Abstract: A cutting disc for cutting foodstuffs, intended for a receptacle of an appliance of the vegetable cutting type, includes: a rotary drive hub, a supporting disc firmly secured to the hub, and at least one blade attached on the supporting disc and extending radially from the hub. The blade comprises a cutting edge with the shape of an “S”, the convex portion of the “S” being located on the side of the hub so as to cause the foodstuffs to slide against the cutting edge from a central area of the receptacle towards a middle portion of the cutting edge under the action of the rotation of the supporting disc and of the blade, and the concave portion of the “S” being configured as a sickle in order to cause the foodstuffs to slide against the cutting edge from a peripheral area of the receptacle towards the middle portion.

Abstract: Apparatus for cutting plural aligned ply strips includes plural knife blades disposed in a spaced manner such that each knife blade is aligned with and in closely spaced relation to an associated ply strip. The knife blades are pivotally mounted in a common housing and are coupled to a single rotational drive for allowing each knife blade to assume the same predetermined cutting angle relative to its associated ply strip, where the cutting angle may be varied between ±45°. The plural knife blades are coupled to a rotational drive by means of plural circular drive gears and are connected to a linear drive for displacing the knife blades into contact with the ply strips for cutting the strips at the predetermined angle. The severed edges of the aligned ply strips are formed in mutual linear alignment and do not include projecting triangular patterns, or crenelations.

Abstract: An apparatus for slitting a hot rolled process section having parallel bars connected to together along at least one of their lengthwise edges, while the process section is moving longitudinally along a rolling line. The apparatus comprises first and second pairs of upper and lower rotatably driven slitting rollers positioned sequentially along the rolling line, with the slitting rollers of each pair being and arranged to engage opposite sides of the process section. The slitting rollers of the first pair have profiles configured to break the connection between at least some of the bars of the process section while allowing the connections between other bars of the process section to remain intact, and the slitting rollers of the second pair have profiles configured to break the remaining intact connections between the other bars of the process section.

Abstract: A saw blade mounting assembly includes a saw spindle assembly, including a saw hub rotatable in a chosen direction about a drive axis and having a first, driving engagement member, and a saw blade collar assembly, to which a saw blade is mountable, having a second, driven engagement member. The first and second engagement members are complementary tapered engagement members so that rotating the saw spindle assembly in the chosen direction causes the saw blade collar assembly any saw blade to rotate. One of the first and second tapered engagement members include tapered receiver slots having tapered portions with entrance openings into the tapered portions. The other of the tapered engagement members include tapered locking tabs sized for engagement within the tapered portions of the tapered receiver slots. The locking tabs may move axially and then rotationally through the tapered receiver slots.

Abstract: A draw stud connector for use on a punch driver having a working piston. The draw stud connector including a draw stud having a first end, and a first member removably couplable to the working piston and defining an axis therethrough. The first member also defines a recess shaped such that the first end of the draw stud can be introduced and removed radially from the recess, but the first end cannot be removed axially from the recess.

Abstract: A method for preparing a polymer insulated cable including a semiconductive layer surrounding a polymeric insulation layer includes: cutting the semiconductive layer by grinding a circumferential dividing groove in the semiconductive layer using a rotating grinding surface, wherein the dividing groove defines first and second semiconductive sections of the semiconductive layer on opposed sides of the dividing groove; and thereafter removing the second semiconductive section from the polymeric insulation layer while retaining the first semiconductive section on the polymeric insulation layer.

Abstract: A groove machining apparatus for an insulating spacer includes a cutting blade that is removably fixed to a rotation shaft rotatable around a horizontal axis and movable in a right-left direction and in an up-down direction and mounts for a cassette that are fixed in a loading /unloading position opposing an entrance through which the cassette can be loaded/unloaded and in a working position 180 degrees apart from the loading/unloading position and facing the cutting blade, respectively, on a rotary table. The apparatus includes positioning devices that are respectively located in the vicinity of the mounts to position and fix the cassette to the mounts, and a clamping device that corresponds to the cassette in the working position and presses opposing edges in a front-back direction of a plurality of insulating spacers aligned on the cassette.

Abstract: A tremolo device is provided. The tremolo device has a base plate with a leading edge that comprises a bearing surface. The base plate also comprises a bracket for attachment of a lever. The tremolo device also includes a pivot rail comprising a pivot bearing surface that matingly engages the bearing surface of the leading edge. When matingly engaged, the bearing surface of the leading edge and the pivot bearing surface defines 3 or more contact surfaces having a length of from about 20% to about 100% of the length of the leading edge.

