Abstract: Certain aspects of the disclosure relate generally to uplink flow control of wireless devices for mitigation of overload issues. A user equipment (UE) may reduce an average transmit power for the uplink channel based on whether an overload metric (e.g., temperature metric) exceeds a threshold value. The UE may perform duty cycling for an uplink control channel when an overactive uplink control channel is a dominating factor in a thermal issue. The UE may further reduce a maximum power transmit limit (MTPL) for one or more uplink channels, such as physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH).

Abstract: A method and an arrangement (400) for managing congestion of outgoing data of at least one link in a telecommunications signalling network protocol stack, comprising a first and second layer and an interface there-between, are provided. The first network node comprises multiple processing modules (430). The first network node (110) determines (210) a congestion level between the first and second layers. The first network node (110) receives (220), from the first layer, any existing first layer congestion level indication, indicating congestion between the first layer of the first network node and the first layer of the second network node. The first network node (110) generates (230) a simulated first layer congestion level indication based on the determined congestion level. The first network node (110) generates (240) a total first layer congestion level indication based on the simulated first layer congestion level indication and said any existing first layer congestion level indication.

Abstract: A bandwidth control method is provided. A router is provided to establish a network connection to a remote apparatus. The remote apparatus is allocated with a downlink bandwidth for servicing the gateway. A plurality of downlink packets are received by the gateway. In response to reception of the downlink packets, the gateway transmits a plurality of uplink packets to the remote apparatus to allow the remote apparatus to transmit more downlink packets to the gateway after the remote apparatus acknowledges reception of the uplink packets. A transmission rate of the uplink packets is limited within an uplink threshold by the gateway so that a transmission rate of the downlink packets is smaller than the downlink bandwidth allocated to the remote apparatus. The uplink threshold is determined based on the downlink bandwidth.

Abstract: According to one aspect, the subject matter described herein includes a method for congestion management in a Diameter signaling network. The method occurs a Diameter routing node. The method includes determining, using a metric associated with Diameter message processing, that a first Diameter message processing metric threshold has been exceeded. The method also includes in response to determining that the first Diameter message processing metric threshold has been exceeded, performing a first congestion mitigation action, where performing the first congestion mitigation action includes analyzing subsequent Diameter messages to determine one or more common attributes of the subsequent Diameter messages and in response to determining the one or more common attributes of the subsequent Diameter messages, performing a second congestion mitigation action for Diameter messages having the one or more common attributes.

Abstract: A server device includes: a virtual client unit that causes an application program to generate screen data, based on instruction information from a mobile terminal received via a packet forwarding device in a mobile network; an encoder unit that compression-encodes an entirety or a portion of the screen data and transmits to the packet forwarding device a packet including the encoded result; and a rate control unit that measures response times of a series of response signals received from the mobile terminal with respect to the transmitted packet, and controls, based on the measurement result, at least one of a bit rate and a frame rate of the compression-encoding performed by the encoder unit.

Abstract: Apparatus and techniques for scheduling packets to reduce congestion in a packet data network are described. In one embodiment of the invention, packets are received through each of a plurality of channels and are stored in a respective queue for each channel. The status of each queue is monitored as empty or not empty. When an empty queue becomes not empty, then bandwidth allocation value is added for the respective channel to a port load value. When a not empty queue becomes empty, then the bandwidth allocation for the respective channel is subtracted from the port load value. The traffic rate through the port is then scaled based upon the port load value.

Abstract: A power manager for a mobile device comprises a traffic shaping unit (30) and a management unit (26). The traffic shaping unit is incorporated into a networking layer (8) of a mobile device architecture. The traffic management unit spans application layer (7) and networking layer (8) of the mobile device architecture. The traffic shaping unit and management unit are connected via a feed path (73). The management unit (26) is provided with inputs (74) to receive measurements of external parameters (65 to 69). The management unit further comprises a processor (20) to process the received measurements and a traffic shaping function generator (21) to receive the processed measurements and generate a traffic shaping function. The management unit (26) inputs the generated traffic shaping function to the traffic shaping unit (30) via the feed path (73), whereby the traffic management unit controls transmissions from the mobile device.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for performing wideband short range wireless communication in a millimeter wave band, and the method for wideband short range wireless communication may include checking information of a reception device by performing signaling with the reception device, receiving information about a state of a receive buffer from the reception device based on the information of the reception device, and transmitting data based on the information about a state of the receive buffer.

