Abstract: The present disclosure relates to on-vehicle systems and methods for mixing an NOx reductant solution from a concentrated source of NOx reductant and water. The mixed DEF is then used to treat exhaust from the vehicle to reduce pollutants.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine is provided and includes an exhaust gas conduit, a hydrocarbon supply, a particulate filter (“PF”), at least one sensor, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, and a control module. The PF is in fluid communication with the exhaust gas conduit and has a filter structure for removal of particulates in the exhaust gas. The filter structure has an innermost region and an outermost region. The PF is selectively regenerated during operation of the internal combustion engine. The PF has a stratified temperature structure that causes the particulates trapped at the innermost region of the PF burn off before the particulates trapped in the outermost region of the PF during regeneration. The control module has a memory with an infinite stage temperature control curve stored thereon.

Abstract: An electrically-heated catalytic converter comprises a catalyst support which produces heat when electric current is applied, a holding mat made of an electrical insulating material, the holding mat being provided so as to cover an outer circumference of the catalyst support, and a case which houses the catalyst support and holds the catalyst support via the holding mat. The catalytic converter treats gas flowing in the case by a catalyst supported on the catalyst support. The holding mat has a water-absorbing property. An insulation layer made of an electrical insulating material is provided between the case and the holding mat.

Abstract: A method for operating a reducing agent delivery unit having a tank, a feed line running from the tank to an addition point, a return line branching off from the feed line and a valve to be activated with an electrical current for closing off the return line, includes initially applying an activation current to the valve for a first time interval. Subsequently, a holding current is applied to the valve when the first time interval has elapsed. Then, an operating variable of the delivery unit is determined and at least the activation current, the holding current and/or the first time interval are adapted as a function of the determined operating variable. A motor vehicle having a delivery unit is also provided.

Abstract: A device for providing liquid reducing agent includes a tank with an interior space and a vessel disposed at least partially in the interior space of the tank. The vessel is at least partially surrounded on the outside by a filter having a filter surface and a filter depth. A delivery unit disposed in the vessel is configured to deliver reducing agent from the tank, through the filter and to an extraction point for reducing agent. A motor vehicle having the device is also provided.

Abstract: An austenitic heat-resisting cast steel is disclosed which is composed mainly of Fe and including 0.4˜0.6 wt % of C, 0.5˜1.0 wt % of Si, 2.1˜2.9 wt % of Mn, 2.1˜2.9 wt % of Ni, 18˜22 wt % of Cr, 1.0˜2.0 wt % of Nb, 2.0˜3.0 wt % of W, 0.25˜0.35 wt % of N and other inevitable impurities. More specifically, this austenitic heat-resisting cast steel can beneficially be applied to an exhaust manifold of an automobile to realize a maximum allowable exhaust gas temperature of the exhaust manifold is 950° C.˜1050° C.

Abstract: A hydraulic system having an actuator having a piston and associated rod forming head and rod chambers and being adapted to move between retracted and extended positions within a cylinder, and first and second sources of fluid. A first pump provides fluid from the first source to the head chamber at a first pressure. At least one valve provides fluid from the second source at a second pressure to supplement fluid provided to the head chamber from the first pump when the second pressure is greater than the first pressure.

Abstract: A process for generating refrigeration, electricity or work utilizing a sorption system is disclosed. The sorption system includes a sorbent material and a fluid, in which the sorbent material and fluid in combination have a pressure index of at least 1.2.

Abstract: Provided is an electric booster, including: an input member moved forward and backward by an operation of a brake pedal; a boosting member provided so as to be movable relative to the input member; an electric actuator for driving the boosting member; and a controller for controlling actuation of the electric actuator based on the movement of the input member, in which the controller executes changing control for changing a ratio of a movement amount of the boosting member to a movement amount of the input member to a smaller ratio before an output of the electric actuator increases to come into a full-load state in which the output of the electric actuator becomes equal to a maximum output by the forward movement of the input member.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reservoir, in particular for hydraulic motor vehicle brake systems, having one or more pressure medium chambers, a filler neck for filling the reservoir with pressure medium and a pressure medium passage, which is connected to the filler neck and has an opening facing the pressure medium chamber. In order to provide a reservoir which reliably prevents the pressure medium from leaking when the vehicle is in extreme positions and which, at the same time, can be produced in a simple and inexpensive manner, the proposal according to the invention is that the pressure medium passage be provided as a lateral channel which extends in the longitudinal direction along the reservoir, starting from the filler neck, and be formed by walls of an upper part and of a lower part of the reservoir.

