive side capable of being engaged with clutch elements on output side, where clutch elements on the drive side or on output side are provided with several clutch part elements that are permanently engaged with one another via at least one mechanical coupling, it is provided that a braking device acting between the drive shaft and the output shaft is arranged at the clutch, said braking device being additionally engaged during engagement of the clutch in order to eliminate or reduce any rotary vibrations caused by play of mechanical coupling between clutch part elements.

Abstract: A parking brake assembly for the driveline of a motor vehicle is disclosed. The parking brake assembly comprises a locking mechanism, an actuator and an unlocking mechanism. The locking mechanism is able to inhibit and release the rotational movement of a shaft in the driveline of a motor vehicle. The actuator actuates the locking mechanism. The locking mechanism comprises a locking element which is linearly movable by the actuator, and a latching element which cooperates with the locking element. The locking element can be transferred into a first axial position in which the latching element assumes a releasing position in which the shaft is rotatable, and wherein the locking element can be transferred into a second axial position in which the latching element assumes a closing position in which the latching element inhibits a rotational movement of the shaft. The unlocking mechanism forcibly unlocks the locking mechanism.

Abstract: Chutes and other components may include composite liners to improve performance. Composite liners generally comprise a base metal having a ceramic material embedded therein. The composite liners exhibit improved resistance to wear and, therefore, have a longer usable life than liners formed of the base metal alone.

Abstract: The check deposit apparatus of the present invention comprises an insertion part that is used to insert a check from outside for deposit, a feed part furnished with a feed roller that feeds the placed check along a feed path, an alignment part furnished with an alignment roller that feeds the check fed from the feed part to one side of the feed path and also aligns it, a check reading part that reads information of the check that has been aligned by the alignment part, first and second sensor groups that judge whether the check inserted into the insertion part has a specification that enables it to be fed and processed toward the alignment part normally, a third sensor group that judges whether the check aligned in the alignment part has a specification that enables it to be read and processed normally in the check reading part, and a control part that judges whether to deposit or return the check in question based on the information sensed by the first and second group or third sensor group.

Abstract: The invention is related to a device for opening and further transporting of printed products (6) with respectively at least two sheets (18) held together over a fixed edge (10), comprising a conveying device (1) with transport grippers (7) driven in conveying direction (F) arranged with a distance between one another, which are designed to hold the printed products (6) suspended on their fixed edge (10), as well as with an opening device (2) arranged below the transport grippers (2), which is destined to open the printed products (6). The invention is characterised in that the opening device (2) comprises an opening wedge (15) capable of being inserted into a free edge zone (24) between the sheets of the printed product (6), and the opening device (2) furthermore comprises means (5) for supplying blast air (21), by means of which the sheets (18) of the printed product (6) are capable of being fanned open in the edge zone (24), into which the opening wedge (15) is inserted.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and system of using at least one moving means (22) for the pushing and moving solid waste (20) from at least one holding area (10) within buildings or outdoors through a waste transport conduit (14) to at least one collection station (28) or at least one collection conduit (26). The movement of the at least one moving means (22) is driven by generating differential pressure across the at least one moving means (22) to push and move the solid waste (20) towards the at least one collection station (28) or at least one collection conduit (26). The differential pressure creates systematic directional air movement inside the waste transport conduit (14) to move the at least one moving means (22) to move and push the solid waste (20) to the at least one collection station (28) or at least one collection conduit (26).

Abstract: A gravity conveyor assembly includes a first track member downwardly pitched from a first end toward a second end with respect to a first reference plane oriented parallel to a ground surface. A second track member positioned directly above the first track member is downwardly pitched from a first end toward an opposite second end with respect to a second reference plane oriented parallel to the ground surface. A curved track member connects the second track member second end to the first track member first end and defines a vertically downward oriented arc. A wheeled cart is moveable from the second track member first end to the first track member second end by gravity. A cart travel direction reverses from a first travel direction on the second track member to an opposite second travel direction on the first track member as the cart downwardly traverses the curved track member.

Abstract: An agricultural equipment drive system comprises a main drive shaft connectable to a power source, a first gear box, a second gear box and a second drive shaft. The first gear box has a first gear box input connected to the main drive shaft and a first gear box output at a first angle to the first gear box input. The second gear box has a second gear box input connected to the first gear box output and a second gear box output at a second angle to the second gear box input. The second drive shaft connects the first gear box output to the second gear box input.

Abstract: The invention relates to a guide element comprising partial guide elements (2, 3) that can be interconnected by means of at least one connecting element (4). In order to provide a guide element that can be very simply replaced in a timesaving manner, particularly a replaceable star plate, the invention proposes that at least one connecting element (4) comprises a first partial connecting element (5) and a second partial connecting element (6), wherein one of the two partial connecting elements (5, 6) comprises a lockable receptacle (7), in which the insertion side (8) of the other partial connecting element (5, 6) corresponding to the receptacle (7) can be inserted, so that the one partial connecting element (5, 6) is locationally securely retained at the other partial connecting element (5, 6) in a force-fit manner when the lockable receptacle (7) is locked.