Abstract: A supporting frame and magnetic cradle for playing a harmonica hands-free, the frame providing two positions: a “playing” position for rigidly supporting the harmonica in proximity to the mouth and an “at-rest” position for retaining the harmonica within reach but out of the way. The frame provides means for pivoting the harmonica between the two positions and a memory hinge feature so that, once adjusted, the preferred playing position is reliably recovered at each use. A magnetic lock is used to secure the harmonica to its playing cradle, unexpectedly improving the sound quality. Multiple harmonicas may be magnetically exchanged in and out of the cradle, permitting the musician to quickly and flexibly change keys, timbre, or add tremolo, for example, during a performance. The frame does not interfere with simultaneous performance with other instruments, such as guitar or microphone, and thus finds use for a soloist musician.

Abstract: The present invention has a sufficient silencing effect, and improves resistance of breath upon blowing and stability of a tone to normal musical performance and substantially improves breathlessness and difficulty in blowing while having a compact size which hardly projects from a bell. With a brass silencer which has a silencer body (10) attached to a bell (20) of a brass, the silencer (10) has a body internal space (11), the silencer body (10) is provided with: a breath injection pipe (4) which injects breath in the body internal space (11); and a breath ejection pipe (5) which has a breath ejection channel (13) which communicates to a pipe internal space (2) of the breath injection pipe (4) and ejects breath to an external space, and an injection side inner diameter of the breath injection pipe (4) is made greater than a minimum inner diameter of the silencer body (10).

Abstract: An adjustable resonator stop may be used in resonators of keyboard percussion instruments. The adjustable resonator stop includes a resonator engaging body having a cavity, a resonator end member being configured to be disposed within the cavity of the resonator engaging body, and a tightening member coupled to at least a portion of the resonator end member. The tightening member is configured to move the resonator end member from a disengaged position, wherein the resonator stop may be freely adjusted within a resonator, to an engaged position, wherein the resonator stop may be securely coupled to an interior surface of the resonator. The adjustable resonator stop may provide the same or better performance characteristics as a permanently installed metal stop including a smooth, metallic, bi-polar vibrating surface with exposure to air on either side, while also providing quick adjustability at little or no cost when compared to other adjustable stops in the industry.

Abstract: A drumstick holder, comprising: a member providing a surface; one or more retaining members (for example clips arranged to grip a drumstick) arranged to prevent or restrict free movement of a drumstick across the surface; a plurality of protrusions from the member; wherein the drumstick holder is adapted for fitting to a rim of a drum or further comprises means for fitting the member to a rim of a drum (for example a clamp); and when the drumstick holder is fitted to a drum rim, each respective protrusion engages a drum at a different respective position around a circumference of a drum rim. The surface may be substantially planar. The drum may be a bass drum.

Abstract: An accompaniment data generating apparatus has a phrase waveform data storing portion for storing sets of phrase waveform data each indicative of a phrase of accompaniment tones preformed at a reference tempo and each corresponding to a different reference note. The accompaniment data generating apparatus obtains a reproduction tempo, obtains the first reference note, selects a set of phrase waveform data corresponding to the second reference note whose tone pitch is different from a tone pitch of the first reference note, and reads out the selected phrase waveform data set at a speed by which the tone pitch of the second reference note of the selected phrase waveform data set agrees with the tone pitch of the first reference note of a case where a set of phrase waveform data corresponding to the first reference note is reproduced at the reference note.

Abstract: Singing systems and methods are provided for allowing multiple singers of different environments to join in a same song simultaneously. In one embodiment, a singer system is provided. The system comprises a centralized system to control songs playing on different mobile devices; a first mobile device held by a first user; a second mobile device held by a second user; a location detecting device included in the first mobile device to determine a background that should be displayed on the first mobile device; and a language detector included in the first mobile device to detect current language in accordance with the first user's voice; a speed detector included in the first mobile device to detect current speed of song sung currently by the first user.

Abstract: A musical instrument (1) includes a stick (10) to be held by a player and provided with a marker (15) at a leading end that emits light and switches off; a camera unit (20) that captures an image of the player holding the stick (10); and a center unit (30) that generates a percussion instrument sound based on a position of the marker (15) while emitting light in image-capture space captured by the camera unit (20), in which the stick (10) causes the marker (15) to emit light under the condition of detecting start of a down swing movement by the player, and causes the marker (15) to switch off under the condition of detecting the end of this movement.