Abstract: In a method for adjusting an end position of guide vanes in a turbine of a charging device in an engine system, the guide vanes are adjusted with the aid of an actuator, the end position depending on a position at a structurally determined end stop, and corresponding to a position of the guide vanes of the turbine at a predetermined gas flow rate. The actuator is activated for adjusting the guide vanes to the end position using a predetermined position value, which holds the guide vanes in the end position.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a carbon dioxide-rich gas mixture (44) wherein a hydrocarbon-containing fuel (21) is burned in a combustion chamber of a gas engine (10) in a gas atmosphere, and the exhaust gas (14) of the gas engine (10) is processed into the carbon dioxide-rich gas mixture (44). The gas atmosphere in the combustion chamber has an oxygen content (33) that corresponds to 0.9 to 1.1 times the amount of oxygen required for complete combustion of the hydrocarbon-containing fuel (21), and the gas atmosphere has a volumetric ratio of nitrogen to oxygen (33) in that is less than 3.5 to 1. The invention also relates to an apparatus for producing the carbon dioxide-rich gas mixture (44), and a method and apparatus for enhanced oil recovery using the method and apparatus for producing the carbon dioxide-rich gas mixture (44).

Abstract: A waste heat regeneration system includes a pump, a coolant boiler, an exhaust gas boiler, an expander, a condenser, a gas-liquid separator and a supercooler. A flow control valve maintains a temperature difference (T1-T2) at a predetermined value or less by adjusting the amount of an operating fluid which flows in a bypass flow path through the control of an opening degree based on a pressure difference (P1-P2) corresponding to the temperature difference (T1-T2) between the temperature (T1) of the operating fluid on the upstream side of the supercooler and the temperature (T2) of the operating fluid on the downstream side thereof. Accordingly, the degree of supercooling is prevented from becoming excessive and the waste heat regeneration efficiency of a Rankine cycle device can be maintained.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for operating a plurality of independent, closed cycle power plant modules each having a vaporizer comprising the steps of serially supplying a medium or low temperature source fluid to each corresponding vaporizer of one or more first plant modules, respectively, to a secondary preheater of a first module, and to a vaporizer of a terminal module, whereby to produce heat depleted source fluid; providing a primary preheater for each vaporizer; and supplying said heat depleted source fluid to all of said primary preheaters in parallel.

Abstract: Systems for recovering heat from a biomass gasifier are provided. One gasification system includes a gasifier having an inlet section configured to receive a biomass feedstock and air, and a reactor section configured to gasify a mixture of the biomass feedstock and the air to generate a producer gas. The gasifier also has an outlet section configured to output the producer gas from the reactor section. The gasification system also includes a heat exchanger system coupled to the gasifier. The heat exchanger system is configured to recover heat from the gasifier by transferring heat to a fluid to create a heated fluid.

Abstract: A wind-energy and radiation-energy collector system has at least one radiation-energy collector with a radiation-absorbing absorber and a reflector element. The reflector element collects radiation and directs the radiation at the absorber. At least one wind wheel, which is arranged in a direction opposite the receiving direction of the radiation-energy collector and which is supported on the system, is provided. The arrangement of the radiation-energy collector and the wind wheel is movably supported so that the arrangement can be oriented either with the radiation-energy collector facing the sun or with the wind wheel against the prevailing wind direction.

Abstract: A system configured for the production of at least one product selected from the group consisting of syngas, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products, power, and chemicals, the system comprising a dual fluidized bed gasification apparatus and at least one apparatus selected from power production apparatus configured to produce power from the gasification product gas, partial oxidation reactors configured for oxidation of at least a portion of the product gas, tar removal apparatus configured to reduce the amount of tar in the product gas, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis apparatus configured to produce Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products from at least a portion of the product gas, chemical production apparatus configured for the production of at least one non-Fischer-Tropsch product from at least a portion of the product gas, and dual fluidized bed gasification units configured to alter the composition of the product gas. Methods of operating the system are also provided.