Abstract: An electromechanical switch includes a contact assembly and a linkage assembly.

Abstract: A switching chamber insulation arrangement and a circuit breaker having such a switching chamber insulation arrangement are provided. The switching chamber insulation arrangement provides improved heat dissipation in the area of the contact areas of switch contact poles. The switching chamber insulation arrangement includes a strut arrangement having a plurality of struts. Each strut has a first foot area, a second foot, area and a center area which is located between the first foot area and the second foot area, respectively. The struts are arranged along a circumference around a longitudinal extent axis of the strut arrangement. The strut arrangement has a first mechanical coupling area on a side of the first foot areas for coupling to a first pole of a circuit breaker, and a second mechanical coupling area on a side of the second foot areas for coupling to a second pole of a circuit breaker.

Abstract: A universal electrical box which comprises a body having at least one opening for receiving an electrical device. There is also at least one opening for receiving electrical wiring from building wiring. The device can also include at least one mounting bracket coupled to the body, and at least one frame configured to be coupled to the at least one body. In addition there is at least one duplex electrical mounting plate configured to couple to the at least one frame. In this case, the duplex electrical mounting plate is configured to receive a duplex electrical device. In addition, there is at least one sealing gasket configured to be coupled to the body between the at least one frame and the body. This design allows for a universal configuration which allows for multiple different types of electrical devices to be coupled to the enclosure.

Abstract: A manipulation knob is molded from a resin material and is manually depressible by a user. A switch is depressible through the manipulation knob to execute a corresponding switching operation when the manipulation knob is depressed by the user. The manipulation knob includes a resin spring portion, which is molded integrally with the manipulation knob and projects in an axial direction of the manipulation knob. The resin spring portion is resilient and is adapted to exert a resilient reaction force against the switch when the manipulation knob is depressed by the user to depress the switch.

Abstract: A mechanical asymmetrical activator for electrical contactors in the manufacturing of fire pump controllers comprising a flexible cable and pulley system wherein the pulling of the flexible cable engages the pulley system to activate contactor. The activator comprises a compound pulley assembly comprising a first pulley with a fixed axle and a second pulley with a free axle, an arm in cooperation with the free axle and adapted to engage the contact carrier of a contactor and a plurality of mounting attachments for engaging the auxiliary contactor mounting points of a contactor.

Abstract: A membrane keyboard includes transparent keys, bridge structures each with the key mounted thereon, a plastic board, a frame board, a film circuit board, an insulative board, a light guide film plate, a base board, and fasteners for fastening the plastic board, the frame board, the film circuit board, the insulative board, and the light guide film plate on the base board. The plastic board, the frame board, the film circuit board, the insulative board, the light guide film plate, the base board, and the fasteners are secured together by subjecting to ultrasonic welding.

Abstract: An input device for a mobile terminal is disclosed herein. The input device may include a keypad having a plurality of buttons, a printed circuit board provided below the keypad to convert an input on the keypad to an electric signal, at least one light source configured to illuminate the keypad, and a light guide film provided between the keypad and the printed circuit board. The at least one light source may be positioned to emit light toward a light receiving surface positioned at a lateral surface of the light guide film. A height of the light receiving surface may be formed to be greater than a thickness of the light guide film. Accordingly, illumination of the keypad may be increased without increasing the overall thickness of the light guide film or the body of a mobile terminal.

Abstract: An electronic device may have a housing with an opening. A button may be formed within the electronic device. The button may have a button member that is actuated by a user. The button member may translate within an opening in the electronic device housing when actuated by a user. The button may have a shaft that is coupled to the button member by a coupling mechanism. When the button member is laterally translated within the opening, the coupling mechanism may rotate the shaft about its longitudinal axis. The button may be provided with detents using a detent biasing mechanism. The detent biasing mechanism may be based on a spring having grooves that interact with a protrusion on the shaft or a spring-loaded pin that engages recesses in the shaft. A switch mechanism for the button may be formed using traces on the shaft, spring-type switch contacts, and other structures.

Abstract: First conductive patterns, which each contain two or more first large lattices electrically connected by a first connection in series in a first direction, are formed on a first transparent substrate, and second conductive patterns, which each contain two or more second large lattices electrically connected by a second connection in series in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, are formed on a second transparent substrate. As viewed from above, the first conductive patterns and the second conductive patterns are arranged adjacent to each other, and the first connection and the second connection are arranged facing each other. The first large lattices are electrically connected via three or more connection paths in the first connection, and the second large lattices are electrically connected via three or more connection paths in the second connection.