Abstract: A customizable electronic musical instrument comprising a mounting frame for securing a plurality of user-installable electronic musical modules of various types including a type for generating at least one real-time control signal responsive to user operation, a type for generating audio signals, responsive to a real-time control signal, and a for processing audio signals responsive to at least one of a real-time control signal. The instrument can transmit electrical signals to an external system and can include internal sound amplification. The instrument can include one or more of a keyboard, touchpad, strumpad, impact sensor, slider control, expression wheel, joystick, ribbon controller, button, switch, pressure sensor, multiple-position selector, knob potentiometer, and music synthesizer elements. Signals may be routed among modules by a switch or bus.

Abstract: A method for treating musical instruments is provided. The method applies suitable acoustic energy through the surrounding medium (e.g., air) without direct contact between the instrument and the acoustic source so as to achieve a more desirable response and performance form the musical instrument. In some embodiments, the instrument is properly supported and positioned with respect to an audio source, which audio source is driven with a suitable tone or sequence or electrical driving signal, which audio source then provides the needed sound for the needed duration and cycle to achieve the transformation in the instrument.

Abstract: An electronic hi-hat cymbal controller is disclosed. The controller includes a hi-hat cymbal stand having a pedal and a shaft. The pedal is configured and arranged to move the shaft. A lower cymbal is mounted to the hi-hat cymbal stand and an upper cymbal is mounted to the shaft. A sensor assembly is mounted to the hi-hat cymbal stand. The sensor assembly is configured and arranged to detect the position of the upper cymbal relative to the lower cymbal.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for neutralizing weapons carried on a person or in a vehicle. This is accomplished using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. The information in this abstract is not meant to limit the scope of the claims in any way.

Abstract: A feed assembly of an assault rifle for feeding rounds of ammunition to a firing chamber includes an ammunition feed that is cooperable with the firing chamber. The ammunition feed simultaneously receives a magazine biased to deliver rounds of ammunition to the firing chamber and a belt feed system for feeding belted rounds of ammunition to the firing chamber. A selector is interconnected to a pawl and a magazine cover. The selector simultaneously actuates the pawl and the magazine cover alternately opening and closing the pawl and the magazine cover for selectively feeding rounds of ammunition from the belt feed system or the magazine into the firing chamber.

Abstract: A protective shelter is provided offering opposite outer supports and a roof structure extending between the supports, wherein the roof structure comprises a first layer covering a space between the outer supports and providing a first level of protection to the shelter and a second layer in the form of a pre-detonation screen providing a second level of protection to the shelter, wherein the pre-detonation screen comprises a plurality of individual panels arranged and supported over and spaced from the first layer, at least one of the individual panels comprising a first panel material presenting a substantially closed surface to an incoming projectile and at least one second panel material forming an edging strip to the first panel material and being of greater rigidity than the first panel material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flexible article having resistance against ballistic impacts wherein said article comprises a stack of at least two unconnected plies, each ply containing at least two connected monolayers containing polymeric tapes and wherein said monolayers are free of any matrix material.

Abstract: Shotshell type ammunition includes a hull, a sabot disposed within the hull, and at least one projectile disposed within the sabot. The hull has a rimless first end that includes a primer for firing the ammunition. The hull also has a seat surface for seating the hull against a complementary seat surface in a firing chamber of a firearm. The seat surface is located a distance from an outer end surface of the hull at the rimless first end. The hull further includes an outer cylindrical side surface extending from the rimless first end of the hull to the seat surface of the hull. Methods of fabricating such ammunition includes forming such a hull, providing one or more projectiles within a sabot, and disposing the sabot with the one or more projectiles therein at least partially into the hull. Shotgun type firearms are configured for firing such ammunition.

Abstract: An indirect gas operating system for a semi-automatic or automatic rifle is provided, the indirect gas operating system having: a sleeve removably secured to a forward end of a gas block of the rifle; a piston slidably received within the gas block, wherein the gas block and the sleeve fluidly couple the piston to a bore of a barrel of the rifle; wherein an increase in pressure in the bore of the rifle causes the piston to move away from the sleeve; and wherein the sleeve and the piston are each capable of being removed from the rifle through the forward end of the gas block.