Abstract: A resonator device for damping a pressure oscillation within a combustion chamber is proposed. The resonator device has a container filled with a gas, an opening in the container and a heating element adapted to generate a flame. The flame is arranged to heat the gas within the container. The resonator device is in a combustion arrangement having a combustion chamber for defining a combustion space for burning fuel. The container is connected to the combustion chamber such that an inside of the container is in communication with the combustion space via the opening. The resonator device has a resonance frequency equal to a pressure oscillation frequency within the combustion chamber under normal load conditions.

Abstract: Systems are provided for mounting sector nozzles within gas turbine combustors. In one embodiment, a sector nozzle includes a nozzle portion configured to mix fuel and air to produce a fuel-air mixture and a shell coupled to the nozzle portion. The sector nozzle also includes a first longitudinal strut and a second longitudinal strut coupled to a first surface of the shell on opposite sides of a window within the first surface. A third longitudinal strut is coupled to a second surface of the shell, and the second surface is disposed opposite of the first surface.

Abstract: A premixing apparatus for a gas turbine system includes non-swirl elements around a periphery of a face of a premixing apparatus and a swirl assembly located substantially at a center of the face. The non-swirl elements premix a premixture prior to the premixture being delivered to a combustor of the gas turbine system. The swirl assembly disturbs a flow of fluid prior to the fluid being delivered to the combustor. The premixture includes fuel and oxidant, and the fluid disturbed by the swirl assembly includes the oxidant or the premixture.

Abstract: A system includes a turbine fuel nozzle assembly. The turbine fuel nozzle assembly includes a first fuel nozzle including a first air inlet and a second fuel nozzle including a second air inlet. The turbine fuel nozzle assembly also includes a first inlet flow conditioner disposed adjacent the first air inlet of the first fuel nozzle, wherein the first air inlet flow conditioner extends only partially around the first fuel nozzle. The turbine fuel nozzle further includes a second inlet flow conditioner disposed adjacent the second air inlet of the second fuel nozzle, wherein the second air inlet flow conditioner extends only partially around the second fuel nozzle, and the second inlet flow conditioner is separate from the first inlet flow conditioner.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine includes a low spool along an engine axis with a forward fan section and a low pressure turbine section. A high spool along the engine axis with a high pressure turbine section and an aft core driven fan section (CDFS), the aft core driven fan section (CDFS) axially aft of the high pressure turbine section along the engine axis.

Abstract: A combustor component of a gas turbine engine includes a refractory metal core (RMC) microcircuit for self-regulating a cooling flow.

Abstract: A combustor component of a gas turbine engine includes a refractory metal core (RMC) microcircuit.

Abstract: A turbomachine combustor portion includes a combustion chamber. A center injection nozzle is arranged within the combustion chamber and includes a center nozzle inlet and a center nozzle outlet. An outer premixed injection nozzle is positioned radially outward of the center injection nozzle and includes an outer nozzle inlet and an outer nozzle outlet that is arranged upstream of the center nozzle outlet. A late lean injector is positioned downstream of the center nozzle and the outer premixed nozzle. The combustor portion includes a first combustion zone arranged downstream of the outer nozzle outlet, a second combustion zone arranged downstream of the center nozzle outlet, and a third combustion zone arranged further downstream of the center nozzle outlet. The center injection nozzle, outer premixed injection nozzle, and late lean injector are selectively operated to establish a combustion flame front in the first, second, and third combustion zones.

Abstract: A turbine section of a gas turbine engine includes first and second rotor stages connected by an arm. The first rotor stage has a first set of blades connected to a first rotor disk at a first blade attachment. The second rotor stage has a second set of blades connected to a second rotor disk at a second blade attachment. A cover plate extends from a downstream side of the first blade attachment to an upstream side of the second blade attachment. The cover plate is spaced from the arm so as to define a flow path from the first blade attachment to the second blade attachment.