Abstract: The invention describes a unique and novel pyrolysis kiln for separating water vapor from a carbonaceous feedstock early in the pyrolysis process. The kiln structure includes two fans, one located near the proximal end of the kiln, the other near the kiln's distal end. Both fans create a local decrease in pressure at the respective ends with a dead zone in the intermediate region between the two ends of the kiln. At the proximal end, low temperature volatiles are removed, especially water vapor, and directed to a waste water cleanup station. Early removal of the water vapor makes the remaining pyrolysis process substantially more efficient. At the distal end, the high temperature hydrocarbons and other impurities are removed in a conventional manner and directed to a hot gas cleanup unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reactor for the continuous production of charcoal, having a substantially vertical structure, comprising, in sequence, a top charging zone (1), a drying zone (2), a carbonization zone (3), a cooling zone (4) and a discharge zone (5), wherein the charging zone (1) has a smaller cross section than the drying zone (2) and has an extension (1?) into the drying zone (2), forming an annular space (A) around the extension (V), which space comprises, in the wall of the drying zone (2), an outlet to a gas extraction line (23) for the recirculation of these gases into the reactor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method producing a portioned column by forming a first segment and a third segment into arcuate segments, and attaching these arcuate segments to a second z-shaped segment to from two contiguous volumes with approximately semi-circular cross-sections that combine to form a partitioned, approximately cylindrical segment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymerization inhibitor composition and a method of inhibiting polymerization of distillable monomers in liquid and evaporated/condensed phases with the polymerization inhibitor composition. The polymerization inhibitor composition is useful for inhibiting polymerization of the distillable monomers during manufacture, purification (e.g., distillation), handling, and storage thereof.

Abstract: A method and system for managing heat energy in a fluid purification system is provided. Initially, air is compressed using one or more compressors to obtain a compressed hot air. Then one or more fluids are purified using the heat energy associated with the compressed hot air in one or more fluid purification units thereby releasing a compressed cooled air. One or more hot purified fluids are stored in one or more fluid storage tanks obtained in response to the purification of the one or more fluids. Thereafter, the compressed cooled air is heated using a heat energy associated with the one or more hot purified fluids to obtain a heated compressed air. Subsequently, one or more turbines are operated using heat energy associated with the heated compressed air to obtain an expanded cooled air. The expanded cooled air is utilized for cooling.

Abstract: A plasma-assisted waste gasification system including a sensing mechanism and process for converting waste stream reaction residues into a clean synthesis gas (syngas) is disclosed. The gasification system includes a first sensor located between a gas quench unit and a heat recovery unit to measure a first temperature and first flow rate of the synthesis gas exiting the gas quench unit; a second sensor to measure a second temperature and a second flow rate of a low temperature synthesis gas entering the gas quench unit; wherein the first sensor and the second sensor are connected to an inferential sensing mechanism. The inferential sensing mechanism is capable of estimating the temperature of the synthesis gas in the reactor, based on the measured first temperature and first flow rate, and the measured second temperature and second flow rate, using a mass-energy balance relationship that is based on the measurements of the two sensors.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sputter device and a method of manufacturing a magnetic storage medium capable of forming a buried layer with higher production efficiency in manufacturing a magnetic recording medium. In an embodiment of the present invention, cathodes in opposition to each other with a substrate (201) sandwiched in between are arranged and the phase of high-frequency power to be applied to each cathode is made the same. At this time, it is preferable to reduce the distance between each cathode and the substrate (201). Further, it is also preferable to perform deposition of a buried layer while attracting positive ions in plasma to the substrate (201) by an attracting electric field.

Abstract: A method for milling of a workpiece of inert material by nanodroplet beam sputtering includes the steps of providing a liquid; electrohydrodynamically atomizing the liquid to form charged nanodroplets; and directing the atomized charged nanodroplets onto the workpiece to selectively remove material. The method is used for broad-beam milling the workpiece of inert material, for precision micromachining and/or for three dimensionally profiling organic samples via secondary ion mass spectrometry. The liquid is electrosprayed in a cone-jet mode in a vacuum and average nanodroplet diameter, nanodroplet velocity, and molecular energy of the nanodroplets is adjusted by changing liquid flow rate and the acceleration voltage applied to the ionic liquid as it is atomized. Apparatus for performing the method are also included embodiments.

Abstract: The present invention provides an epoch-making fluid reforming device which requires a small installation site, avoids clogging of pipes, allows uniform on-site adjustment, does not use chemicals or minimizes chemicals ii any, enables germ treatment, and purifies and reforms every fluid including water. The fluid reforming device has (a) a container for fluid reforming having an inlet for introducing an unpurified fluid and an outlet for discharging a purified fluid; (b) a pair or a plurality of pairs of AC application electrodes stored in the container; (c) a cylindrical ground electrode surrounding the AC application electrodes; (d) a polarity switching circuit connected to the AC application electrodes for switching the polarities of the pair of electrodes; and (e) a constant current supply having a current detector for detecting current flowing between the AC application electrodes in fluid reforming, the constant current supply keeping a current value detected by the current detector constant.