Abstract: A weapon system is provided. The weapon system includes a receiver and an operating group. The operating group includes a barrel extension at least partially housed within the receiver and arranged to axially translate relative to the receiver; an operating rod (op-rod) assembly arranged to axially translate within the barrel extension; and a bolt assembly arranged to axially translate within the barrel extension. The system further includes a gas accelerator coupled to the barrel and the op-rod assembly; a buffer assembly including a self-centering spring and a hydraulic piston assembly having a first end coupled to the receiver and a second end coupled to the barrel extension; and a feeder coupled to the receiver and configured to provide the round to the operating group.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments of power machines, implements and hydraulic systems utilize a hydraulic flow control circuit and method to implement multiple modes of operation while optimizing hydraulic fluid flow to either or both of primary and secondary function devices.

Abstract: An aircraft store ejector systems and subsystems thereof. Embodiments can include a two-reservoir re-pressurization system wherein a remote reservoir is used to maintain desired pressure in a local ejector reservoir. The system can include a release valve having a vent valve and valve piston. The release valve can control release of pressurized gas to a pitch control valve. The pitch control valve can be configured to distribute the pressurized gas between two or more ejector piston assemblies. One or more of the ejector piston assemblies can include multiple concentric piston stages and piston chambers, the piston chambers configured to contain a volume of gas. The ejector piston assemblies can be configured to compress the volume of gas within the piston chambers as the piston stages are extended out from the aircraft. Such compression can provide a return force to the piston stages.

Abstract: Hydraulic pump applications sometimes require the pump to be able to provide relatively low pressure with larger amounts of fluid moved, while other applications call for relatively higher pressures but less fluid moved. The multi-speed hydraulic pump can operate at multiple speeds so as to provide multiple outputs of pressure and flow. In a two-mode version, the pump has one mode of operation that provides for lower pressure/more fluid moved and another mode of operation that provides for higher pressure/less fluid moved. Having multiple modes of operation in the pump allows for a single pump to provide greater movement or greater pressure while working within the limits of the force or speed at which the pump is actuated.

Abstract: A piston-combination comprising an elongate chamber bounded by an inner chamber wall, and comprising a piston sealingly movable in the chamber relative to the chamber wall at least between a first and a second longitudinal position of the chamber, said chamber having cross-sections of different cross-sectional areas at the first and second longitudinal positions, and at least substantially continuously differing cross-sectional areas at intermediate longitudinal positions between the first and second longitudinal positions, the cross-sectional area at said second longitudinal position being smaller than the cross-sectional area at the first longitudinal position, said piston changing dimensions and having different cross-sectional areas thereby adapting to different cross-sectional areas of the chamber during the relative movements of the piston between the first and second longitudinal positions through said intermediate longitudinal positions of the chamber, said combination engaging a rigid surface and bei

Abstract: A fluid is supplied and discharged to and from a cylinder. A body portion is fixed to a fixed-side structure, and the cylinder is provided integrally with the body portion. A piston defines a cylinder chamber inside the cylinder and slides on an inner wall of the cylinder. A rod is provided integrally with the piston and is displaced so as to extend from and contract into the cylinder. A link member is installed parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder or installed so as to extend obliquely to a direction parallel to the axial direction of the cylinder, and a first end of the link member is pivotably connected to a movable-side structure. A connecting member is fixed to the rod, and a second end of the link member is pivotably connected to the connecting member.

Abstract: An activation unit is disclosed having at least one actuator having a variable length disposed around at least one first axis. The activation unit operatively interacts with an activation element mounted so that it can be bi-directionally deflected along a second axis. The front side of the actuator is indirectly or directly engaged with a first piston, which can be deflected along the first axis in a mechanically positively driven manner. The first piston has a front side facing away from the actuator which axially borders at least regions of a transfer medium on one side. The transfer medium is radially surrounded relative to a first axis by a housing radially to the first axis, and axially borders at least regionally a front side of at least one second piston. The at least second piston can be deflected in a mechanically positively driven manner, and engages the activation element directly or indirectly.

Abstract: A light impact unit for an impact assembly and an impact assembly are disclosed. The light impact unit includes an impact portion, a piston element, a transmission element and a driving portion. The impact portion includes a cavity in which the piston element is disposed. The transmission element has a first end and a second end which is opposite to the first end. The first end and the second end are connected to the piston element and the driving portion respectively. Therefore, when the driving portion provides an impact force intermittently through the transmission element to the piston element, the piston element will impact the impact portion and move in a reciprocating motion.