Abstract: A method of optimizing scanning parameters for a plurality of channels in a wireless band includes identifying channels in the plurality of channels as overlapping channels and identifying channels in the plurality of channels as non-overlapping channels, wherein each of the non-overlapping channels transmits and receives signals at frequencies that do not overlap frequencies of other non-overlapping channels. Then scanning parameters for each channel are optimized in order to assign the scanning parameters to be normal scanning parameters or extended scanning parameters, the extended scanning parameters indicating longer scanning times used for scanning channels than that of the normal scanning parameters. Next each overlapping channel is scanned with a networked electronic device using the normal scanning parameters. The method also includes scanning each non-overlapping channel with the networked electronic device using the extended scanning parameters.

Abstract: There are disclosed systems and methods for detecting and controlling congestion in an Optical Line Terminal (OLT). The OLT has a plurality of ports. Each port of the plurality of ports communicates with at least one Optical Network Unit (ONU), and each port of the plurality of ports has a respective enforced maximum upstream bandwidth. For example, the maximum upstream bandwidth may be enforced by a Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) algorithm. The OLT further includes an uplink port through which data received from each of the plurality of ports are transmitted. In one embodiment, if there is congestion of the data at the uplink port, then the enforced maximum upstream bandwidth for at least one port of the plurality of ports is modified.

Abstract: Different quality of service policies are enforced for packets from traffic streams of different type in a communication network, according to the type of traffic types of traffic. A learning phase and an operation phase are provided. The learning phase teaching by example of characteristics that must be used to distinguish the different types of traffic. In the learning phase, an indication is received of a quality of service policy that is required for user applications of a selected type. An indication is provided indicating execution of a user application of said type in a user domain and characteristics of packet traffic are derived from inspection of packets transmitted through the communication network to and/or from the user domain during the indicated execution. In the operation phase packet traffic in the network to and/or from the user domain is inspected. It is detected whether observed characteristics of the packet traffic match the derived characteristics.

Abstract: A noise rise estimation method calculates (230) a noise rise measure suitable for stability control purposes, based at least on a useful signal power for the first user after interference whitening, a first user noise floor compensation factor, a code power to interference ratio measure for the first user, a noise floor measure and an estimated neighbour cell interference power. These factors are provided by measuring (210) received total wideband power and generating (212) a measure of an own cell power. An estimate of the noise floor measure is computed (214) and the neighbour cell interference power is estimated (216) based on these measurements and generated measures. An interference whitening is performed (220). The useful signal power for the first user after interference whitening is determined (222). The first user noise floor compensation factor is derived (224) based on combining weights for the first user used in for the first user is obtained (226).

Abstract: Optimized signaling in relay-enhanced access networks There are provided measures for optimized signaling in relay-enhanced access networks, said measures exemplarily including receipt of at least one signaling message concerning at least one relay node of a relay-enhanced access network over at least one predetermined signaling interface, concentration of signaling concerning a respective relay node in terms of irrelevancy and/or redundancy from the at least one signaling message, and forwarding of the concentrated signaling in a signaling message over the at least one predetermined signaling interface towards the respective relay node. Said measures may exemplarily be applied for optimizing X2 messaging in relay-enhanced LTE access networks.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for reducing latency in coordinated networks are provided. The apparatus and methods relate to a protocol that may be referred to as the Persistent Reservation Request (“p-RR”), which may be viewed as a type of RR (reservation request). p-RR's may reduce latency, on average, to one MAP cycle or less. A p-RR may be used to facilitate Ethernet audiovisual bridging. Apparatus and methods of the invention may be used in connection with coaxial cable based networks that serve as a backbone for a managed network, which may interface with a package switched network.