Abstract: A system comprises a plurality of components disposed to define a gas path. At least one component comprises a silicon-bearing substrate over which is disposed a coating, and the coating comprises a recession-resistant material exposed to the gas path. A silicon source is disposed in fluid communication with the gas path and is configured to be delivered to the gas path to maintain, in gas flowing in the gas path over the coating, a silicon mass concentration in the range from about 1.

Abstract: A reversible SOFC monolithic stack is provided which comprises: 1) a first component which comprises at least one porous metal containing layer (1) with a combined electrolyte and sealing layer on the porous metal containing layer (1); wherein the at least one porous metal containing layer (1) hosts an electrode; 2) a second component comprising at least one porous metal containing layer (1) with a combined interconnect and sealing layer on the porous metal containing layer; wherein the at least one porous metal containing layers hosts an electrode. Further provided is a method for preparing a reversible solid oxide fuel cell stack. The obtained solid oxide fuel cell stack has improved mechanical stability and high electrical performance, while the process for obtaining same is cost effective.

Abstract: A combustor for a turbine engine includes a first liner defined about an axis with a first row of first combustion air holes, one of the first combustion air holes is defined along each of a multiple of fuel injector zero pitch lines. A second liner defined about the axis with a second row of second combustion air holes, each of the second combustion air holes circumferentially offset relative to each of the multiple of fuel injector zero pitch lines.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide (CO2) removal system includes an external heat transfer device. The CO2 removal system also includes a magnetocaloric heat transfer device coupled in flow communication with the external heat transfer device. The CO2 removal system further includes a cryogenic CO2 capture system coupled in flow communication with the magnetocaloric heat transfer device.

Abstract: A temperature control element for a vehicle is provided that includes a first Peltier element layer, a second Peltier element layer, a first electrically conductive heat conductor layer for conducting a first heat transfer fluid and a second electrically conductive heat conductor layer for conducting a second heat transfer fluid, wherein the first Peltier element layer, the second Peltier element layer, the first heat conductor layer, and the second heat conductor layer are disposed in the form of a stack, so that the first heat conductor layer and/or the second heat conductor layer is disposed between the first Peltier element layer and the second Peltier element layer, and wherein an electrical current conducted through the stack brings about a temperature control of the first heat conductor layer and the second heat conductor layer due to a Peltier effect.

Abstract: A container cap or lid used to make a self-heating or self-cooling container having an improved shelf-life and an independent heat-transfer compartment or insert in which are utilized liquid-activated endothermic or exothermic agents, a liquid-activated mixer within the compartment, a simple actuation means for initiating the cooling or heating processes and a method for using the same.

Abstract: A rotary valve includes a valve body and a valve plate. The valve body has a body-side passage formed therein, and includes a first slide surface. The valve plate has a plate-side passage formed therein, and includes a valve plate body and a resin valve slide body. The valve plate body is formed of a non-magnetic material and includes an accommodation room. The resin valve slide body is accommodated in the accommodation room of the valve plate body. The resin valve slide body includes a second slide surface in close contact with the first slide surface of the valve body. The valve plate rotates to switch a state of connection of the body-side passage and the plate-side passage.

Abstract: Methods and devices can protect samples maintained at controlled temperatures from degradation due to transient temperature fluctuations.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a chiller apparatus containing a composition comprising from about 6 to about 70 weight percent 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and from about 30 to about 94 weight percent 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane. Also disclosed herein are compositions comprising from about 58.0 to about 59.5 weight percent 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and from about 42.0 to about 40.5 weight percent 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane. Also disclosed herein are compositions comprising from about 54.0 to about 56.0 weight percent 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and from about 46.0 to about 44.0 weight percent 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane. Also disclosed herein is a composition comprising a refrigerant consisting essentially of from about 58.0 to about 59.5 weight percent 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and from about 42.0 to about 40.5 weight percent 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane. Also disclosed herein is a composition comprising a refrigerant consisting essentially of from about 54.0 to about 56.

Abstract: An energy efficient heat pump system capable of operating in extreme low and high temperature environments. The heat pump system includes an evaporator, a heater operatively associated with the evaporator, compressor and condenser. In an exemplary embodiment, the heat pump system may further include a plasma pulse-spark system to facilitate removal of scale deposits. The heater heats an environmental medium prior to the environmental medium exchanging energy with a refrigerant located in an evaporator coil of the evaporator in order to maintain a predetermined minimum temperature differential between the environmental medium when it contacts the evaporator coil and the refrigerant when located in the evaporator coil. The system allows efficient operation at low temperatures.