Abstract: A device for diagnosing a particle filter attached onto a main exhaust line of an internal combustion engine, wherein the diagnosis device includes, downstream from the first particle filter, a detection filter and a sensor for measuring an output parameter of the detection filter. The detection filter is arranged in a secondary exhaust line through which a first portion of the gases from the particle filter passes, wherein a second portion of the gases from the particle filter follows the main exhaust line. The device can be used for diagnosing particle filters for an automobile having a combustion engine.

Abstract: High volumetric-efficiency thermally integrated systems for capturing a target gas from a process gas stream include a monolithic body and a distribution system. The monolithic body includes a first plurality of channels and a second plurality of channels each having sorbent surfaces that reversibly adsorb the target gas. The channels are in thermal communication such that heat from an exothermic adsorption of target gas in one plurality of channels is used by an endothermic desorption of target gas from the other plurality of channels. Methods for separating a target gas from a process gas stream include switching the high volumetric-efficiency thermally integrated systems between a first state and a second state. In the first state, the first plurality of channels undergoes desorption while the second undergoes adsorption. In the second state, the second plurality of channels undergoes desorption while the first plurality undergoes adsorption.

Abstract: A membrane for separation of gases, the membrane including a metal-organic phase and a polymeric phase, the metal-organic phase having porous crystalline metal compounds and ligands, the polymeric phase having a molecularly self assembling polymer.

Abstract: A method for preparing a polymeric material includes: providing a polymeric matrix having at least one polymer and at least one porogen; and degrading the at least one porogen at a temperature T?1.1 Tg, where Tg is a glass transition temperature of the polymeric matrix. The degrading step includes exposing the polymeric matrix to thermal degradation, chemical degradation, electrical degradation and/or radiation degradation, wherein the polymeric material has a permeability at least 1.2 times a permeability of the polymeric matrix for a gas, and a selectivity of the polymeric material is at least 0.35 times a selectivity of the polymeric matrix for a gas pair. The method preferably provides gas separation membranes that exceed Robeson's upper bound relationship for at least one gas separation pair. Novel polymeric materials, gas separation membranes and fluid component separation methods are also described.

Abstract: A fuel stabilization unit includes a fuel inlet and outlet, an oxygen permeable membrane and a vacuum source. The vacuum source employs an ejector and a high pressure fluid to generate an oxygen partial pressure differential across the membrane. A fuel deoxygenation system includes a fuel stabilization unit and a vacuum source. The fuel stabilization unit has a fuel flow path, a vacuum chamber and an oxygen permeable membrane separating the fuel flow path and the vacuum chamber. The vacuum source employs an ejector and a high pressure fluid to reduce pressure in the vacuum chamber to generate an oxygen partial pressure differential across the oxygen permeable membrane. A method for deoxygenating a fuel includes delivering a high pressure fluid to an ejector, generating an oxygen partial pressure differential across an oxygen permeable membrane using only the ejector and removing oxygen from the fuel using the oxygen partial pressure differential.

Abstract: An illustrative filter includes an electret material, which has a long-lasting electric charge, that is at least partially coated or covered with a conductive layer. An optional insulation layer may be disposed over at least part of the conductive layer. If the electret material has a positive charge, then the filter attracts particles with a negative charge, and vice versa. The filter adsorbs the attracted particles until it becomes saturated with particles, at which point the conductive layer is charged to have a polarity that is opposite the built-in polarity of the electret and that matches the polarity of the adsorbed particles. The charged conduction layer repels the adsorbed particles from the filter, cleaning the filter for continued use.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrostatic collection device (1) of particles in suspension in a gas environment by corona effect. The effect is created by a discharge electrode in the form of a wire (4) judiciously maintained at its two ends (40, 41), the maintaining means (7) downstream of the collecting chamber (2) extending inside at least one space delimited by a wall (9) transversal to the collecting wall (3) part of which (30) forms the collecting electrode, the transversal wall having a shape adapted to deflect the path of a liquid present in the gas and flowing on the collecting electrode and carried along up to said transversal wall such that it does not come into contact directly with the maintaining means (7).

Abstract: A built in purifier for a cylinder of essentially nitrogen free gas having a low water content is provided with a molecular sieve 3A adsorbent to adsorb water from the gas, the 3A adsorbent having a particularly low adsorption capacity for nitrogen.

Abstract: Porous bulk materials formed of shape-persistent, non-collapsible, three-dimensional molecular cage building blocks are presented that are useful for a variety of applications including gas separation/storage, sensing, and catalysis.