Abstract: A method and system is described that adjusts the allocated capacity of a network between services, or service or traffic classes, in dependence on a congestion-influenced shadow price indication in respect of each service or class. In this respect, instead of viewing the congestion price as a cost of using already allocated unit of capacity, such a shadow price indication can be viewed as an indicator of the value obtainable from allocating an extra unit of capacity to a service or class. By so doing the shadow price indication becomes a factor to be taken into account in deciding on capacity allocation between services or classes, with a high shadow price indication for a service or class indicating that additional value would likely be obtained by allocating an additional unit of capacity to the service or class.

Abstract: Embodiments herein relate to a method in a user equipment for handling control information in a radio communications network. The user equipment is served in a cell controlled by a radio network node and is of a second type of user equipments. The user equipment monitors a search space for control information of a physical data control channel, PDCCH, which search space is associated with the second type of user equipments. The PDCCH comprises at least one control channel element that comprises resource elements at least partly comprised in a second region of resource elements. The resource elements of the second region are only allowed to be scheduled for control information to user equipments of the second type. The at least one CCE is defined in relation to a CCE of a first region of resource elements, which resource elements of the first region are allowed to be scheduled for control information to user equipments of a first type.

Abstract: A computer-readable medium stores a testing program that causes a computer having a storage device storing netmask lengths and address block utilization information associated with address blocks, to execute a process that includes acquiring first packets transmitted to a first apparatus, first addresses being regarded as transmission sources; referring to the storage device and acquiring a count of address blocks to which the first addresses belong and a netmask length; calculating based on the acquired address block count and netmask length, the netmask length less a bit count according to the number of the first addresses; referring to the storage device and selecting from among unused address blocks, an address block having a netmask length less than or equal to the calculated netmask length; and transmitting to a second apparatus, second packets obtained by setting the transmission sources of the first packets to second addresses in the selected address block.

Abstract: A method for a mobile station to communicate with a wireless communications network includes monitoring a first subset of timeslots of a set of timeslots designated for communication and determining, from at least data associated with the first subset of timeslots, that timeslots not within the first subset of timeslots had communications directed to the mobile station associated therewith and were not monitored by the mobile station. The method also includes monitoring a second subset of timeslots of the set of timeslots after said determining.

Abstract: Traffic pattern models of a complex communication system are compared. A normalized transmission parameter is computed for each traffic pattern model. Model parameters are also computed for each traffic pattern model. The model parameters for each traffic pattern model represent anticipated traffic flow through the complex communication system over a predetermined time period. Data representing an actual traffic flow pattern through the complex communication system over the predetermined time period is compared to the model parameters representing anticipated traffic patterns for each model. The normalized transmission parameters for each of the traffic pattern models are also compared.

Abstract: A wireless transmitter transmits a plurality of data blocks defined in a transmission window for receipt by a receiver. The transmitter transmits a status request to the receiver for positive acknowledgement of successful receipt of the status request, the status request identifying a data block. The transmitter updates the transmission window upon receipt of a positive acknowledgement of receipt of a data block or upon receipt of a positive acknowledgement of receipt of a status request relating to a data block. The updating removes the record of the data block from the transmission window and adds a record of at least one different data block to the transmission window.

Abstract: An evolved Node B (eNB) configured for converting a downlink subframe is disclosed. The eNB includes a processor and executable instructions stored in memory that is in electronic communication with the processor. The eNB determines whether to convert a target downlink subframe to a special subframe type 2. The eNB also transmits physical (PHY) layer signaling indicating a subframe conversion for the target downlink subframe if it is determined to convert the target downlink subframe to the special subframe type 2.