Abstract: An operating method in a heat pump hot water supply system of an indirect heating method by which an average COP during a water heating period can be improved and a risk of running out of hot water can be prevented from increasing. For a heat pump hot water supply system of the indirect heating method, a change in heat transfer efficiency of a second heat exchanger is estimated by using either or both of a tank water temperature and a temperature of a second refrigerant flowing through a water circuit. When the heat transfer efficiency is determined to be high, an operation switching unit raises an output of a heat source device. When the heat transfer efficiency is determined to be low, the operation switching unit lowers the output of the heat source device.

Abstract: A cryosauna for recreational procedures comprises a source of liquid nitrogen, a unit to prepare an operating mixture, and a patient box. The unit has thermo insulated evaporator and mixer in fluid communication with each other. The evaporator is connected via a valve to the source of liquid nitrogen, the mixer through a fan is open to ambient air and connected with the patient box. The patient box is made roofless and comprises a floor, walls, and an adjustable stage to accommodate the patient. The cryosauna also comprises a recycle stream bypass channel connecting the patient box and evaporator and is provided with a three-way discharge valve, a first and a second discharge ducts connecting the patient box with inputs of the discharge valve and a duct fan installed at an output of the discharge valve. A method of operating the cryosauna during a session is also disclosed.

Abstract: A control method of a refrigerator including a compressor to supply refrigerant to an evaporator to cool a storage compartment, a valve to adjust flow of the refrigerant, a fan to blow air heat-exchanged by the evaporator, and a heater to remove frost from the evaporator. The control method includes, upon receiving a power-saving signal, determining whether the received power-saving signal is a first or second power-saving mode signal, upon determining that the power-saving signal is the first power-saving mode signal, performing at least one selected from among resetting of target temperature of the storage compartment, adjustment of an operation rate of the compressor, and adjustment of operation time of the heater to execute a first power-saving mode, and, upon determining that the power-saving signal is the second power-saving mode signal, controlling the compressor, the fan, and the heater to be off to execute a second power-saving mode.

Abstract: A system and method of loading and unloading a compressor in a cooling system. The method includes detecting a temperature, determining a compressor should be turned on/off to supply/stop supplying cooling based on the temperature, turning the compressor on/off, and opening/closing a plurality of valves when the compressor is turned on/off.

Abstract: Refrigerating machine oil is reliably returned to a compressor, regardless of whether the oil is miscible or immiscible with a refrigerant. A first refrigerant channel includes a compressor, a condenser, a first flow control valve, a refrigerant storing container, a second flow control valve, and a first evaporator are connected in that order. A refrigerant outlet of the first evaporator is connected to a suction refrigerant inlet of an ejector. A second refrigerant channel includes a compressor and a second evaporator connected in that order. A refrigerant inlet of the second evaporator is connected to a mixed refrigerant outlet of the ejector. A third refrigerant channel branching off from a halfway point of the-a pipe connecting a refrigerant outlet of the radiator and the first flow control valve includes a third flow control valve and a motive refrigerant inlet of the ejector are connected in that order.

Abstract: An object is to provide a turbo-refrigeration-unit control device capable of achieving stable operation and reducing the amount of refrigerant. Provided is a control device for controlling a turbo refrigeration unit that includes a centrifugal compressor, a first-non-refrigerant pump for supplying a first non-refrigerant, a condenser that performs heat exchange between the first non-refrigerant and a refrigerant, an expansion valve that expands the refrigerant, a second-non-refrigerant pump for supplying a second non-refrigerant, an evaporator that performs heat exchange between the second non-refrigerant and the refrigerant, a bypass circuit that is used to inject part of the refrigerant from a discharge port of the centrifugal compressor into a suction port of the centrifugal compressor, and a bypass-circuit control valve that controls the flow rate of the refrigerant.