Abstract: Effective synthesis gas purification is achieved by applying copper adsorbents which are resistant to the reduction by the components of the synthesis gas H2 and CO at normal operation conditions. The novel adsorbents are produced by admixing small amounts of an inorganic halide, such as NaCl, to the basic copper carbonate precursor followed by calcination at a temperature sufficient to decompose the carbonate. The introduction of the halide can be also achieved during the forming stage of adsorbent preparation. These reduction resistant copper oxides can be in the form of composites with alumina and are especially useful for purification of synthesis gas or gas streams containing hydrogen carbon monoxide or other reducing agents.

Abstract: A bottle of one-piece integrally formed construction has a body with a closed base and a shoulder at an end of the body remote from the base, and a neck extending from the shoulder along an axis and terminating in a neck finish for attachment of a closure. The bottle neck includes at least one internal embossment for affecting flow of liquid from the body through the neck. In exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, the at least one internal embossment includes at least one internal annular rib or at least one internal rib coplanar with the neck axis or at least one internal spiral rib or at least one internal elliptical rib.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for removing ammonia or reducing ammonium from biogas plant fermentation liquids or biogas plant fermentation residues, wherein ammonia or ammonium is reduced by way of flash evaporation, separated from the biogas plant fermentation liquids or biogas plant fermentation residues, and removed as ammonia. The invention further relates to a device for performing said method.

Abstract: A method for separating out molten dust in high temperature gas includes the steps of: passing the high temperature gas carrying molten dust through an adhesive separator, the molten dust adhering to the adhesive separator and separating from the high temperature gas, the molten dust adhering to the inner sidewall flowing downwardly due to the gravity force and discharging; conveying the cleaned high temperature gas into a heat exchanger directly or after heating materials for cooling and discharging; using the heat recycled by the heat exchanger to heat the gas supplied to the adhesive separator; and supplying the gas heated by the heat exchanger into the adhesive separator directly or after further reaction, the heat absorbed from the heat exchanger and the heat generated in the reaction keeping the temperature of the gas flowing out of the adhesive separator higher than the melting point of the dust.

Abstract: A powder cyclone separator for use in a powder coating system is formed in two separate and separable sections. An upper section is mounted on a first frame and remains stationary. A lower section is mounted on a second frame that is movable laterally away from the first frame so that an operator has more ready access to clean interior surfaces of the upper section. Optionally, actuators may be provided to raise and lower the cyclone lower section with respect to the cyclone upper section. Optional alignment means are presented for aligning the cyclone upper and lower sections. A control mechanism may be mounted on the second frame which includes a switch that is operable to raise and lower the lower section with respect to the upper section. This design allows an operator to see and verify that virtually all internal surfaces of the cyclone have been cleaned.

Abstract: The subject matter disclosed herein relates to gas separation membranes and, more specifically, to polyimide gas separation membranes. In an embodiment, a gas separation membrane includes a porous substrate, a substantially continuous polyimide membrane layer, and one or more layers of boehmite nanoparticles disposed between the porous substrate and the polyimide membrane layer to form a bond-coat layer. The bond-coat layer is configured to improve the adhesion of the polyimide membrane layer to the porous substrate, and the polyimide membrane layer has a thickness approximately 100 nm or less.

Abstract: Provided is an electrically charged filter which has a high initial filtering efficiency and is not liable to decline in filtering efficiency, by including a liquid-charged nonwoven fabric layer that is charged by application of force via a polar liquid, and a tribo-electrically charged nonwoven fabric layer that is charged by friction between fiber components of a plurality of types.

Abstract: An air cleaner including a corona wire assembly, a power supply electrically connected to the corona wire assembly, a fan to draw air through the air cleaner, a fan speed control, and a controller to sense the fan speed and control the power supply, such that an amplitude of a current provided by the power supply to the corona wire assembly is proportional to the fan speed is described. By varying the corona wire assembly current proportionally with the fan speed, the ozone output is minimized at all speeds. So as fan speed decreases, the current supplied to a corona wire assembly decreases, thereby reducing the ozone generated by the air cleaner.

Abstract: An electrostatic precipitator cell containing a collection assembly, a plurality of collection assembly ground plates disposed in the collection assembly, a plurality of banks disposed in the collection assembly, wherein each bank containing a collection assembly charge plate and a voltage isolator is described. Electrically isolating portions of an electrostatic precipitator cell results in reduced arcing and overall increases in cleaning efficiency. As air cleaner utilizing the electrostatic precipitator with isolated banks is also described.