Abstract: A home base station (HBS) (104, 801) performs radio channel measurements to detect one or more user equipments (UEs) (107) not served by the HBS which may be in a potentially interfering environment caused at least in part by the HBS. A database (812) of historical channel data (channel fingerprinting) of the HBS coverage area is used to predict the channel conditions and expected interference signal power seen by the detected UE(s). Based on a combination of the radio measurements (813) and historical channel data, the HBS can accurately and adaptively reduce its transmit power to a level that reduces or eliminates interference with the detected UE(s), while also not significantly degrading communication quality between other UEs served by the HBS.

Abstract: Methods and systems at a user equipment, low power access node and first access node operating in a wireless network having a plurality of access nodes comprising a first access node and at least one low power access node having lower transmit power than the first access node, wherein the user equipment receives stronger downlink signals from the first access node than from the at least one low power access node, the method at the user equipment determining, by the user equipment, whether a low power access node is better for uplink data transmission than the first access node; and if the low power access node is better for uplink data transmission, sending from the user equipment to the low power access node, a random access preamble directed to the first access node.

Abstract: A management system for managing the operation of network elements in a mobile communications system, the management system comprising: a manager agent entity being capable of sending a request for the network element to measure a parameter indicated by a target to obtain a plurality of measured parameters and being capable of sending an achievement indication element related to the target; and an agent entity being capable of receiving the achievement indication element and being capable of determining a target achievement indication in respect of at least one measured parameter, the target achievement indication having been determined as a result of monitoring the correspondence between the target and the at least one measured parameter.

Abstract: There is a method and device for scheduling channel information feedback to perform a feedback of channel information of a plurality carriers, wherein the method for feeding back channel information includes: a user equipment measuring channel information over a plurality of downlink carriers; upon reception of an instruction to trigger a feedback of channel information transmitted from a base station, the user equipment transmitting to the base station the measured channel information of corresponding downlink carriers in an obtained set of downlink carriers required to be measured and fed back.

Abstract: A base station includes a receiver configured to receive data wirelessly transmitted from plural mobile stations which repeatedly transmit the data until a reception acknowledgement signal representing that the data has been received by the base station is received, a transmitter configured to wirelessly transmit data to the plural mobile stations, and a controller configured to assign a radio resource for data transmission to a mobile station of the plural mobile stations in accordance with a data transmission request received from the mobile station, make the receiver receive data from the mobile station in the assigned radio resource, when the receiver has received the data from the mobile station make the transmitter transmit the reception acknowledgement signal to the mobile station, and when the radio resource is reassigned in association with the wireless transmission of the reception acknowledgement signal make the transmitter retransmit the reception acknowledgement signal.

Abstract: Procedures for point association as well as measurement and feedback required to enable point association for CoMP deployment scenario 4 are proposed. In a first novel aspect, a serving eNB configures a first higher-layer configuration for RSRP measurement to be used by a UE for serving point selection. The higher-layer configuration contains multiple CSI-RS configurations, and each CSI-RS configuration indicates a set of resource elements (REs) or subcarriers in both frequency domain and time domain as one CSI-RS resource with non-zero transmission power. The UE then performs RSRP measurements based on the multiple CSI-RS configurations and reports RSRP measurement results to the serving eNB. In a second novel aspect, the serving eNB configures a second higher-layer configuration for CSI reporting based on the reported RSRP measurement results. In a third novel aspect, the serving eNB sends CSI-RS information to the UE for uplink power control.

Abstract: A method of dynamic frequency selection by an access point (AP) in a basic service set (BSS) in a wireless local area network is provided. The access point configured to communicate over a primary subchannel and a secondary subchannel. The method includes: transmitting a frame including a quiet element and a quiet channel element; and performing channel measurements in the quiet interval. The quiet element defines an quiet interval during which no transmission occurs, the quiet channel element indicates that the secondary subchannel is to be quieted during the quiet interval, and the quiet channel element indicates a condition under which the primary subchannel may be used during the quiet interval.

Abstract: A communication method of a source device according to an embodiment includes detecting a status of a first link directly connected from the source device to a destination device or a status of a second link connected from the source device to the destination device via a relay device, selecting any one of the first link and the second link based on a result of the detection, and transmitting data using the selected link.