Abstract: A refrigeration system includes a refrigerant circuit including a compressor and an expander which expands a refrigerant and generates power, for performing a refrigeration cycle. The refrigeration system includes a compressor control section and an expander control section which, when an operation stop signal is output during operation, reduces a rotational speed of the compressor and increases a rotational speed of the expander to increase the ratio of the rotational speed of the expander to the rotational speed of the compressor.

Abstract: A transportation refrigeration unit, which is configured to defrost the evaporator coil of an evaporator, is provided with improvements to a power transfer mechanism. The power transfer mechanism incorporates a coupling mechanism that can transfer power from the condenser fan to the evaporator fan. In one embodiment, the coupling mechanism is encapsulated in a housing, which forms an interior cavity for receiving a lubricating fluid therein. The interior cavity is such that the coupling mechanism is immersed in the lubricating fluid.

Abstract: An energy-saving hot water-heating device includes a coolant circulation coil pipe, a plurality of heating pipes fixed in the coolant circulation coil pipe, communicating pipes connected between the heating pipes, and a running water channel formed between the heating pipes and heat-dissipating pipes. The coolant circulation coil pipe is connected to an air conditioning system. The heating pipes are connected to a water source. Water in the running water channel is heated up by waste heat generated by the coolant circulation coil pipe to produce household or industrial hot water. A system applicable to the energy-saving hot water-heating device includes an automatic circulation water tank, a hot water canister, and a heating boiler, to heat up cool water in the automatic circulation water tank and then store resultant hot water in the hot water canister.

Abstract: An air-conditioner that conditions air inside a passenger compartment of a vehicle using a heat pump refrigerating cycle includes: a case having at least a first air passage and a second air passage independent from each other; an indoor heat exchanger cooling air; and a heating heat exchanger heating air. Inside of the heating heat exchanger is divided into a first section corresponding to the first air passage and a second section corresponding to the second air passage. The first section and the second section are located adjacent with each other through a border portion. The heating heat exchanger has a refrigerant passage through which refrigerant flows in parallel with the border portion.

Abstract: A fluid conditioning system includes a refrigeration circuit and a heat pump circuit. The refrigeration circuit includes a heat exchanger and an evaporator. The heat pump circuit includes a condenser, a chiller serially connected to the evaporator, and a first expansion member in fluid communication with the chiller, wherein the heat pump circuit is configured to utilize heat from ambient air and a cooling agent circuit for heating a passenger compartment of a vehicle.

Abstract: A heat pump air conditioning system for a vehicle, wherein the system can efficiently use electric power and a discharge temperature can be set to an optimal level. During dehumidifying-heating operation in which air for air conditioning passes through a fourth heater exchanger after passing through a third heat exchanger, a first blower and a second blower are cooperatively operated by adjusting, according to the voltage supplied to the first blower, the voltage supplied to the second blower. When the discharge temperature of the air for air conditioning flowing from a first heat exchanger is higher than a first predetermined temperature and the rotational speed of a refrigerant compressor is minimum, the cooperative operation between the first blower and the second blower is stopped and the electric power to the second blower is adjusted to lower the discharge temperature to a level lower than a second predetermined temperature.

Abstract: A power unit for air conditioning systems installed on boats, including at least one compressor, of the mass produced type used in the automobile industry, connected to the circuit of the conditioning system, at least one mechanical pump for circulation of a heat exchange fluid along a circuit and one or more rotating electrical machines. Operation of the power unit is ensured during navigation by an internal combustion engine for marine propulsion, for example a four stroke engine of the type normally used for outboard marine propulsion, mass produced at low costs, while when the boat is in port it is ensured by an electric motor. The fan coils are also of the mass produced type used in the automobile industry.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method in a cabinet and a cabinet for controlling the temperature inside the cabinet. The cabinet is comprised in a radio network node. The cabinet comprises a first set of electronic equipment and a second set of electronic equipment, a first climate system and a second climate system. The first and second climate systems are arranged to transfer heat from an internal volume to an external volume of the cabinet. A first air flow is generated using a first air moving device of the first climate system, which first air flow substantially affects the first set of electronic equipment. A second air flow is generated using a second air moving device of the second climate system, which second air flow substantially affects the second set of electronic equipment. A temperature is measured within the internal volume by using a temperature sensor.