Abstract: This invention relates to the proposal of component carrier (de)activation message that is allowing a activation or deactivation of one or more component carriers in the uplink or downlink. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of the new component carrier (de)activation message in methods for (de)activation of downlink component carrier(s) configured for a mobile terminal, a base station and a mobile terminal. To enable efficient and robust (de)activation of component carriers, the invention proposes to use component carrier-specific or cell-RNTI(s) for the scrambling of the CRC of the component carrier (de)activation message, and to explicitly indicate the intended recipient of the component carrier (de)activation message in a corresponding field in the message. Furthermore, the invention further proposes different designs of the component carrier (de)activation message and further uses thereof, so as to trigger CQI reporting and/or SRS transmission by a mobile terminal.

Abstract: A system and method of receiving a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) is presented. At a user equipment, a first CSI-RS transmitted from a base station is received. In some implementations, the first CSI-RS is transmitted at a first periodicity using a first set of antenna ports. At the user equipment, a second CSI-RS transmitted from the base station is received. In some implementations, the second CSI-RS is transmitted at a second periodicity using a second set of antenna ports. At least one of the first CSI-RS and the second CSI-RS is used to perform channel measurement.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a method for reducing energy consumption in a packet processing linecard of a packet transmission network, said packet processing linecard comprising a plurality of microprocessors aimed at processing packet traffic wherein the number of active microprocessors is dynamically adjusted as a function of the computation of a traffic estimator based on a recurrent estimation of at least two statistical parameters including the average and a parameter representative of the statistical distribution of the packet traffic.

Abstract: Provided are a wireless communication method, a base station, a wireless communication system and a communication apparatus whereby an interference power is calculated from an estimated propagation channel estimation result and the transmission power is controlled based on the interference power or the interference is suppressed by controlling the directivity, thereby increasing the transmission capacity. A propagation channel estimation circuit performs propagation channel estimation from a response signal transmitted from a terminal station and estimates a propagation channel estimation result. An interference power calculation circuit measures each interference power from a signal of each sub-carrier received by each of wireless units, and calculates an interference power for each sub-carrier from the propagation channel estimation result estimated by the propagation channel estimation circuit.

Abstract: Techniques for performing adaptive resource partitioning are described. In one design, a node computes local metrics for different possible actions related to resource partitioning to allocate available resources to a set of nodes that includes the node. Each possible action is associated with a set of resource usage profiles for the set of nodes. The node sends the computed local metrics to at least one neighbor node in the set of nodes. The node also receives local metrics for the possible actions from the neighbor node(s). The node determines overall metrics for the possible actions based on the computed local metrics and the received local metrics. The node then determines allocation of the available resources to the set of nodes based on the overall metrics. For example, the node may select the action with the best overall metric and may utilize the available resources based on a resource usage profile for the selected action.

Abstract: The present invention relates to computing apparatus as an element of a network structure using a method for acquiring and maintaining cell locked data transfer amongst a number of computing apparatuses which can be full mesh interconnected by full duplex data transfer links. A predefined number of symbols transmitted as a cell is followed by a variable number of idle symbols to ensure the nominally simultaneous start of the cell transfers throughout the network without a central control. At specific positions of the cells each computing apparatus broadcasts a list of its transmission requests and receiver capabilities to all other computing apparatuses. Each of the interconnected computing apparatuses executes the same arbitration procedure based on the identical data set of transmission requests and receiver capabilities. As a result transmission paths are assigned for direct transmission and for payload forwarding.

Abstract: An arrangement (17) is provided for setting and adjusting at least one parameter in a radio communication network (11), which is used in control of communication in the radio communication network and which is dependent on a round trip time for a signal travelling from a radio network controller (13) to a user equipment (16) and back to the radio network controller. The arrangement comprises a module (17a) for initially estimating a maximum value of the round trip time; a setting module (17b) for initially setting the parameter depending on the initially estimated maximum value of the round trip time; a module (17c) for measuring the round trip time; and a module (17d) for adjusting the parameter depending on the measured round trip time, wherein the measured round trip time is expected to be shorter than the initially estimated maximum value of the round trip time.

Abstract: A bridging system, comprising bridges and a network, is arranged to transfer data using TCP/IP or similar between a local Storage Area Network (SAN) and a remote SAN. In one embodiment, a bridge is arranged to transfer data from a plurality of ports in a periodic sequence. While an acknowledgement from the remote SAN for data transferred from one port data is awaited, further data can be transferred using one or more of the remaining ports. In other embodiments, one or more parameters, such as number of ports, Receive Window Size etc., can be optimised using artificial intelligence (AI) routines in order to control the data transfer rate between the bridges. The bridging system may be configured to perform a self-learning routine on installation and, in some embodiments, to compile and consult a knowledge base storing optimum configurations for transferring data packets having different attributes by simulating data transfers.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for indicating a temporary block flow (TBF) to which a piggybacked acknowledgement/non-acknowledgement (PAN) field is addressed. A method and apparatus of performing receive processing to reduce the probability of false acceptance of erroneous PANs are also disclosed. A transmit station generates a PAN check sequence (PCS) and performs a channel coding on a PAN field and the PCS. The transmit station scrambles the encoded bits of the PAN field and the PCS with a TBF-specific scrambling code. Because of the scrambling, the PCS decoding at a receive station will pass if the data block is received by an intended receive station, while the PCS decoding will fail if received by a non-intended receive station. Alternatively, the scrambling may be performed before the channel coding. Alternatively, the transmit station may combine the PAN field and a temporary flow identity (TFI) to generate a PCS.

Abstract: A computing device configured for wireless communication may effectively control adaptation to channel conditions. The device may be configured to identify and classify conditions impacting performance of a channel so that appropriate adaptations may be made. Interference may be detected by correlating received signal strength and packet errors. High received signal strength correlated to a high packet error rate may signify presence of a source of interference. Once a source of interference is detected, other criteria may be used to determine the nature of the interference so that an adaptation that is minimally disruptive of applications can be selected. Additionally, channel degradation may be predicted by monitoring trends in error rates, including Forward Error Correction rates, and adaptation may be used before packet error rates exceed an unacceptable level.

Abstract: A method for controlling transmission power of a wireless device is provided. A WiFi link is established to a communication device. A data rate of data packets transmitted to the communication device is monitored. Information from the communication device is obtained in response to the transmitted data packets. A transmission power of the wireless device is decreased when the data rate of the data packets reaches a highest data rate and the first information satisfies a specific condition.

Abstract: A system and method for causing concurrent setup of a wireless network adapter and a network host device. The method involves receiving a request to install either a wireless network adapter or a network host device. If the request is to install the wireless network adapter, then the method further involves detecting that the network host device is not yet installed, and prompting a user to connect to the network host device. Alternatively, if the request is to install the network host device, then the method further involves detecting that the wireless network adapter is not yet installed, and prompting the user to connect to the wireless network adapter. The method also involves causing a connection to be established between the wireless network adapter and the network host device.

Abstract: A method is implemented in a network element that functions as one of a plurality of controllers for one of a plurality of areas of a split architecture network. The controller provides a control plane for the area of the split architecture network where the controller is remote from a plurality of switches providing a data plane for the area of split architecture network. The controller facilitates optimized routing across the plurality of areas of the split architecture network by providing limited intra-area link cost data to other controllers of other areas of the split architecture network and to traditional routers of a network including the split architecture network. The limited intra-area link cost data provides costs of each possible shortest path traversal of the area of the controller without providing all internal link cost data.

Abstract: A method for transmitting to a plurality of responder stations includes configuring a first responder station for direct link communications, the first responder station being configured with a first group identifier and a first position. The method also includes configuring a second responder station for direct link communications, the second responder station being configured with a second group identifier and a second position. The method further includes transmitting to both the first responder station and the second responder station in a first single transmission, the first single transmission including first information for the first responder station and second information for the second responder station, where the first information is labeled with the first group identifier and located in the first position, and the second information is labeled with the second group identifier and located in the second position.

Abstract: A technique for combining transmission bandwidths of several mobile stations (MS1, MS2) is disclosed. A master mobile station (MS1) establishes (7-0) a WLAN base station communicating with WLAN client terminals (CT). One or more slave mobile stations (MS2) may detect a predefined network identifier and join the WLAN network. The master (MS1) assigns IP addresses for the client terminals (CT) and slave mobile stations (MS2). The master also resolves DNS queries in cooperation with external DNS servers. Traffic, including internet packets (IP1-IP4), between the client terminals and various internet hosts (110) is tunneled over multiple simultaneous transmission paths between the master (MS1) and a multiplexing/demultiplexing computer (SM). The inventive bandwidth combination technique is transparent to the client terminals (CT) and the internet hosts (HO).

Abstract: Embodiments provide techniques for the transmission of broadcasts. For instance, an apparatus may include a sequence selection module, and multiple radiating elements. The sequence selection module selects sequences of directional transmission patterns, where each selected sequence corresponds to a time period. The multiple radiating elements wirelessly transmit a broadcast at the time periods in accordance with the selected sequences. The broadcast may include, for example, beacons, and/or a data broadcast, and/or a control broadcast and/or a management broadcast.

Abstract: A LAN includes a CORE switch linked to some number of TOR switches, and each of the TOR switches are linked directly to some number of host devices. Each of the switches in the LAN operate to process and transmit data frames they receive from neighboring LAN devices. Each TOR switch in the LAN builds and maintains a layer-2 forwarding table that is comprised of MAC address information learned from frames they receive from neighboring LAN devices. Selected ports/VLANs on some or all of the TOR devices are designated to be CORE/switch facing ports (CFP) or host facing ports (HFP). Each of the CFPs are configured to only learn the MAC address in unicast frames it receives and each of the HFPs can be configured to learn the MAC address of both unicast and multicast data frames provided the destination MAC address included in the unicast frame is known.

Abstract: A system and a method for controlling a power line network are provided. In the system and the method, a control unit device in every control network generates its own control network identification (CNID) and sends query messages to the other control networks to ensure each CNID is unique in the signal-reachable networks. The system and the method differentiate messages of the local control network from messages of the other control networks based on received signal strength of the messages in order to correctly demarcate multiple control networks.

Abstract: Configuring a node (410) of a synchronization network involves identifying (10) possible alternative time synchronization trails arranged to carry time synchronization information for time synchronization at the node, and possible alternative frequency trails, arranged to carry frequency synchronization information for frequency synchronization at the node. Using information about the sources (20), a comparison of the trails (30) is biased to increase a likelihood of choosing time synchronization and frequency trails which share the same source, over a likelihood of choosing trails with different sources. This can help avoid divergence and consequent bit errors arising from phase errors, resulting from trails having different sources. It can encompass for example changing both to a new common source, or changing one or both trails while still using the old common source.

Abstract: A network-capable device is configured to: automatically detect the presence of a MoCA network (or other network, depending on the network protocol in the application environment), and configure itself for communication on that network at the appropriate communication frequencies. The network-capable device can be configured to create a new network (e.g., a new MoCA network) if there is no network broadcast signal within a band. Preferably, the network-capable device requires little or no user intervention to configure itself for operation at network operating frequencies or to create a new network where none is detected.

Abstract: A ring-based network and a construction method thereof, comprising a plurality of nodes and a plurality of links. In an initial status, each node compares each first link-up packet and fills a priority value in the first link-up packet with the higher priority value to form a second link-up packet. The priority value of each node and the highest priority value of each adjacent node recorded in each node are compared with each second link-up packet. When the priority value of the node and the highest priority values of adjacent nodes recorded in the node are smaller than the second link-up packet, the ring port of the node is situated at a forward status. According to the forward status or a blocked status of the ring port, these links form a plurality of forward links and a blocked link respectively.